EP0525616A2 - Dispositif de chargement - Google Patents

Dispositif de chargement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0525616A2
EP0525616A2 EP19920112537 EP92112537A EP0525616A2 EP 0525616 A2 EP0525616 A2 EP 0525616A2 EP 19920112537 EP19920112537 EP 19920112537 EP 92112537 A EP92112537 A EP 92112537A EP 0525616 A2 EP0525616 A2 EP 0525616A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
detection signal
charging
photosensitive layer
charging device
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19920112537
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0525616A3 (fr
Inventor
Eiichi Kido
Yuhi Yui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sharp Corp
Original Assignee
Sharp Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sharp Corp filed Critical Sharp Corp
Publication of EP0525616A2 publication Critical patent/EP0525616A2/fr
Publication of EP0525616A3 publication Critical patent/EP0525616A3/xx
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/06—Eliminating residual charges from a reusable imaging member
    • G03G21/08—Eliminating residual charges from a reusable imaging member using optical radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/02—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for laying down a uniform charge, e.g. for sensitising; Corona discharge devices
    • G03G15/0266—Arrangements for controlling the amount of charge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G2215/00—Apparatus for electrophotographic processes
    • G03G2215/02—Arrangements for laying down a uniform charge
    • G03G2215/021—Arrangements for laying down a uniform charge by contact, friction or induction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging device which charges a photosensitive layer covering the surface of a photoreceptor by applying a voltage to a charging member disposed in contact with the photosensitive layer.
  • a developing unit 22, a transfer charger 23, a cleaner unit 24, an erase lamp 25, and a corona discharge device 26 are disposed around a photoreceptor drum 21 as illustrated in Fig. 10.
  • the following will discuss a series of copying processes performed in such a machine. Firstly, the surface (photosensitive layer) of the photoreceptor drum 21 is charged uniformly by the corona discharge device 26. Secondly, the surface of the photoreceptor drum 21 is exposed to reflected light R from a document at the exposure point B, whereby an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the image on the document is formed on the photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor drum 21. Next, the electrostatic latent image is developed into a toner image by the developing unit 22. Finally, the toner image is transferred to a sheet P by the transfer charger 23, whereby a copy of the document is produced.
  • any toner remaining on the surface of the photoreceptor drum 21 is collected by the cleaning unit 24, and any remaining electrostatic charges are erased by the erase lamp 25.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a charging device which always keeps the surface potential of a photoreceptor sustained at a set value irrespective of wear of the photosensitive layer coating the surface of a photoreceptor.
  • a charging device of the present invention at least includes the following means, shown in Fig. 1.
  • the voltage control means approximates the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum to a set value by controlling the voltage to be applied to the charging member according to a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer, transmitted from the detection signal outputting means to the voltage control means.
  • the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum is always maintained at a uniform value irrespective of wear of the photosensitive layer. This prevents the photoreceptor drum and components located around the photoreceptor drum from deteriorating. It is therefore possible to produce copies of good quality continuously.
  • FIG. 2 shows a charging device which is used with a copying machine.
  • the copying machine of this embodiment has a photoreceptor drum 1, shown in Fig. 3, as photoreceptor
  • the photoreceptor drum 1 includes a cylindrical drum base 1 a which is made of aluminum having a thickness T 1 of 1 mm.
  • the external surface of the drum base 1a is covered with a CGL (carrier generation layer) 1 b of a thickness T 2 of 1 ⁇ m and then with a CTL (carrier transmission layer) 1 c of a thickness T 3 of 20 /1.m.
  • the CGL 1 b and CTL 1 c form a photosensitive layer.
  • the photoreceptor drum 1 is driven to rotate in the A direction and, when an original document is scanned, the external surface of the photoreceptor drum 1 is exposed to reflected light R from the document at exposure point B.
  • a developing unit 2 with a magnet roller 2a, a sheet transporting path 3, a transfer roller 4, a cleaning unit 5 with a blade 5a, an erase lamp 6, and a charging roller 7 are disposed around the photoreceptor drum 1 serially from the exposure point B in the A direction.
  • the transfer roller 4 and the charging roller 7 as charging means are respectively disposed in contact with the external surface of the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • the charging roller 7 is made of a rubber roller with a diameter of 12 mm, and charges the surface (photosensitive layer) of the photoreceptor drum 1 to a set potential.
  • the developing unit 2 develops an electrostatic latent image, which is formed by exposure at the exposure point B, into a toner image with developer.
  • the transfer roller 4 is made of a sponge roller with a diameter of 14 mm, and transfers the toner image to a sheet P supplied from the sheet transport path 3.
  • the cleaning unit 5 collects any toner remaining on the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • the erase lamp 6 removes any remaining charges on the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • the main factor in the reduction in the thickness T 3 is abrasion of the photoreceptor drum 1 which is caused by an antistatic agent included in the developer in the developing unit 2 and the blade 5a of the cleaning unit 5.
  • abrasion occurs because the magnetic particles of magnetite forming the antistatic agent function as abrasive powder when they are removed from the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1 with the blade 5a.
  • Reductions in the thickness T 3 of the CTL 1 were measured with respect to the copying operation, i.e., with respect to the number of copies produced, and the results are shown in Table 1 and the graph of Fig. 4.
  • the thickness of the CTL decreases about 1 ⁇ m every 10000 copies.
  • the rate of decrease varies depending on the type of a binding resin used for forming the CTL of a photoreceptor drum.
  • Table 2 shows the wear rate (the relative amount of decrease in the thickness) of two types of CTLs, types A and B, with respect to the wear rate of the CTL 1 c of the present invention denoted as type C.
  • the CTLs of types A, B and C are formed by a styrene acrylic binder resin, a polycarbonate binder resin, and a modified polycarbonate resin, respectively.
  • Table 3 and Fig. 5 show that the surface potential rises around 10 V per ⁇ m reduction in thickness. According to Paschen's law, where V a is the voltage applied to the charging roller 7, V c is the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1, and V TH is the starting voltage for charging the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • a voltage Vg which is applied to a minute clearance S between the charging roller 7 and the photoreceptor drum 1, shown in Fig. 6, is given by: where Z is the width of the clearance S, and K is the dielectric constant of the CTL 1c.
  • a breakdown voltage V b at the clearance S is given by an approximation
  • equation (7) is expressed.
  • equation (8) is modified into theoretical equation (9) for obtaining the surface potential V c of the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • the relation between the thickness T 3 of the CTL 1 and the number of copies produced is written with an empirical equation: where X is the number of copies produced, is the initial thickness ( ⁇ m) of the CTL1c, a is a constant determined by the photoreceptor drum 1 or other factor, and aX ⁇ ⁇ . From equations (8) and (10), a value of the starting voltage V TH for charging the photoreceptor drum 1 is given theoretically in relation to a reduction in the thickness T 3 of the CTL 1c. And, the surface potential V c of the photoreceptor drum 1 with respect to reductions in the thickness T 3 of the CTL 1 was theoretically calculated by substituting 1.2 k (-V) for the applied voltage V a in equation (9) and equation (10). 1.2 k (-V) is the voltage applied to the charging roller 7 in the above-mentioned experiment. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • a charging device of the present invention is constituted by the counter 11 as detection signal outputting means, the charging roller 7, and the variable DC power source 10 and a microcomputer 12 as voltage control means for controlling the voltage to be applied to the charging roller 7.
  • the counter 11 counts the number of copies which have been produced, and transmits to the microcomputer 12 an information signal indicating the number of copies produced as a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness T 3 .
  • the detection signal When the detection signal is input into the microcomputer 12, it calculates a voltage to be applied to the charging roller 7 by equations (9) and (10) for correction so that the surface potential V c of the photoreceptor drum 1 is maintained at a set value. It also controls the variable DC power source 10 so that the calculated voltage is applied to the charging roller 7.
  • the set value is equal to the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1 at the starting time where any copy has not yet been made.
  • the charging device of this embodiment has the charging roller 7 installed in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1, the variable DC power source 10 for applying a variable voltage to the charging roller 7, the counter 11 for outputting an information signal indicating the number of copies produced as a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness T 3 , and the microcomputer 12 which controls the voltage to be applied to the charging roller 7 by the variable DC power source 10 upon the detection signal from the counter 11.
  • the voltage to be applied to the the charging roller 7 is lowered according the wear of the CTL 1 of the photoreceptor drum 1 which increases as the number of copies produced increases. This enables the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1 to be maintained at a uniform value. Consequently it is possible to produce copies of good quality continuously.
  • the counter 11 is provided as detection signal outputting means for outputting a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer.
  • detection signal outputting means for outputting a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer.
  • any other detecting means may be provided if they can detect a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer directly and output it as a detection signal.
  • the charging device of this embodiment is constituted by the charging roller 7 installed in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1, an erase lamp 6' as erase means, a DC power source 10', the counter 11 as detection signal outputting means for outputting a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness of a photosensitive layer, and a microcomputer 12' as erasing control means.
  • the DC power source 10' constantly applies a uniform voltage to the charging roller 7 during a copying operation.
  • the erase lamp 6' removes any charges remaining on the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1 by illuminating erase light D to the photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor drum 1, while the microcomputer 12' varies the luminance of the erase light D.
  • the luminance of the erase light D is increased according to the equations (9) and (10) for correction so as to approximate the surface potential V c of the photoreceptor drum 1 to a set value.
  • the erase lamp 6' lowers the potential for charging the photoreceptor drum 1 by increasing the luminance of the erase light D. As a result, the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1, which tends to rise as the thickness of the CTL 1 of the photoreceptor drum 1 c decreases, is kept uniform.
  • the charging device of this embodiment has the charging roller 7 installed in contact with the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1, the erase lamp 6' for illuminating the erase light D of variable luminance, the DC power source 10' for applying a uniform voltage to the charging roller 7, the counter 11 for outputting an information signal indicating the number of copies produced as a detection signal indicating a change in the thickness of the photosensitive layer, and a microcomputer 12' which controls the luminance of the erase light D upon the detection signal from the counter 11.
  • the luminance of the erase light D is increased according to wear of the CTL 1 c of the photoreceptor drum 1 which increases as the number of copies produced increases.
  • This arrangement enables the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1 to be kept uniform. Consequently, it is possible to produce copies of good quality continuously.
  • the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1 is kept uniform by increasing the luminance of the erase light D while lowering the potential for charging the photoreceptor drum 1.
  • the erase lamp 6' may be replaced with a member which can maintain the surface potential of the photoreceptor drum 1 uniform by controlling the wavelength of the erase light D with the microcomputer 12'.
  • the erase lamp 6 for erasing any remaining charges on the surface of the photoreceptor drum 1 functions as erase means.
  • this is merely one instance, and therefore an erase lamp and erase means may be provided separately.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Charge, Transfer And Separation In Electrography (AREA)
  • Discharging, Photosensitive Material Shape In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Control Or Security For Electrophotography (AREA)
EP19920112537 1991-07-23 1992-07-22 Dispositif de chargement Withdrawn EP0525616A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP182594/91 1991-07-23
JP3182594A JPH0527557A (ja) 1991-07-23 1991-07-23 帯電装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0525616A2 true EP0525616A2 (fr) 1993-02-03
EP0525616A3 EP0525616A3 (fr) 1994-04-27

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920112537 Withdrawn EP0525616A2 (fr) 1991-07-23 1992-07-22 Dispositif de chargement

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0525616A2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0527557A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0663627A2 (fr) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-19 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Appareil de formation d'images
EP0698831A1 (fr) * 1994-08-22 1996-02-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de formation d'image
EP0751440A2 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil de formation d'images
EP0702280A3 (fr) * 1994-09-16 1997-06-04 Canon Kk Appareil électrophotographique
GB2356832A (en) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-06 Lexmark Int Inc Method and apparatus for automatically compensating for degradation of the charge roller voltage in a laser printer

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5606399A (en) * 1994-09-28 1997-02-25 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Device for correcting an applied voltage in an image forming apparatus
JP3372410B2 (ja) * 1994-09-28 2003-02-04 株式会社リコー 画像形成装置
JP2003280264A (ja) * 2002-03-20 2003-10-02 Ricoh Co Ltd 画像形成装置
JP2005326727A (ja) * 2004-05-17 2005-11-24 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 交換ユニットが装着された画像形成装置
JP5436183B2 (ja) * 2009-12-14 2014-03-05 キヤノン株式会社 画像形成装置
JP6440456B2 (ja) * 2014-10-31 2018-12-19 キヤノン株式会社 画像形成方法および画像形成装置
JP6561658B2 (ja) * 2014-12-24 2019-08-21 株式会社リコー 画像形成装置
JP6531734B2 (ja) * 2016-07-27 2019-06-19 京セラドキュメントソリューションズ株式会社 画像形成装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5890652A (ja) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-30 Minolta Camera Co Ltd 表面電位制御方法
JPS58136057A (ja) * 1982-02-08 1983-08-12 Canon Inc 高圧発生装置
JPS58169170A (ja) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-05 Ricoh Co Ltd 複写装置
JPS5969774A (ja) * 1982-10-14 1984-04-20 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体の感光層膜厚測定方法
JPS63118783A (ja) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-23 Ricoh Co Ltd 電子写真複写機
JPS63239482A (ja) * 1987-03-27 1988-10-05 Nec Corp 電子写真印刷装置の除電装置
EP0338546A2 (fr) * 1988-04-20 1989-10-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif à charger et appareil de formation d'images utilisant un tel dispositif
JPH02195366A (ja) * 1989-01-25 1990-08-01 Sharp Corp 画像形成装置の帯電装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5835548A (ja) * 1981-08-27 1983-03-02 Canon Inc 画像形成装置
JPS58186753A (ja) * 1982-04-24 1983-10-31 Canon Inc 電子写真方法及び装置
JPS61138267A (ja) * 1984-12-10 1986-06-25 Sharp Corp 感光体の感度補正方法
JPH0654401B2 (ja) * 1986-12-19 1994-07-20 新電元工業株式会社 画像形成装置

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5890652A (ja) * 1981-11-24 1983-05-30 Minolta Camera Co Ltd 表面電位制御方法
JPS58136057A (ja) * 1982-02-08 1983-08-12 Canon Inc 高圧発生装置
JPS58169170A (ja) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-05 Ricoh Co Ltd 複写装置
JPS5969774A (ja) * 1982-10-14 1984-04-20 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 電子写真用感光体の感光層膜厚測定方法
JPS63118783A (ja) * 1986-11-07 1988-05-23 Ricoh Co Ltd 電子写真複写機
JPS63239482A (ja) * 1987-03-27 1988-10-05 Nec Corp 電子写真印刷装置の除電装置
EP0338546A2 (fr) * 1988-04-20 1989-10-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif à charger et appareil de formation d'images utilisant un tel dispositif
JPH02195366A (ja) * 1989-01-25 1990-08-01 Sharp Corp 画像形成装置の帯電装置

Non-Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 12, no. 368 (P-766)(3215) 4 October 1988 & JP-A-63 118 783 (RICOH CO LTD) 23 May 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 13, no. 43 (P-821)(3391) 31 January 1989 & JP-A-63 239 482 (NEC CORP) 5 October 1988 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 482 (P-1119)19 October 1990 & JP-A-02 195 366 (SHARP CORP) 1 August 1990 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, no. 192 (P-218)(1337) 23 August 1983 & JP-A-58 090 652 (MINOLTA CAMERA K.K.) 30 May 1983 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, no. 253 (P-235)(1398) 10 November 1983 & JP-A-58 136 057 (CANON K.K.) 12 August 1983 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 175 (P-294)(1612) 11 August 1984 & JP-A-59 069 774 (FUJI DENKI SEIZO K.K.) 20 April 1984 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 6 (P-247)(1443) 12 January 1984 & JP-A-58 169 170 (RICOH K.K.) 5 October 1983 *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0663627A2 (fr) * 1994-01-14 1995-07-19 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Appareil de formation d'images
EP0663627A3 (fr) * 1994-01-14 1996-07-03 Mita Industrial Co Ltd Appareil de formation d'images.
US5572295A (en) * 1994-01-14 1996-11-05 Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. Voltage control device for a charge
EP0698831A1 (fr) * 1994-08-22 1996-02-28 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif de formation d'image
US5697010A (en) * 1994-08-22 1997-12-09 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Image forming apparatus having detection means to maintain image formation condition
EP0702280A3 (fr) * 1994-09-16 1997-06-04 Canon Kk Appareil électrophotographique
EP0751440A2 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1997-01-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil de formation d'images
EP0751440A3 (fr) * 1995-06-30 1998-10-07 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil de formation d'images
GB2356832A (en) * 1999-12-02 2001-06-06 Lexmark Int Inc Method and apparatus for automatically compensating for degradation of the charge roller voltage in a laser printer
GB2356832B (en) * 1999-12-02 2003-10-29 Lexmark Int Inc Method and apparatus for automatically compensating for a degradation of the charge roller voltage in a laser printer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0527557A (ja) 1993-02-05
EP0525616A3 (fr) 1994-04-27

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