EP0391174B2 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen von physikalischen Kenngrössen eines Aufzuges - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen von physikalischen Kenngrössen eines Aufzuges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0391174B2
EP0391174B2 EP90105566A EP90105566A EP0391174B2 EP 0391174 B2 EP0391174 B2 EP 0391174B2 EP 90105566 A EP90105566 A EP 90105566A EP 90105566 A EP90105566 A EP 90105566A EP 0391174 B2 EP0391174 B2 EP 0391174B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
driving pulley
evaluation unit
lift
control circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90105566A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0391174B1 (de
EP0391174A1 (de
Inventor
Hanspeter Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tuev Bau- und Betriebstechnik Unternehmensgru GmbH
Original Assignee
Technischer Ueberwachungs-Verein Bayern Ev
Technischer Uberwachungsverei Bayern Sachsen eV
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Publication date
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Application filed by Technischer Ueberwachungs-Verein Bayern Ev, Technischer Uberwachungsverei Bayern Sachsen eV filed Critical Technischer Ueberwachungs-Verein Bayern Ev
Publication of EP0391174A1 publication Critical patent/EP0391174A1/de
Publication of EP0391174B1 publication Critical patent/EP0391174B1/de
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0037Performance analysers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B1/00Control systems of elevators in general
    • B66B1/24Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
    • B66B1/28Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006Monitoring devices or performance analysers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security testing device and a method for security testing with the features of the preambles of claims 1 and 33 respectively.
  • the background for the present invention is safety checks on cargo and passenger tugs. Such lifts must be subjected to regular checks, whereby, for example, characteristic values such as travel paths, braking distances, catching paths and the slip resistance (driving ability) of the cable pull driven by the traction sheave must be determined. This is described in the guidelines for the testing of elevator systems (TRA 102), whereby the TRA 102 are a leaflet of the Federal Minister of Labor and Social Policy.
  • kinematic data of the elevators that is to say travel path and associated time measurement values
  • the test method according to the invention represents a significant improvement in that no high loads are placed on the elevator during the test.
  • the evaluation unit can advantageously have a device for determining and recording distance, speed and acceleration values as a function of time or distance.
  • the braking and catching curves recorded in this way are output on a screen or printer and overlaid with calculated envelopes (which define permissible upper and lower limits). This makes it easy to determine the effectiveness of the brake and safety gear.
  • the determined curves can be saved on a data carrier.
  • the evaluation device expediently comprises a computer, preferably a personal computer.
  • the device according to the invention has a force measuring signal transmitter connected to the cable pull, by means of which the forces transmitted by the cable pull and determining the movement sequence of the car can be determined. With the aid of such a force measurement, the slip resistance of the cable pull driven by the traction sheave can advantageously be carried out.
  • the rope, the empty car and the counterweight are specifically accelerated or decelerated for checking the adhesion of the rope to the traction sheave during normal operation of the elevator.
  • the movement parameters of the rope and the traction sheave are recorded separately depending on the time.
  • the movement parameters of the rope and traction sheave are also compared with a predetermined limit movement parameter (e.g. a limit curve), the drive capacity of the traction sheave being fulfilled in any case if this limit value is exceeded.
  • a predetermined limit movement parameter e.g. a limit curve
  • the reference numeral 1 designates a traction sheave which has two guide grooves for a cable pull 2 formed in the present case by two cables.
  • a car 3 is attached to one end of the cable 2.
  • a counterweight 4 hangs at the other end of the cable 2.
  • the mass of the counterweight 4 usually corresponds to the mass of the car 3 plus half the permissible car load.
  • 5 designates a motor-transmission-brake unit for driving the traction sheave 1, this unit having a handwheel 10 for rotating the traction sheave 1.
  • the unit 5 contains a brake for the traction sheave 1.
  • the unit 5 with the traction sheave 1 is arranged above a ceiling 11 which closes off the elevator shaft.
  • the car 3 When driving, the car 3 is moved via the cable 2, which is driven by the motor-transmission-brake unit via the traction sheave 1.
  • the cable For the elevator system to operate properly, it is necessary that the cable is laid over the traction sheave in a non-slip manner.
  • the car can also be moved by the handwheel 10 in the event of an emergency, repairs or checks.
  • 6 denotes an evaluation unit, which in the present exemplary embodiment comprises a personal computer 12, an input / output interface 13 and an interface module 14.
  • the dashed outline 6 ' is intended to indicate that the input / output interface 13 and the interface module 14 form a functional unit.
  • the personal computer has a screen 36 as a display device and an input keyboard 37.
  • the evaluation unit 6 is in each case connected via one of the lines 15 to 17 to a first distance sensor 7, which is motionally connected to a cable of the cable 2, a second distance sensor 18, which is connected to the traction sheave 1 e.g.
  • the lines 9 are combined to form a 12-wire shielded cable which has at one end a test plug which can be connected to the control circuit 46 of the elevator system and has at the other end a circuit board connector with a voltage protection circuit.
  • the interface module 14 comprises four modules. For electrical signals that are transmitted from the control circuit 46 via the lines 9 to the evaluation unit, a control sub-interface is provided, which has an optocoupler for each input for a galvanic separation of the evaluation unit from the control circuit, one with a capacitive one to be operated with only one operating voltage Provided feedback operational amplifier for signal amplification and a Schmitt trigger. A largely symmetrical sensor sub-interface is provided for recording and preprocessing signals from the distance sensors and the force measuring signal transmitter. As a third module, the interface module 14 has a divider module for dividing the system clock of the personal computer 12. Finally, the interface module contains an acoustic signal transmitter which has a monoflop with a pulse width of approximately 500 ms and a downstream piezo beeper.
  • the input / output interface has a decoder, an input / output and a timer module.
  • the timer module contains a universally programmable counter, the clock input of which is connected to the system clock of the personal computer via the divider module of the interface module.
  • FIG. 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a distance sensor in front and side view, as it can be used in a device according to FIG. 2.
  • the distance sensor has a perforated disk 19 with light passage holes 20 arranged concentrically around the pivot point of the perforated disk at equal intervals.
  • the perforated disk is concentrically connected to a drive disk 21 provided with a guide slot for a driving cable rope.
  • the perforated disk 19 with the drive disk 21 has an axis of rotation 24 which is rotatably mounted in a holder 23.
  • 25 denotes a first and 26 denotes a second light barrier measuring device, the light rays of which pass through the perforated disk or can be interrupted by the perforated disk.
  • the distance between the two light barriers and the distance between the light passage holes on the perforated disk is selected so that when the perforated disk rotates in one direction for the signals of the two light barrier devices, the pulse diagrams shown in FIG. 5 with temporally offset pulses result.
  • the direction of rotation can be determined by evaluating the measurement signals emitted by both light barriers. Such an evaluation circuit is shown in FIG. 6. In addition to path impulses, the number of which is characteristic of the travel path of the car, the circuit also supplies a signal indicating the direction of movement of the car.
  • Fig. 12 shows an embodiment for a double-path transducer which combines the two transducers 7 and 18 in one unit.
  • the two distance sensors are displaceably supported against each other and can thus be pressed with the tread 45 both against the traction sheave and with the running groove 22 'against a supporting cable.
  • the mode of operation of the individual distance sensors corresponds to the sensor in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the force measuring signal transmitter has a helical compression spring 28 guided in a guide sleeve 27, which can be compressed by a pull rod 29 which has a disc 30 at one end against which the spring 28 comes into contact and an eyelet 31 at the other end.
  • 32 with a distance transducer is designated by which a displacement of the pull rod 29 against the guide sleeve 27 can be detected and thus a measurement signal for the force acting on the pull rod can be supplied.
  • the Wegslreckenaufillon 32 is shown separately in Fig. 8. Like the distance sensor according to FIGS. 3 and 4, it has a perforated disk 19 'and two light barrier measuring devices 25' and 26 '.
  • the perforated disc 19 ' is connected via an axis of rotation 24' to a drive wheel 33 which comes to bear against the tie rod 29 and is driven by the tie rod.
  • FIG. 9 another embodiment of a force transducer 8 is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIG. 7 in that a distance sensor is provided for detecting the displacement of the pull rod 29 'against the guide sleeve 27', one with the Drawbar 29 'connected, against the guide sleeve displaceable perforated strip 35 with equidistantly arranged in a line light passage holes 20'.
  • a first light barrier device 25 ′′ and a second light barrier device 26 ′′ are provided for scanning the through holes 20 ′.
  • the connection of the force transducer 8 to the cable 2 and its support on the ceiling 11 is analogous to FIG. 7.
  • the direction of movement of the pull rod can be determined.
  • FIG. 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a dynamometer 8, which corresponds in terms of arrangement to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7 and differs from it in that the force between the point of application 34 and the elongated holes of the belt fastening 37a is not direct acts on the spring, but is deflected via the joint 35 and presses on the support balls 36 on the plate springs 38.
  • the plate springs 38 are guided through a sleeve 39 on the outside.
  • the transducer holder 40 is used Recording the distance sensor (dial gauge) 50 according to FIG. 11.
  • the distance sensor dial gauge
  • it has a perforated disk 19 and two light barrier measuring devices 26.
  • the perforated disk 19 is driven by the rack 42 via the gear 43.
  • a return spring is used to eliminate the play between gear 43 and rack 42.
  • this distance transducer can be fixed to the transducer receptacle 40 of the dynamometer FIG. 10 and there it senses the spring travel, translated by the lever ratio joint 35 - support ball 36 - transducer receptacle 40.
  • measurements of travel distances, speeds and accelerations of the car as a function of time or of the path can be carried out as a function of the signals of the control circuit of the elevator system that control the movement of the car carried out and recorded.
  • These curves can be output on the computer screen or on a printer. By comparing with the target curves, statements can be made about the effectiveness of the brake and safety gear.
  • FIG. 13 shows a typical course of a path (s) over time (t) curve (f), as it was recorded during a catching process. As shown in FIG. 13, this curve (f) is output on the screen or on the printer.
  • Two consecutive braking distance measurements can be used to calculate the braking distance of the car loaded with nominal load in the down direction. It is also possible to calculate the braking deceleration when the car is loaded with 1.5 times the nominal load. This is possible because these different braking distances (sleer from to sleer up) are caused by known mass differences. All other masses involved (including rotatory ones) are equally involved in both experiments and can therefore be eliminated. Speeds can also be determined, since the respective times are also stored in a table in the computer for the corresponding routes. The braking distance or deceleration at any load can therefore be calculated by two braking attempts with an empty car. It is therefore possible to make a statement about the brake under load from the empty car.
  • the delay under vice This delay in turn determines the dynamic portion of the driveability test with load. Since this deceleration can be calculated and the decelerated masses (car, counterweight) are known, the dynamic component can also be calculated and replaced by an additional force when testing the driving ability without load.
  • the slip resistance (driving ability) of the cable can also be determined. 7 or 9 or 10 with one or more cables 2 of the cable pull with the aid of a suitable cable clamp 49.
  • the guide sleeve of the force transducer is fastened to a fixed point via a belt strap 47 and a cross member 48, expediently on the ceiling 11 closing the elevator shaft.
  • the tensile force must be increased in the slip test until either a determined limit value is reached and the signal generator emits a warning signal, or the rope or ropes on the traction sheave start to wear out.
  • the slipping that occurs can be visually e.g. can be determined by shifting applied markings or by evaluating the signals of the first distance sensor that can be connected to the cable pull and the second distance sensor that can be connected to the traction sheave.
  • the driving ability can also be determined in the following manner with the device described:
  • the two distance sensors are each motion-connected with the traction sheave and a suspension cable.
  • the control line 9 is connected accordingly to the elevator control.
  • the elevator is now decelerated from full speed with maximum braking effect. From the time the delay is initiated, the travel sensors record the distances traveled, which are stored in the computer with the associated times in a table. By evaluating these tables, it can then be determined whether or how far the suspension cable has slid over the traction sheave. Furthermore, it can be determined at which delay the static friction has overcome and the slipping has started and at which delay the ropes have stopped again relative to the traction sheave (transition from sliding friction to static friction). Since the delayed masses (ropes, car and counterweight) are known or can be determined, the delays can therefore be extrapolated directly to the corresponding forces. It can also be determined from which load the elevator slips and at which load there is static friction again.
  • both position transducers In order to be able to record path differences, both position transducers must either emit the same impulses for the same distances or be synchronized with a correction factor.
  • the two odometers are automatically calibrated with each measuring process. This is achieved as follows: At the beginning of the The braking process, therefore, before the brake is applied, the elevator moves at an almost constant speed. No additional forces act between the suspension cable and the traction sheave. Both odometers travel the same route. If the number of pulses of the two travel meters is now set in relation to each other, this quotient is the synchronization factor of the two travel meters. This synchronization is implemented using software, for example.
  • the device described is also able to check the control circuit of the elevator by checking the chronological sequence of the control signals. E.g. the time it takes for the control to switch off the drive or to apply a brake after a safety switch has been opened can be determined.
  • the evaluation unit has a number of functional devices, some of which are implemented as software solutions.
  • a functional device is provided for determining the speed and / or acceleration values.
  • the measurement of the speed can be triggered by actuating the keyboard or it is triggered by signals from the control circuit of the elevator. Measurement results can be displayed on the screen of the personal computer and, if necessary, can be output as a complete test report on a printer.
  • the acoustic signal generator contained in the interface module 14 can be activated.
  • the screen can also be used to display instructions for operating the device.
  • the sensor interface causes the computer when an external event occurs, e.g. Advance the perforated disc to interrupt its work and update the corresponding internal memory for distance and possibly time.
  • an external event e.g. Advance the perforated disc to interrupt its work and update the corresponding internal memory for distance and possibly time.
  • timers and acoustic signal generators with the necessary control were accommodated in the sensor interface.
  • dispensing with these modules and, instead, controlled by software, using the corresponding modules in the computer.
  • the device and the method according to the invention enable the travel movement of an elevator to be very finely determined with regard to the distance covered and the associated time. Accelerations and decelerations can be recorded in a very fine time grid.
  • the empty car can be braked during the upward travel, with an operator holding a distance sensor 7 against the running suspension cable before and during the deceleration.
  • the fact whether the suspension cable slips on the traction sheave or not can be assessed visually in this case by marking the position of the suspension cable on the traction sheave with a line before the deceleration.
  • the empty elevator car is either accelerated or decelerated.
  • the brake of the elevator is held in the standby position by a brake magnet that is constantly energized. If the power supply to the brake magnet is interrupted for the test procedure, the brake starts. The intended interruption of the current supply for the magnet can be used as a trigger for starting the measuring process.
  • the short period between the interruption of the power supply and the subsequent intervention of the brake can be used to synchronize the distance sensors for the traction sheave and for the rope. During this short period of time there is a constant speed in both parts. During this period, the two distance meters assigned to the support cable and the traction sheave are synchronized by setting the number of counts of the one distance meter in comparison to that of the second knife. The factor determined in this way is used to convert the counting pulses of both sensors into sections. Any manufacturing tolerances between the two odometers as well as different wear are automatically eliminated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Indication And Recording Devices For Special Purposes And Tariff Metering Devices (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Recording Measured Values (AREA)
EP90105566A 1989-04-07 1990-03-23 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen von physikalischen Kenngrössen eines Aufzuges Expired - Lifetime EP0391174B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8904375U 1989-04-07
DE8904375U DE8904375U1 (de) 1989-04-07 1989-04-07 Vorrichtung zum Erfassen von physikalischen Kenngrößen eines Aufzugs

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0391174A1 EP0391174A1 (de) 1990-10-10
EP0391174B1 EP0391174B1 (de) 1992-01-29
EP0391174B2 true EP0391174B2 (de) 1997-10-15

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EP90105566A Expired - Lifetime EP0391174B2 (de) 1989-04-07 1990-03-23 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erfassen von physikalischen Kenngrössen eines Aufzuges

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5578801A (pl)
EP (1) EP0391174B2 (pl)
JP (2) JPH04506502A (pl)
AT (1) ATE72203T1 (pl)
DE (2) DE8904375U1 (pl)
DK (1) DK0391174T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2029929T5 (pl)
GR (2) GR3004164T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO1990011958A1 (pl)

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DE102006011093A1 (de) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Seilschlupf-Detektor
DE102006011092A1 (de) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Prüfhebel mit Auflager
DE102006036251A1 (de) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Seilrutsch / Treibfähigkeits-Indikator
DE102007009602A1 (de) 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Treibfähigkeitsmessung an Treibscheibenaufzugsanlagen

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DE102009026992A1 (de) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-30 Dekra Testing & Inspection Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs
DE102009028596A1 (de) * 2009-08-17 2011-03-03 Dekra Testing & Inspection Gmbh Verfahren und Anordnung zur Prüfung der ordnungsgemäßen Funktionsfähigkeit eines Aufzugs
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FI123348B (fi) * 2011-10-07 2013-02-28 Kone Corp Hissin valvontajärjestely sekä menetelmä hissin valvomiseksi
WO2014037608A1 (en) 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 Kone Corporation Axial flux motor intended for fixing to a machine and method for fixing the axial flux motor to a machine
EP2774886B1 (en) * 2013-03-04 2015-11-18 Kone Corporation Traction sheave elevator
EP2883826B1 (de) * 2013-12-16 2018-07-04 Inventio AG Bremse für Aufzugsanlagen
ES2602062T3 (es) * 2014-05-19 2017-02-17 Kone Corporation Un ascensor
EP3095743B1 (en) * 2015-05-20 2018-07-25 KONE Corporation Elevator comprising a rope monitoring arrangement to detect displacement of belt-shaped ropes
US10745244B2 (en) * 2017-04-03 2020-08-18 Otis Elevator Company Method of automated testing for an elevator safety brake system and elevator brake testing system
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CN110282518B (zh) * 2019-07-15 2020-10-16 福建省特种设备检验研究院 一种电梯制停距离的检测方法
CN112141844A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2020-12-29 通辽市特种设备检验所 一种用于老旧电梯安全评估的综合检测系统
CN112875454A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-06-01 中国电子产品可靠性与环境试验研究所((工业和信息化部电子第五研究所)(中国赛宝实验室)) 电梯打滑检测方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006011093A1 (de) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Seilschlupf-Detektor
DE102006011092A1 (de) * 2006-03-08 2007-09-13 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Prüfhebel mit Auflager
DE102006011395A1 (de) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Messvorrichtung für eine Treibfähigkeitsmessung
DE102006011395B4 (de) * 2006-03-09 2014-12-31 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Messvorrichtung für eine Treibfähigkeitsmessung
DE102006036251A1 (de) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Seilrutsch / Treibfähigkeits-Indikator
DE102007009602A1 (de) 2007-02-26 2008-08-28 TÜV Rheinland Industrie Service GmbH Treibfähigkeitsmessung an Treibscheibenaufzugsanlagen

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US5578801A (en) 1996-11-26
DK0391174T3 (da) 1992-03-23
WO1990011958A1 (de) 1990-10-18
JPH0367879A (ja) 1991-03-22
DE59000040D1 (de) 1992-03-12
ES2029929T5 (es) 1998-02-01
GR3004164T3 (en) 1993-03-31
EP0391174B1 (de) 1992-01-29
DE8904375U1 (de) 1989-07-27
ATE72203T1 (de) 1992-02-15
EP0391174A1 (de) 1990-10-10
JPH04506502A (ja) 1992-11-12
ES2029929T3 (es) 1992-10-01
GR3029520T3 (en) 1999-06-30

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