EP0340205B1 - Ölgekühlter Verbrennungsmotor - Google Patents
Ölgekühlter Verbrennungsmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0340205B1 EP0340205B1 EP89890103A EP89890103A EP0340205B1 EP 0340205 B1 EP0340205 B1 EP 0340205B1 EP 89890103 A EP89890103 A EP 89890103A EP 89890103 A EP89890103 A EP 89890103A EP 0340205 B1 EP0340205 B1 EP 0340205B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- cooling
- circuit
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 177
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P9/00—Cooling having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P7/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/12—Closed-circuit lubricating systems not provided for in groups F01M1/02 - F01M1/10
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/002—Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M5/00—Heating, cooling, or controlling temperature of lubricant; Lubrication means facilitating engine starting
- F01M5/002—Cooling
- F01M2005/004—Oil-cooled engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P2003/006—Liquid cooling the liquid being oil
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
- F01P2003/027—Cooling cylinders and cylinder heads in parallel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
- F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
- F01P2005/105—Using two or more pumps
Definitions
- the invention relates to an oil-cooled internal combustion engine, with an oil pan forming a common oil sump for a lubricating and a cooling oil circuit, the oil circuits having their own oil pumps and the lubricating oil circuit comprising an oil filter and an oil cooler being connected to the cooling oil circuit originating from the oil sump, and furthermore a secondary circuit branches off from the lubricating oil circuit after the oil cooler, which leads to additional cooling-intensive engine areas as an additional cooling circuit.
- DE-A.35 09 095 also includes an oil-cooled internal combustion engine, in which the lubricating oil circuit is arranged in series after the cooling oil circuit, in order to supply oil that has already been warmed up during engine warm-up to the lubrication points can. Since this lubricating oil circuit branches off in front of the oil cooler located in the cooling oil circuit, the lubricating oil temperature remains largely uncontrolled and a desired high-temperature cooling is impossible.
- the oil cooler If the oil cooler is in the lubricating oil circuit, it is subject to the lubricating oil pressure and cools the lubricating oil to a temperature that is significantly below the oil sump temperature, whereby the critical engine areas, such as valve webs, nozzle seats and the like, are exposed to excessively hot cooling oil from the oil sump. If, on the other hand, the oil cooler is in the cooling oil circuit, it is pressurized with lower pressure and the critical engine areas can be cooled with cooler oil, but then the lubricating oil temperature corresponds to the oil sump temperature, which can only be brought to a useful value with a very high cooling effort because the oil sump temperature must have lower values.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to remedy these defects and to provide an oil-cooled internal combustion engine of the type described, which is distinguished by its effective cooling and allows a functional high-temperature cooling with relatively little construction and construction effort.
- the invention solves this problem essentially in that, after passing through the cooling jackets and channels, the cooling oil is partly passed into the oil cooler and partly passed through cylinder head outlets bypassing the lubricating oil circuit directly into the oil sump and in that the oil cooler on the suction side of the Oil pump is arranged.
- the secondary circuit has external lines for surface cooling, for example the web areas of a cylinder head and branches upstream of the oil filter from the lubricating oil circuit.
- low-temperature lubricating oil is used in a simple, elegant manner to cool the critical engine areas (for example, the land areas of a cylinder head), so that sufficient cooling is guaranteed for these sensitive areas even when the normal cooling circuit is switched to high-temperature cooling is.
- the peak temperatures of the cylinder heads or other high-temperature engine parts can be reduced to the desired values, but at the same time the mean temperature increases, so that the thermal stresses decrease, the combustion conditions and the fuel consumption are improved and the like.
- the lubricating oil pump is arranged downstream of the oil cooler and the branch of the secondary circuit is arranged, so that the lubricating oil pump sucks in cool oil directly from the oil cooler and quickly feeds it to the lubricating oil channels or the secondary circuit and the suction side horizontal oil cooler can be designed with little effort and thermally favorable.
- the cooling oil pump delivers a larger amount of oil than the lubricating oil pump, and the excess amount can be removed in front of the oil cooler and returned to the oil sump bypassing the lubricating oil circuit.
- the result is an economical, low-cost cooling system, since the lubricating oil pump working against a high pressure only has to circulate a smaller delivery rate, which small amount of lubricating oil reduces energy consumption and simplifies the oil cooler and fan.
- the larger amount of cooling oil needs from the cooling oil pump only with a relatively small amount Back pressure to be circulated, and the like after flowing through the cold rooms the excess oil corresponding to the delivery difference of the two pumps is separated from the oil passing into the lubricating oil circuit and reaches the oil sump.
- the excess oil is brought to a mixing temperature, the actual oil sump temperature, by mixing with the cooler oil flowing out of the lubrication system and from the secondary circuit.
- the oil filter downstream of the oil cooler or a riser pipe is located in the height range of the oil cooler inflow, so that even when the oil pumps are at a standstill it is impossible for the oil to flow out of the oil cooler.
- the cooling oil circuit has a return line bypassing the cooling oil pump with a pressure and / or temperature-controlled shut-off valve, so that the cooling oil circuit can be rationally adapted to different operating conditions.
- shut-off valve is connected to the pressure side of the lubricating oil pump via a control line and opens when the lubricating oil pressure drops below a limit value
- this return line allows the cooling oil circuit to be drained quickly when the engine is at a standstill, thereby ensuring a quick and safe oil level check without an oil change or the like. to affect.
- Emptying the cooling oil circuit after switching off the engine also prevents the formation of oil carbon and the like. in places of the cooling oil circuit, the temperature of which rises after the cooling fails due to possible overheating of the engine.
- the shut-off valve can be actuated and closes depending on an engine temperature, for example the cylinder head temperature Only when this temperature rises above a limit value, the engine is operated without cooling during the start-up and warm-up process and the operating temperature is reached very quickly, which has advantages in terms of emissions of fuel consumption, wear and the like. results.
- the shut-off valve can also be designed as a control valve and can be controlled as a function of at least one engine identification temperature, as a result of which it is possible to use the cooling in a targeted manner, taking into account the respective operating states.
- An oil-cooled internal combustion engine 1 has a lubricating oil circuit 2 with a lubricating oil pump 3 and a cooling oil circuit 4 with a cooling oil pump 5.
- the oil pan 6 of the internal combustion engine 1 forms a common oil sump 7 for both oil circuits 2, 4, the cooling oil circuit 4 starting from the oil sump 7 and the lubricating oil circuit 2, which leads via an oil cooler 8 and an oil filter 9, to the cooling oil circuit 4.
- a branch circuit 10 branches off from the lubricating oil circuit 2 after the lubricating oil pump 3 and serves as an additional cooling oil circuit for cooling tricky, thermally critical engine areas, for which purpose external lines 10a with spray nozzles 11 are provided for valve web cooling of the cylinder heads.
- inner lines 10b with spray nozzles 12 are provided for piston cooling.
- the oil filter 9 of the lubricating oil circuit 2 is in the height range of the oil cooler inflow 8a in order to prevent the oil cooler 8 from being emptied when the pump is at a standstill and to be able to use the oil cooler 8 as an oil reservoir.
- the cooling oil pump 5 sucks the cooling oil in a relatively large amount via a suction line 4a and delivers it with a small amount Back pressure, about 0.5 bar, in the cooling oil circuit 4, which leads through suitable cooling jackets and channels 4b around the cylinder liners and into the cylinder heads.
- the hot cooling oil leaves the engine block and partly returns via a connecting line 4c into the oil cooler 8 and partly via cylinder head outlets 4d, bypassing the lubricating oil circuit 2, directly into the oil sump 7.
- a sprinkler line 4e can also be provided for sprinkling the capsule wall, the sprinkler oil likewise coming back into the oil sump 7 bypassing the lubricating oil circuit 8.
- the cooling oil flowing back into the oil sump is cooled to a mixing temperature which corresponds to the temperature of the oil sump only by mixing with the much cooler oil flowing out of the lubrication system and from the secondary circuit 10.
- the lubricating oil pump 3 circulates a much smaller amount of oil, about half of the cooling oil amount 5 um, but with a much larger back pressure, for example 4.5 bar, only the amount of oil corresponding to the delivery rate of the lubricating oil pump 3 flowing into the oil cooler 8 through the connecting line 4c.
- This amount of oil can be easily cooled in the oil cooler 8 to the temperature desired for the lubricating oil + so that the lubricating oil pump 3 draws in low-temperature lubricating oil from the oil cooler 8 through the suction line 2a and delivers it into the lubricating oil circuit 2.
- the lubricating oil pump 3 presses the lubricating oil through the oil filter 9, from which it flows into the main lubricating oil channel 2b and through this to the usual lubrication points of the engine 1.
- a control valve 13 allows fine tuning of the lubricating oil pressure to the respective lubrication system.
- the lubricating oil then returns from the lubrication points into the oil sump 7, whereby, as already mentioned, it mixes with the hot excess oil from the cooling circuit during the backflow.
- the cool lubricating oil from the lubricating oil circuit 2 now also serves to feed the secondary circuit 10, which branches off in front of the oil filter 9.
- a part of the secondary circuit 10 can, depending on the respective structural conditions, also be derived directly from the main lubricating oil duct 2b in the form of the branch lines 10b in order to carry out the piston cooling or another internal cooling.
- a return line 14 which bypasses the cooling oil pump 4 and has a pressure-controlled shut-off valve 15.
- a control line 16 connects the check valve 15 to the pressure side of the lubricating oil pump 3, so that the return line 14 is opened or closed depending on the lubricating oil pressure.
- the shut-off valve 15 opens the return line 14 and the cooling oil from the cooling oil circuit 4 quickly flows back into the oil sump 7, so that the amount of oil present can be checked immediately after the engine has stopped. If the engine is ignited, the lubricating oil pressure rises again above the limit value, the check valve 15 blocks the return line 14 and the cooling oil is properly pumped through the cooling oil circuit 4.
- the check valve 15 can advantageously also be a function of a characteristic engine temperature, e.g. the cylinder head temperature are actuated so that the cooling is omitted below a limit temperature and a rapid warm-up of the engine is achieved. If the shut-off valve 15 is designed as a control valve, the cooling oil circuit 4 can be specifically adapted in its cooling effect even to different operating states, which affects the combustion conditions, fuel consumption, signs of wear and the like. favorably influenced.
- cooling oil and lubricating oil circuit Due to the inventive management of the cooling oil and lubricating oil circuit, in particular only a part of the cooling oil quantity passes into the lubricating oil circuit and cool lubricating oil of the lubricating oil circuit for additional cooling in terms of heat technology critical engine areas is used, there is an efficient high-temperature cooling of the internal combustion engine.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT1103/88 | 1988-04-29 | ||
AT110388 | 1988-04-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0340205A2 EP0340205A2 (de) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0340205A3 EP0340205A3 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
EP0340205B1 true EP0340205B1 (de) | 1992-05-13 |
Family
ID=3506658
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89890103A Expired - Lifetime EP0340205B1 (de) | 1988-04-29 | 1989-04-10 | Ölgekühlter Verbrennungsmotor |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4926800A (ru) |
EP (1) | EP0340205B1 (ru) |
JP (1) | JPH066890B2 (ru) |
AT (1) | ATE76160T1 (ru) |
CA (1) | CA1324040C (ru) |
DE (1) | DE58901374D1 (ru) |
RU (1) | RU1802852C (ru) |
YU (1) | YU60389A (ru) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH046526U (ru) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-01-21 | ||
US5072705A (en) * | 1991-02-21 | 1991-12-17 | Kenneth Overman | Rotary engine and method |
DE4325141A1 (de) * | 1993-07-27 | 1995-02-02 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Brennkraftmaschine |
US5669335A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 1997-09-23 | Thomas J. Hollis | System for controlling the state of a flow control valve |
US5540203A (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-07-30 | Ford Motor Company | Integrated hydraulic system for automotive vehicle |
DE4442221A1 (de) * | 1994-11-26 | 1996-05-30 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Ölgekühlte Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine |
US5657722A (en) * | 1996-01-30 | 1997-08-19 | Thomas J. Hollis | System for maintaining engine oil at a desired temperature |
US5522351A (en) * | 1995-05-22 | 1996-06-04 | Brunswick Corporation | Internal combustion engine temperature control system |
IT1308421B1 (it) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-12-17 | Fiat Ricerche | Sistema di raffreddamento per un motore a combustione interna. |
EP1050569A1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2000-11-08 | Filip Vandeputte | Liquid coolant for internal combustion engines |
DE19955302A1 (de) * | 1999-11-17 | 2001-05-23 | Deutz Ag | Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennkraftmaschine |
US6536381B2 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2003-03-25 | Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. | Vehicle lubricant temperature control |
CN1996198B (zh) * | 2005-12-31 | 2010-06-16 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种改进的发动机试验台架机油恒温控制方法及系统 |
US8375917B1 (en) | 2009-07-23 | 2013-02-19 | Gene Neal | Engine oil cooler |
RU2484277C2 (ru) * | 2011-07-21 | 2013-06-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Автодизель" (Ярославский моторный завод) | Двигатель внутреннего сгорания |
DE102011084632B4 (de) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Verfahren zum Erwärmen einer Brennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine zur Durchführung eines derartigen Verfahrens |
US8387571B2 (en) | 2011-11-04 | 2013-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Oil delivery system |
US10550754B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2020-02-04 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Engine |
US10428705B2 (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2019-10-01 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Engine |
USD904227S1 (en) | 2018-10-26 | 2020-12-08 | Polaris Industries Inc. | Headlight of a three-wheeled vehicle |
DE102019212801A1 (de) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennkraftmaschine mit Ölkreislauf und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine |
CN113847140B (zh) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-03-03 | 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 | 一种增程器润滑冷却系统、混动汽车和控制方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR563752A (fr) * | 1922-06-22 | 1923-12-13 | Perfectionnements apportés aux procédés de refroidissement et de graissage des moteurs thermiques | |
FR1088134A (fr) * | 1952-12-04 | 1955-03-03 | Daimler Benz Ag | Dispositif de lubrification pour moteurs à combustion interne avec un réfrigérateur de lubrifiant |
US3485324A (en) * | 1967-11-07 | 1969-12-23 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Piston cooling system |
FR2415198A1 (fr) * | 1978-01-19 | 1979-08-17 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Dispositif pour le refroidissement de l'huile d'un moteur |
DE2810980A1 (de) * | 1978-03-14 | 1979-09-27 | Daimler Benz Ag | Oelgekuehlter verbrennungsmotor |
DE2847057A1 (de) * | 1978-10-28 | 1980-05-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit kuehlsystem |
DE3509095A1 (de) * | 1984-04-11 | 1985-10-17 | Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg | Anordnung zur kuehlung und schmierung einer hubkolben-brennkraftmaschine |
JPS6235006A (ja) * | 1985-08-08 | 1987-02-16 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃エンジンの潤滑装置 |
JPH07116937B2 (ja) * | 1986-05-30 | 1995-12-18 | スズキ株式会社 | シリンダヘッド冷却方法 |
DE3618794A1 (de) * | 1986-06-04 | 1987-12-10 | Daimler Benz Ag | Oelgekuehlte brennkraftmaschine |
US4708095A (en) * | 1986-06-16 | 1987-11-24 | Deere & Company | Combined engine cooling and lube system |
DE3633093A1 (de) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-03-31 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Anordnung zur schmierung und kuehlung einer brennkraftmaschine |
DE3633576A1 (de) * | 1986-10-02 | 1988-04-07 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Brennkraftmaschine |
-
1989
- 1989-03-24 YU YU60389A patent/YU60389A/sh unknown
- 1989-04-10 EP EP89890103A patent/EP0340205B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-04-10 DE DE8989890103T patent/DE58901374D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-10 AT AT89890103T patent/ATE76160T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-04-12 US US07/336,749 patent/US4926800A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-14 CA CA000596727A patent/CA1324040C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-04-14 RU SU894613833A patent/RU1802852C/ru active
- 1989-04-26 JP JP1104828A patent/JPH066890B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU1802852C (ru) | 1993-03-15 |
ATE76160T1 (de) | 1992-05-15 |
EP0340205A2 (de) | 1989-11-02 |
EP0340205A3 (en) | 1990-03-21 |
US4926800A (en) | 1990-05-22 |
CA1324040C (en) | 1993-11-09 |
DE58901374D1 (de) | 1992-06-17 |
JPH01313614A (ja) | 1989-12-19 |
JPH066890B2 (ja) | 1994-01-26 |
YU60389A (sh) | 1993-10-20 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19910425 |
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