EP0327104B1 - Broyeur à mâchoires - Google Patents

Broyeur à mâchoires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0327104B1
EP0327104B1 EP89101918A EP89101918A EP0327104B1 EP 0327104 B1 EP0327104 B1 EP 0327104B1 EP 89101918 A EP89101918 A EP 89101918A EP 89101918 A EP89101918 A EP 89101918A EP 0327104 B1 EP0327104 B1 EP 0327104B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crushing
jaw
pitman
jaw crusher
chain conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89101918A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0327104A3 (en
EP0327104A2 (fr
Inventor
Paul Böhringer
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89101918T priority Critical patent/ATE75422T1/de
Publication of EP0327104A2 publication Critical patent/EP0327104A2/fr
Publication of EP0327104A3 publication Critical patent/EP0327104A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0327104B1 publication Critical patent/EP0327104B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a jaw crusher with a swivel-mounted crushing jaw, with a crushing stroke drive acting on the back of the crushing jaw facing away from the crushing chamber and with an anvil serving as a counterbearing for the pressure reduction of the material to be processed by the crushing jaw narrowing crushing chamber.
  • Jaw crushers of this type are known from DE-U-1863078. These are robust constructions, which are particularly suitable for processing even the hardest rock when they are designed as double-toggle jaw crushers.
  • the known jaw crushers are loaded from above and have a vertical crop flow direction from top to bottom.
  • the crushing chamber narrows downwards in a wedge shape.
  • the supplied material to be crushed is pressed against the other, fixedly arranged crushing jaw via the one, pendulum-arranged crushing jaw. Due to the pressure, the material is crushed in several steps and finally falls out of the crushing chamber under the influence of gravity.
  • the known jaw crusher are complex and expensive to manufacture. However, they are not suitable for all types of use. For example, they are hardly suitable for recycling reinforced concrete parts. They also tend to malfunction due to clogging, jamming and wedging of the material to be shredded. Steel parts carried during recycling often have to be removed by flame cutting. Clogging and the need to clear it by hand also increases the risk of accidents.
  • Knockhead breakers are also known in which a striking head rotating around a horizontal shaft with striking bars arranged on its circumference is arranged in the housing above a chain conveyor, on which the material to be shredded is fed to it.
  • Such impact head crushers are only suitable for crushing at most medium-hard rock. If rocks of all kinds and, for example, reinforced concrete are fed in for recycling, the impact tools will wear out too quickly. It is therefore not possible to economically shred the full range of goods with such machines.
  • the object of the invention is to design the known jaw crusher while maintaining its advantages in terms of insensitivity, low wear and workability even the hardest rock so that it can also be used in a versatile manner for the recycling and breaking of reinforced concrete and can be machine-cleared instead of manually in the event of blockages.
  • the known jaw crusher is tilted by 90 ° while maintaining its own pressure reduction between the movable jaw and anvil so that the crushing chamber, which narrows in the direction of the flow of material, lies horizontally.
  • the force of gravity can no longer be used to convey the crushed material through the crushing chamber.
  • a chain conveyor is therefore provided which feeds the material to be crushed onto the anvil into the crushing chamber.
  • the chain conveyor is also equipped with crushing bars that lie transversely to the crushing jaw teeth and thus lead to the transverse fracture of the rock fragments and promote the crushing of the material to be crushed under the action of the movable crushing jaw.
  • the crushing bars can also be easily replaced, not only when they are worn, but also to convert to a crushing bar shape that best suits the material being crushed.
  • the crushing jaw is designed as a swing arm, the pivot shaft of which lies above and in the conveying direction in front of the inlet mouth of the crushing chamber. This is a massive training, which moreover does not hinder the supply of the crushed material to the crushing chamber.
  • the chain conveyor is only operated intermittently when the material to be crushed is difficult. It is particularly advantageous if the drive of the chain conveyor and the drive of the crushing jaw rocker are matched to one another so that the chain conveyor stops during the crushing stroke of the crushing jaw rocket, but on the other hand the feed stroke of the chain conveyor during the return stroke of the crushing jaw rocker and the associated release of the crushed material by Jaw jaw is carried out.
  • this new jaw crusher is also expediently used to ensure that the wearing parts can be replaced.
  • the crushing jaw rocker can consist of a rocker body with a crushing jaw that is held as a wear part. Wear plates that can be exchanged are also expediently used on the anvil.
  • a conventional drive unit with a drive motor, eccentric shaft and external flywheels is used, which is expediently built as a unit on the rear side of the crushing jaw rocker on the rear wall of the housing located above.
  • the crushing jaw rocker is driven by a bellcrank, which is supported at one end on a crossbeam of the housing via a support bearing shell, at the other end with a force transmission bearing shell for force transmission starting from the connecting rod running on the eccentric shaft and at the intermediate point with a roller bearing shell for one end of a pressure plate is provided, the other end of which acts to transmit the crushing stroke on the crushing jaw rocker on the rear side thereof.
  • the pressure plate is designed in the usual way as a safety pressure plate with a weakening point, which represents an overload protection.
  • the intermediate point of attack of the deflection lever at one end of the pressure plate and the point of application of the other end of the pressure plate on the crushing jaw rocker are designed to be displaceable in parallel to change the crushing stroke.
  • corresponding guides can be provided on the deflection lever or on the back of the crushing jaw rocker.
  • This parallel displaceability makes the distance from the swivel shaft of the crushing jaw rocker and thus the crushing stroke adjustable.
  • the throughput can be increased in the case of material that is easy to process due to a larger crushing stroke, and in the case of difficult and particularly hard material by reducing the crushing stroke, an adaptation to this particularly difficult to process crushed material.
  • the distance between the intermediate point, ie the point of force introduction into the pressure plate, from its point of application on the crushing jaw rocker is also adjustable. This can be done by printing plates of different lengths. However, the possibility of inserting spacer plates is particularly useful. In this way, the deflection point can be varied and the gap width in the crushing chamber can be adjusted.
  • springs supported on the housing act on the crushing jaw rocker in the direction of its return stroke.
  • all parts of the force application are constantly held together under spring force without having to be mechanically connected to one another. This simplifies the construction.
  • the crushing bar chain conveyor is elastically pre-tensioned in the conveying direction via one of its deflection drums. This can be done via disc spring assemblies and spindles or hydraulically. This ensures that the chain conveyor is not damaged during the crushing stroke by the large forces acting on it via the crushing bars. In the anvil, the chains should expediently run in profile rails and thus be protected.
  • the crushing chamber 20 between the crushing jaw rocker 10 and anvil 12 tapers in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 22 starting from the inlet mouth 24 to the outlet gap in a wedge shape.
  • High above the inlet mouth 24 and in the conveying direction in front of it is the swivel shaft 26 of the crushing jaw rocker 10 which is transverse to the conveying direction.
  • the pivot shaft bearing of the crushing jaw rocker 10 on the housing 14 is a maintenance-free rolling bearing with limit plates.
  • the side parts 18 are also connected by a cross strut 28.
  • the crushing jaw rocker 10 runs obliquely downwards at an angle of approximately 30 ° with respect to the horizontal.
  • the rocker body of the crushing jaw rocker 10 consists of a ribbed steel plate.
  • the actual crushing jaw 30, facing the crushing chamber 20, is interchangeably clamped on the rocker body.
  • the side parts 18 of the housing 14 are still connected in the space between the rear wall 16 and the rear side of the crushing jaw rocker 10 by a flat support plate 32, an L-shaped support bracket 34 in cross section, and a solid crossbeam 36.
  • the support plate 32 and the support bracket 34 are arranged in this way that their support surfaces to the jaw rocker 10 are approximately parallel. They serve to support helical springs 38 on the housing 14, which are connected to the crushing jaw rocker arm 10 via tie rods 40. In this way, the crushing jaw rocker 10 is acted upon by the coil springs 38 via the tie rods 40 in the direction of the rear wall 16 in order to enlarge the crushing chamber 20.
  • the actual crushing stroke of the crushing jaws Swing arm 10 thus takes place against the action of the coil springs 38, while the return stroke is supported by the coil springs.
  • the coil springs 38 serve to keep all parts of the drive in constant contact with one another.
  • the drive of the crushing jaw rocker 10 consists in a conventional manner of a drive motor 42, flywheels 44 arranged outside the side parts and an eccentric shaft 46.
  • the entire drive unit made up of these parts is firmly built onto the top rear wall 16 of the jaw crusher.
  • a connecting rod 48 is connected to the eccentric shaft 46 and converts the eccentric orbital movement into a reciprocating stroke movement of a connecting rod 50 parallel to the eccentric shaft 46 (cut in FIG. 1).
  • the eccentric shaft 46 and connecting rod 48 are supported in spherical rollers.
  • a deflection lever 52 is provided which engages via a push rod 54 on the pressure side of the jaw jaw rocker 10.
  • the push rod 54 or its line of action, the connecting line of the geometric axes of the eccentric shaft 46 and the connecting rod 50, the tie rods 40, and the axis of the crossbar 36, which is rectangular in cross section, are all approximately parallel to one another and perpendicular to the tangent of contact of the crushing jaw rocker 10 in the crushing chamber 20 broken material indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the deflecting lever 52 is supported on the housing 14 at its upper end on the left in FIG. 1 via a small push rod 56 and a fork 58 which grips around the large side surfaces of the crossbar 36.
  • the lever 52 is provided at its upper left end with a support bearing shell 60, which is the lower end of the engages small push rod 56.
  • the reversing lever 52 which has the special shape shown in the figure, furthermore has a guide 64 at an intermediate point lying with respect to the direction of action explained above between the housing support in the support bearing shell 60 and the drive connection in the force introduction shell 62, which is a parallel to this Guide 66 on the back of the jaw jaw 10 corresponds.
  • the parallel guides 64 and 66 are of course transverse to the direction of action.
  • Rolling bearing shells 68, 69 in which the push rod 54 is set, are provided in the guides 64 and 66.
  • the push rod 54 is provided with a weak point as overload protection in the manner shown.
  • roller bearings on the support bearing shell 60, the force transmission shell 62 or on the roller bearing shells 68, 69 are maintenance-free. All parts are also clamped in the manner explained above by the tie rods, which are formed by the coil springs 38 and the tie rods 40 acting on the jaw rocker 10. It is obvious that the bell crank system with the pre-assembled Bearing cups can also be installed as a unit.
  • the base of the jaw crusher (corresponding to the end wall in the conventional design) has the anvil 12 as a crushing resistance plate. This is designed in a correspondingly stable construction, as can be seen in the figure.
  • the anvil 12 is covered on its top with wear plates and also has profile rails 70 lying in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 22, in which the actual chains of the chain conveyor are guided in a protected manner.
  • Part of the anvil 12 are also the break bars 72, each of which is connected at one end to one of the two chains of the chain conveyor 22.
  • the crushing bars 72 are shown in FIG. 1 with a cross section in the form of an equilateral triangle. However, it is obvious that the cross-sectional shape of the crushing bars can be adapted to the material to be crushed. The same also applies to the number of crushing bars 72 connected to the chains.
  • the crushing bars 72 are easily exchangeably connected to the chain conveyor 22 and can be arranged in any number.
  • the inlet mouth 24 of the jaw crusher is preceded by a correspondingly long feed trough 74, of which FIG. 2 shows only the end on the crusher mouth side. It is obvious that the crushing bar chain conveyor 22 also extends over the entire length of the feed trough 74 and serves as a kind of scraper floor for feeding the crushed material to the jaw crusher.
  • the chain conveyor is not only guided to the end of the crushing jaw rocker 10 that is furthest away from the pivot shaft 26.
  • the crushing bar chain conveyor 22 must also discharge the material from the crushing chamber 20 to the left and transport it until it is discharged.
  • the chain conveyor 22 is therefore also in the conveying direction extends beyond the crushing chamber 20 to its discharge end 76, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the laterally lying two chains of the chain conveyor 22 are guided at both ends via deflection drums 75.
  • the deflection drums 75 consist of a drum with sprockets on the side of the two drum ends, over which the chains are guided. These sprockets are conveniently moved to the side parts.
  • the deflection drum 75 is movably arranged at the discharge end 76 in the conveying direction, that is to say in the horizontal direction, and is elastically prestressed. This does not constitute an obstacle to the material discharge at the discharge end 76 because the corresponding horizontally movable sliding bearings 78 and the corresponding spring assemblies 80 can also be accommodated in the side parts.
  • the spring assembly 80 can be a plate spring assembly. Instead of this, hydraulic preloading is of course also possible.
  • the decisive factor is that due to the elasticity of the chain conveyor 22, on the one hand, it is kept constantly taut, but on the other hand, under the force of the crushing stroke over the material to be crushed and the crushing bars 72 on the chain conveyor 22, it can also evade if necessary and thus always remain undamaged and ready for operation.
  • the drive of the chain conveyor 22 is not shown in the figure.
  • the chain conveyor 22 is expediently driven intermittently, that is to say with incremental indexing. It is particularly expedient to proceed in such a way that the chain conveyor 22 stands still when the crushing jaw rocker 10 exerts the crushing force on the crushed material lying in the crushing chamber 20, which has to be picked up by the anvil 12 and of course also acts on the crushing bars 72 connected to the chain conveyor.
  • the crushed material can also be transported back from the crushing chamber 20 into the feed trough 74 against the conveying direction. To do this, it is only necessary to reverse the electric motor provided for the chain conveyor drive. Blockages, jams and wedging of the material to be crushed in the crushing chamber 20 can therefore be broken down and released mechanically.
  • the end wall forming the anvil 12 is detachably connected to the housing 14 and can, if necessary, be replaced by the customary fixed jaw.
  • a conventional jaw crusher with a vertical crushing chamber and the jaw crusher according to the invention with a horizontal crushing chamber can be realized with one and the same concept.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Broyeur à mâchoires comportant un bâti (14) constitué de deux parties latérales (18) et de deux parois frontales (12, 16) les reliant, une mâchoire de broyage (10) logée de manière à pouvoir pivoter à l'une de ses extrémités, un entraînement à rupture de course agissant sur la face arrière de la mâchoire de broyage (10), qui est opposée au compartiment de broyage (20) et un dispositif de transport (22) placé horizontalement, servant d'enclume pour le broyage par pression du matériau à traiter par la mâchoire de broyage (10), lequel dispositif de transport constitue avec la mâchoire de broyage un compartiment de broyage (20), qui va en se rétrécissant dans la direction d'écoulement du matériau, caractérisé en ce que, le broyeur peut fonctionner au choix avec un compartiment de broyage horizontal (20), un dispositif de transport et des bandes de broyage (72) de section triangulaire ou bien avec une mâchoire de broyage fixe échangée contre l'enclume (12) et le dispositif de transport (22) et un compartiment de broyage vertical (20), pour lequel la paroi frontale constituant l'enclume (12) est reliée amovible au bâti, une mâchoire de broyage fixe pouvant être fixée sur le bâti (14) dans l'échange contre l'enclume (12).
2. Broyeur à mâchoires selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le transporteur à chaîne (22) est actionné par intermittence.
3. Broyeur à mâchoires selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la course de broyage de la coulisse de la mâchoire de broyage (10) a lieu avec un transporteur à chaîne (22) fixe et la course d'avance du transporteur à chaîne a lieu pendant la course de retour de la coulisse de la mâchoire de broyage (10).
4. Broyeur à mâchoires selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la coulisse de la mâchoire de broyage (10) est constituée d'un corps de base de coulisse comportant, pièce d'usure perdue, une mâchoire de broyage (30) échangeable.
5. Broyeur à mâchoires selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'entraînement de la oculisse de la mâchoire de broyage (10), à partir d'une unité d'entraînement usuelle montées sur la paroi supérieure arrière (16), comportant un moteur d'entraînement (42), un arbre d'excentrique (46) et des volants extérieurs (44) s'effectue par l'intermédiaire d'un levier de renvoi (52), qui à l'une de ses extrémités supérieures est accroché, par l'intermédiaire d'une coquille de palier d'appui (60), à une barre transversale (36) du bâti (14), est muni à l'autre de ses extrémités supérieures d'une coquille de palier d'introduction de force (62) pour l'introduction de la force provenant d'une bielle (48) fonctionnant sur l'arbre d'excentrique (46) et est muni en dessous en un point intermédiaire d'une coquille de palier développante (68) pour l'extrémité d'une plaque de pression (54), plaque dont l'autre extrémité agit sur la coulisse de mâchoire de broyage (10) pour la transmission de la course de broyage.
6. Broyeur à mâchoires selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le point intermédiaire d'attaque du levier de renvoi (52) à une extrémité de la plaque de pression (54) et le point d'attaque de l'autre extrméité de celle-ci sur la coulisse de mâchoire de broyage (10) sont translatables, approximativement du moins, en direction de l'arbre de pivot (26) de la coulisse de mâchoire de broyage (10) afin de pouvoir modifier la course de broyage.
7. Broyeur à mâchoires selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre le point intermédiaire sur le levier de renvoi 52) et le point d'attaque de la plaque de pression (54) sur la coulisse de la mâchoire de broyage (10) peut grâce à des plaques d'écartement (67) être réglée en fonction du choix de l'ouverture de broyage.
8. Broyeur à mâchoires selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la coulisse de mâchoire de broyage (10) peut être chargée dans la direction de sa course de retour par la force d'un ressort (38).
9. Broyeur à mâchoires selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le transporteur à chaîne sans fin (22) est précontraint élastiquement dans la direction de transport par l'intermédiaire d'une poulie de renvoi.
10. Broyeur à mâchoires selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les chaînes du transporteur à chaîne (22) fonctionnent protégées dans des rails profilés (70) de l'enclume (12).
EP89101918A 1988-02-05 1989-02-03 Broyeur à mâchoires Expired - Lifetime EP0327104B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89101918T ATE75422T1 (de) 1988-02-05 1989-02-03 Backenbrecher.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3803496A DE3803496C1 (fr) 1988-02-05 1988-02-05
DE3803496 1988-02-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0327104A2 EP0327104A2 (fr) 1989-08-09
EP0327104A3 EP0327104A3 (en) 1989-12-13
EP0327104B1 true EP0327104B1 (fr) 1992-04-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89101918A Expired - Lifetime EP0327104B1 (fr) 1988-02-05 1989-02-03 Broyeur à mâchoires

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4899942A (fr)
EP (1) EP0327104B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01228562A (fr)
AT (1) ATE75422T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1319662C (fr)
DE (1) DE3803496C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2011214T3 (fr)
GR (2) GR890300147T1 (fr)

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GB9707289D0 (en) * 1997-04-10 1997-05-28 Graham Mining Limited Portable crusher
FR2771658A1 (fr) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-04 Alain Lozahic Installation de concassage des poteaux de lignes electriques en beton arme
JP2003053203A (ja) * 2001-08-16 2003-02-25 Komatsu Ltd ジョークラッシャ
US20040050987A1 (en) * 2002-09-17 2004-03-18 Rossi Robert R. Mobile jaw crusher assembly
US6915972B2 (en) * 2002-09-17 2005-07-12 Robert R. Rossi, Jr. Mobile jaw crusher assembly
US6871807B2 (en) * 2002-09-17 2005-03-29 Robert R. Rossi, Jr. Mobile impact crusher assembly
JP3788427B2 (ja) * 2002-12-26 2006-06-21 河 龍干 ジョークラッシャー
GB0306491D0 (en) * 2003-03-21 2003-04-23 Orr William M Jaw crusher
GB0415410D0 (en) * 2004-07-09 2004-08-11 Jones Bill A method of and machine for crushing elongate lengths of reinforced concrete
US7448564B2 (en) * 2005-08-04 2008-11-11 New Dimension Crushers, Llc Portable apparatus for crushing rock and other hard material and related method
WO2009146185A2 (fr) * 2008-04-16 2009-12-03 Apopka Recycling, Inc. Système de concasseur à mâchoires et cylindre et procédé
CA2737492C (fr) * 2008-09-17 2013-10-22 Flsmidth Rahco Inc. Poste de broyage mobile
FI125852B (fi) * 2011-01-17 2016-03-15 Metso Minerals Inc Säätölaite, säätöjärjestelmä, murskain, murskauslaitos ja menetelmä murskaimen säätämiseksi
US9050599B2 (en) * 2011-02-28 2015-06-09 Gary M Livermore Portable crushing apparatus
CN103551234B (zh) * 2013-10-30 2015-05-20 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种市政生活垃圾压榨破碎风选系统
CN104014386B (zh) * 2014-06-16 2016-05-11 无锡商业职业技术学院 双向磨剥式碎矿机
US9662655B2 (en) * 2015-06-09 2017-05-30 John A. Iafrate System and method to minimize fine material produced during crushing of frangible material
CN110339894B (zh) * 2019-06-20 2024-02-13 浙江神霸矿山机械有限公司 一种恒粒度除尘带减振功能的定量颚式破碎机及其方法
CN112808356B (zh) * 2021-01-28 2022-11-04 浙江华晟金属制品有限公司 一种用于稀土开采的石材破碎装置

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2011214T3 (es) 1992-12-01
DE3803496C1 (fr) 1989-06-01
GR3004566T3 (fr) 1993-04-28
US4899942A (en) 1990-02-13
JPH01228562A (ja) 1989-09-12
EP0327104A3 (en) 1989-12-13
GR890300147T1 (en) 1990-03-14
CA1319662C (fr) 1993-06-29
EP0327104A2 (fr) 1989-08-09
ATE75422T1 (de) 1992-05-15
ES2011214A4 (es) 1990-01-01

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