EP0313888B2 - Verfahren zum Härten von Werkstücken aus Stahl - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Härten von Werkstücken aus Stahl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0313888B2
EP0313888B2 EP88116477A EP88116477A EP0313888B2 EP 0313888 B2 EP0313888 B2 EP 0313888B2 EP 88116477 A EP88116477 A EP 88116477A EP 88116477 A EP88116477 A EP 88116477A EP 0313888 B2 EP0313888 B2 EP 0313888B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling gas
helium
mpa
hydrogen
quenching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88116477A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0313888B1 (de
EP0313888A1 (de
Inventor
Paul Dipl.-Ing. Heilmann
Friedrich Dipl.Phys.Dr. Preisser
Rolf Schuster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6339263&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0313888(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH filed Critical ALD Vacuum Technologies GmbH
Priority to AT88116477T priority Critical patent/ATE65801T1/de
Publication of EP0313888A1 publication Critical patent/EP0313888A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0313888B1 publication Critical patent/EP0313888B1/de
Publication of EP0313888B2 publication Critical patent/EP0313888B2/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hardening workpieces made of steel in a vacuum oven by heating the workpieces and then quenching in a cooling gas Overpressure and cooling gas circulation.
  • This object is achieved in that helium, hydrogen, mixtures of helium and hydrogen or mixtures of helium and / or water inert gas are used as cooling gas in that the cooling gas pressure "p" in the furnace is set to values between 1 and 4 MPa during quenching , and that the cooling gas velocity "v" is chosen so that the product p ⁇ v is between 10 and 250 m ⁇ MPa ⁇ sec -1 .
  • cooling gas Helium or helium mixtures with up to 30 vol% Hydrogen and / or inert gases.
  • the cooling gas velocity "V" refers to the outlet from the cooling gas distribution pipes.
  • the steel parts are heated in a vacuum oven customary for this purpose.
  • the furnace is advantageously flooded with the helium or hydrogen gas at the start of the heating at about 2 MPa pressure and the gas is circulated with a fan.
  • This has the advantage that the heat is transferred to the steel parts not by radiation but by convection, which results in a uniform heating of the batch and a considerable reduction in the heating time.
  • the gas is removed from the oven and further heated under vacuum. In this temperature range, the radiation heating is very effective and a protective gas for heating the batches is not necessary.
  • the furnace is flooded with cold cooling gas up to 4 MPa overpressure to cool the batch.
  • the cooling gas is circulated with the aid of a fan, cooled down via a heat exchanger after leaving the furnace interior and fed back to the batch. This circulation continues until the batch has cooled.
  • the gas velocity is adjusted with the help of the fan so that the product pv between 10 and 250 mMPa sec -1 .
  • a component with a diameter of approx. 10 mm made of the low alloy steel 100 Cr6 is heated in a vacuum furnace to the austenitizing temperature of approx. 850 ° C. After this temperature has been reached, the furnace is flooded with helium to an excess pressure of 1.6 MPa, the sample being cooled to 400 ° C. in 16 seconds at a gas velocity of 65 m.sec -1 , which corresponds to the cooling rate in an oil bath .
  • a martensitic structure with a hardness of 64 HRC is obtained.
  • the steel 100 6Cr cannot be hardened with the gas quenching processes known to date.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
EP88116477A 1987-10-28 1988-10-05 Verfahren zum Härten von Werkstücken aus Stahl Expired - Lifetime EP0313888B2 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88116477T ATE65801T1 (de) 1987-10-28 1988-10-05 Verfahren zur waermebehandlung metallischer werkstuecke.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3736501 1987-10-28
DE3736501A DE3736501C1 (de) 1987-10-28 1987-10-28 Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0313888A1 EP0313888A1 (de) 1989-05-03
EP0313888B1 EP0313888B1 (de) 1991-07-31
EP0313888B2 true EP0313888B2 (de) 1998-06-17

Family

ID=6339263

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88116477A Expired - Lifetime EP0313888B2 (de) 1987-10-28 1988-10-05 Verfahren zum Härten von Werkstücken aus Stahl

Country Status (28)

Country Link
US (1) US4867808A (zh)
EP (1) EP0313888B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP3068135B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1015066B (zh)
AT (1) ATE65801T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU606473B2 (zh)
BG (1) BG49828A3 (zh)
BR (1) BR8805492A (zh)
CA (1) CA1308631C (zh)
CS (1) CS274632B2 (zh)
DD (1) DD283421A5 (zh)
DE (2) DE3736501C1 (zh)
DK (1) DK167497B1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2023993T5 (zh)
FI (1) FI86560C (zh)
HR (1) HRP920581B1 (zh)
HU (1) HU204102B (zh)
IL (1) IL87762A (zh)
MX (1) MX169690B (zh)
NO (1) NO169244C (zh)
PL (1) PL159767B1 (zh)
PT (1) PT88896A (zh)
RO (1) RO110067B1 (zh)
RU (1) RU1813104C (zh)
SI (1) SI8811937A8 (zh)
UA (1) UA13002A (zh)
YU (1) YU46574B (zh)
ZA (1) ZA886853B (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10044362A1 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-04-04 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl
US6776854B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2004-08-17 Vacuheat Gmbh Process and apparatus for the partial thermochemical vacuum treatment of metallic workpieces

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DE3819803C1 (zh) * 1988-06-10 1989-12-14 Ulrich 5810 Witten De Wingens
DE3828134A1 (de) * 1988-08-18 1990-02-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von werkstuecken
FR2660669B1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1992-06-19 Air Liquide Procede et installation de traitement thermique d'objets avec trempe en milieux gazeux.
FR2660744B1 (fr) * 1990-04-04 1994-03-11 Air Liquide Four a cloches.
US5173124A (en) * 1990-06-18 1992-12-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Rapid gas quenching process
DE4100989A1 (de) * 1991-01-15 1992-07-16 Linde Ag Verfahren zur waermebehandlung in vakuumoefen
DE4132712C2 (de) * 1991-10-01 1995-06-29 Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh Vakuumofen zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke
DE4208485C2 (de) * 1992-03-17 1997-09-04 Wuenning Joachim Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken metallischer Werkstücke
US5478985A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-12-26 Surface Combustion, Inc. Heat treat furnace with multi-bar high convective gas quench
DE4419332A1 (de) * 1994-06-02 1995-12-14 Wuenning Joachim Industriebrenner mit geringer NO¶x¶-Emission
US5524020A (en) * 1994-08-23 1996-06-04 Grier-Jhawar-Mercer, Inc. Vacuum furnace with movable hot zone
AT405190B (de) * 1996-03-29 1999-06-25 Ald Aichelin Ges M B H Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmebehandlung metallischer werkstücke
ATE245710T1 (de) * 1996-04-26 2003-08-15 Nippon Steel Corp Primärkühlverfahren für das kontinuierliche glühen von stahlbändern
DE19709957A1 (de) * 1997-03-11 1998-09-17 Linde Ag Verfahren zur Gasabschreckung metallischer Werkstücke nach Wärmebehandlungen
US5934871A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-08-10 Murphy; Donald G. Method and apparatus for supplying a anti-oxidizing gas to and simultaneously cooling a shaft and a fan in a heat treatment chamber
FR2779218B1 (fr) * 1998-05-29 2000-08-11 Etudes Const Mecaniques Cellule de trempe sous gaz
DE19824574A1 (de) * 1998-06-02 1999-12-09 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effektiven Abkühlung von Behandlungsgut
DE19920297A1 (de) * 1999-05-03 2000-11-09 Linde Tech Gase Gmbh Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke
DE59903032D1 (de) 1999-09-24 2002-11-14 Ipsen Int Gmbh Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke
FR2801059B1 (fr) * 1999-11-17 2002-01-25 Etudes Const Mecaniques Procede de trempe apres cementation a basse pression
DE10030046C1 (de) 2000-06-19 2001-09-13 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen der Abkühlwirkung einer strömenden Gasatmosphäre auf Werkstücke
US20020104589A1 (en) * 2000-12-04 2002-08-08 Van Den Sype Jaak Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace
DE10108057A1 (de) * 2001-02-20 2002-08-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Abschrecken von metallischen Werkstücken
FR2835907B1 (fr) * 2002-02-12 2004-09-17 Air Liquide Installation de trempe par gaz et procede de trempe correspondant
US20060086442A1 (en) * 2002-03-25 2006-04-27 Hirohisa Taniguchi Hot gas quenching devices, and hot gas heat treating system
WO2005123970A1 (en) * 2004-06-15 2005-12-29 Narasimhan Gopinath A process and device for hardening metal parts
PL202005B1 (pl) * 2004-11-19 2009-05-29 Politechnika & Lstrok Odzka In Urządzenie do hartowania z zamkniętym obiegiem wodoru
DE102005045783A1 (de) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Sistem Teknik Endustriyel Elektronik Sistemler Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd. Sirketi Einkammer-Vakuumofen mit Wasserstoffabschreckung
CN101880760A (zh) * 2010-07-09 2010-11-10 中国第一汽车集团公司 大型压铸模具的真空等温热处理工艺
US9995481B2 (en) 2011-12-20 2018-06-12 Eclipse, Inc. Method and apparatus for a dual mode burner yielding low NOx emission
CN105695716A (zh) * 2016-01-29 2016-06-22 柳州市安龙机械设备有限公司 硬质合金刀具的热处理方法

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DE1132171B (de) * 1960-06-24 1962-06-28 Heraeus Gmbh W C Verfahren zum Gluehen, Schmelzen oder Giessen von Metallen in einem unter Vakuum stehenden Behaelter und Abkuehlen mittels Schutzgas, sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrungdieses Verfahrens
DE1919493C3 (de) * 1969-04-17 1980-05-08 Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve Atmosphären-Vakuumofen
US4030712A (en) * 1975-02-05 1977-06-21 Alco Standard Corporation Method and apparatus for circulating a heat treating gas
US4167426A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-09-11 Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. Method for annealing silicon steel
DE2839807C2 (de) * 1978-09-13 1986-04-17 Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Vakuumofen mit Gaskühleinrichtung
DE2844843C2 (de) * 1978-10-14 1985-09-12 Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve Industrieofen zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke
US4302256A (en) * 1979-11-16 1981-11-24 Chromalloy American Corporation Method of improving mechanical properties of alloy parts
GB2052030B (en) * 1980-04-28 1984-02-08 Gen Electric Construction of special atmosphere furnace
JPS58147514A (ja) * 1982-02-24 1983-09-02 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ガス冷却熱処理法
US4462577A (en) * 1982-12-16 1984-07-31 C.I. Hayes Inc. Apparatus for gas cooling work parts under high pressure in a continuous heat treating vacuum furnace
AT395321B (de) * 1983-07-05 1992-11-25 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum abkuehlen von chargen in diskontinuierlich arbeitenden industrieoefen, insbesondere von stahldraht- oder - bandbunden in haubengluehoefen
JPS60187620A (ja) * 1984-03-06 1985-09-25 Daido Steel Co Ltd 真空炉
DE3416902A1 (de) * 1984-05-08 1985-11-14 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden Verfahren und vakuumofen zur waermebehandlung einer charge
JPS60262913A (ja) * 1984-06-11 1985-12-26 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 強制対流冷却のガス導入方法
DE3736502C1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Vakuumofen zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10044362A1 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-04-04 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl
DE10044362C2 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-09-12 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl
US6776854B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2004-08-17 Vacuheat Gmbh Process and apparatus for the partial thermochemical vacuum treatment of metallic workpieces

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BG49828A3 (en) 1992-02-14
ES2023993B3 (es) 1992-02-16
FI86560B (fi) 1992-05-29
ES2023993T5 (es) 1998-08-01
FI86560C (fi) 1992-09-10
FI884513A (fi) 1989-04-29
HU204102B (en) 1991-11-28
YU46574B (sh) 1993-11-16
RU1813104C (ru) 1993-04-30
HUT49651A (en) 1989-10-30
RO110067B1 (ro) 1995-09-29
PT88896A (pt) 1989-09-14
CS711188A2 (en) 1990-10-12
AU606473B2 (en) 1991-02-07
CA1308631C (en) 1992-10-13
JP3068135B2 (ja) 2000-07-24
DK596588A (da) 1989-04-29
CS274632B2 (en) 1991-09-15
ZA886853B (en) 1989-05-30
IL87762A0 (en) 1989-02-28
PL159767B1 (pl) 1993-01-29
CN1015066B (zh) 1991-12-11
US4867808B1 (zh) 1994-02-22
SI8811937A8 (en) 1997-06-30
ATE65801T1 (de) 1991-08-15
EP0313888B1 (de) 1991-07-31
NO169244B (no) 1992-02-17
NO169244C (no) 1992-05-27
DK167497B1 (da) 1993-11-08
HRP920581B1 (en) 1997-10-31
US4867808A (en) 1989-09-19
DK596588D0 (da) 1988-10-27
CN1033841A (zh) 1989-07-12
PL275471A1 (en) 1989-05-02
DE3736501C1 (de) 1988-06-09
YU193788A (en) 1990-04-30
NO884389D0 (no) 1988-10-04
DD283421A5 (de) 1990-10-10
NO884389L (no) 1989-05-02
JPH01149920A (ja) 1989-06-13
UA13002A (uk) 1997-02-28
FI884513A0 (fi) 1988-09-30
IL87762A (en) 1993-01-31
HRP920581A2 (hr) 1995-02-28
EP0313888A1 (de) 1989-05-03
MX169690B (es) 1993-07-19
BR8805492A (pt) 1989-07-04
AU2440488A (en) 1989-05-04
DE3864007D1 (de) 1991-09-05

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