EP0313888B2 - Méthode pour le dureissement de pièces d'acier - Google Patents
Méthode pour le dureissement de pièces d'acier Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0313888B2 EP0313888B2 EP88116477A EP88116477A EP0313888B2 EP 0313888 B2 EP0313888 B2 EP 0313888B2 EP 88116477 A EP88116477 A EP 88116477A EP 88116477 A EP88116477 A EP 88116477A EP 0313888 B2 EP0313888 B2 EP 0313888B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling gas
- helium
- mpa
- hydrogen
- quenching
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for hardening workpieces made of steel in a vacuum oven by heating the workpieces and then quenching in a cooling gas Overpressure and cooling gas circulation.
- This object is achieved in that helium, hydrogen, mixtures of helium and hydrogen or mixtures of helium and / or water inert gas are used as cooling gas in that the cooling gas pressure "p" in the furnace is set to values between 1 and 4 MPa during quenching , and that the cooling gas velocity "v" is chosen so that the product p ⁇ v is between 10 and 250 m ⁇ MPa ⁇ sec -1 .
- cooling gas Helium or helium mixtures with up to 30 vol% Hydrogen and / or inert gases.
- the cooling gas velocity "V" refers to the outlet from the cooling gas distribution pipes.
- the steel parts are heated in a vacuum oven customary for this purpose.
- the furnace is advantageously flooded with the helium or hydrogen gas at the start of the heating at about 2 MPa pressure and the gas is circulated with a fan.
- This has the advantage that the heat is transferred to the steel parts not by radiation but by convection, which results in a uniform heating of the batch and a considerable reduction in the heating time.
- the gas is removed from the oven and further heated under vacuum. In this temperature range, the radiation heating is very effective and a protective gas for heating the batches is not necessary.
- the furnace is flooded with cold cooling gas up to 4 MPa overpressure to cool the batch.
- the cooling gas is circulated with the aid of a fan, cooled down via a heat exchanger after leaving the furnace interior and fed back to the batch. This circulation continues until the batch has cooled.
- the gas velocity is adjusted with the help of the fan so that the product pv between 10 and 250 mMPa sec -1 .
- a component with a diameter of approx. 10 mm made of the low alloy steel 100 Cr6 is heated in a vacuum furnace to the austenitizing temperature of approx. 850 ° C. After this temperature has been reached, the furnace is flooded with helium to an excess pressure of 1.6 MPa, the sample being cooled to 400 ° C. in 16 seconds at a gas velocity of 65 m.sec -1 , which corresponds to the cooling rate in an oil bath .
- a martensitic structure with a hardness of 64 HRC is obtained.
- the steel 100 6Cr cannot be hardened with the gas quenching processes known to date.
Claims (4)
- Procédé de durcissement de pièces en acier dans un four sous vide par chauffage des pièces et ensuite trempe par un gaz de refroidissement sous pression et circulation du gaz de refroidissement,
caractérisé en ce qu'
on utilise comme gaz de refroidissement de l'hélium, de l'hydrogène, des mélanges d'hélium et d'hydrogène, des mélanges d'hélium et/ou d'hydrogène avec jusqu'à 30 % en volume de gaz inerte, qu'on règle la pression du gaz de refroidissement "p" dans le four lors de la trempe à des valeurs comprises entre 1 et 4 MPa, et qu'on choisit la vitesse du gaz de refroidissement "v" , de telle manière que le produit p.v se trouve entre 10 et 250 m.MPa.sec-. - Procédé selon la revendication 1,
caractérisé en ce qu'
on utilise comme gaz de refroidissement de l'hélium ou des mélanges d'hélium avec jusqu'à 30 % en volume d'hydrogène et/ou de gaz inertes. - Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
caractérisé en ce qu'
on établit dans le four lors de la trempe une pression de gaz de refroidissement comprise entre 1,4 et 3,0 MPa. - Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 3,
caractérisé en ce qu'
on réalise le recyclage du gaz de refroidissement avec un ventilateur.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88116477T ATE65801T1 (de) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-10-05 | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung metallischer werkstuecke. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3736501A DE3736501C1 (de) | 1987-10-28 | 1987-10-28 | Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke |
DE3736501 | 1987-10-28 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0313888A1 EP0313888A1 (fr) | 1989-05-03 |
EP0313888B1 EP0313888B1 (fr) | 1991-07-31 |
EP0313888B2 true EP0313888B2 (fr) | 1998-06-17 |
Family
ID=6339263
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88116477A Expired - Lifetime EP0313888B2 (fr) | 1987-10-28 | 1988-10-05 | Méthode pour le dureissement de pièces d'acier |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4867808A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0313888B2 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3068135B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1015066B (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE65801T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU606473B2 (fr) |
BG (1) | BG49828A3 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR8805492A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1308631C (fr) |
CS (1) | CS274632B2 (fr) |
DD (1) | DD283421A5 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3736501C1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK167497B1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2023993T5 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI86560C (fr) |
HR (1) | HRP920581B1 (fr) |
HU (1) | HU204102B (fr) |
IL (1) | IL87762A (fr) |
MX (1) | MX169690B (fr) |
NO (1) | NO169244C (fr) |
PL (1) | PL159767B1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT88896A (fr) |
RO (1) | RO110067B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU1813104C (fr) |
SI (1) | SI8811937A8 (fr) |
UA (1) | UA13002A (fr) |
YU (1) | YU46574B (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA886853B (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10044362A1 (de) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-04-04 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl |
US6776854B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2004-08-17 | Vacuheat Gmbh | Process and apparatus for the partial thermochemical vacuum treatment of metallic workpieces |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3819803C1 (fr) * | 1988-06-10 | 1989-12-14 | Ulrich 5810 Witten De Wingens | |
DE3828134A1 (de) * | 1988-08-18 | 1990-02-22 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von werkstuecken |
FR2660744B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-04 | 1994-03-11 | Air Liquide | Four a cloches. |
FR2660669B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-04 | 1992-06-19 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de traitement thermique d'objets avec trempe en milieux gazeux. |
US5173124A (en) * | 1990-06-18 | 1992-12-22 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Rapid gas quenching process |
DE4100989A1 (de) * | 1991-01-15 | 1992-07-16 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung in vakuumoefen |
DE4132712C2 (de) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-06-29 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | Vakuumofen zur Plasmaaufkohlung metallischer Werkstücke |
DE4208485C2 (de) * | 1992-03-17 | 1997-09-04 | Wuenning Joachim | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken metallischer Werkstücke |
US5478985A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-12-26 | Surface Combustion, Inc. | Heat treat furnace with multi-bar high convective gas quench |
DE4419332A1 (de) * | 1994-06-02 | 1995-12-14 | Wuenning Joachim | Industriebrenner mit geringer NO¶x¶-Emission |
US5524020A (en) * | 1994-08-23 | 1996-06-04 | Grier-Jhawar-Mercer, Inc. | Vacuum furnace with movable hot zone |
AT405190B (de) * | 1996-03-29 | 1999-06-25 | Ald Aichelin Ges M B H | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmebehandlung metallischer werkstücke |
ATE245710T1 (de) * | 1996-04-26 | 2003-08-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Primärkühlverfahren für das kontinuierliche glühen von stahlbändern |
DE19709957A1 (de) * | 1997-03-11 | 1998-09-17 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur Gasabschreckung metallischer Werkstücke nach Wärmebehandlungen |
US5934871A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-08-10 | Murphy; Donald G. | Method and apparatus for supplying a anti-oxidizing gas to and simultaneously cooling a shaft and a fan in a heat treatment chamber |
FR2779218B1 (fr) * | 1998-05-29 | 2000-08-11 | Etudes Const Mecaniques | Cellule de trempe sous gaz |
DE19824574A1 (de) * | 1998-06-02 | 1999-12-09 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur effektiven Abkühlung von Behandlungsgut |
DE19920297A1 (de) * | 1999-05-03 | 2000-11-09 | Linde Tech Gase Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke |
EP1088901B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-24 | 2002-10-09 | Ipsen International GmbH | Procédé pour le traitement thermique de pièces métalliques |
FR2801059B1 (fr) * | 1999-11-17 | 2002-01-25 | Etudes Const Mecaniques | Procede de trempe apres cementation a basse pression |
DE10030046C1 (de) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-09-13 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen der Abkühlwirkung einer strömenden Gasatmosphäre auf Werkstücke |
US20020104589A1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-08-08 | Van Den Sype Jaak | Process and apparatus for high pressure gas quenching in an atmospheric furnace |
DE10108057A1 (de) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-22 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Abschrecken von metallischen Werkstücken |
FR2835907B1 (fr) * | 2002-02-12 | 2004-09-17 | Air Liquide | Installation de trempe par gaz et procede de trempe correspondant |
KR100591355B1 (ko) * | 2002-03-25 | 2006-06-19 | 히로히사 타니구치 | 핫가스 담금질 장치 및 핫가스 열처리방법 |
WO2005123970A1 (fr) * | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-29 | Narasimhan Gopinath | Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement de pièces métalliques |
PL202005B1 (pl) * | 2004-11-19 | 2009-05-29 | Politechnika & Lstrok Odzka In | Urządzenie do hartowania z zamkniętym obiegiem wodoru |
DE102005045783A1 (de) * | 2005-09-23 | 2007-03-29 | Sistem Teknik Endustriyel Elektronik Sistemler Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd. Sirketi | Einkammer-Vakuumofen mit Wasserstoffabschreckung |
CN101880760A (zh) * | 2010-07-09 | 2010-11-10 | 中国第一汽车集团公司 | 大型压铸模具的真空等温热处理工艺 |
US9995481B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 | 2018-06-12 | Eclipse, Inc. | Method and apparatus for a dual mode burner yielding low NOx emission |
CN105695716A (zh) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-06-22 | 柳州市安龙机械设备有限公司 | 硬质合金刀具的热处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1132171B (de) * | 1960-06-24 | 1962-06-28 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Verfahren zum Gluehen, Schmelzen oder Giessen von Metallen in einem unter Vakuum stehenden Behaelter und Abkuehlen mittels Schutzgas, sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrungdieses Verfahrens |
DE1919493C3 (de) * | 1969-04-17 | 1980-05-08 | Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve | Atmosphären-Vakuumofen |
US4030712A (en) * | 1975-02-05 | 1977-06-21 | Alco Standard Corporation | Method and apparatus for circulating a heat treating gas |
US4167426A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1979-09-11 | Allegheny Ludlum Industries, Inc. | Method for annealing silicon steel |
DE2839807C2 (de) * | 1978-09-13 | 1986-04-17 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Vakuumofen mit Gaskühleinrichtung |
DE2844843C2 (de) * | 1978-10-14 | 1985-09-12 | Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve | Industrieofen zur Wärmebehandlung metallischer Werkstücke |
US4302256A (en) * | 1979-11-16 | 1981-11-24 | Chromalloy American Corporation | Method of improving mechanical properties of alloy parts |
GB2052030B (en) * | 1980-04-28 | 1984-02-08 | Gen Electric | Construction of special atmosphere furnace |
JPS58147514A (ja) * | 1982-02-24 | 1983-09-02 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | ガス冷却熱処理法 |
US4462577A (en) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-07-31 | C.I. Hayes Inc. | Apparatus for gas cooling work parts under high pressure in a continuous heat treating vacuum furnace |
AT395321B (de) * | 1983-07-05 | 1992-11-25 | Ebner Ind Ofenbau | Verfahren zum abkuehlen von chargen in diskontinuierlich arbeitenden industrieoefen, insbesondere von stahldraht- oder - bandbunden in haubengluehoefen |
JPS60187620A (ja) * | 1984-03-06 | 1985-09-25 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 真空炉 |
DE3416902A1 (de) * | 1984-05-08 | 1985-11-14 | Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden | Verfahren und vakuumofen zur waermebehandlung einer charge |
JPS60262913A (ja) * | 1984-06-11 | 1985-12-26 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 強制対流冷却のガス導入方法 |
DE3736502C1 (de) * | 1987-10-28 | 1988-06-09 | Degussa | Vakuumofen zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke |
-
1987
- 1987-10-28 DE DE3736501A patent/DE3736501C1/de not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-09-14 ZA ZA886853A patent/ZA886853B/xx unknown
- 1988-09-15 IL IL87762A patent/IL87762A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-09-30 FI FI884513A patent/FI86560C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-04 NO NO884389A patent/NO169244C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-05 DE DE8888116477T patent/DE3864007D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-05 ES ES88116477T patent/ES2023993T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-05 EP EP88116477A patent/EP0313888B2/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-05 AT AT88116477T patent/ATE65801T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-17 BG BG85722A patent/BG49828A3/xx unknown
- 1988-10-17 MX MX013445A patent/MX169690B/es unknown
- 1988-10-17 SI SI8811937A patent/SI8811937A8/sl unknown
- 1988-10-17 YU YU193788A patent/YU46574B/sh unknown
- 1988-10-25 PL PL1988275471A patent/PL159767B1/pl unknown
- 1988-10-25 RO RO135630A patent/RO110067B1/ro unknown
- 1988-10-25 BR BR8805492A patent/BR8805492A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-25 US US07/261,927 patent/US4867808A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-25 JP JP63267341A patent/JP3068135B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-26 DD DD88321108A patent/DD283421A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-26 CN CN88108740A patent/CN1015066B/zh not_active Expired
- 1988-10-26 RU SU884356709A patent/RU1813104C/ru active
- 1988-10-26 UA UA4356709A patent/UA13002A/uk unknown
- 1988-10-27 CA CA000581505A patent/CA1308631C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-27 AU AU24404/88A patent/AU606473B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-10-27 CS CS711188A patent/CS274632B2/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-27 DK DK596588A patent/DK167497B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-27 HU HU885614A patent/HU204102B/hu unknown
- 1988-10-28 PT PT88896A patent/PT88896A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1992
- 1992-09-29 HR HRP-1937/88A patent/HRP920581B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10044362A1 (de) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-04-04 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl |
DE10044362C2 (de) * | 2000-09-08 | 2002-09-12 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl |
US6776854B2 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2004-08-17 | Vacuheat Gmbh | Process and apparatus for the partial thermochemical vacuum treatment of metallic workpieces |
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