EP0232760B1 - Haut-parleur à bande de fréquence large avec surface de membrane divisée en plusieures parties correspondant à plusieures bandes de fréquences - Google Patents

Haut-parleur à bande de fréquence large avec surface de membrane divisée en plusieures parties correspondant à plusieures bandes de fréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0232760B1
EP0232760B1 EP87100806A EP87100806A EP0232760B1 EP 0232760 B1 EP0232760 B1 EP 0232760B1 EP 87100806 A EP87100806 A EP 87100806A EP 87100806 A EP87100806 A EP 87100806A EP 0232760 B1 EP0232760 B1 EP 0232760B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
diaphragm part
moving
dependently
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87100806A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0232760A2 (fr
EP0232760A3 (en
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Pfleiderer
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Pfleiderer Peter Dipl-Ing
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0232760A2 publication Critical patent/EP0232760A2/fr
Publication of EP0232760A3 publication Critical patent/EP0232760A3/de
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Publication of EP0232760B1 publication Critical patent/EP0232760B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/122—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/125—Non-planar diaphragms or cones comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising a plurality of superposed layers in contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • All electrodynamic loudspeakers are mechanical vibration systems, which are characterized by their own values such as spring constant, mass and damping, and whose membranes are powered by the current of an amplifier e.g. are forced to vibrate with the help of a voice coil.
  • the fundamental errors in the amplitude and phase frequency response resulting from this design principle of the electrodynamic converter can be, in particular, with the method and the circuit arrangement for the equalization of electrodynamic electroacoustic transducers according to DE-B-34 18 047 can be prevented.
  • broadband loudspeakers in the high frequency range have undesirable directivity effects in the sound radiation due to the size of the diaphragm area required for low or bass radiation playback quality is affected by a high level of distortion.
  • the flat, flat membrane disks, in which the force is applied perpendicular to the membrane surface, are particularly unfavorable for broadband sound radiation (FIG. 1a).
  • the manner in which the force is applied also generates bending vibrations, the energy of which is largely distributed over the entire membrane surface and, in addition to the fundamental vibration, also always adds a part of the noise to the overall sound radiation.
  • the normal force stress on flat membranes is usually very small (Fig. 1b, 1c).
  • the entire diaphragm weight with the large air cushion in front of it opposes the diaphragm movement as mass inertia because the entire diaphragm surface must be excited to vibrate at all frequencies.
  • the high-frequency bending vibrations of the large surface area overlap with the high-frequency fundamental vibrations of the small center and result in interference. Even if the bending moments in the outer edge zone are kept small by constructive measures, they cannot be prevented in flat, flat membranes. Due to the large radiation area, a considerable sound level is achieved, and yet there is again the acoustic directivity in the high-frequency radiation as well as a high proportion of technical distortions in the transmitted signal.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a broadband transmission system that is piston-shaped as a whole in the low frequency range largely without bending vibrations and largely only over the center of the spherical voice coil cover in the high frequency range while reducing the partial vibrations in the outer membrane part, in the calotte and in the voice coil former.
  • a crossover is no longer required for such a loudspeaker system, which itself often already falsifies the electrical signal.
  • the broadband loudspeaker creates a different position from the Sound independent of the speaker.
  • connection according to the invention of the voice coil former provided with a spherical cover to the outer membrane part acts like a joint which allows small mutual displacements at high frequencies (FIG. 8a), but is practically rigid at low frequencies (FIG. 8c). At medium frequencies, there is a frequency-dependent smooth transition between the two extreme values.
  • the broadband loudspeaker according to the invention can be easily manufactured with the aid of all common manufacturing facilities.
  • FIGS. 7a and 7b schematically show two halves of loudspeakers each in section through the axis of symmetry, which have the connection 6 according to the invention between the voice coil former 1 and the outer membrane part 3 and 4, respectively.
  • the outer membrane part 4 according to FIG. 7a consists of a cone membrane and the outer membrane part 3 according to FIG. 7b consists of a NAWI membrane.
  • the magnet system, the voice coil former with voice coil, calotte and centering spider as well as the loudspeaker basket are designed in a conventional manner and do not require any further mention.
  • the connecting or coupling element 6 between the voice coil bobbin 1 covered by the cap 2 and the outer membrane part 3 or 4 consists of an elastic material with high internal friction. Special exemplary embodiments are also presented with reference to FIGS. 16. High sound frequencies, which are only emitted via the dome, are practically not transmitted at all to the outer part of the membrane and consequently cannot trigger any partial vibrations there. However, should partial vibrations be excited despite extreme dynamic loading, then the internal friction of the connecting element 6 acts as damping for these vibrations.
  • the connecting element 6 also acts as damping for bending vibrations in the voice coil former 1 and in the calotte 2.
  • the connecting element 6 behaves like a rigid connection between the voice coil former 1 and the outer membrane part 3 or 4.
  • the low-frequency vibrations are therefore fully transmitted from the voice coil former 1 to the outer membrane part 3 or 4, without generating bending moments .
  • connection according to the invention of the voice coil bobbin to the outer membrane part acts like a joint which allows small displacements at high frequencies (FIG. 8a), but is immovable at low frequencies (FIG. 8c). At medium frequencies there is a frequency-dependent, smooth transition between the two extreme states.
  • FIGS. 7c and 7d show, as further exemplary embodiments of the invention, two halves of broadband loudspeakers in section.
  • the embodiments according to FIGS. 7c and 7d have a comparatively long voice coil former 1, the transition of which into the closing calotte 2 almost reaches the plane spanned by the edge bead 5.
  • Extended accordingly is also the connecting element 6.
  • the space delimited by the outer circumference of the connecting element, the membrane and the plane mentioned is filled by a molded body 13 or 14, which consists of a light but as rigid as possible material such as foamed polygstyrene or a honeycomb construction.
  • FIG. 9 This is shown in FIG. 9 for a known transducer according to FIG. 3a, and it can be seen that the sound radiation is distributed over the entire surface and also the partial vibrations (by bending moments) not only at the low but also at the medium and high frequencies have a high proportion of sound radiation.
  • FIG. 10 This sound pressure distribution for a transducer according to the invention with NAWI membrane is shown in FIG. 10, and it is not only the correct radiation surface that corresponds to the frequency that avoids the undesirable acoustic directivity effects at the low, medium and high frequencies, but also the partial vibrations are above that entire membrane area greatly reduced. This also applies analogously to the other embodiments of the broadband loudspeaker according to the invention according to FIGS. 7a, c, d.
  • frequency-dependent normal force loads within the membrane material are meaningless, while bending vibrations in the membrane contribute significantly to acoustic sound radiation and distort the signal.
  • the outer membrane part shown in Fig. 8a and Fig. 8c
  • a spatial shell that is insensitive to tilting becomes -
  • the structure or structure is preserved with a small constructional cavity and a large tendency of the membrane parts to tilt.
  • the sound pressure differs significantly in the heights in the center and off-center (Fig. 11), this difference disappears in the case of a loudspeaker which, with the same design, has the verbubdubg according to the invention between the voice coil former and the outer membrane part (Fig. 12) ).
  • FIG. 14 shows how the frequency response can also be influenced by constructive measures such as the changes in area of the dome-shaped cover sitting directly on the voice coil in relation to a constant overall membrane diameter. While the larger dome is louder in the lower high-frequency range and quieter in the upper high-frequency range and bundles again, the smaller dome is quieter in the lower high-frequency range, but louder in the upper high-frequency range and also bundles less.
  • the width and thickness of the frequency-dependent flexible connection acts in the high frequency range as edge clamping V for the calotte and voice coil former and in the frequency range below as a frequency-dependent transducer of vibrations on the outer membrane part.
  • a large thickness of the connection which corresponds to a soft dome clamping, which only becomes a rigid connection to the outer membrane part at very low frequencies
  • a small thickness of the connection which corresponds to a relatively hard dome clamping, which becomes one even at medium frequencies a firm connection with the outer membrane part leads to a compromise.
  • the properties as dampers for the partial vibrations in the calotte, in the outer membrane part and in the voice coil former also depend on the width and the thickness of the connection according to the invention. Any pre-stretching of the material can also be taken into account.
  • connection according to the invention between the voice coil former and the outer membrane part were made purely elastic, frequency-dependent vibration states would result in which the two membrane parts could vibrate in the same phase, but also in opposite phases, depending on the mass distribution.
  • connection In order to avoid this, the connection must be designed in such a way that it is only flexible in the high frequency range and also only allows small deflections of the two diaphragm parts without free movement V relative to one another. At lower frequencies, the connection must have no mobility. This can be achieved through the choice of materials and the design of the connection.
  • Electronic equalization according to DE-B-34 18 047 can also contribute to the desired mode of operation of the connection.
  • the e.g. electrical power supply increased in the high frequency range can supply the deformation energy required for the small deflections V.
  • connection according to the invention should predominantly introduce normal forces from the voice coil former as normal forces into the outer membrane part.
  • the normal forces from the voice coil former act as a shear load. This stress on shear strength (Fig. 15) is more durable than stress on tension and compression.
  • connection with a rectangular cross section should preferably be used, which is either attached directly to the voice coil former or to a heat-insulating layer, which in turn is fastened on the heat-conductive voice coil former.
  • the connection can also be glued to the outer membrane part or even vulcanized. 16 shows a number of possibilities for the formation of the connecting element 6.
  • connection over the voice coil former in a very pre-stretched manner in order to more effectively prevent resonances due to the contact pressure. It is also possible to stretch an elastic band over the lower edge of the outer membrane part in order to press the membrane against the connection according to the invention (FIG. 16).
  • connection can be formed in one piece or in two separate sections, the separate sections also being able to be designed for different characteristic values, such as, for example, optimal normal force transmission and optimal vibration damping.
  • the connection can be glued on or just pulled open. Likewise, flexible adhesives can remain can be used to produce the compound of the invention.
  • Rubber, neoprene, PVC, silicone or similar elastomers can be used as the material for the connection according to the invention.
  • the basic behavior of the elastic and the damping properties of the elastomers is determined by the molecular structure, but they can be further optimized by the degree of cross-linking of the molecules and the type and amount of fillers and reinforcing materials. Well suited because of their high damping are e.g.
  • ECO Epichlorohydrin rubber
  • PNR polynorborene rubber
  • ACM polyacrylate rubber
  • IIR butyl rubber
  • balsa wood or foams also have the property of absorbing high-frequency vibrations well and transmitting low-frequency vibrations without losses. It can be used material that has the same, but also different parameters for elongation, rigidity, deformability and damping in all three axes.
  • connection of the voice coil bobbin to the dome-shaped cover is rigid and rigid, the dome itself preferably made of metal for better heat dissipation.
  • the adhesive between the calotte and the voice coil former is also preferably a good conductor of heat.
  • the outer membrane part can be round or oval on the outer edge, but the transition to the voice coil former on the inner edge is round.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Haut-parleur à large bande, comportant des surfaces de membrane partagées en surfaces partielles correspondant à différents domaines de fréquences, dans lequel la partie intérieure de membrane (2) est constituée d'un recouvrement de bobine mobile fixé solidement sur le porte-bobine mobile (1) et la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14), réalisée sous la forme d'une membrane conique, d'une membrane NAWI ou d'un corps moulé plan à l'avant et comportant, le limitant à l'arrière, un élément en forme de membrane conique ou de membrane NAWI, est accouplée à la partie intérieure de membrane (2) par l'intermédiaire d'une jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence, l'élasticité de la jonction étant choisie de façon qu'aux hautes fréquences acoustiques, la partie extérieure de membrane demeure au moins approximativement au repos, tandis qu'aux plus basses fréquences acoustiques, la jonction à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence réunit la partie extérieure de membrane d'une manière au moins presque rigide à la partie intérieure de membrane et qu'aux moyennes fréquences acoustiques, il existe une transition progressive, la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14) étant réalisée de façon à présenter dans l'espace une certaine hauteur minimale (H) par rapport à son plus grand diamètre, de sorte que, constituant une ossature en forme de coquille, ou une pièce moulée, à trois dimensions, elle n'est pas soumise à des couples de flexion ou de basculement, mais seulement à des forces normales, caractérisé en ce que:
- en son emplacement le plus étroit, la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14) comporte une zone qui chevauche le porte-bobine mobile (1) en formant un espace intermédiaire,
- pour constituer une jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence, un élément annulaire de jonction est disposé dans l'espace intermédiaire situé entre la zone de recouvrement ou chevauchement de la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14) et le porte-bobine (1) et
- l'élément de jonction (6) est en une matière élastique à frottement interne élevé, cet élément amortissant les vibrations à haute fréquence passant du porte-bobine mobile (1) à la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14) et amortissant les vibrations de flexion se propageant dans le porte-bobine mobile (1), dans la partie intérieure de membrane (2) et dans la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14).
2. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le recouvrement (2) de la bobine mobile est en forme de calotte.
3. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence est en une matière homogène.
4. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence est constituée de différentes matières à propriétés différentes.
5. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que la jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence possède des valeurs caractéristiques différentes suivant les trois dimensions de l'espace.
6. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence est appliquée sous précontrainte sur le porte-bobine mobile (1).
7. Haut-parleur à large bande suivant l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la jonction (6) à flexibilité dépendant de la fréquence est appliquée sous pression sur le porte-bobine mobile (1) par la partie extérieure de membrane (3, 4, 13, 14).
EP87100806A 1986-02-05 1987-01-21 Haut-parleur à bande de fréquence large avec surface de membrane divisée en plusieures parties correspondant à plusieures bandes de fréquences Expired - Lifetime EP0232760B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863603537 DE3603537A1 (de) 1986-02-05 1986-02-05 Breitbandlautsprecher
DE3603537 1986-02-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0232760A2 EP0232760A2 (fr) 1987-08-19
EP0232760A3 EP0232760A3 (en) 1988-10-12
EP0232760B1 true EP0232760B1 (fr) 1991-04-10

Family

ID=6293436

Family Applications (1)

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EP87100806A Expired - Lifetime EP0232760B1 (fr) 1986-02-05 1987-01-21 Haut-parleur à bande de fréquence large avec surface de membrane divisée en plusieures parties correspondant à plusieures bandes de fréquences

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4821330A (fr)
EP (1) EP0232760B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6310900A (fr)
KR (1) KR950011498B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1012316B (fr)
DE (2) DE3603537A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2022158B3 (fr)

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JPH02281899A (ja) * 1989-04-22 1990-11-19 Pioneer Electron Corp コーン型スピーカ
US5123053A (en) * 1990-07-11 1992-06-16 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Loudspeaker suspension
JP3494711B2 (ja) * 1994-09-05 2004-02-09 パイオニア株式会社 高音再生用スピーカ装置及びその製造方法
IT1285103B1 (it) * 1996-04-02 1998-06-03 Paolo Agostinelli Dispositivo di diffusione elettroacustico, con diaframmi, centratori e trombe in legno di balsa o suoi impasti.
GB2315185A (en) * 1996-07-09 1998-01-21 B & W Loudspeakers Diaphragm surrounds for loudspeaker drive units
US5883967A (en) * 1997-04-15 1999-03-16 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Slotted diaphragm loudspeaker
US6647122B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2003-11-11 Pioneer Electronics Technology, Inc. Loudspeaker drive unit
US6343128B1 (en) 1999-02-17 2002-01-29 C. Ronald Coffin Dual cone loudspeaker
US6466676B2 (en) 2000-02-09 2002-10-15 C. Ronald Coffin Compound driver for acoustical applications
JP2001258092A (ja) * 2000-03-14 2001-09-21 Pioneer Electronic Corp スピーカ用部品およびその製造方法
JP2002315094A (ja) * 2001-04-18 2002-10-25 Minebea Co Ltd スピーカ
US7177440B2 (en) * 2002-12-31 2007-02-13 Step Technologies Inc. Electromagnetic transducer with asymmetric diaphragm
US9185492B2 (en) * 2009-04-10 2015-11-10 Immerz, Inc. Systems and methods for acousto-haptic speakers
GB201513555D0 (en) 2015-07-31 2015-09-16 Pss Belgium Nv Audio system
EP3547713B1 (fr) 2018-03-27 2023-11-22 Sony Group Corporation Haut-parleur avec une guide d'ondes acoustiques et procédé
US11012788B2 (en) 2018-03-27 2021-05-18 Sony Corporation Loudspeaker system
CN110636416B (zh) * 2019-10-12 2023-10-31 安克创新科技股份有限公司 振膜折环

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1012316B (zh) 1991-04-03
DE3603537A1 (de) 1987-08-06
DE3603537C2 (fr) 1992-07-23
KR950011498B1 (ko) 1995-10-05
CN87100528A (zh) 1987-10-07
ES2022158B3 (es) 1991-12-01
US4821330A (en) 1989-04-11
DE3769162D1 (de) 1991-05-16
JPS6310900A (ja) 1988-01-18
EP0232760A2 (fr) 1987-08-19
KR870008485A (ko) 1987-09-26
EP0232760A3 (en) 1988-10-12

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