EP0175930B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hohlplatten und sonstigen Bauelementen vorzugsweise aus Beton - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hohlplatten und sonstigen Bauelementen vorzugsweise aus Beton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175930B1
EP0175930B1 EP85110539A EP85110539A EP0175930B1 EP 0175930 B1 EP0175930 B1 EP 0175930B1 EP 85110539 A EP85110539 A EP 85110539A EP 85110539 A EP85110539 A EP 85110539A EP 0175930 B1 EP0175930 B1 EP 0175930B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raw material
molding
hollow core
hollow
conveyor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP85110539A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0175930A3 (en
EP0175930A2 (de
Inventor
Esko Ahonen
Paavo Ojanen
Pentti Virtanen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Consolis Technology Oy AB
Original Assignee
LOHJA PARMA ENGINEERING LPE Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority claimed from DE19843431237 external-priority patent/DE3431237A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19853529749 external-priority patent/DE3529749A1/de
Application filed by LOHJA PARMA ENGINEERING LPE Oy filed Critical LOHJA PARMA ENGINEERING LPE Oy
Publication of EP0175930A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175930A2/de
Publication of EP0175930A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175930A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0175930B1 publication Critical patent/EP0175930B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B28B3/228—Slipform casting extruder, e.g. self-propelled extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of hollow panels and other components, preferably of concrete, in the sliding process, the material being brought and compressed under pressure into a shaping space by means of a conveying device which is determined by a mold base, by side parts and by an upper boundary. and an apparatus for performing the method.
  • the shafts of the screw conveyors have a section which widens conically in the conveying direction and which reduces the space between the edges of the screw, so that when the concrete moves along the screw, excess concrete is pressed out and along the mold walls is moved to create a smooth outer plate surface.
  • the screw shafts are cylindrical, the concrete being compacted by the pushing of the screw conveyors in cooperation with the vibrations of the vibrators.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a method and an apparatus for the production of hollow panels and other components, preferably made of concrete of the type mentioned, which, while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned, a high compression performance and a high uniformity the compaction of the material with little noise.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the use of a friction compression of the material to be processed, in particular concrete, when the same is pressed into the production mold.
  • a friction compression of the material to be processed in particular concrete
  • the compaction process can be carried out with relatively slow movements in comparison with the known shaking, with the result that the Wear of the manufacturing device and the molded parts is low.
  • the relatively slow compression movements also allow a significant reduction in noise.
  • dry concrete can advantageously be used and processed, as a result of which a further increase in the uniformity and the level of the strength of the material and thus of the component is achieved.
  • the material is put into the mold under pressure by means of a screw conveyor (s) or other suitable conveying devices and / or an axial back and forth is created by one or more hollow core arrangement (s) inserted into the cavity and / or by the nozzle arrangement (s) causing the filling Movement generated in the material, and that in the entire area of the mold cross section, which leads to a friction compression.
  • the movement of the hollow core or hollow core parts takes place in the longitudinal direction of the components and thereby enables the unimpeded flow of the concrete to the compacting point.
  • the method according to the invention effects compression by friction and pressure, which improves the uniformity and level of the strength of the material and thus of the component. With low-frequency work movements, special, especially the wedge-shaped shape of the hollow core or the hollow core parts of the material is highly compressed.
  • a simple wedge-shaped compression body can be used, which can be designed to widen or taper in the direction of flow of the material.
  • hollow core parts can be used which are composed of wedge-shaped or frustoconical elements, with constrictions occurring on the contact surfaces of the elements.
  • the compression can be effected both by a single wedge-shaped or truncated-cone-shaped element and by several elements of this type arranged side by side and / or one behind the other.
  • solid panels in addition to hollow panels, solid panels, in particular made of concrete, can also be manufactured in the desired quality, as a conveying device one or possibly several screw conveyors are sufficient.
  • this has a concrete silo 1, from which the concrete falls onto the screw conveyors 2.
  • the concrete is evenly distributed and brought under the required pressure.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 several, in the exemplary embodiment three, conveyor screws 2 with compression part 3 and hollow core parts 4, 5 are arranged axially parallel next to one another in the horizontal plane, with the conveyor screws 2, compression part 3 and the hollow core parts 4, 5 in each case are arranged one behind the other.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the screw conveyors 2 are arranged between the hollow core parts 4, 5 with the compression part 3 or are mounted obliquely downwards for conveying from above.
  • screw conveyors 2 it is also possible to use other suitable conveyors which are able to apply a compression pressure.
  • the joint between the rotating screw conveyor 2 and the non-rotating molding consisting of the compression part 3 and hollow core parts 4, 5 is sealed against the concrete in order to prevent it from penetrating into the interior of the screw conveyors 2 and, if appropriate, of the shaped piece 3, 4, 5.
  • the joint between screw conveyors 2 and fitting 3, 4, 5 is also sealed against the ingress of concrete in which, when the screw conveyor 2 is fixed in the longitudinal direction, the fitting 3, 4, 5 moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction.
  • a known labyrinth seal, a lip seal or similar seal made of elastomeric material can be used for sealing.
  • the screw conveyors 2 and the hollow core parts 4, 5 are supported in a guide part 6, 7, which has a longitudinal compression movement, see arrows in FIG. 1, relative to the machine frame 16, cf. Fig. 2, and a rotation of the screw conveyor 2 enables.
  • the guide part 6, 7 is formed by an axially displaceable rod 6, on which the hollow core parts 4, 5 are fastened, and a hollow shaft 7, on which the screw conveyor 2 is fastened.
  • the screw conveyor 2 is rotated by means of a drive unit 8 via drive belts, chains or similar drive means which engage the hollow shaft 7.
  • the longitudinal reciprocating movement of the hollow core parts 4, 5 is effected by means of a drive unit 9 with an eccentric device.
  • the side plates 11 form the side profiles of the elements to be produced.
  • the side plates 11 are, cf. Fig. 3, shaped such that they contribute to the friction compaction of the concrete.
  • the side plates 11 are in a guide 12 by means of the drive unit 9 or also by means of separate drive units 13, cf. Fig. 2, movable in the longitudinal direction.
  • the peel plate 14 With the peel plate 14, the surface of the element is formed.
  • the peel plate 14 can also be designed so that it contributes to the friction compression.
  • the pull-off plate 14 is transverse to the flow direction of the concrete, cf. Arrows in Fig. 2, movable by means of a drive unit 15 to smooth the surface of the element.
  • the hollow panel manufacturer according to the invention is carried by a machine frame 16 which can be moved on wheels 17 relative to the mold base 18.
  • the hollow core part 5 is delimited in the longitudinal direction by parallel wall surfaces and forms the inner contour of the cavities in the elements.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the hollow core parts 5 can be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the hollow core parts 4 are in contact with the hollow core parts 5, which have a constriction, in the exemplary embodiment a central constriction, which is formed by two bodies having approximately the shape of a truncated cone.
  • the hollow core parts 4 can also be formed by wedge-shaped bodies.
  • a plurality of hollow core parts 4 of the same design can also be provided one behind the other, so that several constrictions follow one another in the longitudinal direction.
  • the side plates 11 have corresponding depressions in the form of the constrictions of the hollow core parts 4.
  • the constrictions in the hollow core parts 4 and the depressions in the side plates 11 form the work surfaces which limit the compression space 10 and effect the compression process.
  • the compression spaces 10 are intermittently widened and narrowed by the longitudinal movement of the hollow core parts 4, 5 and possibly also the side plates 11 already described above.
  • the concrete filled between the work surfaces under pressure is compressed when the compression spaces are narrowed, whereby the solid particles (such as stone grains) are rubbed against each other in the concrete. This results in a particularly effective compaction of the concrete and a particularly high final strength, and it can also be special dry concrete can be processed cheaply.
  • the change in shape of the compression space 10 is illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the solid lines show the expanded shape of the compression space 10, the broken lines its compressed shape. It can be seen that the enclosed concrete is compressed along the parallel lines and shifted against each other at the interfaces.
  • the compression space 10 is narrowed by moving the one hollow core part 4, which is upper according to FIG. 5, in the direction of the arrow, the lower hollow core part 4 (of the adjacent hollow core parts 4, 5) according to FIG. 5 being assumed to be stationary.
  • the depth and length of the frustoconical or wedge-shaped surfaces are expediently used to shape the wall areas the compression work required for the elements.
  • Flat wedge surfaces are suitable for thin wall areas, steep wedge surfaces for thicker wall areas.
  • the most favorable length of the to-and-fro movement is between 5 and 50 mm, and the frequency of the movement is preferably approximately 1 to 10 strokes per second.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment consisting of a shaped piece arranged at the end of the partially illustrated screw conveyor 2, which is composed of the compression part 3 and hollow core parts 4, 5.
  • the compression part 3 and the hollow core part 5 are connected to one another by an elastic hose 20 which surrounds the hollow core part 4.
  • the axial distance between the compression part 3 and the hollow core part 5 is so large that the hollow core part 4 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction to carry out the compression process.
  • the screw conveyor 2, the compression part 3 and the hollow core part 5 are immovably mounted in the axial direction.
  • the hollow core part 4 has in its outer surface a constriction formed by two truncated cone surfaces, through which constrictions and widenings of the compression chamber 10 are caused when the hollow core part 4 moves, the hollow core part 4 in the direction of the arrow (according to FIG. 6 in the upper half of FIG. 6 on the right according to the drawing) is moved and has brought about the narrowing state of the compression chamber 10 and in the lower half 6 the hollow core part 4 is moved in the direction of the arrow (to the left according to the drawing) and has brought about the expansion state of the compression chamber 10.
  • the hollow core part 4 slides along the inner wall of the tube 20 when the described axial movements are carried out.
  • the hose 20 has the task of sealing the spaces between the hollow core part 4, the compression part 3 and the hollow core part 5 against the penetration of concrete.
  • the spaces between the hollow core part 4, the compression part 3 and the hollow core part 5 can be filled with a pressure fluid.
  • the hose 20 slidably abuts the hollow core part 4.
  • hollow panel manufacturers can also be used for the production of solid girders such as roof trusses with I-profiles according to FIG. 7 or supports or beams with a rectangular cross-section according to Fig. 8 work.
  • three trusses with an I profile are produced simultaneously side by side.
  • Correspondingly profiled side plates 11 and hollow cores 5 'lying between the side plates 11 serve to form the side walls of the trusses, the underside of the trusses being formed by the mold bottom 18 and the top by the peel plate 14.
  • wedge-shaped depressions are provided in the side plates 11 and the hollow cores 5 ', which, in conjunction with an intermittent axial movement of at least the hollow cores 5', compress the concrete conveyed between the side plates 11 and the hollow cores 5 ' cause.
  • two supports or beams are produced according to the same procedure as the binder according to FIG. 7.
  • the concrete can also be conveyed by screw conveyors, the mouths of which can lie in the region of the upper side of the binder or column or beam cavities.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a hollow panel manufacturer according to the invention which is modified compared to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the modification is that under removal 1 and 2 provided screw conveyor (s) 2 here compression part and hollow core parts as compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a and 5a are designed so that by them and their back and forth the from (according to FIG. 9 partially Concrete silo 1 filled with concrete, for example, by its own weight (own hydrostatic pressure), the concrete entering or falling into the subsequently formed compression space 10a is compacted under pressure according to the principle of friction compaction described in the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the machine being moved .
  • Compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a, 5a are fastened to an axially displaceable rod 6a, and by means of a drive unit 9a with an eccentric device, compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a, 5a are moved in the longitudinal, reciprocating compression movement via the guide rod or tube 6a, see arrow in Fig. 9, displaceable.
  • the compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a, 5a - arranged one behind the other - consist of a shaped piece which is sealed against the concrete and which has approximately the same axial length as the screw conveyor 2 and shaped pieces 3, 4, 5 according to FIG. 1 9, so that since the screw conveyor is omitted in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
  • the compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a, 5a are each made more elongated in their length.
  • the hollow core part 4a likewise has a shape which is approximately frustoconical Body-formed constriction, the narrowest region of the constriction being closer to the compression part 3a, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • this hollow panel paver corresponds to that of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, so that reference can be made to the above description in order to avoid repetition.
  • a pull-off plate 14 can be provided and the hollow plate manufacturer can be carried by a machine frame (16 in FIG. 2) which can be moved on wheels 17 relative to the mold base 18.
  • one or more molded parts consisting of compression part 3a and hollow core parts 4a, 5a can be provided for carrying out the friction compression, for example three molded parts analogous to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 for the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • panel manufacturers can also produce solid panels of different thicknesses, and this is illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • FIG. 10 shows a partial view of an embodiment of a plate maker for the production of solid sheets derived from a hollow plate manufacturer according to the invention.
  • This view shows the one partially filled with concrete Cement Silo 1, which in its lower part in an inclined (for example at about 45 o inclination) to the mold base 18a extending conveyor pipe 1a passes and to which the compression space 10b between the peel plate 14a and the bottom mold 18a is connected.
  • a motor-driven screw conveyor 2a fastened to the outside of the concrete silo 1 is inserted into the conveyor pipe 1a with a suitable distance from the inner wall of the conveyor pipe 1a.
  • FIGS. 10 shows a partial view of an embodiment of a plate maker for the production of solid sheets derived from a hollow plate manufacturer according to the invention.
  • This view shows the one partially filled with concrete Cement Silo 1, which in its lower part in an inclined (for example at about 45 o inclination) to the mold base 18a extending conveyor pipe 1a passes and to which the compression space 10b between the peel plate 14
  • the screw conveyor 2a for conveying the concrete from above from the concrete silo 1 is mounted obliquely downward through the conveyor pipe 1a, the screw conveyor 2a preferably being coaxial with the central longitudinal axis of the conveyor tube 1a is inserted into it, its outer dimensions essentially follow the shape of a cylinder jacket and has a conical or frustoconical tip at the front.
  • the concrete is conveyed from the concrete silo 1 through the conveying pipe 1a into the compression space 10a and under pressure, for example, as in the exemplary embodiment shown, by moving the pulling plate 14a back and forth in the conveying direction - see arrows in FIG. 10 - Compressed on the principle of friction compression. It is understood that in this case it is advantageously possible to dispense with the compression part and hollow core parts.
  • a plurality of such screw conveyors 2a can also preferably be arranged axially parallel to one another, preferably in a plane determined by their axes, with a correspondingly adapted design of the conveyor tube 1a.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates in a schematic cross section (corresponding to that of FIG. 2) through a plate maker according to FIG. 10 the production of a solid plate made of concrete between the pull-off plate 14a, side plates 11a and mold base 18a.
  • the method according to the invention for the production of hollow panels, trusses, supports or beams and the like, also solid elements, is intended in particular for the processing of concrete, but can also be used for concrete-like materials and those materials which require a compression process during molding.
  • the method according to the invention can also be used to manufacture components of complex cross-sectional shapes with a more uniform and higher strength, the manufacture of which is of sufficient quality in conventional ones Procedure was difficult.
  • the need for binders such as cement is significantly reduced.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cavities can be varied as desired using the method according to the invention in accordance with specified requirements or standard regulations and the desired material savings.
  • the higher strength of the concrete allows material to be saved, which also applies to solid parts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
EP85110539A 1984-08-24 1985-08-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hohlplatten und sonstigen Bauelementen vorzugsweise aus Beton Expired - Lifetime EP0175930B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3431237 1984-08-24
DE19843431237 DE3431237A1 (de) 1984-08-24 1984-08-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von hohlplatten und sonstigen bauelementen vorzugsweise aus beton
DE3529749 1985-08-20
DE19853529749 DE3529749A1 (de) 1985-08-20 1985-08-20 Vorrichtung zur herstellung von hohlplatten und sonstigen bauelementen vorzugsweise aus beton

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175930A2 EP0175930A2 (de) 1986-04-02
EP0175930A3 EP0175930A3 (en) 1988-07-20
EP0175930B1 true EP0175930B1 (de) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=25824168

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85110539A Expired - Lifetime EP0175930B1 (de) 1984-08-24 1985-08-22 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Hohlplatten und sonstigen Bauelementen vorzugsweise aus Beton

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0175930B1 (no)
DE (1) DE3585007D1 (no)
DK (1) DK166767B1 (no)
FI (1) FI85350C (no)
LV (1) LV10841B (no)
NO (1) NO853342L (no)
RU (1) RU2013205C1 (no)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI76517C (fi) * 1986-01-17 1990-01-26 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Glidgjutmaskin foer tillverkning av haolelement av betong.
FI76518B (fi) * 1986-01-17 1988-07-29 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer formning av bindspaor i sidoytorna hos ett betongelement.
FI76516B (fi) * 1986-01-17 1988-07-29 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Glidgjutmaskin foer tillverkning av haolelement av betong.
FI76514C (fi) * 1986-04-07 1989-07-31 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer gjutning av betongelement.
JPH08403B2 (ja) * 1991-12-17 1996-01-10 茂 小林 連続圧延によるコンクリートパネルの製造方法および装置
FI110174B (fi) * 1994-04-07 2002-12-13 Valkeakoski Extec Oy Ltd Laite betonituotteen valmistamiseksi
RU2293651C1 (ru) * 2005-09-09 2007-02-20 Николай Павлович Селиванов Экструдер (варианты)
RU2293650C1 (ru) * 2005-09-09 2007-02-20 Николай Павлович Селиванов Способ изготовления строительных конструкций и строительная конструкция, изготовленная этим способом
FI119050B (fi) 2007-02-05 2008-07-15 Elematic Oy Ab Menetelmä ja laitteisto betonituotteiden valamiseksi
TW201033443A (en) * 2008-11-17 2010-09-16 Peter Hermann Schmalfuss Precast concrete panel and method for making the precast concrete panel

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143782A (en) * 1962-11-01 1964-08-11 Kalns Arvid Concrete slab forming machine
SE322720B (no) * 1967-06-29 1970-04-13 P Jonell
CH477964A (fr) * 1968-01-23 1969-09-15 Beam British Engineering Appli Maschine mobile pour la fabrication en continu de poutrelles en béton
US4133619A (en) * 1976-09-10 1979-01-09 The Flexicore Co., Inc. Extrusion casting apparatus
DE2741884A1 (de) * 1977-09-17 1979-03-29 Dynamidon Koppers Industrieker Vorrichtung zur herstellung von keramischen hohlkoerpern
US4259282A (en) * 1979-08-17 1981-03-31 Goldsmith Milton T Adobe brick making machine and method
FI74648C (fi) * 1984-01-19 1988-03-10 Partek Ab Foerfarande och glidgjutningsmaskin foer gjutning av haolelement av betong.
FI843544A0 (fi) * 1984-09-10 1984-09-10 Rakennusvalmiste Oy Glidgjutmaskin foer framstaellning av betongelement.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0175930A3 (en) 1988-07-20
FI85350C (fi) 1993-01-28
FI85350B (fi) 1991-12-31
DK383785A (da) 1986-02-25
LV10841B (lv) 1995-12-20
RU2013205C1 (ru) 1994-05-30
FI853224A0 (fi) 1985-08-22
DK383785D0 (da) 1985-08-23
LV10841A (lv) 1995-10-20
EP0175930A2 (de) 1986-04-02
DK166767B1 (da) 1993-07-12
FI853224L (fi) 1986-02-25
DE3585007D1 (de) 1992-02-06
NO853342L (no) 1986-02-25

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