EP0086899B1 - Procédé et dispositif de moulage par compression d'un objet de forme, en particulier pour former une palette constituée d'une ou de plusieurs pièces d'une entretoise servant de support ou d'un profilé de poutre de charge - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de moulage par compression d'un objet de forme, en particulier pour former une palette constituée d'une ou de plusieurs pièces d'une entretoise servant de support ou d'un profilé de poutre de charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086899B1
EP0086899B1 EP82111990A EP82111990A EP0086899B1 EP 0086899 B1 EP0086899 B1 EP 0086899B1 EP 82111990 A EP82111990 A EP 82111990A EP 82111990 A EP82111990 A EP 82111990A EP 0086899 B1 EP0086899 B1 EP 0086899B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
press
pressing
lateral
moulding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82111990A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0086899A1 (fr
Inventor
Anton Heggenstaller
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
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Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19823222122 external-priority patent/DE3222122C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19823227074 external-priority patent/DE3227074C2/de
Application filed by Anton Heggenstaller GmbH filed Critical Anton Heggenstaller GmbH
Priority to AT82111990T priority Critical patent/ATE23125T1/de
Publication of EP0086899A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086899A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0086899B1 publication Critical patent/EP0086899B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N5/00—Manufacture of non-flat articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/28—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of materials not covered by groups E04C3/04 - E04C3/20

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a molding press as known from US-A-3632276 for molding a molded body from small plant components mixed with binders according to the preambles of claims 1 and 14, in particular for forming a one-part or multi-part pallet, one Support bar or a load-bearing beam profile.
  • DE-A-3 035 701 teaches to press several pallet feet with joists connecting them into massive pallet foot bars in one form and to design these bars so that they can withstand high bending loads.
  • the aim here is to compress the recessed beams located between the pallet feet more than the other areas of the pallet foot, which actually achieves greater strength and rigidity in relation to bending stress.
  • EP-A-050 164 which is to be considered as prior art according to Art. 54 (3) for claim 19, shows a support bar made of pressed, small vegetable components mixed with binder, in particular small wooden parts of I-shaped cross section, by upper ones and lower belts and a web is formed, and which has recessed side faces on the web opposite the belts.
  • the I-shaped profile consists of several chipboard panels that are butt-jointed and glued at the joints. As a result, the wood particles in the chipboard lie in an orientation that is favorable for strength, but this gain in strength is negated on the other hand by the glue points.
  • the invention has for its object to press moldings of various types, for example one-piece pallet or, in the case of multi-piece pallets, their bars, as well as support bars and beam profiles and the like, from vegetable and small parts mixed with binders in such a way that, compared to the known measures, significantly increased strengths and less sensitivity in handling can be achieved without having to increase their weight.
  • a molding press which is particularly suitable for carrying out the method is specified in claim 14.
  • the invention is based on the known finding that the chips in a molded plate are oriented preferably parallel to the surface thereof.
  • the thicker such a plate is, the more arbitrarily the chips are in the middle plate area. This phenomenon can be suspected even more if the compact deviates considerably from the plate shape.
  • the invention strives with its characteristic means to enforce a certain chip orientation in all places that are subjected to high loads or are decisive for increasing the strength.
  • the invention also relates to a support bar or a profile according to claims 19 and 23. It is thus possible to produce support bars in one piece, for example in the form of pallet feet or other rigid construction profiles. The increased strength compared to the prior art results from the special chip orientations created in these profiles.
  • a pallet foot latch that can be produced according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1 and the tool useful for its formation is shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.
  • the pallet foot latch 1 has an elongated cuboid shape, the top (roof surface 16) of which is flat and the underside of which is formed by pallet feet 2 and indentations 5 located therebetween, the transition of which should have a strong curvature 6.
  • the lower surfaces of the pallet feet 2 are parallel to the roof surface 16.
  • the beam 3 remaining in the area of the indentations 5 must have such a strength that the latch 1 resists considerable loads, in particular bending stresses.
  • impressions 4 are pressed into the side walls of the bolt 1, which are indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section of a molding press, such as corresponds to the section 11-11 in FIG. 1 of the bolt 1, if one imagines a shape enveloping the bolt 1.
  • the molding press shown in FIG. 2 is first formed by guides 7 of a fixed type, between which molds 10, 11, 12, 13 are movably guided.
  • the press mold 13 (cf. FIG. 3) is moved back into a raised position (not shown) in the illustration in FIG. 2 in order to make room for a filler shaft 8 through which the chip mixture mixed with binder can get into the press chamber 9.
  • All the molds 10, 11, 12 shown are in a set-back initial position. It is assumed that a dosed amount of the mixture, which is adapted to the volume of the pallet bar 1 to be produced, is filled into the pressing chamber 9.
  • the mold 13 is moved into the position shown in Fig. 3 in a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the opposing mold 10 can be advanced into the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the lateral molds 11, 12 remain in the position shown in FIG. 2 in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the consequence of this first pre-pressing process is that a part of the small parts adjusts itself parallel to the pressing molds 10, 13.
  • the bottom surface 17 and the roof surface 16 of the bolt 1 are formed by these molds 10, 13.
  • the material pre-compacted during this movement of the molds 10, 13 can deviate somewhat in the direction of the other molds 11, 12 set back according to FIG. 2 and still assume an indefinite orientation there.
  • these lateral molds 11, 12 are moved into the position shown in FIG. 3, while the molds 10, 13 remain in their pre-press position, then the small parts are oriented in layers parallel to the pressing surfaces of the lateral ones Press molds 11, 12.
  • the pre-pressed bolt 19 shown in FIG. 1 is still oversized compared to the final shape of the bolt 1. It is now shown that at least the lateral molds 11, 12 are made in several parts. An inner mold part 15 is arranged to be movable relative to one another between two outer mold parts 14. Each compression molding 14, 15 is assigned its own lifting drive (not shown). On the way from the position according to FIG. 2 to that according to FIG. 3, all the mold parts 14, 15 have been moved forward at the same time. In the further course, however, the internal mold parts 15 are moved forward from the position according to FIG. 3 into that according to FIG. 4. These molds 15 can have the shape of the impression 4 shown in FIG. 1. It is therefore essential that this movement of the compression mold parts 15 brings about a strong and final compression of the side regions of the bolt 1.
  • the edges of the molded part 15 are rounded. In the basic position, this has the result that open fillets 20 (see FIG. 3) are formed which are filled by the pre-pressed material and therefore form protruding ridges. However, these burrs are removed when the inner mold parts 15 are advanced to the position shown in FIG. 4.
  • the molds 11, 12 can also be divided along the bar 1 (that is to say one behind the other parallel to the plane of the drawing).
  • the pallet feet 2 and the beams 3 above the indentations 5 are each assigned a press (not shown) molded parts are adapted, which are expediently adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction.
  • Fig. 5 it is now shown that while maintaining the position of the mold parts 15, a kind of compression by the molds 10, 13 is carried out. The movement of these molds 10, 13 then leads to the final shaping of the latch 1. It can be imagined that the swarf or small parts located in the vicinity of the roundings 23 of the mold parts 15 experience a kind of displacement process as a result of this upsetting process. They had already been brought into a position approximately parallel to their press surfaces by the movement of the press mold parts 15 according to FIG. 4. The upsetting according to FIG. 5 now requires an enveloping compression of the material in the region of the curved transitions. 5 also leads to a considerable stiffening of the entire bolt 1.
  • the mold parts forming the indentations 5 can then be moved by themselves against the upper mold 13, which remains stationary, in order to profile the pallet feet 2 with respect to the indentations 5 to form.
  • a uniform lower die 10 which is adapted to the contour of the bolt 1, in accordance with FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 A second exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 8, which relates to the production of one-piece pallets, but can also be applied to the production of pallet foot bars according to FIG. 1.
  • the pallet 24 should have a plurality of spaced-apart pallet feet 2 which are connected to one another by beams 3.
  • a mold 25 acts over the entire surface from top to bottom of the mixture of small plant parts, in particular wood chips and binding agent, which is formed, and compresses this against the lower molds 26, 27, which initially remain stationary Molds 26 are moved while the other lower molds 27 are still stationary.
  • the pallet pressed raw in this way is still oversized.
  • the molds 25 to 27 are now slightly ventilated. There is no need to travel any distance; it is sufficient if only the pressing force is reduced or eliminated.
  • the lateral molds 28 are now set in motion against one another, which in the example act only on the outer side surfaces of the pallet 24. It may be advisable to keep the lower molds 27 in their original position so that they have to absorb part of the lateral deformation pressure.
  • the aforementioned ventilation of the molds 25, 26, 27 can also take place simultaneously with the pressing of the lateral molds 28. It is also feasible to move the molds 26, 27 simultaneously with the mold 25 (FIG. 6).
  • the molds 25 to 28 are stepped, corrugated or the like profiled in their pressing surface, depending on which shape the pallet 24 is to receive.
  • the thickness of the pallet plate is not shown, which is less than the height of the beams 3, which can run like a frame.
  • the molds 27 are stiff, unless a separate mold or even a die plate that remains stationary is used for pressing the lower surface of the pallet plate.
  • the lower molds 26 are preferably used exclusively for pressing and recompressing the pallet feet 2.
  • a partial cutout for pressing a pallet foot 1, 2 shows the consequence of the stepwise and time-shifted pressing according to the invention.
  • the upper die 25 covers a considerably greater distance than the lower die 26, for example in a ratio of 10: 1, during the pressing operation according to FIG.
  • the molds 25, 26 assume a position according to the dashed lines 29 and 30.
  • Lines 31 and 32 indicate the positions of the molds 25, 26 at the end of the entire pressing process. Move along the long compression path of the mold 25 to line 29 the chips in the batch are not arbitrary, but they are apparently oriented due to the various frictional flows.
  • the chips assume a positional orientation according to FIG. 10, according to which the layers 34 adjacent to the pressing surfaces of the pressing molds have a chip orientation which runs predominantly parallel to these surfaces and is known from the surface pressing of chipboard.
  • the middle regions 35 on the other hand, have a curved chip orientation, which — viewed in the pressing direction 36 of the press mold 25 — runs concavely.
  • Such a curved structure contributes significantly to the increase in strength. It is increased by the fact that side compression and post-compression take place at different times. If you want to create a reverse curvature, the pallet must be pressed in a position turned by 180 °.
  • the lateral pressing according to FIG. 7 can then form ribs, depressions and the like in the walls of the pallet feet, which can also run parallel to the axis of the pallet foot and contribute significantly to stiffening the walls. It goes without saying that the pressed pallets or pallet foot bars are hardened in the mold by applying heat in the pressed state.
  • a partial region of a pallet foot bolt 1 is shown, the pallet foot 2 of which has a nose-like projection 37, the surface of which is flush with that of the bolt 1 and which has a tapered downward configuration.
  • the associated pallet board 38 rests on this extension 37 and, after being nailed to the extension 37, acts as an anti-tilt device for the bolt 1.
  • Such nose-like approaches can also have bare pallet blocks, which can be produced by the method according to the invention, but which can also be produced by die or even by extrusion.
  • the nose-like projections 37 are located at the locations of the pallet feet that face the central region of the pallet, which can be seen in FIG. 12 by the position of the pallet boards 56.
  • FIG. 13 uses a spatial shape which corresponds to that of FIG. 1. It is a support bar 38, as it is designed in cross-section I-shaped according to Figures 14 and 15. As a result, upper and lower belts 39 and the web 40 are formed, the web 40 being only slightly smaller in its thickness in relation to the belt width.
  • the representation of FIG. 13 is significantly reduced compared to that of FIG. 15.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show, for example, the cross sections according to their natural size, but these pictures are only to be seen as exemplary embodiments.
  • web formation 40 occurs in that the side surfaces 42 of web 40 are set back with respect to the belts 39 while maintaining a peripheral edge 41. This movement back is brought about by a pressing process with compression of the material in the web 40.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 It is clearly shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 that a parallel structure 43 is formed in the belt region 39 and a distinct convex structure 44 of the pressed small parts is formed in the web region 40.
  • the direction of loading is shown at 45.
  • the convex structure 44 should be provided with respect to this loading direction 45, that is to say in the opposite direction.
  • the support bars 38 are produced in a position rotated by 180 ° with respect to the use position. However, this does not preclude the provision of concave curvatures in the load position of the support bolts 38 if special circumstances make this appear useful.
  • FIG. 13 also shows the typical shape that is required if the support bar 38 is to be used as a pallet foot. Accordingly, there are three projecting foot parts 52 with recessed web parts 53 located between them, which are connected to one another via a grooved transition 54.
  • a cavity 46 is formed by stationary guides 51 and press rams 47 to 50 displaceable therein, into which the material mixed with binders, in particular small vegetable parts made of wood and the like, is filled arbitrarily.
  • the press rams 49, 50 together with the vertical guide walls 51 form a shaft which is closed at the bottom in the exemplary embodiment by a press ram 48.
  • a stationary shaft wall can also be provided.
  • the pressing surfaces of the pressing punches 49, 50 are aligned with the vertical guide surfaces 51. Fixed shaft walls (not shown) are provided on the end face. If a support bar 38 is to be produced in accordance with the shape according to FIG. 13, the press ram 47 has a press surface configuration which forces the shape of the foot parts 52 and web parts 53.
  • the press die 48 is flat in its pressing surface.
  • the press ram 47 is pressed down in the direction of the arrow. If a press stamp 48 is provided, this can be moved in opposite directions, but this is not initially necessary. As a result, the mixture located in the cavity 46, which has been introduced in a metered amount, is compressed over the high edge. It is obvious that the small parts along the surfaces of the press punches 49, 50 are subject to a higher friction than in the core of the compact. After the press stroke of the press rams 47, 48, their press pressure is loosened or released, but the press rams 47, 48 remain in their position. This is followed by a transverse compression of the mixture by the press rams 49, 50. The shape of these is designed such that the side surfaces 42 are thereby imaged.
  • the compact is cured by applying heat. It may be advisable to release the press rams 47 to 50 and the guides 51 from the drive units for the press rams 47 to 50 without giving up the press position. Such an aggregate can then be placed in a curing channel or oven and the next pressing process can be carried out with corresponding other tools.
  • the support bar 1 shown in FIG. 17 has a clear I cross-section, as can be used for the production of beams that are stable, in particular rigid.
  • a structure 43 of the small parts that extends parallel to the belts 39 is clearly pronounced.
  • the arched structure, as can be seen in FIGS. 14 and 15, is missing in the web 40.
  • the outer layers of the web 40 are characterized in a considerably thick structure 43, which also extends parallel to the web side surface 42.
  • curved structures 55 are formed, which roughly follow the outer contour of the support bar 38.
  • the structures are similar for other cross sections, for example U, Z or L profiles. These structures result from method steps as are given in FIGS. 18 to 22 in the context of an exemplary embodiment.
  • the filling space of a press mold is formed by press punches 47, 48, 49, 50 and guide walls 51.
  • the mixture of small plant parts, in particular wood chips and binding agents, poured loosely into this mold is first pre-compressed by the press ram 47.
  • a compact with a rectangular cross section is formed.
  • the press stamp covers the path shown in FIG. 18 up to the dashed position. In this position, the pressure acting on the ram 47 is released.
  • the two lateral press punches 49, 50 are moved against one another, and in fact in a partial area of their entire stroke, the other press punches 47, 48 being allowed to dodge.
  • the web 40 (FIG. 17) is preformed. After this press stroke has ended, however, the lateral press punches 49, 50 remain locked or their press pressure is maintained.
  • the press ram 47 first compresses the filled batch by 150 mm (FIGS. 18 and 19).
  • the lateral press rams 49, 50 move into the precompressed batch by 2/3 of their total stroke (FIG. 19).
  • the press stamp 47 now covers a further distance of 90 mm (FIG. 20).
  • the lateral press rams 49, 50 are moved into their final press position (FIG. 21), the total stroke of a press ram 49, 50 being approximately 30 mm.
  • Both press rams 47, 48 are then brought into their final press position. (Fig. 22).
  • a support bar has an I-shape in cross-section according to the teaching of the invention, the web area being dimensioned much thicker than in other I-profiles
  • the structure of the small parts according to the invention can be achieved by having the small parts filled into a mold first presses in one direction along the longer axis and only then, while loosening or even removing the pressing pressure, carries out the lateral shaping by pressing, which creates the I-type profile. If the support bar is compressed again over the longer axis after the shaping thus formed, a particularly intensive convex or concave structure is formed in the web area of the support bar. The pellet is then cured under the influence of heat while maintaining the all-round pressure.
  • the pressing process is rotated by 180 ° compared to the position in which the support bolt is to be loaded. It has been shown that in the pressing process described, the arched formation of the structure always arises only in one direction, namely in the pressing direction in which the upper press die moves, especially when it has a much longer stroke than the press die opposite it executes. If the support bar pressed and hardened in this way is turned through 180 °, the convex structure appears as a kind of inner vault in the area of the web, which is the reason why the support bars according to the invention are able to absorb extremely high loads and show better values than these can be reached with comparable objects made from natural wood.
  • the load-bearing capacity of a support bar produced according to the invention is greater, the more pronounced the convex structure in the web area and the parallel structure of the small parts in the belt area is present. It is assumed that the structure formation depends on the dimension of the crossbeam cross-section and on the different frictional forces among the small plant parts depending on their position. If, for example, a support bar with a rectangular cross-section is pressed upright in a shaft-like shape, it can be expected that the friction of the small plant parts to be pressed, in particular wood shavings, will be greatest on the shaft wall and lowest in the central area of the web.
  • the aforementioned vault structure can be changed in the web area of the support bar if the compact is subjected to a repetition of the successive vertical and lateral pressing.
  • This measure has made it possible to produce support bars with cross-sectional profiles that are more similar to those of rolled metal profiles.
  • a measure according to claim 13 is expedient for the pressing, because the lifting or loosening of the pressure acting on the vertical press ram has the consequence that no tear-off in the microstructure can take place during the lateral pressing. Strangely enough, however, the lateral press rams can remain under pressure in their intermediate and final press positions if the vertical press rams carry out the pressing operations assigned to them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (23)

1. Procédé de moulage par compression d'un objet conformé (1) en particules végétales mélangées à des agents liants, notamment pour former une palette en une pièce ou en plusieurs pièces, qui présente, du côté inférieur, des pieds de palette en saillie et des traverses inférieures disposées entre eux, en retrait et à zones de transition arrondies, ou pour former des pieds de palette (2), des entretoises servant de support (38) ou des profilés ayant une section transversale qui convient à une utilisation comme poutre rigide à la flexion, l'objet conformé étant compacté entre des poinçons de compression (10 à 13) mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres, avec décalage dans le temps, et, après le processus de compression, étant durci par action de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à compacter par étapes l'objet conformé (1) en formant d'abord la forme de base de l'objet conformé (1) avec des dimensions en excès par les poinçons de compression (13, 10) conformant les côtés supérieur et inférieur de l'objet conformé, entre les poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12), qui restent d'abord immobiles, puis en ménageant des empreintes (4) dans les côtés latéraux par les poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12) et enfin en recompactant les côtés supérieur et inférieur (16, 17) du corps conformé (1) aux dimensions que doit avoir l'objet conformé (1), tout en maintenant la pression d'application des poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12).
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à déplacer, d'une manière décalée dans le temps, les poinçons de compression (13, 10) l'un par rapport à l'autre, qui conforment les côtés supérieur et inférieur de l'objet conformé (1), en formant d'abord la forme de base de l'objet conformé (1) par le poinçon supérieur de compression (13) et en déplaçant en sens opposé le poinçon inférieur de compression (10) avant d'actionner les poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12).
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon supérieur de compression (13) a une course sensiblement plus longue que le poinçon inférieur de compression (10), par exemple dans le rapport de 10:1.
4. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour la fabrication d'entretoises de pieds de palette, à exécuter les empreintes latérales (4) sur des côtés opposés des pieds de palette (2) en saillie et des traverses (3) reliant ceux-ci.
5. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour la fabrication de palettes en une pièce, à former les empreintes latérales seulement sur les côtés extérieurs des pieds de palette et des traverses inférieures appartenant à la palette.
6. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à former les bords des empreintes latérales (4) parallèlement aux bords des pieds de palette (2) et des traverses inférieures (3).
7. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à former les empreintes latérales (4) sur les pieds de palette en une pièce qui peuvent être également creuses, de manière à ce qu'elles s'étendent suivant la direction de la charge.
8. Procédé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à munir les empreintes de nervures ou de gorges.
9. Procédé suivant la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les nervures ou les gorges ont des hauteurs ou/et des largeurs qui varient.
10. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste, pour la fabrication d'entretoises servant de support (38) ou de profilés, à emplir une chambre entourée de fouloirs de compression (47, 48, 49, 50) de particules mélangées à de l'agent liant, à mettre d'abord en action sur la masse les fouloirs de compression (47, 48) associés aux surfaces des membrures et ensuite les fouloirs de compression (49, 50) associés aux surfaces latérales de l'âme (42) pour une fraction du total de la compression, puis à effectuer, dans le même ordre, une compression plus poussée de la masse et enfin à effectuer une compression finale par les fouloirs de compression (47, 48) agissant sur la membrure (39), et à provoquer ensuite le durcissement de l'ébauche par action de la chaleur, tout en maintenant toute la pression appliquée.
11. Procédé suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les fouloirs de compression (47, 48), agissant sur les surfaces des membrures (39), compactent la masse de 60% environ dans une première phase de compression, de 35% environ dans la phase de compression suivante et de 5% environ de la course totale de compression dans la dernière phase de compression.
12. Procédé suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les fouloirs de compression (49, 50), agissant sur les surfaces latérales de l'âme (42), compactent la masse dans la première phase de compression, sur les deux tiers environ et dans la phase de compression suivante, sur le tiers environ de la course totale de compression.
13. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou l'une des suivantes, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à décharger de la pression qui s'y applique les fouloirs de compression (47, 48), agissant sur les surfaces de membrures (39), après leur course de compression, et avant que les fouloirs de compression (49, 50), agissant sur les surfaces latérales de l'âme (42), n'exécutent leur course de compression.
14. Presse de moulage pour l'exécution du procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans laquelle la chambre de compression (9) pour la fabrication d'objets conformés (1) est entourée de plusieurs poinçons de compression (10, 11, 12, 13) pouvant se déplacer les uns par rapport aux autres, et munie de dispositifs d'entraînement commandés avec décalage dans le temps, caractérisée en ce que les poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12) présentent des surfaces frontales arrondies (23) et, en leur position de fin de course, font saillie par des surfaces frontales dans la chambre de compression (9).
15. Presse suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les poinçons latéraux de compression (11, 12) sont constitués chacun d'une partie intérieure (14) et d'une partie extérieure (15) de poinçon de compression, qui sont guidées l'une dans l'autre et qui sont reliées à leur propre dispositif d'entraînement produisant des courses de longueurs différentes.
16. Presse suivant la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que les poinçons de compression (26, 27) dirigés vers les côtés inférieurs de l'objet conformé (1), notamment les pieds de palette et les traverses inférieures, sont divisés en fonction de leur contour et sont reliés à des dispositifs d'entraînement produisant des courses de longueurs différentes.
17. Presse suivant la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que le poinçon de compression dirigés vers les côtés inférieurs des palettes en une pièce ou vers les entretoises de pieds de palette, est ou sont en une seule pièce.
18. Presse suivant l'une des revendications 14, 16 et 17, caractérisée en ce que la course du poinçon de compression (25) formant le côté supérieur de l'objet conformé (1), notamment de la palette ou de l'entretoise des pieds de palette, est sensiblement plus grande que la course du poinçon de compression (26) formant le côté inférieur, par exemple dans le rapport de 10:1.
19. Poutrelle porteuse (38) constituée de particules végétales, notamment de particules de bois, mélangées à du liant et comprimées, qui est formée en ayant une section transversale en forme de I, par des membrures (39) supérieure et inférieure et une âme (40), et qui présente des surfaces latérales (42) légèrement en retrait par rapport aux membrures (39), la poutrelle servant de support (38) étant comprimée en une seule pièce et la texture des particules ayant une conformation, rapportée au sens de charge (45) et vue en section transversale, d'une manière prépondérante, parallèle (43) à la surface des membrures dans les deux régions de membrure (39), et incurvée, d'une manière prépondérante convexe (44) ou concave dans la région de l'âme (40).
20. Poutrelle porteuse servant de support suivant la revendication 19, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de l'âme correspond à 80 à 90% environ de la largeur des membrures.
21. Poutrelle porteuse suivant la revendication 19 ou 20, caractérisée en ce que l'âme (40) se transforme, du côté frontal, en un bord (41) correspondant à la largeur des membrures (39).
22. Poutrelle porteuse suivant la revendication 19, ou l'une des suivantes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée en piètement (2) de palette ayant trois pieds (52) en saillie, et des parties d'entretoisement (53) se trouvant entre eux et en retrait, en ayant une zone de transition (54) cannelée.
23. Profilé en particules végétales, notamment en particules de bois mélangées à des agents liants et comprimées, ayant une section transversale qui convient à une utilisation en tant que poutre ridige à la flexion, par exemple sous forme d'un I, U, Z, L et similaires, caractérisé en ce que le profilé est comprimé en une seule pièce et en ce que la texture des particules est conformée de manière prépondérante parallèlement à la surface des membrures dans la région des membrures (39), et d'une manière prépondérante parallèlement (43) à la surface extérieure de l'âme (42), dans la région de l'âme (40) au moins dans les couches extérieures de celle-ci.
EP82111990A 1982-01-29 1982-12-24 Procédé et dispositif de moulage par compression d'un objet de forme, en particulier pour former une palette constituée d'une ou de plusieurs pièces d'une entretoise servant de support ou d'un profilé de poutre de charge Expired EP0086899B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82111990T ATE23125T1 (de) 1982-01-29 1982-12-24 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formpressen eines formkoerpers, insbesondere zur bildung einer ein- oder mehrteiligen palette, eines tragriegels oder eines tragfaehigen balkenprofiles.

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203032 1982-01-29
DE3203032 1982-01-29
DE3208875 1982-03-11
DE3208875 1982-03-11
DE19823222122 DE3222122C2 (de) 1982-01-29 1982-06-11 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Formpressen eines Formkörpers zur Bildung einer ein- oder mehrteiligen Palette
DE3222122 1982-06-11
DE3227074 1982-07-20
DE19823227074 DE3227074C2 (de) 1982-03-11 1982-07-20 Tragriegel aus mit Bindemitteln vermischten planzlichen Kleinteilen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0086899A1 EP0086899A1 (fr) 1983-08-31
EP0086899B1 true EP0086899B1 (fr) 1986-10-29

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EP82111990A Expired EP0086899B1 (fr) 1982-01-29 1982-12-24 Procédé et dispositif de moulage par compression d'un objet de forme, en particulier pour former une palette constituée d'une ou de plusieurs pièces d'une entretoise servant de support ou d'un profilé de poutre de charge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4559195A (fr)
EP (1) EP0086899B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3273960D1 (fr)
ES (3) ES8400697A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL67766A (fr)
NO (1) NO162268C (fr)

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DE3825986A1 (de) * 1988-07-27 1990-02-01 Kiss G H Verfahren zum herstellen von vorformkoerpern und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE8914649U1 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-04-11 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Profil aus formgepreßten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen
DE3941170A1 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-06-20 Heggenstaller Anton Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formpressen von formkoerpern aus pflanzlichen kleinteilen
DE10160832A1 (de) * 2001-12-11 2003-06-18 Franz Banke Gmbh Preßvorrichtung

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FR2604430B1 (fr) * 1986-09-30 1990-01-05 Pechiney Aluminium Procede et dispositif de mise en forme de blocs carbones par compactage multiaxial
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DE3916774A1 (de) * 1989-05-23 1990-11-29 Anton Heggenstaller Verfahren und vorrichtung zum pressen eines biegesteifen balkenfoermigen formkoerpers aus pflanzlichen kleinteilen
US5824246A (en) 1991-03-29 1998-10-20 Engineered Composites Method of forming a thermoactive binder composite
US5435954A (en) * 1993-10-08 1995-07-25 Riverwood International Corporation Method for forming articles of reinforced composite material
US5770136A (en) * 1995-08-07 1998-06-23 Huang; Xiaodi Method for consolidating powdered materials to near net shape and full density
US20020109267A1 (en) * 1997-10-02 2002-08-15 Harald Herbst Differentiated press-molding process
DE19745909A1 (de) * 1997-10-17 1999-04-22 Borealis Polymere Holding Gmbh Differenzierter Preßprozeß
GB2339760A (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-02-09 Thomas Gilligan Moulded Pallet
EP1165903B1 (fr) 1999-03-31 2006-11-29 Masonite Corporation Elements de construction composites et leur procede de fabrication
US6773791B1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2004-08-10 Masonite Corporation Composite building components, and method of making same
US6561787B2 (en) 1999-09-29 2003-05-13 Kansas State University Research Foundation Apparatus for forming biodegradable and edible feed packaging materials
US20060151906A1 (en) * 2002-05-31 2006-07-13 Takuya Nishimura Method of producing woody formed-body and woody formed-body
US6887064B2 (en) * 2002-06-18 2005-05-03 Sung Kuk Soh Method and apparatus for producing non-planar formed parts using compaction molding compounds, and parts formed using same
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ITMO20050291A1 (it) * 2005-11-04 2007-05-05 Imal Srl Macchina per la formatura di manufatti in materiale incoerente, particolarmente per la realizazione di traversine per palette di caricamento, e metodo relativo
FR2900428B1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2010-09-17 Luc Sauteraud Element de contruction rapide
KR20090110860A (ko) * 2007-02-16 2009-10-22 데이진 화-마 가부시키가이샤 압축 타정기
CN201168994Y (zh) * 2008-01-16 2008-12-24 张翠兰 植物纤维托盘双向挤压成型方法的专用设备
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3825986A1 (de) * 1988-07-27 1990-02-01 Kiss G H Verfahren zum herstellen von vorformkoerpern und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE8914649U1 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-04-11 Anton Heggenstaller AG, 86556 Kühbach Profil aus formgepreßten pflanzlichen Kleinteilen
DE3941170A1 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-06-20 Heggenstaller Anton Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formpressen von formkoerpern aus pflanzlichen kleinteilen
DE10160832A1 (de) * 2001-12-11 2003-06-18 Franz Banke Gmbh Preßvorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0086899A1 (fr) 1983-08-31
ES279903Y (es) 1986-04-16
ES279903U (es) 1985-08-01
ES519349A0 (es) 1983-11-01
ES8400697A1 (es) 1983-11-01
ES283069Y (es) 1985-12-16
DE3273960D1 (en) 1986-12-04
NO162268B (no) 1989-08-28
IL67766A (en) 1986-08-31
US4559195A (en) 1985-12-17
IL67766A0 (en) 1983-05-15
NO162268C (no) 1989-12-06
ES283069U (es) 1985-05-01
NO830200L (no) 1983-08-01

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