EP0057856B1 - Agencement d'un pied de mât pour planche à voile - Google Patents

Agencement d'un pied de mât pour planche à voile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0057856B1
EP0057856B1 EP82100560A EP82100560A EP0057856B1 EP 0057856 B1 EP0057856 B1 EP 0057856B1 EP 82100560 A EP82100560 A EP 82100560A EP 82100560 A EP82100560 A EP 82100560A EP 0057856 B1 EP0057856 B1 EP 0057856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
sleeve
step device
spring
windsurfing board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82100560A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0057856A2 (fr
EP0057856A3 (en
Inventor
Siegfried Pertramer
Joachim Adamek
Ernstfried Prade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mistral Windsurfing AG
Original Assignee
Mistral Windsurfing AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE3103586A external-priority patent/DE3103586C2/de
Priority claimed from DE3201143A external-priority patent/DE3201143C2/de
Application filed by Mistral Windsurfing AG filed Critical Mistral Windsurfing AG
Priority to AT82100560T priority Critical patent/ATE14098T1/de
Publication of EP0057856A2 publication Critical patent/EP0057856A2/fr
Publication of EP0057856A3 publication Critical patent/EP0057856A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0057856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0057856B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H8/00—Sail or rigging arrangements specially adapted for water sports boards, e.g. for windsurfing or kitesurfing
    • B63H8/20—Rigging arrangements involving masts, e.g. for windsurfing
    • B63H8/24—Arrangements for connecting the rigging to a board

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mast foot assembly for a windsurfing board with a universal joint, which connects the mast to the windsurfing board, the mast foot assembly having a sleeve which can be connected to the mast and which has a bearing device to prevent injuries, in particular crushing between the mast and the deck surface of the windsurfing board an elastic element is connected and the bearing device is firmly connected or connectable to the windsurf board, such that a relative movement of the sleeve relative to the bearing device against the tension of the elastic element is possible upwards.
  • the elastic element is a component of the universal joint, in particular a component that ensures strength and cohesion.
  • the elastic element should also serve to avoid injuries and in particular bruises between the mast and the deck surface of the windsurfing board, it must under no circumstances be designed too tightly, since otherwise the risk of injury is not excluded.
  • a basic type of safety mast foot according to an earlier proposal by the applicant is also known (DE-PS 2747057).
  • This known mast foot is designed to avoid injuries, in particular by pinching and squeezing the foot of a windsurfer between the mast and the deck surface of the windsurfing board via an adjustable spring element as a safety binding, the triggering moment of the spring element being adjustable.
  • the spring element which acts as a safety binding, is released, the entire mast foot with the mast and associated rig are released from a recess in the windsurfing board, so that the entire rig is still connected to the windsurfing board by an additional safety line provided.
  • the object of the invention is to improve a mast foot of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that on the one hand this further develops the basic idea of a safety binding, but is based on a concept which makes a separation of mast foot and windsurfing board superfluous, whereby the quasi internal elasticity to avoid injuries cannot influence the necessary strength of the universal joint itself.
  • a mast foot of the type specified above that the universal joint is fastened to a central pin of the bearing device and that the central pin with the universal joint can be adjusted with respect to the rest of the bearing device against a force, essentially perpendicular to the deck surface the windsurf board is movable upwards.
  • the advantage of the invention is that a completely new path is taken to achieve the safety function, in that the connection between mast foot and windsurfing board can be firm, even insoluble, and that injuries due to the resilient yielding away from the deck of the windsurfing board in an approximately vertical direction be averted. It is therefore, apart from the previously known and customary embodiments of mast feet, while maintaining security against injury, embodiments in which the mast foot or according to the invention, the bearing device is integrated into the plastic of a windsurfing board or is screwed to the board body .
  • an embodiment according to the invention is preferred in which the mast base designed in this way can be inserted and removed as usual into a correspondingly shaped recess in the board body of the windsurf board.
  • the difference with this plug connection is the fact that, according to the invention, the mast foot is anchored as firmly as possible in such a recess.
  • the bearing device has a tubular body, that the central pin is mounted in the tubular body and that the spring is arranged between the lower end of the tubular body and a widened head of the central pin, the central pin is directly connected to the universal joint.
  • the bearing device is cast or laminated into the windsurf board.
  • the bearing device it is advantageous for the bearing device to fit into the windsurf board Laminated or cast sleeve is used, and that a clamping or locking device is provided for fastening the bearing device in the sleeve.
  • the force of the spring directed against the axial upward movement of the central pin is adjustable.
  • the force of the spring can advantageously be adjusted by means of an actuator by changing the spring preload.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention can be created in that the tubular body is designed as a guide sleeve in which the central bolt is received and guided without tilting, and in that the spring is arranged between the widened head and an upper annular shoulder in the guide sleeve.
  • the above-mentioned clamping or locking device is designed as a twist lock in the manner of a bayonet lock.
  • the bayonet catch is formed by an outer annular bead on the lower part of the mast foot, which is received by the sleeve and is formed by the guide sleeve, with two flats lying opposite one another, which move past two projections corresponding to the flats on the inner surface of the sleeve and by turning of the lower part of the mast foot can be locked in the sleeve. It is obvious that in this embodiment no moving parts are used and the weight saving compared to the locking device according to the first embodiment is considerable. This embodiment is only possible in accordance with the basic idea of the invention in that when the mast foot is firmly connected to the windsurfing board, the mast foot is given an internal elasticity which prevents injuries from crushing.
  • the projections are designed to be resilient and adjustable in the spring force.
  • This embodiment offers the additional advantage that a further safety factor against injuries is created in that, despite the comparatively firm connection of the mast foot to the sleeve, the mast foot can be torn out when the stroke of the central bolt is exceeded, so that even in this case serious injuries are avoided can.
  • the spring element is displaceable in two slot-shaped guides of the sleeve. As a result, the spring force exerted on the lower part of the mast foot is determined by the position of the spring element.
  • a releasable locking device which defines the locked end position is additionally provided on the mast foot lower part and prevents rotation between the mast foot lower part and the sleeve.
  • the locking device is designed as a downward spring-loaded pin on the lower part of the mast foot, which engages in a bore in the sleeve in the locked end position.
  • the locking device has a handle for releasing by hand.
  • the mast foot according to the invention is connected to the windsurf board 2 in the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 via a plug-in connection which, as will be explained further below, can be locked.
  • the mast foot 1 consists of a bearing device 3 at the lower end, a universal ge formed by a silent block Steer 4 and above a sleeve 5, which receives the mast 6 in a plug connection.
  • the bearing device 3 essentially has three components which are concentric with one another, namely a central pin 7, a guide sleeve 8 and a rubber sleeve 3.
  • a clamping device 10 is provided in the exemplary embodiment for locking the bearing device 3 with the windsurfing board 2, by means of which the mast foot 1 is fixed after use in a sleeve 11 anchored in the foam of the windsurfing board 2 can be connected to this.
  • the guide sleeve 8 is provided at the bottom with an outwardly widened head part 12, on which the rubber sleeve 9 rests.
  • the guide sleeve 8 is displaceable with a threaded connection 13 in the axial direction relative to an adjusting sleeve 14.
  • the adjusting sleeve 14 is connected, for example, via screws 16 to a knob or handwheel 15, in order to be able to be rotated by hand.
  • the adjusting sleeve 14 simultaneously forms on its lower edge 17 a counter bearing to the rubber sleeve 13. So that the entire bearing device 3 does not rotate during the locking process, two mutually opposite projections 18 are provided on the enlarged head part 12 of the guide sleeve 8, which in axial grooves 19 of the sleeve 11 are performed.
  • the handwheel 15 is rotated such that the guide sleeve 8 is moved upward with respect to the adjusting sleeve 14 via the threaded connection 13, as a result of which the rubber sleeve moves bulges outside and is pressed firmly against the inside of the sleeve 11.
  • the central pin 7 has a radially widened head part 20 at its lower end, a helical spring 21 being arranged between the head part 20 and the head part 12 of the guide sleeve 8, and a disk 22 can also be provided.
  • the central pin 7 is received in the guide sleeve 8 in a clearance fit, so that it can be moved up and down in the axial direction against the pressure of the spring 21 within the guide sleeve.
  • the universal joint 4 is fastened by a screw connection 24 with the interposition of a washer 23. Since the universal joint 4 in the illustrated embodiment is a silent block, which is provided with threaded bolts 25 at both ends, the sleeve 5, which carries the mast 6, is also connected to the universal joint via a screw connection. Since in the illustrated embodiment the rotation of the universal joint 4 about the vertical axis would take place together with the center bolt 7 and thus may possibly be impeded by the pressure exerted by the spring 21, it is preferred to connect the universal joint 4 to the sleeve 5 in this way to ensure that the free rotation around the vertical axis is guaranteed at this point.
  • FIG. 3 a body part clamped between mast 6 and windsurfing board 2 is shown schematically in the sectional view at 26 '.
  • the center pin 7 7 is pulled upwards against the pressure of the spring 21 and through the guide sleeve 8 without being tilted, so that an injury to the body part 26 'by squeezing is not possible.
  • the central pin 7 is moved down again by the spring 21, so that the advantageous joint for the universal joint 4 at the upper end of the bearing device 3 required for windsurfing is automatically restored.
  • the force at which there is an axial displacement upwards of the central pin 7 in order to avoid injuries can either be determined by using springs 21 which are matched to the personal taste or, in a modified embodiment, a similarly adjustable connection as between Adjusting sleeve 14 and guide sleeve 8 may be provided to continuously adjust the bias of the spring 21.
  • the mast foot according to the invention is connected in the illustrated embodiment to the windsurf board 2 via a plug-in connection which, as explained further below, can be locked.
  • the mast foot 1 consists of a bearing device 3 at the lower end, which forms the lower part of the mast foot, a universal joint 4 formed by a silent block, and above it a sleeve 5, which receives the mast 6 in a plug connection.
  • the mast 6 is held on the sleeve 5 over the sail (not shown), in which it is pretensioned downward by a rope provided on the sail neck.
  • the bearing device 3 forming the lower part of the mast foot consists in the illustrated embodiment, as can best be seen from the combination of FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 a guide sleeve 26 which receives a guide pin 7.
  • the locking device 10 is designed in this exemplary embodiment as a twist lock in the manner of a bayonet lock.
  • the locking device 10 locks the bearing device 3 with the windsurfing board 2 after inserting the mast foot 1 into a sleeve 11 anchored in the foam core of the windsurfing board 2.
  • the bayonet-type locking which can be seen in more detail from FIGS. 5 to 8, will be explained in more detail below explained.
  • the central pin 7 has a radially widened head part 20 at its lower end, a helical spring 21 being arranged between the head part 20 and a shoulder 27 at the inner upper end of the guide sleeve 26, a washer 22 also being provided can.
  • the central pin 7 extends to the upper surface 28 of the enlarged head 29 of the mast base 3 and is received in a clearance 30 in a bore 30 of the head 29 so that it moves up and down in the axial direction against the pressure of the spring 21 within the guide sleeve 26 can be.
  • the universal joint 4 is fastened by a screw connection 24 with the interposition of a washer 23. Since the universal joint 4 in the illustrated embodiment is a silent block, which is provided with threaded bolts 25 at both ends, the sleeve 5, which carries the mast 6, is also connected to the universal joint via a screw connection. The rotation of the universal joint 4 about the vertical axis would take place together with the central bolt 7 in this embodiment and thus possibly be hindered by the pressure exerted by the spring 21. It is therefore preferred to design the connection of the universal joint to the sleeve 5 in such a way that the free rotation about the vertical axis is ensured at this point.
  • the mode of operation to avoid injuries, in particular by squeezing between the mast 6 and the top surface of the windsurfing board 2, is the same as in the design according to the first embodiment.
  • the locking device 10 is explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8.
  • the guide sleeve 26 is provided at a distance below the head 29 of the lower part 3 of the mast foot with an annular bead 30 which has flattened areas 31 at two opposite points, at which the distance between the flattened areas 31 corresponds to the diameter of the guide sleeve 26.
  • annular bead 30 which has flattened areas 31 at two opposite points, at which the distance between the flattened areas 31 corresponds to the diameter of the guide sleeve 26.
  • two projections, generally designated 32 are provided at the upper end thereof, which lie directly above the annular bead 30 in the mast foot 1 inserted into the sleeve 11.
  • the projections 32 are formed by the two legs 33, 34 of a U-shaped spring element (FIG. 7) 35, which is displaceable in guides 36 in the enlarged flange 37 at the upper end of the guide sleeve 26.
  • the holding force exerted radially on the guide sleeve in the inserted state above the annular bead 30 can be adjusted by displacing the spring element 35 within the guides 36, since the spring travel of the two legs 33, 34 is thereby adjusted.
  • the two protruding legs 33, 34 and the annular bead 30 with the flattenings 31 together form a twist lock in the manner of a bayonet lock for locking the mast foot in the sleeve 11.
  • the mast foot is inserted into the sleeve 11, the flattening of the legs 33 , 34 face each other.
  • the lower part 3 of the mast foot is rotated by 90 °, so that the position illustrated in FIG. 5 is reached.
  • an additional locking device 38 is provided on the head 29 of the mast foot lower part 3, which can be released by hand and to maintain the locked end position prevents rotation between the mast base and sleeve 11.
  • the head 29 is wider on one side (cf. FIG. 8) and the releasable locking device is designed as a pin 39, which projects downwards from the lower surface 41 of the widening 42 of the head part 29 under the pretension of a spring 40.
  • the pin 39 is arranged opposite one of the flattenings 31 and, when the mast base 1 is inserted, engages in a bore 43 which is provided in the flange 37 of the sleeve 11 between the legs 33, 34 of the spring element 35 corresponding to the locked end position.
  • the lock 38 for removing the mast foot 1 from the sleeve 11 can be lifted by hand by loosening the bayonet catch, an eyelet 45 being provided for this purpose, into which, if necessary, a short rope piece can be knotted.
  • the pin 39 is only moved upward in the bore 46 against the pressure of the spring.
  • a transverse bore 47 is additionally provided in the head part 29, into which a safety line 48 (see FIG. 8) is knotted, which is connected to the windsurfing board 2 is connected (not shown).
  • the mast foot device is formed according to this embodiment by creating a simple, robust, light and inexpensive locking of the mast foot with the windsurf board.
  • the embodiment described offers the additional advantage that, despite the relatively firm connection between the mast foot 1 and the windsurfing board 2, an additional safety factor is built in, in addition to the internal elasticity of the mast foot 1, which is given by the guide pin 7 and the spring 21 Mast foot can still be completely separated from the windsurf board when the stroke of the guide pin 1 is exceeded or when a force selectable by the position of the spring element 35 is exceeded, wherein it is then only held by the safety line 48.
  • the risk of injury from being pinched is still prevented, and yet a comparatively firm connection, for example, particularly suitable for diving boards, is created compared to conventional mast feet.
  • the triggering moment at which the mast foot is fully released is determined by the position of the spring element 35.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Agencement de pied de mât pour une planche à voile comprenant un joint universel qui relie le mât à la planche à voile, l'agencement de pied de mât comprenant un manchon pouvant être relié au mât, qui est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un élément élastique à un dispositif de support pour éviter des blessures, en particulier des coincements entre le mât et la surface de la planche à voile, et le dispositif d'appui étant relié ou pouvant être relié fermement à la planche à voile, de manière qu'un mouvement relatif du manchon par rapport au dispositif de support puisse être possible vers le haut à l'encontre de la tension de l'élément élastique, caractérisé en ce que le joint universel (4) est fixé sur une tige centrale (7) du dispositif de support (3), et en ce que la tige centrale (7) peut être déplacée avec le joint universel (4) relativement vers le haut par rapport au reste du dispositif de support (3), à l'encontre d'un ressort (21) dont la force peut être réglée, et sensiblement perpendiculairement à la surface de la planche à voile.
2. Agencement de pied de mât selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support (3) comprend un corps de forme tubulaire (8), en ce que la tige centrale (7) est montée dans le corps de forme tubulaire (8), et en ce que le ressort (21) est monté entre l'extrémité inférieure du corps tubulaire (8) et une tête élargie (20) de la tige centrale (7), cette tige centrale (7) étant reliée directement au joint universel (4).
3. Agencement de pied de mât selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support (3) est incorporé par coulage ou laminage dans la planche à voile (2).
4. Agencement de pied de mât selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de support (3) peut être inséré dans une douille (11) incorporée par laminage ou coulage dans la planche à voile (2) et en ce que pour fixer le dispositif de support dans la douille (1) est prévu un dispositif de serrage ou de verrouillage (10).
5. Agencement de pied de mât selon l'une des revendications précédentes, carctérisé en ce que la force du ressort (21) qui est dirigée à l'encontre du mouvement ascendant axial de la tige centrale (7) est réglable.
6. Agencement de pied de mât selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la force du ressort (21) peut être réglée par un dispositif de réglage, par modification de la tension du ressort.
7. Agencement de pied de mât selon l'une des revendications précédentes 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le corps de forme tubulaire (8) est constitué sous forme d'un manchon de guidage (26), dans lequel est engagée et guidée la tige centrale (7) de manière qu'elle ne puisse pas s'y coincer, et en ce que le ressort (21) est disposé dans le manchon de guidage (26) entre la tête élargie (20) et un épaulement annulaire supérieur interne (27).
8. Pied de mât selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de rotation du joint universel (4) autour de l'axe vertical est situé au-dessus du joint dans la zone d'un manchon (5) qui supporte le mât (6) de la planche à voile (2).
9. Pied de mât selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de verrouillage (10) est constitué sous forme d'une fermeture tournante du type d'une fermeture à baïonnette.
10. Pied de mât selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la fermeture à baïonette est constituée au moyen d'un bourrelet annulaire externe (30) sur la partie inférieure du pied de mât reçue dans le manchon (11) et constituée par la douille de guidage (26) avec deux à-plate opposés (31), qui peut passer devant deux saillies (32) qui correspondent aux à-plats (31) et être verrouillé dans le manchon (11) par rotation de la partie inférieure (3) du pied de mât.
11. Pied de mât selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les saillies (32) sont élastiques et ont une force d'élasticité réglable.
12. Pied de mât selon la revendication 11, carctérisé en ce que les saillies (32) sont constituées par les deux branches (33, 34) d'un élément à ressort (35) dont la forme est sensiblement celle d'un U, ces branches faisant partiellement saillie au-dessus du bourrelet annulaire (30), dans l'alésage interne du manchon (11).
13. Pied de mât selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'élément à ressor (35) peut être enfoncé dans deux fentes de guidage (36) du manchon (11).
14. Pied de mât selon l'une des revendications précédentes 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu à la partie inférieure (26) du pied de mât un dispositif de blocage (38) qui peut être débloqué et qui définit la position terminale verrouillée, qui empêche une rotation entre la partie inférieure (26) du pied de mât et le manchon (11).
15. Pied de mât selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de blocage (38) est constitué sous forme d'une tige (39) qui est sollicitée élastiquement vers le bas et qui pénètre, dans sa position terminale verrouillée, dans un alésage (43) du manchon (11).
16. Pied de mât selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de blocage (38) comprend une poignée (44) permettant de le dégager à la main.
EP82100560A 1981-02-03 1982-01-27 Agencement d'un pied de mât pour planche à voile Expired EP0057856B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82100560T ATE14098T1 (de) 1981-02-03 1982-01-27 Mastfussanordnung fuer ein windsurfbrett.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3103586 1981-02-03
DE3103586A DE3103586C2 (de) 1981-02-03 1981-02-03 Mastfuß für einen Segelbrettmast
DE3201143A DE3201143C2 (de) 1982-01-15 1982-01-15 Mastfuß für einen Segelbrettmast
DE3201143 1982-01-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0057856A2 EP0057856A2 (fr) 1982-08-18
EP0057856A3 EP0057856A3 (en) 1982-09-01
EP0057856B1 true EP0057856B1 (fr) 1985-07-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82100560A Expired EP0057856B1 (fr) 1981-02-03 1982-01-27 Agencement d'un pied de mât pour planche à voile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4462327A (fr)
EP (1) EP0057856B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0142199A3 (en) * 1983-11-10 1985-10-09 Fabrique Nationale Herstal En Abrege Fn Societe Anonyme Shock absorbing device for the mast of a sail board
NL8602319A (nl) * 1986-09-12 1988-04-05 Koni Bv Mast voor een zeilplank.
US4945846A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-08-07 Miley Bradford A Shock absorber unit for sailboards
US6131532A (en) * 1997-09-08 2000-10-17 Winner; William K. Inflatable sailboat
US6032599A (en) * 1997-11-25 2000-03-07 Chopshok Ltd. Co. Suspension apparatus for a sailboard
US8298027B1 (en) * 2009-06-11 2012-10-30 Basse Per H Method and apparatus for using a skim board
UY32932A (es) * 2010-10-06 2010-11-30 Moline Wenceslao Enganche neumático automático para camión y remolque
DE202022102838U1 (de) * 2022-05-23 2022-06-02 Arian Leonidas Papakarmesis Mastfuß für Rollbretter

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2862738A (en) * 1954-10-27 1958-12-02 Charles A D Bayley Subaqueous structures for supporting a working platform above water
DE2530020C3 (de) * 1975-07-04 1980-01-17 Hannes 8100 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Marker Mast für ein Segelbrett
US4166425A (en) * 1976-08-13 1979-09-04 Kummetz Hans E Elastic connection assembly for the mast of a sailboat
DE2644294A1 (de) * 1976-09-30 1978-04-06 Vinzens Maximilian Baur Mastfuss fuer ein segelbrett (windsurfer)
DE2727597A1 (de) * 1977-06-20 1978-12-21 Hannes Marker Segelmast fuer segelbretter
DE2802656A1 (de) * 1978-01-21 1979-07-26 Gerhard Christian Rambacher Sicherheitsmastfuss fuer segelbrett
FR2452417A1 (fr) * 1979-03-29 1980-10-24 Cury Marc Dispositif de fixation d'un pied de mat adaptable sur des planches a voile notamment
JPS56501448A (fr) * 1979-10-26 1981-10-08

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Publication number Publication date
US4462327A (en) 1984-07-31
EP0057856A2 (fr) 1982-08-18
EP0057856A3 (en) 1982-09-01

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