EP0048932B1 - Mauerstein - Google Patents

Mauerstein Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0048932B1
EP0048932B1 EP81107524A EP81107524A EP0048932B1 EP 0048932 B1 EP0048932 B1 EP 0048932B1 EP 81107524 A EP81107524 A EP 81107524A EP 81107524 A EP81107524 A EP 81107524A EP 0048932 B1 EP0048932 B1 EP 0048932B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
teeth
tooth
block according
block
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81107524A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0048932A1 (de
Inventor
Heinrich Oltmanns
Axel Granz
Willi Dr. Dalhoff
Bernhard Flucke
Wolfgang Schade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OLTMANNS ZIEGEL und KUNSTSTOFFE GmbH
Original Assignee
OLTMANNS ZIEGEL und KUNSTSTOFFE GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OLTMANNS ZIEGEL und KUNSTSTOFFE GmbH filed Critical OLTMANNS ZIEGEL und KUNSTSTOFFE GmbH
Priority to AT81107524T priority Critical patent/ATE7240T1/de
Publication of EP0048932A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048932A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0048932B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048932B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
    • E04B2002/0234—Angular dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0232—Undercut connections, e.g. using undercut tongues and grooves
    • E04B2002/0239—Round dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0252—Dovetail keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brick, the abutting surfaces are shaped as a tooth profile with a plurality of trapezoidal teeth and tooth gaps, which interlock in a form-fitting manner when stones meet.
  • Such a brick has become known (DE-B-2 529 337).
  • the well-known brick consists of gas concrete and is produced in the form that a gas concrete mass block is poured in a flat shape and, after being rubbed, is tilted onto a longitudinal side wall of the mold. By cutting in the horizontal and vertical direction, it is divided into bricks, the tooth profile or grooves or tongues being produced by the relative movement of milling tools in the horizontal or vertical direction.
  • Such a method leads to bricks, the abutting surfaces of which interlock without the aid of a binding agent.
  • the processing of the brick in the manufacture is, however, relatively complex.
  • the stone In any case, the stone must be aligned and shifted after it has been placed on the mortar bed, whereby a layer of mortar or a mortar shaft is inevitably pushed between the two bricks.
  • Another disadvantage is that not the entire butt surface is shaped as a tooth profile, so stones of different formats or cannot be butted against each other at a cut.
  • the invention has for its object to allow a mortar butt joint for a brick with simultaneous improvement of thermal insulation in the butt joint area, without the production of the butt joint profile requires additional effort and the butt joint profile is easily damaged by handling during transport or bricking.
  • the tooth profile is formed by extrusion in a porous perforated brick made of ceramic material with a hole percentage of 40 to 50% and holes are provided in the teeth.
  • the automatic centering when placing two perforated bricks according to the invention against one another is particularly favored by the trapezoidal shape of the teeth. Nevertheless, the tolerances can be within a range, as a result of which a full engagement of the teeth in the tooth gaps is not always achieved.
  • An embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the end tooth abutment surfaces protrude somewhat from the abutment surfaces of the other teeth. According to a further embodiment of the invention, the excess of the end tooth abutment surfaces can be between 1 and 3 mm. As a result, the teeth do not engage as far as possible on the flanks or the bottom of the gaps. Nevertheless, the centering effect described is retained. The appearance of the joint on both sides of the wall is not affected.
  • the holes in the teeth can extend more or less into the area of the web between the gaps and the perforation of the teeth.
  • the shape of the holes is also arbitrary.
  • the dimension of the holes transverse to the longitudinal axis is preferably relatively small, preferably 5 to 10 mm.
  • Such a dimensioning of the holes has the advantage that they are in are able to effectively accommodate a hook end of a wall anchor.
  • Such wall anchors are prescribed for veneer layers, which are upstream of each load-bearing wall. So that such wall anchors, which extend over a short distance in the bed joint, do not increase the thickness of the bed joint, they must be sunk more or less far into the bearing surface. With relatively soft brick material, this countersinking can be achieved by striking with a hammer or the like. In the case of harder material, an embodiment of the invention provides that a groove or groove aligned with the holes for receiving the wall anchor is formed in the webs.
  • the processing of the perforated brick according to the invention also for non-specialists is made considerably easier by the fact that the bearing surfaces are ground plane-parallel.
  • a wall can be erected by simply stacking the stones.
  • the bricks can be connected to the bearing surfaces with the aid of a thin-bed mortar known per se, which is previously applied in a small thickness.
  • Such a process does not require any specialist knowledge and is therefore particularly suitable for self-construction. Grinding is only necessary on the bearing surfaces. Because of the high proportion of holes, grinding the bearing surfaces has proven to be easy to carry out.
  • the amount of material to be applied is relatively small and is easy to manage in terms of nuisance, pollution of the environment and removal.
  • the grinding of the highly porous bearing surfaces also leads to the formation of a large number of tiny pockets, which have an effective hooking effect when bricks are connected.
  • the perforated brick according to the invention preferably has a brick density of 0.6 to 0.8 and a degree of porosity of at least 50 pores per 5 cm 2 , the proportion of holes being no greater than 40 to 50, preferably no greater than 46% by volume.
  • Fig. 1 shows two hollow blocks 10, 11 made of porous brick material.
  • the format is arbitrary or can be one of the usual approved formats.
  • a hole arrangement 12 gives the stones 10, 11 a lattice structure in a known manner. The so-called hole percentage is between 40 and 50% by volume.
  • the stones 10, 11 are ribbed on the long sides, as shown at 14. The degree of porosity is at least 50 pores per 5 cm 2.
  • the brick density is between 0.6 and 0.8.
  • the bearing surfaces of the stones 10, 11, of which only the upper ones can be seen at 15 and 16, are ground plane-parallel overall.
  • the bricks 10, 11 have a tooth profile with teeth 17 and 18 and tooth gaps 19 and 20, respectively.
  • Each end face or abutting surface of the module 10 has three trapezoidal teeth 17 and three trapezoidal tooth gaps 19.
  • the tooth profiles are not symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 21 the stone 10, 11, but shaped and dimensioned so that they interlock regardless of the orientation of the stones with a positive fit.
  • Straight abutting surfaces 22, 23 are provided on the sides, the width of which corresponds approximately to the width of the head of a tooth.
  • the distance between the tooth centers is slightly more than 60 mm, the height of the teeth 17, 18 is approximately half the width of the tooth gaps 19, 20 in the base.
  • the tooth or gap distance is otherwise independent of the format of the stone, i. H. the number of teeth grows with the width of a stone.
  • the width of a web 40 between the perforation 12 and the gaps 19 is constant over the stone width and approximately equal to the height of the teeth 17 over the gaps 19.
  • the position of the final tooth butt surfaces 23 is dimensioned such that they protrude by a small amount in relation to the other tooth butt surfaces, for example by 1 to 2 mm.
  • Holes 24 are also provided in the area of the teeth 17 in order to likewise achieve a sufficient proportion of holes in this end area in order to improve the thermal insulation and reduce the mass.
  • the shape of the holes 24 is arbitrary, their dimensions in the transverse direction are relatively small, for. B. 5 mm, so that a wall anchor can be effectively taken up.
  • Fig. 1 circular holes 24 are formed.
  • a groove or elongated recess 41 of 1 to 3 mm depth which serves to receive the wall anchor section which runs in the area of the bearing surface.
  • the tooth profiles of the stones 10, 11 shown in FIG. 1 form a kind of labyrinth seal, so that the thermal resistance in the joint area of the stones 10, 11 deviates not insignificantly from the other areas of the stones.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device 30 for applying a binding agent to the bearing surfaces 15, 16 of the stones according to FIG. 1. It consists of a plate-like block 31 made of foam, for example PU foam or polystyrene, on which a handle section 32 in one piece on the top is formed with an undercut 33, through which the handle 32 can be gripped better by hand.
  • a plate-like block 31 made of foam, for example PU foam or polystyrene, on which a handle section 32 in one piece on the top is formed with an undercut 33, through which the handle 32 can be gripped better by hand.
  • the device 34 also has a foam plate 35 which is provided on the upper side with a continuous recess 36, in the side wall of which grooves 37 are formed.
  • a plate 38 of a cleaning board is received from the grooves and is provided with a handle 39 in a known manner.
  • the positive connection between the plaster board and plate 35 is expediently lightly clamped in order to prevent the plaster board from slipping out of the plate 35 during handling.
  • the devices 30 and 34 are used in such a way that they are gripped on the handles 32 and 39 and immersed in a binder supply. Due to the structure of the material used for the plates 31 and 35, a certain amount of binding agent sticks when the device is raised again. Then the device 30 or 34 is guided more or less from above against the bearing surfaces 15 or 16 and brought into contact with it. Subsequent lifting leaves a certain amount of binder on the webs of the bearing surfaces 15, 16 in order to ensure a continuous, secure connection to the bearing surfaces of a stone placed above it.
  • the bricks 50, 51 partially shown in FIG. 4 have a tooth profile on the abutting surfaces, which is similar to that of the stones according to FIG. 1.
  • the bricks 50, 51 have a dovetail groove 52 and 53 on the abutting surfaces, which are aligned with one another when the bricks are placed against one another.
  • the pair of grooves receives a correspondingly shaped insert 54, which can be made, for example, of plastic or of corrosion-resistant steel sheet in order to lock the bricks 50, 51 against one another.
  • oval holes 55 can be formed in cross section in the region of the teeth of the tooth profile.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
EP81107524A 1980-09-29 1981-09-22 Mauerstein Expired EP0048932B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81107524T ATE7240T1 (de) 1980-09-29 1981-09-22 Mauerstein.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3036662 1980-09-29
DE3036662 1980-09-29
DE3118881 1981-05-13
DE19813118881 DE3118881A1 (de) 1980-09-29 1981-05-13 "ziegel"

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048932A1 EP0048932A1 (de) 1982-04-07
EP0048932B1 true EP0048932B1 (de) 1984-04-25

Family

ID=25788140

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81107524A Expired EP0048932B1 (de) 1980-09-29 1981-09-22 Mauerstein

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0048932B1 (da)
BR (1) BR8106115A (da)
DE (1) DE3118881A1 (da)
DK (1) DK373981A (da)
ES (1) ES260496Y (da)
NO (1) NO813292L (da)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3400907A1 (de) * 1984-01-12 1985-07-25 Klaus Dipl.-Ing. 6053 Obertshausen Walther Mauerstein
DE8900283U1 (de) * 1989-01-11 1989-04-20 Deutsche Poroton GmbH, 4630 Bochum Großformatiger Schallschutzziegel
FR2656358A1 (fr) * 1989-12-27 1991-06-28 Moulin Jean Yves Bloc de construction reversible pour montage sans ciment.
GB9108592D0 (en) * 1991-04-22 1991-06-05 Hepworth Building Prod Building block
RU2178047C2 (ru) * 2000-02-04 2002-01-10 Петраков Борис Иванович Каменная кладка наружных стен из крупноформатных пустотных поризованных камней с облицовкой
DE212004000002U1 (de) 2003-03-07 2005-01-20 Roitmair, Helmut Bausteinverbund
KR20060124646A (ko) 2003-12-18 2006-12-05 씨브이 쎄러퓨틱스, 인코포레이티드 1-아칸-2-올 치환된 피페라진 및 피페리딘 화합물
AT520195B1 (de) * 2017-11-14 2019-02-15 Arch Bm Dipl Ing Dr Horst Gamerith Prof Dämmmaterialfreier Hochlochziegel mit tragender Lamellenstruktur zur Gebäudekonstruktion
DE102020001051A1 (de) 2020-02-19 2021-08-19 Eduard Panosian Mauerwerks-Stein

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH347630A (de) * 1960-12-13 1960-07-15 Kym Hans Satz von Bauelementen
DE1953354A1 (de) * 1969-10-23 1971-05-27 Forsch Entwicklungsgesellschaf Mauerstein mit Aussparungen
LU61536A1 (da) * 1970-08-18 1970-10-22
DE2226460A1 (de) * 1972-05-31 1973-12-06 Nikol Schaller Ziegelwerk Inh Grossblockstein
FR2252464A1 (en) * 1973-11-27 1975-06-20 Raisin Georges Hollow or solid wall section of compressed material - has dihedral corner groove receiving sealing mortar
DE2529337B2 (de) * 1975-07-01 1978-10-12 Ytong Ag, 8000 Muenchen Mauerstein und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE7632861U1 (de) * 1976-10-21 1978-05-11 Nievenheimer Bausteinwerke Gmbh & Co Kg, 4047 Dormagen Mauerstein
DE2823795C2 (de) 1978-05-31 1985-08-22 quick-mix Gruppe GmbH & Co KG, 4500 Osnabrück Verbindungsmittel zum Verbinden von Mauersteinen
DE8026034U1 (de) * 1980-09-29 1981-03-26 Oltmanns Ziegel und Kunststoffe GmbH, 26188 Edewecht Wandbaustein

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0048932A1 (de) 1982-04-07
ES260496Y (es) 1982-12-01
DK373981A (da) 1982-03-30
NO813292L (no) 1982-03-30
ES260496U (es) 1982-06-01
DE3118881A1 (de) 1982-06-24
BR8106115A (pt) 1982-06-01

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