EP0013428B1 - Article textile en nappe et son utilisation - Google Patents

Article textile en nappe et son utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0013428B1
EP0013428B1 EP19790105380 EP79105380A EP0013428B1 EP 0013428 B1 EP0013428 B1 EP 0013428B1 EP 19790105380 EP19790105380 EP 19790105380 EP 79105380 A EP79105380 A EP 79105380A EP 0013428 B1 EP0013428 B1 EP 0013428B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibres
textile fabric
ball
fabric according
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790105380
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0013428A1 (fr
Inventor
S.A. Breveteam
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Breveteam SA
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Breveteam SA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH15779A external-priority patent/CH625931B/de
Application filed by Breveteam SA filed Critical Breveteam SA
Priority to AT79105380T priority Critical patent/ATE6678T1/de
Publication of EP0013428A1 publication Critical patent/EP0013428A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0013428B1 publication Critical patent/EP0013428B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B68G1/00—Loose filling materials for upholstery
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/45—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by forming intermeshing loops or stitches from some of the fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/24992—Density or compression of components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249922—Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707—Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/3724—Needled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a textile fabric with a non-woven fiber layer which is consolidated by means of needling fibers.
  • fibers deposited in a surface can be erected perpendicularly to the surface with loop formation by special needling processes or the fiber layer can be structured with special arrangement and shrinkage of shrink fibers (e.g. CH-PS 529 247).
  • Colored effects can also be achieved, as is known, by using colored fiber flakes, by mixing fibers of different colors, by needling back a different colored fiber layer or the like.
  • these products have certain advantages over other types of needle felts, they are much more expensive to manufacture.
  • these structures also have the typically disadvantageous characteristic of needle felts, which is why in the flooring area z. B. because of their high fiber density, the desired comfort cannot be achieved. For e.g. B. Blankets and clothing needles are practically out of the question for this reason.
  • Needled carpets have also become known, in which yarns spun from wool are laid down in parallel on a support and fastened thereon by needling, with subsequent bonding with a binder. Because of the twisted, relatively thick yarns, the wool fibers are well bound to one another, so that subsequent, less violent needling is required than usual and a relatively good thread structure is retained.
  • a disadvantage is the high production costs and z. B. a restriction on thickness, color or pattern. In particular, in the case of such a product, any unevenness between the parallel rows of yarn appears immediately. Naturally, such yarns cannot be mixed with other, for example loose, fiber layers for the purpose of patterning.
  • the textile fabric of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the nonwoven fiber layer, which has a non-uniform surface, contains fiber structures of spherically entangled fibers, the fiber structures of which are consolidated by means of the needling fibers.
  • the structures or bodies consisting of the sparsely entangled fibers which are referred to below as ball yarns . Due to their structure, the ball yarns, in contrast to fibers or fiber flakes, on the one hand, and yarns, on the other hand, are preferably more or less free-flowing. B. the process of combining and laying the ball yarns in the fiber layer much easier, or only made possible.
  • the shape of these ball yarns can be either spherical or spherical, ie also elongated or of elongated shape and is therefore preferably in a cross section, for. B. essentially round like a yarn.
  • a length to width ratio of e.g. B. about 1: 1 the ball yarn is approximately or completely round, while it is at a width to length ratio of z. B. approximately 1: 2 approximately oval and with a ratio of width to length of z. B. can be approximately 1: 3 to 1: 5 approximately worm-shaped. It can also have a cylindrical shape. Formations of this type from z. B. many types of textile fibers can be handled well due to their flow and roll ability in the process of mixing and layering.
  • the ball yarns contain e.g. B. individual fibers of finite length, and the shape and the round cross-section arises from the spherically entangled arrangement of the fibers, which, for. B. are spherically devoured or curled.
  • the ball yarn can also contain spherically entangled pieces of helically spun fibers.
  • Spherical fiber aggregates are already known (DE-A-2 811 004), in which the individual fibers which are not twisted together are entangled with one another. These consist of lumps of tangled short fibers or pieces of thread and are suitable as sealing or cushioning material. A collection of a large number of fiber pieces is undesirable for sufficient entanglement.
  • the known lumps of fibers can only be combined with each other or with another material such. B. attach to a support.
  • B. attach to a support.
  • their short fiber lengths of 3 mm they are therefore only limited and their dense structure can be used accordingly. So they can not be used for textile fabrics, if products with low hardness and density are desired or further processing of the same due to their structure with binding-free solidification, e.g. B. for the production of textile fabrics, is required.
  • Felted fibers are known to be a random, inextricable mass, or a jumble of fibers in a crossed position with a high density of (Jaumann, New large manual of textile science, specialist book publisher Dr. Pfannenberg & Co., Giessen, 1956, 2nd edition, Pages 689-693), the more than 0.1 gr / cm3, * z. B. is up to 0.6 gr / cm 3 . (Handbook for Textile Engineers and Textile Practitioners, Section T 14, E. Wagner, Mechanical-Technological-Textile Examinations, Dr. Spohr-Verlag, Wupperthal-Elberfeld, 1966, 8th edition, page 293).
  • Products made from felted fibers are therefore known to have a heavy grip (Fischer-Bobsin, Lexicon textile finishing and border areas, Verlag Fischer-Bobsin, Dülmen-Daldrup, 1960, 2nd edition, pages 694-695).
  • spherical fiber agglomerations with a diameter of 5 mm are known (DE-C-1 283 084, or FR-A-1 422835, DE-B-1 561 625 or DE-A-682 175), in which wood fibers are merely placed against one another are and which are made from an aqueous suspension to avoid their dissolution by means of weak turbulence which acts over several hours.
  • the fiber balls separated and dried from the suspension have a density of 0.02-1 and correspond in size to the length of the fibers, which is 0.2-15 mm. Because of the dependence of the ball size on the respective fiber length, the structure of the ball from fibers placed against one another is decisive and limited to the use of a selected fiber material.
  • Such fiber structures are particularly suitable only for the production of building boards, moldings or paper because of the short fibers and the use of binders.
  • flammable spherical fiber structures known from FR-A-898 980 are also built up from matted fibers and therefore likewise have non-properties which go beyond their use as a fuel.
  • the spherical yarns of the textile fabric according to the invention have fibers with a needle density and a structure in which the fibers can be arranged following the curvature of the spherical shape due to their sufficient length, preferably at least 15 mm, or they can be oriented accordingly, so that they're spherically involved. Because of the needled density, the fiber layer of the textile fabric according to the invention can therefore not only be consolidated by needling, but also by crocheting or knitting.
  • the fiber structures can therefore be referred to as kinetically independent parts, which result in the non-uniform surface, which can be patterned as desired, e.g. B. can be textured or have different colors.
  • the fibers Due to the intricate arrangement, the fibers are held in the ball yarn and get z. B. a desired pre-consolidation with each other, similar to z. B. in a conventional loosely twisted fiber yarn, so that, if desired, the consolidation by the needle process can be less intensive and a greater thickness and elasticity of the product and better maintenance of the structure can be achieved.
  • Due to the spherically entangled fibers are the same z. B. in a still sufficiently loose arrangement so that the ball yarn z. B. are actively needled.
  • the fiber layer can therefore be needled in an advantageous manner by fibers originating from it. But they can also be passively needled, i.e. H. needling fibers can be guided through the ball yarns or pulled or introduced into the same.
  • the ball yarns Due to the shape of the Kugetgarns z. B. a body with defined dimensions and a closed structure with non-parallel fibers and with a surface in which the fibers due to their arrangement z. B. are held with their ends inside the ball yarn and secured against unwanted falling out.
  • the ball yarns therefore have greater cohesion, e.g. B. tensile strength and abrasion resistance as a known untwisted fiber structure, such as. B. a fiber flake in which the surface protrudes outward, not secured against pulling fibers.
  • Needling fibers are also to be understood below, as they are not only the needling technology in nonwovens, eg. B. in nonwovens or textile composites, but also when crocheting, knitting or the like, for. B. can result actively or passively involved.
  • the ball yarn can also, for. B. after a multi-needle process, sewn present, which is why z. B. also fibers of sewing threads or these are to be understood as needling fibers.
  • the ball yarns can be present in an amount of approximately 10-100% by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber layer.
  • the round ball yarns can have a diameter of 3-50 mm.
  • the worm-shaped ball yarns can have a thickness of about 3-50 mm and a length of z. B. 9-150 mm.
  • the size or thickness of the individual ball cigarettes depends, for. B. Except for the fiber unit, fiber quality and length from the amount of fibers involved. In the needled state, the fiber density in a loose ball yarn z. B. 0.01 to 0.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the textile fabric thus preferably has novel properties that z. B. depend on the type, density and needling of the ball yarns.
  • the ball yarns can be of the same or different properties.
  • Each ball yarn can contain one type of fiber or fiber blend or have one or more colors.
  • crimped fibers can result in additional structuring and bulk.
  • Mixed ball yarns made from natural fibers and ball yarns made from synthetic fibers can also be present.
  • the stack lengths can be chosen arbitrarily within the scope of the manufacturing possibilities and are, for. B. at 40-120 mm.
  • the fiber titer can be between about 3 dtex and 100 dtex, preferably between 6 and 40 dtex, and it can be advantageous for e.g. B. a desired structuring a proportion of coarse fibers.
  • Ball yarn can advantageously lie next to ball yarn.
  • a single-layer structure and thus a single-layer textile fabric can be formed, which, for. B. has a thickness that corresponds to the thickness of the ball yarn after needling. But there can also be superimposed ball yarns, so that a correspondingly thicker fiber layer can be formed, and the ball yarns can have different sizes or diameters and z.
  • Ball yarns of different sizes can be mixed together.
  • the fiber layer can be built up from a layer of ball yarns of large diameter and an overlying layer of ball yarns of smaller diameter and both layers can be consolidated by needling.
  • the ball yarns in the fiber layer can also be made with a fiber material, e.g. B. the same as described above for the ball yarn, but of a different shape, for. B. with elongated fiber pieces, fiber flakes or fibers themselves are present or embedded therein if this z. B. is desired for additional consolidation, patterning or filling gaps between the ball yarns.
  • a mixture of ball yarns with another fiber material can be used for z. B. Outer clothing purposes may be advantageous.
  • the fiber structure layer can, however, also be needled with a carrier layer, so that the ball yarns are fastened thereon.
  • the ball yarns can, in particular, also be placed loosely on the carrier layer and connected to it by needling.
  • the backing layer can be a passively needled sheet, such as. B. a plastic film, grid film, a network, a fabric, a knitted fabric, fiber composite, paper, cardboard or the like.
  • the backing layer may also be an actively needlable sheet, so that the textile sheet can additionally be needled from the needlable backing.
  • a layer made of a material of a different shape than the ball yarns can be fastened over the fiber layer with the ball yarns.
  • B. consist of textile fibers or of non-textile nature or composition and z.
  • B. be connected to the type of that of the carrier layer by needling.
  • the cover layer can prevent damage from excessive needling of heavily pre-consolidated ball yarn. The risk of damage to the ball yarns can also be avoided by mixing them with another fiber material as described above.
  • a textile fabric 1 consists of a non-woven fiber layer 2, which contains individual fiber structures 3.
  • Each fiber structure 3 is made up of fibers 4 which are spherically entangled, e.g. B. devoured in the manner of a ball, or rolled up.
  • the fiber structures 3 are delimited round bodies, i. H. round ball yarns 3a, from which the fiber layer 2 is constructed.
  • the ball yarns 3a and thus the fiber layer 2 are needled and solidified by holding fibers 5 originating from the ball yarns 3a.
  • the needled fibers 4 can therefore be gripped by needles, such as those used to solidify textile fabrics in the needle felting technique, without great resistance and without substantial destruction of the fiber layer and also without excessive wear of the needles and in the direction transverse to the surface plane of the fiber layer 2 Ball yarns 3a are passed through.
  • the textile fabric 1 consists solely of the fiber layer 2 composed of the ball yarns 3a, which preferably have a regular shape and essentially the same dimensions, and therefore has a thickness A, which is equal to a diameter B of the individual needles Ball yarn 3a is.
  • the solidification can also with other suitable needle techniques such. B. with Maliwatt, Malimo or Malipol process.
  • the textile fabric 1 has a non-uniform, e.g. B. knob-like, d. H. structured surface 6.
  • the fiber layers 2 or possibly protruding or protruding holding fibers 5 can additionally by a binder (not shown), for. B. solidified by soaking with the same and then drying.
  • non-woven fiber layer 7 made of ball yarns 8 with spherically entangled fibers 9 and therefore has a non-uniform, e.g. B. structured surface 11.
  • a carrier layer 12 for. B. connected from a nonwoven fabric so that a textile fabric 13 is present.
  • Fig. 4 In the deposited non-needle t s state as Fig. 4 shows, have the ball yarns 8 a round shape.
  • the round ball yarns are flattened or flattened (Fig. 2), which, for. B. depends on the strength or intensity of the needling or the bulk of the ball yarns.
  • the needling can also result in a constriction, so that there can be an original structure such as that shown in FIG. B. cannot be achieved with two-dimensional, flat-laid fibers.
  • a non-woven fiber layer 14 contains worm-shaped ball yarns 15 of various sizes made of spherically entangled fibers 16.
  • the ball yarns 15 are needled by means of holding fibers 17 with a carrier layer 18 and fastened thereon, so that overall a textile fabric 19 is present.
  • a non-uniform surface 20 with a particularly pronounced structure.
  • a fiber layer 21 according to FIG. 1 contains distributed ball yarns 22 made of spherically entangled fibers 23.
  • the ball yarns 22 are embedded in a fiber material 24 which fills the spaces 25 between the ball yarns 22 and forms the fiber layer 21 together with them.
  • the ball yarns 22 are fastened together with the fiber material 24 by means of holding fibers 26 by needling on a carrier layer 27.
  • a cover layer 28 made of a fiber material of a different shape can be placed over the ball yarns 22, which is also connected to the carrier layer 27 by needle punching with the ball yarns 22.
  • a fiber layer 30 is given superimposed ball yarns 31 and 31a of different sizes, which are connected to a carrier layer 33 by holding fibers 32 by means of needling.
  • a textile fabric 34 with a pronounced structure in the surface 35.
  • Fig. 9 shows the construction of a ball yarn 36 from individual fibers 37, which are spherically entangled. They are loosely intertwined entangled, their ends 38 loosely wrapped around other fibers 37, or spherically curled around them, whereby they are held in the fiber structure.
  • spherical orientation corresponding to the spherical shape of the ball yarn 36 in the spatial dimensions according to arrows A, B and C.
  • the fibers 37 are essentially separated from one another and have a length of at least 15 mm due to smaller or larger air spaces 39, the dimensions of which substantially exceed that of the fiber thickness, and are in contact with one another only through the loose intertwining. There is therefore a structure of the loosely intertwined fibers 37, so that they can be individually grasped and pulled out of the same without any significant resistance and without disintegration of the ball yarn 36.
  • the ball yarn 36 therefore has a low, needle density and z. B. a bulky, through which it can be compressed without much effort.
  • the ball yarn 36 has a three-dimensional dimension and also an elasticity, by means of which it can essentially or completely resume its original shape after relief.
  • This is e.g. B. with laid fibers, d. H. two-dimensional structures or in the case of twisted yarns with their fibers which are closely adjacent due to the rotation and are therefore present in high density.
  • there is mechanical strengthening which is caused solely by the spherical interlacing or by spherical curling, this entanglement strength preventing the ball yarn 36 from dissolving.
  • the ball yarn of the textile fabric according to the invention can also not be compared with a pimple or a nisse, which is known to consist of a tangle of intertwined fibers which have been drawn into a nodule. (P. Böttcher, Textiltechnik, VEB subuchverlag, Leipzig 1970, pages 750 and 758).
  • a nit is also an unwanted or undesirable defective product and has a size of less than 3 mm, i. H. for this reason alone it is not needable and contains e.g. B. only 10 individual fibers.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention is z. B. made up of much more than 10 individual fibers.
  • the ball yarn can be pre-consolidated before it is used in the textile fabric.
  • the natural felting ability of wool fibers can be used, by means of which an additional strength can be achieved in the ball yarn while maintaining its needle density, in addition to the spherical entanglement of the fibers.
  • the ball yarn can also be soaked or coated with a binder.
  • the loose structure of the same is advantageous because the surface of the individual fibers can be reached by the binder and this can fully penetrate the ball yarn, which z. B. also applies to colorants.
  • z. B. pimples or nits or yarns, however, the surface of the individual fibers is blocked by adjacent fibers and therefore not reachable for a binder in the same way as with ball yarn.
  • ball yarns are listed in the table below, with ball yarn diameter, fiber values and needling conditions given for different types of fibers.
  • the needling conditions are e.g. B. only one parameter in a series of conditions, e.g. B. determined by the qualitative requirements for the ball yarn, or the textile fabric.
  • the needle densities or stitch densities can be kept the same for different sizes and types of fibers of the ball yarns; however, the stitch density can also be reduced by 25-50% if this is due to e.g. B. the size of the ball yarn, fiber type or the like is advantageous because there is already some pre-interlacing of the fibers due to the spherical entanglement of the same in the ball yarn.
  • the ball diameter, d. H. the size of the ball yarn is z. B. regardless of the fiber length. Thus balls with a diameter of 4 mm and those with a diameter of 25 mm can be produced with the same fiber length.
  • the ball size can also depend on the fiber fineness, crimping of the fibers used or their modulus of elasticity.
  • the fiber material can therefore be deposited and solidified precisely at a desired location of a fiber layer to be produced or fastened to a carrier layer.
  • a layer of larger diameter ball yarns can also be deposited in a metered manner or the gaps between the larger ball yarns can be filled in with smaller ball yarns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (17)

1. Article textile en nappe comportant une couche de fibres non tissée qui est renforcée au moyen de fibres d'épinglage, caractérisé en ce que la couche de fibres non tissée, qui présente une surface non uniforme, contient des masses de fibres distinctes les unes des autres qui sont formées de fibres emêlées sphériquement et qui sont renforcées à l'aide de fibres d'épinglage.
2. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres sont renforcées par épinglage actif ou passif.
3. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de fibres est d'une épaisseur qui correspond à une épaisseur des masses de fibres.
4. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres se présentent sous une forme ronde, par exemple shérique ou se rapprochant de la forme sphérique, par exemple sous une forme vermiforme, ovale ou cylindrique.
5. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres sont de même nature ou de nature différente, par exemple en ce qui concerne la dimension, la couleur, la conformation, le genre de fibres ou l'épuivalent.
6. Article textile en nappe suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2,.caractérisé en ce que la couche de fibres se compose en majeure partie de masses de fibres comportant des fibres emmêlées sphériquement.
7. Article textile en nappe suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres sont épinglées à une couche de support.
8. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support est un article en nappe se prêtant à un épinglage passif, tel qu'une feuille de matière synthétique, une . feuille de grille, un filet, un tissu tissé, une matière fibreuse composite, du papier, du carton ou une autre matière du même genre.
9. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche de support, qui contient avantageusement des fibres textiles, se prête à un épinglage actif.
10. Article textile suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres contiennent des fibres naturelles, telles que, par exemple, des fibres de coton, de laine, de poils d'animaux ou l'équivalent, ou des fibres synthétiques, ou un mélange de ces fibres.
11. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1 ou suivant la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les masses de fibres contiennent des fibres synthétiques frisées ou ondulées.
12. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'au-dessus de la couche de fibres comportant les masses de fibres, il est prévu une couche de couverture qui est fixée, par exemple épinglée, à la couche de fibres.
13. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la couche de couverture contient des fibres textiles.
14. Article textile en nappe suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les fibres emmêlées sphériquement des masses de fibres sont d'une longueur d'au moins 15 mm et, avantageusement, d'une longueur de 40 à 120 mm.
15. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de fibres est renforcée par crochetage, pat tricotage ou par couture.
16. Article textile en nappe suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de fibres contient un mélange formé des masses de fibres et d'une matière fibreuse se présentant sous une autreforme.
17. Utilisation de l'article textile en nappe suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16,pour revêtements de sol ou de mur, pour couvertures, comme matière d'habillement, comme matière d'ameublement ou de garnissage, ou à des fins d'isolation.
EP19790105380 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Article textile en nappe et son utilisation Expired EP0013428B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79105380T ATE6678T1 (de) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Textiles flaechengebilde und dessen verwendung.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH157/79 1979-01-09
CH15779A CH625931B (de) 1979-01-09 1979-01-09 Textiles flaechengebilde und dessen verwendung.
CH10152/79 1979-11-14
CH1015279 1979-11-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0013428A1 EP0013428A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
EP0013428B1 true EP0013428B1 (fr) 1984-03-14

Family

ID=25683692

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790105380 Expired EP0013428B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Article textile en nappe et son utilisation
EP19790105379 Expired EP0013427B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Agglomérat fibreux sphérique

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790105379 Expired EP0013427B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Agglomérat fibreux sphérique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4481247A (fr)
EP (2) EP0013428B1 (fr)
AR (2) AR225161A1 (fr)
AU (2) AU529361B2 (fr)
CA (2) CA1151408A (fr)
DE (4) DE2966817D1 (fr)
DK (2) DK149367C (fr)
NZ (2) NZ192534A (fr)

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DE19929382A1 (de) * 1999-06-28 2001-03-08 Falke Garne Zweigniederlassung Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses sowie ein Nadelvlies
DE10132103C1 (de) * 2001-07-03 2003-04-30 Filzfabrik Fulda Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gemusterten textilen Flächengebildes
DE102006001093A1 (de) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-12 TESCH, Günter Textiler Boden- und Wandbelag mit einer kugelförmige Faseraggregate enthaltenden Sichtschicht

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EP0053700B1 (fr) * 1980-12-10 1986-04-30 S.A. Breveteam Tapis de sol non-tissé
EP0053701B1 (fr) * 1980-12-10 1985-03-20 S.A. Breveteam Voile textile non-tissé
US4618531A (en) * 1985-05-15 1986-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill and process
US4794038A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill
CH676358A5 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1991-01-15 Breveteam Sa
CH671011A5 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1989-07-31 Breveteam Sa
DE3700681A1 (de) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-21 Breveteam Sa Sphaerisches faseraggregat, insbesondere als fuell- oder polstermaterial
DE3700680A1 (de) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-21 Breveteam Sa Faserkugeln enthaltendes fuellgut, insbesondere fuer decken oder als polstermaterial
CA1303837C (fr) * 1987-01-12 1992-06-23 Gunter Tesch Granulat a base de fibres et procede de fabrication connexe
CH677659A5 (fr) * 1987-11-19 1991-06-14 Breveteam Sa
CH679822B5 (fr) * 1988-01-12 1992-10-30 Breveteam Sa
CH676079A5 (fr) * 1988-03-28 1990-12-14 Tesch G H
CH679370A5 (fr) * 1989-07-10 1992-02-14 Tesch G H
FI85033C (fi) * 1990-03-08 1992-02-25 Scanwoven Ab Oy Vaddmatta samt foerfarande foer tillverkning av densamma.
DE4217440C2 (de) * 1992-05-26 1995-03-30 Tesch G H Verfahren zur Herstellung eines genadelten Teppichs und genadelter Teppich
DE4244252C2 (de) * 1992-12-27 1998-07-16 Guenter Tesch Textiler Bodenbelag mit aus sphärisch verwickelten, textilen Fasern bestehenden kugelförmigen Faseraggregaten und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE4244251C2 (de) * 1992-12-27 1998-07-23 Guenter Tesch Verfahren zur Verfestigung eines textilen Bodenbelages und gleichzeitigen Befestigung desselben auf einem Untergrund
ES2175657T3 (es) 1997-01-10 2002-11-16 Falke Garne Zweigniederlassung Estructura plana, en particular una tela no tejida.
CH693750A5 (de) * 1999-08-20 2004-01-15 Gunter Tesch Textiles Gebilde, insbesondere Flaechengebilde mit einer Sicht- und Nutzschicht aus Faseraggregaten und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.
KR20030065784A (ko) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-09 하종언 반발성이 우수한 부직포
US7111342B2 (en) * 2002-08-26 2006-09-26 The Felters Group Interior treatments and furniture of fibrous felt construction
DE102004028801B4 (de) * 2004-06-15 2010-09-09 Findeisen Gmbh Nadelvlies mit Oberflächenstruktur sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses mit Oberflächenstruktur
GB2427357A (en) * 2005-06-22 2006-12-27 Bandvulc Tyres Ltd Carpet underlay
ITAR20090016A1 (it) * 2009-03-19 2010-09-20 Gualtieri Marco Elemento lastriforme di tessuto non tessuto, particolarmente per imbottiture e isolanti termici ed acustici, e suo procedimento realizzativo
JP2016510365A (ja) * 2013-01-22 2016-04-07 プリマロフト，インコーポレイテッド 改良された耐久性及び撥水性を有する吹き込み可能な絶縁材料
DE102014002060B4 (de) 2014-02-18 2018-01-18 Carl Freudenberg Kg Volumenvliesstoffe, Verwendungen davon und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP3215663B1 (fr) * 2014-11-07 2021-09-29 The North Face Apparel Corp. Constructions pour la distribution de matériau de remplissage
DE102016110895A1 (de) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-14 Ivonne Bonatz Vernähter Filzverbund

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US3243861A (en) * 1963-02-13 1966-04-05 Kendall & Co Method of making a textured nonwoven fabric
US3457738A (en) * 1968-02-07 1969-07-29 Burlington Industries Inc Ornamental fabric
BE728622A (fr) * 1968-03-16 1969-08-01
DE2014970A1 (de) * 1970-03-28 1971-10-14 Oskar DiIo KG, 6930 Eberbach Vorrichtung zum Vernadeln von Faser lunten mit einem Faservlies
US3788935A (en) * 1970-05-27 1974-01-29 Gen Technologies Corp High shear-strength fiber-reinforced composite body
JPS5857536B2 (ja) * 1977-03-14 1983-12-20 セントラル硝子株式会社 繊維塊状体の製造装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19929382A1 (de) * 1999-06-28 2001-03-08 Falke Garne Zweigniederlassung Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses sowie ein Nadelvlies
DE19929382B4 (de) * 1999-06-28 2007-01-04 Horus Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses sowie ein Nadelvlies
DE10132103C1 (de) * 2001-07-03 2003-04-30 Filzfabrik Fulda Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gemusterten textilen Flächengebildes
DE102006001093A1 (de) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-12 TESCH, Günter Textiler Boden- und Wandbelag mit einer kugelförmige Faseraggregate enthaltenden Sichtschicht

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK149367B (da) 1986-05-20
DK8880A (da) 1980-07-10
US4481247A (en) 1984-11-06
AU5430880A (en) 1980-07-17
EP0013427A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
EP0013427B1 (fr) 1984-05-16
DE2966817D1 (en) 1984-04-19
DE8000281U1 (de) 1980-07-10
CA1165987A (fr) 1984-04-24
DK8780A (da) 1980-07-10
AU529361B2 (en) 1983-06-02
AR225161A1 (es) 1982-02-26
DE8000301U1 (de) 1980-07-24
AR226834A1 (es) 1982-08-31
AU530341B2 (en) 1983-07-14
DK149367C (da) 1986-11-24
NZ192535A (en) 1982-03-30
DE2966997D1 (en) 1984-06-20
DK148715B (da) 1985-09-09
CA1151408A (fr) 1983-08-09
AU5430980A (en) 1980-07-17
EP0013428A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
NZ192534A (en) 1982-03-30
DK148715C (da) 1986-04-01

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