EP0013427B1 - Agglomérat fibreux sphérique - Google Patents

Agglomérat fibreux sphérique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0013427B1
EP0013427B1 EP19790105379 EP79105379A EP0013427B1 EP 0013427 B1 EP0013427 B1 EP 0013427B1 EP 19790105379 EP19790105379 EP 19790105379 EP 79105379 A EP79105379 A EP 79105379A EP 0013427 B1 EP0013427 B1 EP 0013427B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ball
aggregate according
fibers
yarn
fibre aggregate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19790105379
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0013427A1 (fr
Inventor
S.A. Breveteam
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Breveteam SA
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Breveteam SA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CH15779A external-priority patent/CH625931B/de
Application filed by Breveteam SA filed Critical Breveteam SA
Priority to AT79105379T priority Critical patent/ATE7520T1/de
Publication of EP0013427A1 publication Critical patent/EP0013427A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0013427B1 publication Critical patent/EP0013427B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B68—SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY
    • B68G—METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B68G1/00—Loose filling materials for upholstery
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/45—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by forming intermeshing loops or stitches from some of the fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/23907—Pile or nap type surface or component
    • Y10T428/23986—With coating, impregnation, or bond
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24074—Strand or strand-portions
    • Y10T428/24091—Strand or strand-portions with additional layer[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/24992—Density or compression of components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249922—Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
    • Y10T442/3707—Woven fabric including a nonwoven fabric layer other than paper
    • Y10T442/3724—Needled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spherical fiber aggregate, in particular for textile fabrics, in which the fibers are entangled and which has a diameter of at least 3 mm.
  • Spherical fiber aggregates of the type mentioned at the outset are already known (DE-A-2811 004), which represent inextricable clumps of short fibers or pieces of thread and are suitable as sealing or cushioning materials. A collection of a large number of fiber pieces is undesirable for sufficient entanglement.
  • the known fiber lumps can be z. B. only by binder with each other or with another material, e.g. B. attach to a support. Particularly because of their short fiber lengths of 3 mm, they are therefore not suitable if products with low hardness and density are desired or required or if they are to be further processed with binder-free consolidation, e.g. B. for textile fabrics.
  • Felted fibers are known to be a random, inextricable mass or a jumble of fibers in a crossed position with high density (Jaumann, New Large Textile Handbook, specialist book publisher Dr. Pfannenberg & Co., G collecten, 1956, 2nd edition, pages 689- 693), which is more than 0.1 g / cm 3 , e.g. B. is up to 0.6 g / cm 3 (manual for textile engineers and textile practitioners, section T 14, E. Wagner, mechanical-technological textile tests, Dr. Spohr-Verlag, Wupperthal-Elberfeld, 1966, 8th edition, page 293 ).
  • Products made from felted fibers are therefore known to have a heavy grip (Fischer-Bobsin, Lexicon textile finishing and border areas, Verlag Fischer-Bobsin, Dülmen-Daldrup, 1960, 2nd edition, pages 694-695).
  • spherical fiber agglomerations of 5 mm in diameter are known (DE-C-1 283 084 or FR-A-1 422 835, DE-B-1 561 625 or BE-A-682 175), in which wood fibers are merely placed against one another are and which are made from an aqueous suspension to avoid their dissolution by means of weak turbulence which acts over several hours.
  • the fiber balls separated from the suspension and dried have a density of 0.02-1 and their size corresponds strictly to the length of the fibers, which is 0.2-15 mm. Because of the dependence of the ball size on the respective fiber length, the structure of the ball from fibers placed against one another is decisive and limited to the use of a selected fiber material.
  • Such fiber structures are particularly suitable only for the production of building boards, moldings or paper because of the short fibers and the use of binders.
  • flammable spherical fiber structures known from FR-A-898 980 are also made of felted fibers and therefore do not have properties that go beyond their use as a fuel.
  • the spherical fiber aggregate of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that there is a ball yarn in which the fibers are spherically entangled with a length of at least 15 mm in a needle density of 0.01 to 0.1 gr / cm 3 .
  • the ball yarn with the features described above is proposed as the basis for the fiber aggregate according to the invention.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention therefore surprisingly has a structure in which the fibers, owing to their sufficient length of at least 15 mm, are arranged essentially following the curvature of the ball shape or can be present in a correspondingly oriented manner so that they are spherically involved. Due to their needled density according to the invention, the individual fibers are not only individually accessible, but are located e.g. B. in a sufficiently loose arrangement. You can therefore z. B.
  • the ball yarn is z. B. also passively needle-capable, ie fibers can be guided through or pulled through it or introduced into it.
  • the spherical entanglement of the fibers in the ball yarn ensures a strength that allows the same to be handled without its dissolution, because the fibers are held in the ball yarn by the entangled arrangement and z. B. get a desired pre-consolidation with each other, similar to z. B. in a conventional loosely twisted fiber yarn. Due to the shape of the ball yarn z. B.
  • the ball yarn therefore has greater cohesion, e.g. B. tensile strength and Abrasion resistance on as a known untwisted fiber structure, such as. B. a fiber flake in which the surface has outwardly projecting fibers:
  • the ball yarn according to the invention contains z. B. individual fibers, ie individual fibers of finite length, and the shape and the round cross section arises from the spherically entangled arrangement of the fibers, the z. B. are spherically loosely entwined or rolled up.
  • the ball yarn can also contain spherically entangled pieces of helically spun fibers or fiber pieces made of parallel individual fibers.
  • the ball yarn is due to its structure such. B. in contrast to fibers, tufts of fibers or fiber flakes on the one hand and the known yarns on the other hand preferably more or less free-flowing or rollable.
  • the shape of the ball yarn can be either spherical or spherical, i.e. H. also be elongated or of elongated shape and is therefore preferably in a cross section z. B. like a yarn substantially round, d. H. it has a circular cross section.
  • a length to width ratio of e.g. B. about 1: 1 the ball yarn is approximately or completely round, while it is at a ratio of width to length of z. B. approximately 1: 2 approximately oval and with a ratio of width to length of z. B. 1: 3 to 1: 5 can be approximately worm-shaped. It can also have a cylindrical shape.
  • the so-called textile composites or nonwovens there is an even fiber distribution of the dissolved fiber material and a desired cohesion of the fiber layer, so that favorable conditions are created for needling.
  • the known flat structures therefore have a uniform surface and the fiber orientation corresponds to the desired anisotropy of the properties of the finished product (e.g. BR Krcma, Nonwoven Textiles SNTL Publishers of Technical Literature, Prague 1962, in coedition with Textiles Trade Press, Manchester, 1967, page 43, or R. Krcma, Handbuch der Textilverbundstoffe, Deutscher fraverlag GmbH, Frankfurt / M., 1970, page 167).
  • a structure of the fiber layer z. B. made of fiber flakes is possible, but because of their flat cross-section does not provide sufficient structure-forming elevations and depressions on the surface of the fiber layer.
  • the known needled fabrics are therefore limited to the wishes of z. B. for a visually or visually interesting or technically uneven design ...
  • fibers deposited in a surface can be erected perpendicularly to the surface with loops by special needling processes or the fiber layer can be structured with special arrangement and shrinkage of shrink fibers (e.g. CH-B-529 247).
  • Colored effects can also be achieved, as is known, by using colored fiber flakes, by mixing fibers of different colors, by needling back a different colored fiber layer or the like.
  • these products have certain advantages over other types of needle felts, they are much more expensive to manufacture.
  • these structures also have the typically disadvantageous characteristic of needle felts, which is why in the flooring area z. B. because of their high fiber density, the desired comfort cannot be achieved. For e.g. B. Blankets and clothing needles are practically out of the question for this reason.
  • Needled carpets have also become known, in which yarns spun from wool are laid down in parallel on a support and fastened thereon by needling, with subsequent bonding with a binder. Because of the twisted, relatively thick yarns, the wool fibers are well bound to one another, so that subsequent, less violent needling is required than usual and a relatively good thread structure is retained.
  • a disadvantage is the high production costs and z. B. a restriction on thickness, color or pattern. In particular, in the case of such a product, any unevenness between the parallel rows of yarn appears immediately. Naturally, such yarns cannot be mixed with other, for example loose, fiber layers for the purpose of patterning.
  • a textile fabric with a non-uniform surface which can be patterned as desired, e.g. B. can be textured or have different colors or types of fibers.
  • the ball yarn with the individual, untwisted fibers which are spherically entangled with one another in a needled density, can therefore be used in a nonwoven, consolidated fiber layer of a textile fabric, which by needling fibers, for. B. can be solidified by means of the same fibers.
  • Needling fibers are also to be understood below, as they are not only the needling technology in nonwovens, eg. B. in nonwovens or textile composites, but also when crocheting, knitting or the like can result, for. B. actively or passively involved, so that the ball yarn can also be in a crocheted or knitted fiber structure and can be solidified or fastened.
  • the ball yarn can also be sewn, e.g. B. in multi-needle process, which is why z. B. also fibers of sewing threads or these are to be understood as needling fibers.
  • the ball yarns can be present in an amount of approximately 10-100% by weight, based on the total weight of the fiber layer.
  • the round ball yarns can have a diameter of 3-50 mm.
  • the worm-shaped ball yarns can have a thickness of about 3-50 mm and a length of z. B. 9-150 mm.
  • the size or thickness of the individual ball yarns depends, for. B. apart from the fiber fineness, fiber quality and length from the amount of fibers involved.
  • the fiber density ie the packing density of the fibers, in a loosely deposited ball yarn, for. B. 0.01 to 0.1 g / cm 3 .
  • the textile fabric thus preferably has novel properties that z. B. depend on the type, density and needling of the ball yarns.
  • the ball yarns can be the same or different from each other. of different nature.
  • Each ball yarn can contain one type of fiber or fiber blend or have one or more colors.
  • Natural fibers, such as. B. cotton or wool fibers or animal hair, such as. B. goat hair fur or the like or synthetic fibers of various types, for example one or more multifilaments, such as. B. those made of polyamide, polypropylene, polyester, glass fibers or the like can be used, wherein textured z.
  • B. crimped fibers can result in additional structuring and bulk.
  • Mixed ball yarns made from natural fibers and ball yarns made from synthetic fibers can also be present.
  • the stack lengths can be chosen arbitrarily within the scope of the manufacturing possibilities and are, for. B. at 40-120 mm.
  • the fiber titer can be between about 3 dtex and 100 dtex, preferably between 6 and 40 dtex, and it can be advantageous for e.g. B. a desired structuring a proportion of coarse fibers.
  • Ball yarn can advantageously lie next to ball yarn.
  • a single-layer structure and thus a single-layer textile fabric can be formed, which, for. B. has a thickness that corresponds to the thickness of the ball yarn after needling. But there can also be superimposed ball yarns, so that a correspondingly thicker fiber layer can be formed, and the ball yarns can have different sizes or diameters and z.
  • Ball yarns of different sizes can be mixed together.
  • the fiber layer can be built up from a layer of ball yarns of large diameter and an overlying layer of ball yarns of smaller diameter and both layers can be consolidated by needling.
  • the ball yarns in the fiber layer can also be made with a fiber material, e.g. B. the same as described above for the ball yarn, but of a different shape, for. B. with elongated fiber pieces, fiber flakes or fibers themselves are present or embedded therein, if this z. B. is desired for additional consolidation, patterning or filling gaps between the ball yarns.
  • a mixture of ball yarns with another fiber material can be used for the textile fabric according to the invention for e.g. B. Outer clothing purposes may be advantageous:
  • the fiber layer can, however, also be needled with a carrier layer, so that the ball yarns are fastened thereon.
  • the ball yarns can, in particular, also be placed loosely on the carrier layer and connected to it by needling.
  • the backing layer can be a passively needled sheet, such as. B. a plastic film, grid film, a network, a fabric, a knitted fabric, fiber composite, paper, cardboard or the like.
  • the backing layer can, however, also be an actively needlable fabric, so that the textile fabric can additionally be needled from the needlable backing layer.
  • a layer made of a material of a different shape than the ball yarns can be fastened over the fiber layer with the ball yarns.
  • B. from - textile fibers or of non-textile nature or composition and z. B. can be of the type of that of the carrier layer.
  • the cover layer can be actively needled and connected to the ball yarn layer and optionally to the carrier layer by needling.
  • the cover layer prevents damage caused by excessive needling of pre-consolidated ball yarns.
  • the risk of damage to the ball yarns can also be avoided by mixing them with another fiber material as described above.
  • the fiber layer preferably contains the ball yarns over an entire extent of the textile fabric; however, these can also be present in a pattern only over part of the extent of the textile fabric.
  • the textile fabric can be used for a textile material, e.g. B. a floor or wall covering, a blanket, for clothing fabrics, for decorative fabrics or textile coverings, for. B. for covering upholstered furniture but also for insulation purposes.
  • a textile material e.g. B. a floor or wall covering, a blanket, for clothing fabrics, for decorative fabrics or textile coverings, for. B. for covering upholstered furniture but also for insulation purposes.
  • the ball yarns can be in the manner such. B. by entangling or by tangling fibers into balls or elongated structures between the fingers of the hand.
  • Technical manufacturing processes for spherical fiber aggregates are e.g. B. known from the aforementioned DE-OS 2 811 004.
  • a textile fabric 1 consists of a non-woven fiber layer 2, which contains individual spherical fiber aggregates.
  • Each fiber aggregate 3 is made up of fibers 4 which are spherically entangled, e.g. B. are devoured or rolled up in the manner of a ball.
  • the fiber aggregates 3 are delimited round bodies d. H. round ball yarns 3a, from which the fiber layer 2 is constructed.
  • the Kugetgarne 3a and thus the fiber layer 2 are needled and solidified by holding fibers 5 originating from the ball yarns 3a.
  • the needle-capable fibers 4 can therefore be gripped by needles, such as those used to solidify textile fabrics in needle felting technology, without great resistance and without substantial destruction of the fiber layer and also without excessive wear of the needles, and in the direction transverse to the surface plane of the fiber layer 2 through the Ball yarns 3a are passed through.
  • the textile fabric 1 consists solely of the fiber layer 2 made up of a plurality of ball yarns 3a, which preferably have a regular shape and essentially uniform dimensions, and therefore has a thickness A, which is equal to a diameter B of individual needled ball yarn 3a is.
  • the solidification can also with other suitable needle techniques such. B. with Maliwatt, Malimo or Malipol process.
  • the textile fabric 1 has a non-uniform, e.g. B. knob-like, d. H. structured surface 6.
  • the fiber layers 2 or optionally protruding or protruding holding fibers 5 can additionally by a binder (not shown), for. B. can also be solidified by soaking with the same and then drying.
  • non-woven fiber layer 7 made of ball yarns 8 with spherically entangled fibers 9 and therefore has a non-uniform, e.g. B. structured surface 11.
  • a carrier layer 12 for. B. connected from a nonwoven fabric so that a textile fabric 13 is present.
  • the ball yarns 8 have a round shape when they are in the un-needled state.
  • the round ball yarns are flattened or flattened (Fig. 2), which z. B. depends on the strength or intensity of the needling or the bulk of the ball yarns.
  • the needling can also result in a constriction, so that there can be an original structure, such as that shown in FIG. B. cannot be achieved with two-dimensional, flat-laid fibers.
  • a non-woven fiber layer 14 contains worm-shaped ball yarns 15 of different sizes made of spherically entangled fibers 16. Die. Kugetgarne 15 are needled by means of holding fibers 17 with a support layer 18 and attached to it, so that a textile fabric 19 is present overall. As a result of the different sizes and the shape of the ball yarns 15, there is a non-uniform surface 20 with a particularly pronounced structure.
  • a fiber layer 21 according to FIG. 7 contains distributed spherical yarns 22 made of spherically entangled fibers 23.
  • the spherical yarns 22 are embedded in a fiber material 24, which fills the spaces 25 between the spherical yarns 22 and forms the fiber layer 21 together with them.
  • the ball yarns 22 are fastened together with the fiber material 24 by means of holding fibers 26 by needling on a carrier layer 27.
  • a cover layer 28 made of a fiber material of a different shape than that of the ball yarns 22 can be placed over the ball yarns 22, through which the ball yarns 22 are connected to the carrier layer 27 by needling.
  • the fiber layer 21 with the ball yarns 22, the fiber material 24 and the cover layer 28 together with the carrier layer 27 in turn forms a textile fabric 29 with a z. B. patterned surface.
  • a fiber layer 30 contains superimposed ball yarns 31 and 31 a of different sizes, which are connected by holding fibers 32 by means of needling to a carrier layer 33.
  • a textile fabric 34 with a pronounced structure in the surface 35.
  • the ball yarn can be made with any other material or fibers, e.g. B. Fur material, coconut fibers, goat hair, pieces of fur or the like are mixed or even consist of a mixture of natural or synthetic fibers. It can be used in carpets, needle felting or the like. There can also be shrinkable fibers in the ball yarn, so that both ball yarn against ball yarn and the ball yarn against a substrate, ie a carrier layer, can shrink during shrinking.
  • Fig. 9 shows the construction of a ball yarn 36 from individual fibers 37, which are spherically entangled. They are loosely intertwined, with their ends 38 loosely wrapped around other fibers 37 or spherically curled around them, as a result of which they are retained in the fiber structure.
  • spherical orientation corresponding to the spherical shape of the ball yarn 36 in the spatial dimensions according to arrows A, B and C.
  • the fibers 37 are essentially separated from one another and have a length of at least 15 mm due to smaller or larger air spaces 39, the dimensions of which substantially exceed that of the fiber thickness, and are in contact with one another only through the loose intertwining. There is therefore a structure of the loosely intertwined fibers 37, so that they can be individually grasped and pulled out of the same without any significant resistance and without disintegration of the ball yarn 36.
  • the ball yarn 36 therefore has a low, needle density and z. B. a bulky, through which it can be compressed without much effort.
  • the ball yarn 36 has a three-dimensional extent and also an elasticity, by means of which it can essentially or completely return to its original shape after relief.
  • This is e.g. B. with laid fibers, d. H. two-dimensional structures or in the case of twisted yarns with their fibers, which are closely spaced by twisting and therefore present in high density, cannot be reached.
  • there is mechanical strengthening which is caused solely by the spherical interlacing or by spherical curling, this entanglement strength preventing the ball yarn 36 from dissolving.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention therefore has z. B. compared to the already known, hard structures made of matted short fibers completely different properties because of their high density of z. B. needles not penetrated and also because of their fiber length of 3 mm cannot be detected by the same, d. H. are not needled.
  • the ball yarn on the other hand, can be pierced in its entire thickness without disintegration by the needles due to its needled density in a needling process, the fibers 37 being gripped due to their length of at least 15 mm and being able to be pulled through the ball yarn 36.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention can also not be compared with a pimple or a nisse, which is known to consist of a tangle of intertwined fibers that have been drawn into a nodule (P. Böttcher, Textiltechnik, VEB subuchverlag, Leipzig, 1970, pages 750 and 758). They are therefore also hard structures with high density made of felted fibers and therefore do not have a needle density like the ball yarn according to the invention.
  • a nit is also an unwanted or undesirable defective product and has a size of less than 3 mm, i. H. for this reason alone it is not needable and contains e.g. B. only 10 single fibers.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention is made up of considerably more than 10 single fibers and represents a finished desired product which, for. B. against yarns, knobs or nits is free-flowing or rollable.
  • the ball yarn according to the invention can be used, e.g. B. be pre-consolidated in a fabric.
  • B. be pre-consolidated in a fabric.
  • the ball yarn can also be soaked or coated with a binder.
  • * the loose structure of the same is advantageous because the surface of the individual fibers can be reached by the binder and this can penetrate fully into the ball yarn.
  • B. pimples or nits or yarns, on the other hand, the surface of the single fiber is blocked by adjacent fibers and therefore not reachable for a binder in the same way as with ball yarn. B. applies to a colorant.
  • ball yarns are listed in the table below, with different types of fibers being entered against ball yarn size, fiber values and needling conditions:
  • the needling conditions are e.g. B. only one parameter in a series of conditions, e.g. B. be determined by the qualitative requirements for the ball yarn or the textile fabric.
  • the needle densities or stitch densities can be made for different sizes of stitch density from 25-50% if these are due to e.g. B. the size of the ball yarn, fiber type or the like is advantageous because there is already some pre-interlacing of the fibers due to the spherical entanglement of the same in the ball yarn.
  • the ball diameter, d. H. the size of the ball yarn is z. B. regardless of the fiber length. Thus balls with a diameter of 4 mm and those with a diameter of 25 mm can be produced with the same fiber length.
  • the ball size can also depend on the fiber fineness, crimping of the fiber used or its modulus of elasticity.
  • the fiber material can therefore be deposited and solidified precisely at a desired location of a fiber layer to be produced or fastened to a carrier layer.
  • a layer of ball yarns of larger diameter can first be deposited in a metered manner and then a layer metered out over it. smaller ball yarns or the gaps between the larger ball yarns can be filled in with smaller ball yarns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Claims (18)

1. Agglomérat fibreux spérique, en particulier pour articles textiles en nappe, dans lequel les fibres sont emmêlées les unes parmi les autres et qui est d'un diamètre d'au moins mm, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une boule de fil dans laquelle les fibres, qui sont d'une longueur d'au moins 15 mm et qui se présentent sous un poids spécifique de 0,01 à 0,1 g/cm3, permettant l'épinglage, sont emmêlées sphériquement.
2. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil se prête à un épinglage actif.
3. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la longueur des fibres est de 40 à 120 mm.
4. Agglomérat fibreux suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les fibres sont entrelacées sphériquement ou enroulées.
5. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est d'un diamètre pouvant aller jusqu'à 50 mm.
6. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est de section transversale circulaire.
7. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication-6, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est de forme sphérique et présente par exemple un rapport entre la largeur et la longueur de 1/1.
8. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est de forme ovale et présente par exemple un rapport entre la largeur et la longueur de 1/2.
9. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est vermiforme et présente par exemple un rapport entre la largeur et la longueur de 1/3 à 1/5.
10. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres individuelles sont des fibres simples.
11. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres individuelles de la boule de fil contiennent des fibres simples filées entre elles hélicoïdalement.
12. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres individuelles de la boule de fil contiennent plusieurs fibres simples non entortillées entre elles, par exemple disposées approximativement en parallèle.
13. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil contient comme fibres individuelles des fibres naturelles, par exemple des fibres de coton ou de laine, des poils d'animaux ou l'équivalent, ou des fibres syntétiques, ou un mélange de ces fibres.
14. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil contient des fibres ondulées ou frisées, par exemple des fibres synthétiques ondulées ou frisées.
15. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est une structure définie.
16. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil est apte à ruisseler ou à rouler.
17. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil contient un agent liant..
18. Agglomérat fibreux suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la boule de fil contient des fibres contractiles.
EP19790105379 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Agglomérat fibreux sphérique Expired EP0013427B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79105379T ATE7520T1 (de) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Sphaerisches faseraggregat.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH15779A CH625931B (de) 1979-01-09 1979-01-09 Textiles flaechengebilde und dessen verwendung.
CH157/79 1979-01-09
CH1015279 1979-11-14
CH10152/79 1979-11-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0013427A1 EP0013427A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
EP0013427B1 true EP0013427B1 (fr) 1984-05-16

Family

ID=25683692

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790105380 Expired EP0013428B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Article textile en nappe et son utilisation
EP19790105379 Expired EP0013427B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Agglomérat fibreux sphérique

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19790105380 Expired EP0013428B1 (fr) 1979-01-09 1979-12-27 Article textile en nappe et son utilisation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4481247A (fr)
EP (2) EP0013428B1 (fr)
AR (2) AR226834A1 (fr)
AU (2) AU530341B2 (fr)
CA (2) CA1151408A (fr)
DE (4) DE2966817D1 (fr)
DK (2) DK149367C (fr)
NZ (2) NZ192535A (fr)

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DE3169433D1 (en) * 1980-12-10 1985-04-25 Breveteam Sa Non woven textile sheet
ATE19532T1 (de) * 1980-12-10 1986-05-15 Breveteam Sa Ungewebter bodenbelag.
US4618531A (en) * 1985-05-15 1986-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill and process
US4794038A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill
CH676358A5 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1991-01-15 Breveteam Sa
CH671011A5 (fr) * 1986-08-29 1989-07-31 Breveteam Sa
CA1303837C (fr) * 1987-01-12 1992-06-23 Gunter Tesch Granulat a base de fibres et procede de fabrication connexe
DE3700680A1 (de) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-21 Breveteam Sa Faserkugeln enthaltendes fuellgut, insbesondere fuer decken oder als polstermaterial
DE3700681A1 (de) * 1987-01-12 1988-07-21 Breveteam Sa Sphaerisches faseraggregat, insbesondere als fuell- oder polstermaterial
CH677659A5 (fr) * 1987-11-19 1991-06-14 Breveteam Sa
CH679822B5 (fr) * 1988-01-12 1992-10-30 Breveteam Sa
CH676079A5 (fr) * 1988-03-28 1990-12-14 Tesch G H
CH679370A5 (fr) * 1989-07-10 1992-02-14 Tesch G H
FI85033C (fi) * 1990-03-08 1992-02-25 Scanwoven Ab Oy Vaddmatta samt foerfarande foer tillverkning av densamma.
DE4217440C2 (de) * 1992-05-26 1995-03-30 Tesch G H Verfahren zur Herstellung eines genadelten Teppichs und genadelter Teppich
DE4244251C2 (de) * 1992-12-27 1998-07-23 Guenter Tesch Verfahren zur Verfestigung eines textilen Bodenbelages und gleichzeitigen Befestigung desselben auf einem Untergrund
DE4244252C2 (de) * 1992-12-27 1998-07-16 Guenter Tesch Textiler Bodenbelag mit aus sphärisch verwickelten, textilen Fasern bestehenden kugelförmigen Faseraggregaten und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
CA2277472A1 (fr) 1997-01-10 1998-07-16 Falke Garne Kg Produit plat, notamment non-tisse
DE19929382B4 (de) * 1999-06-28 2007-01-04 Horus Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses sowie ein Nadelvlies
CH693750A5 (de) * 1999-08-20 2004-01-15 Gunter Tesch Textiles Gebilde, insbesondere Flaechengebilde mit einer Sicht- und Nutzschicht aus Faseraggregaten und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.
DE10132103C1 (de) * 2001-07-03 2003-04-30 Filzfabrik Fulda Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gemusterten textilen Flächengebildes
KR20030065784A (ko) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-09 하종언 반발성이 우수한 부직포
US7111342B2 (en) * 2002-08-26 2006-09-26 The Felters Group Interior treatments and furniture of fibrous felt construction
DE102004028801B4 (de) * 2004-06-15 2010-09-09 Findeisen Gmbh Nadelvlies mit Oberflächenstruktur sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Nadelvlieses mit Oberflächenstruktur
GB2427357A (en) * 2005-06-22 2006-12-27 Bandvulc Tyres Ltd Carpet underlay
DE102006001093A1 (de) * 2006-01-09 2007-07-12 TESCH, Günter Textiler Boden- und Wandbelag mit einer kugelförmige Faseraggregate enthaltenden Sichtschicht
ITAR20090016A1 (it) * 2009-03-19 2010-09-20 Gualtieri Marco Elemento lastriforme di tessuto non tessuto, particolarmente per imbottiture e isolanti termici ed acustici, e suo procedimento realizzativo
DK2948580T3 (en) 2013-01-22 2016-08-22 Primaloft Inc Inflatable insulation material with improved durability and water resistance
DE102014002060B4 (de) * 2014-02-18 2018-01-18 Carl Freudenberg Kg Volumenvliesstoffe, Verwendungen davon und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
CN107208337B (zh) * 2014-11-07 2020-02-07 北面服饰公司 填充材料分布的构造体
DE102016110895A1 (de) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-14 Ivonne Bonatz Vernähter Filzverbund

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DE2014970A1 (de) * 1970-03-28 1971-10-14 Oskar DiIo KG, 6930 Eberbach Vorrichtung zum Vernadeln von Faser lunten mit einem Faservlies
US3788935A (en) * 1970-05-27 1974-01-29 Gen Technologies Corp High shear-strength fiber-reinforced composite body
JPS5857536B2 (ja) * 1977-03-14 1983-12-20 セントラル硝子株式会社 繊維塊状体の製造装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8000301U1 (de) 1980-07-24
DK8780A (da) 1980-07-10
EP0013428A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
DK149367C (da) 1986-11-24
AU5430980A (en) 1980-07-17
AR225161A1 (es) 1982-02-26
DE2966817D1 (en) 1984-04-19
DE2966997D1 (en) 1984-06-20
AU530341B2 (en) 1983-07-14
EP0013427A1 (fr) 1980-07-23
DE8000281U1 (de) 1980-07-10
NZ192535A (en) 1982-03-30
DK148715B (da) 1985-09-09
DK149367B (da) 1986-05-20
AU5430880A (en) 1980-07-17
AR226834A1 (es) 1982-08-31
CA1165987A (fr) 1984-04-24
AU529361B2 (en) 1983-06-02
CA1151408A (fr) 1983-08-09
EP0013428B1 (fr) 1984-03-14
DK8880A (da) 1980-07-10
DK148715C (da) 1986-04-01
NZ192534A (en) 1982-03-30
US4481247A (en) 1984-11-06

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