EP0053700B1 - Tapis de sol non-tissé - Google Patents

Tapis de sol non-tissé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053700B1
EP0053700B1 EP81108904A EP81108904A EP0053700B1 EP 0053700 B1 EP0053700 B1 EP 0053700B1 EP 81108904 A EP81108904 A EP 81108904A EP 81108904 A EP81108904 A EP 81108904A EP 0053700 B1 EP0053700 B1 EP 0053700B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strands
floor covering
covering according
foregoing
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81108904A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0053700A1 (fr
Inventor
S.A. Breveteam
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Breveteam SA
Original Assignee
S.A. Breveteam
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by S.A. Breveteam filed Critical S.A. Breveteam
Priority to AT81108904T priority Critical patent/ATE19532T1/de
Publication of EP0053700A1 publication Critical patent/EP0053700A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0053700B1 publication Critical patent/EP0053700B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a non-woven floor covering according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic floor covering is known from the Belgian patent specification 700.540.
  • a chain of textile strands which consist of threads or slivers, are aligned parallel to one another and form a self-contained layer, needled with a nonwoven made of textile fibers, the holding fibers connecting the two layers being made of the nonwoven formed by the nonwoven Carrier layer originate.
  • the holding fibers made of the nonwoven fabric are needled through the thread or sliver layer, so that they protrude from the top of the covering and are therefore open in the thread or sliver layer.
  • they are not only subject to wear, but it also jeopardizes the strength of the thread or sliver layer on the nonwoven, since the latter can easily strip away from worn or worn needled fibers and can therefore separate from the nonwoven.
  • Floor coverings are known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2,804,098, in which at least one layer of textile threads arranged parallel to one another are needled with a support layer from the threads by fibers originating from them. Since the needling is done by fibers of the threads, that is, from the top of the floor covering, because of the risk of destroying the twisted threads and thus their appearance, however, only a small part of the fibers of each thread is needled to the supporting layer with an insufficient density. A stitch density of 0.3 to 6 punctures / cm 2 is specified as the needling density.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic non-woven flooring in which the disadvantages of the known flooring are avoided and which has a clearly structured, in particular hand-weave-like appearance due to the fiber material on its upper side, and the fiber material of which has sufficient strength on the support layer in such a way should be attached that an example raised structure undisturbed is achieved by the type of attachment.
  • the generic floor covering is characterized according to the invention in that the holding fibers originating from the carrier layer extend invisibly from the outside only into the strands up to at most the periphery of the strands facing away from the carrier layer and are present within the strands with an end part bent in the direction of the carrier layer.
  • the strands are mutually unconnected, so that they can gap when the floor covering is bent or bent in the direction of the support layer without their attachment to the support layer being impaired or stressed.
  • the passively only penetrating holding fibers according to the invention which may be present in the strands under tension or loosely, a compression of the strands and thus a compressed, flat product, as is e.g. when needling from above, as described in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2,604,098 or in particular when the needling density is high.
  • the strands are preferably attached to the backing layer by a conventional needling process in which from the backing layer, e.g. by means of needles with barbs, fibers of the same are grasped and are only inserted into the strands as needling fibers, i.e. as the holding fibers, and these can thus be passively needled.
  • the carrier layer is preferably actively needled by its own holding fibers originating from it.
  • fibers of a fiber layer are moved, eg pulled out, intertwined with one another by the needling process relative to other fibers in the same, ie, can actively make a difference. They can be introduced into a further layer adjacent to the fiber layer, so that the further layer is connected to the fiber layer.
  • Passively needled or “passively attached”, on the other hand, is to be understood to mean that in a fiber-containing material layer there are fibers from another fiber-containing layer than holding fibers, but the fibers of the material layer are essentially not used for active purposes, but remain passive .
  • the needle punctures can be attached to the underside of the backing layer and the covering and are therefore hidden from view by the viewer and invisible at the top of the covering.
  • the strands are by a so-called "blind stitch technique", ie. h., invisible technology, needled from the actively needle-bearing carrier layer, so that they cannot be influenced by use and therefore the top of the floor covering cannot be damaged or changed by heavy wear or the like.
  • the strands can be needled from the carrier layer with a needle density of 20 to 200 punctures / cm 2 .
  • the strand thickness of, for example, more than 5 mm, in particular more than 20 mm, not only is a high needling density possible, but floor coverings with a weight of, for example, 0.5 to 8 kg / m 2 can also be present.
  • a thick product is possible with a single layer of the strands, in which the strands can be clearly raised and as a three-dimensional structure from the bottom, ie that is, protruding from the support layer.
  • the strands can be applied individually and / or in a desired pattern to the carrier layer, which not only makes it easier to apply them to the carrier layer, but also a variety of patterns and structures and a change of the same.
  • the holding fibers which have only penetrated into the strands are bent with an end part inside the strands in the direction of the carrier layer. They can be hook-shaped, e.g. be hook-shaped, n-shaped, vice versa V-shaped or looped or loop-shaped. As a result of this bending, the haite fibers can be hooked at one end to the fibers of the strands and can therefore be firmly anchored in them. By the other end of the holding fibers, the strands are thus firmly connected to the carrier layer, with z. B. loop-shaped bend both ends can be anchored in the carrier layer.
  • the strands Due to the thickness of the strands, these are held in place at several points across the cross section by the holding fibers and therefore with great uniformity.
  • the strands can have a fineness of 10 to 100 ktex.
  • the holding fibers in embodiments can only be on part of the thickness, e.g. on half the thickness of the strands have penetrated into them or on the entire thickness of a strand up to at most the periphery of the strands facing away from the carrier layer. Thus, the strands are attached to the backing layer with sufficient strength.
  • a high density of the holding fibers and thus a passive compacting is therefore possible, which means e.g. a desired high fastening and, in addition, a high uniformity of the fastening are present.
  • the strands can be of any shape or form, e.g. have a circular or substantially circular, elliptical, rectangular, square or triangular cross-section. They can contain or consist of natural or synthetic fibers, fiber-reinforced plastics or glued fibers or threads.
  • the strands can also have different diameters, and groups of strands of the same diameter can be mixed with groups of strands of a different diameter.
  • the strands can be band-like or yarn-like, coarse structures and preferably have their own cohesion due to solidification.
  • the strands can, as e.g. in the unpublished European patent application 81108905.1 (publication number 0.053.702), which is based on the Swiss patent application no. 9.087 / 80-0 dated December 10, 1980, entitled "fiber strand and process for its manufacture", is based on which will refer here for further explanation.
  • the strands can be spun to impart twist or contain fibers wrapped around a core, e.g. a fiber core, may be around. They can be wrapped around the core in the form of a cylinder jacket or helically. In the case of untwisted strands, i.e.
  • the consolidation can have been carried out by a looping or binding thread or by gluing the fibers or threads, e.g. by binders which are introduced from the carrier layer and can penetrate from there into the strands, i.e. e.g. be treated by so-called splashing or watering.
  • the strands can be wound with a visible, finer binding thread, for example up to 200 turns / m and have the appearance of a warp thread imitation.
  • a visible, finer binding thread for example up to 200 turns / m and have the appearance of a warp thread imitation.
  • the binding thread can, in a completely surprising manner, give the appearance of a hand-woven-like floor covering, like the chains in hand-woven carpets, without such being present. The appearance of a needled floor covering can thus be avoided and therefore that of a hand-woven floor covering can be achieved.
  • each strand may have constrictions drawn through a wrapping thread, whereby the appearance of a tufted loop imitation can be achieved.
  • the winding thread is wound around it with tension, so that it can shift inwards in the strand and is apparently wrapped around the strand like a soul.
  • the binding or winding thread is therefore e.g. essentially no longer recognizable as such and the fibers of the strands can be plastic and e.g. swell like a loop, so that e.g. a high / low structure, i.e., a relief-like structure.
  • the binding thread can have a fineness of 100 to 8000 dtex and the tension during the production of the strand is preferably below the breaking strength of the binding thread. With a fineness of e.g. 4000 dtex the tension is preferably less than 20 kg.
  • the production of the floor covering according to the invention requires a targeted needling of the holding fibers out of the carrier layer into the strands.
  • This is preferably done with needles that both grasp as well as undisturbed release of e.g. allow loops of barbs or recesses on the needles to hold fibers when the needles are withdrawn from the strands, so that the fibers within the strands can be present with their bent ends.
  • Needling can be done with so-called close-barb needles (e.g. information sheet F01A, SINGER felting needles).
  • close-barb needles e.g. information sheet F01A, SINGER felting needles.
  • the penetration depth and / or stitch density determine whether single fibers or tufts can be gripped by a barb and how deep and at what distance they are positioned in the strands and e.g. can be bent like a loop. The latter also depends on the stack length of the fiber material of the carrier layer.
  • the backing layer can contain or consist of natural or synthetic fibers and be nonwoven e.g. a nonwoven fabric, a fiber composite or just a single layer of fibers.
  • an underlayer e.g. a cover layer on the back, which is common for floor coverings, e.g. a layer of spring back, attached by needling or gluing to form the covering according to the desired requirements.
  • the floor covering can be a flat structure, e.g. available in web form or as piece goods, table or tile.
  • a non-woven floor covering 1 for example a carpet, has a backing layer 2 made of fiber material 3 and on this fiber-containing thick strands 4 arranged essentially parallel to one another and having a thickness D (FIG. 2) of more than 5 mm.
  • the fiber material 3 is twisted, so that each strand 4 has its own strength.
  • the carrier layer 2 is actively needled to the strands 4, that is to say the strands 4 are fastened to the strands 4 by means of holding fibers 5 originating from the carrier layer 2 and thus passively needled.
  • the holding fibers 5 only extend into the strands 4 and, as shown in the right part of FIG.
  • the holding fibers 5 can also have penetrated into the strands 4 only over part of the thickness D and extend over half or less than half the thickness D / 2 therein.
  • the depth of penetration of the holding fibers 5 is dependent, for example, on the needling conditions and / or the length of the staple of the fiber material of the carrier layer 2 penetrated part 5 ', the holding fibers 5 are bent over and can thus be hooked in the fiber material 3 of the strands 4 and thus fastened.
  • the bent fiber part 5 ' can be a fiber end part or a fiber loop which has remained with its two free leg ends in the carrier layer 2. This depends on the length, for example the length of the staple of the fiber material 3 or the fiber part present on the needle during needling.
  • the bent fiber parts 5 ' are wider, ie shown more apart than they can actually be; they are practically narrower, ie the bent legs are closer together.
  • the strands 4 are attached to the carrier layer 2 by the holding fibers 5 with sufficient strength because the needling was carried out at a multiplicity of needling points in accordance with the punctures 6.
  • the strands 4 are applied individually to the backing layer 2 and are seen transversely to their longitudinal direction L without mutual cohesion, so that the floor covering 1 can be bent transversely to its longitudinal direction L by gaping gaps between the strands 4 and is therefore flexible in its transverse direction .
  • untwisted strands 4 are also passively needled to a carrier layer 2 by holding fibers 5, which originate from the fiber material 3 of the carrier layer 2.
  • the actively needled carrier layer 2 is thus connected to the strands 4.
  • the holding fibers 5 have in turn only penetrated the strands 4 to at most the periphery thereof, without the fiber material 7 of the strands 4 being used in any way for the needling process.
  • the top surface of the floor covering 1 is thus again free of protruding holding fibers 5.
  • a cover layer 8 is fastened to the underside of the carrier layer 2.
  • the strands 4 consisting of the untwisted fiber material are wound around by a binding thread 9, so that they have their own cohesion.
  • FIG. 4 shows the upper side of a floor covering 1 with strands 4, which are not recognizable, but as described in the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2, are passively needled from a fiber-containing carrier layer, fibers of the carrier layer acting as holding fibers 5 only in the strands 4 penetrated and thereby passively needled.
  • the strands 4 are constructed from a non-twisted fiber material and are wrapped by a binding thread in such a way that the strands 4 are contracted in their longitudinal direction and have constrictions 10, the binding thread being soul-like and not visible. As can be seen, the appearance of a tufted loop imitation can thereby be achieved.
  • FIG. 5 shows one of the strands 4 pulled apart in its longitudinal direction E by tensioning, so that the mutual wrapping of binding thread 9 and strand 4 can be seen.
  • the tension is released, the strand 4 is pulled together by the tied binding thread 9 in such a way that its constricted parts appear pearl-like as if strung on a cord (FIG. 4).
  • the strand 4 therefore shows in its longitudinal direction E an elasticity resulting from the tension of the binding thread during the manufacture of the strand and the apparent overturning resulting therefrom.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Multi-Layer Textile Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Claims (16)

1. Tapis de sol (1) non tissé comprenant une couche supérieure de cordes de fibres épaisses (4), parallèles entre elles et composées d'une matière fibreuse (6) tordue ou non tordue, ainsi qu'une couche-support (2) contenant des fibres, tapis de sol dans lequel les cordes de fibres (4) sont disposées transversalement au sens de sa longueur sans cohésion réciproque et sont aiguilletées passivement avec des fibres de retenue (5) provenant de la couche-support (2), caractérisé en ce que les fibres de retenue (5) provenant de la couche-support (2) s'etendent invisiblement depuis l'extérieur exclusivement à l'intérieur des cordes (4) jusqu'à, au maximum, la périphérie des cordes (4) éloignée de la couche-support (2) et sont présentes à l'intérieur des cordes (4) par une partie finale (5') en position repliée dans la direction de la couche-support (2).
2. Tapis de sol selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de retenue (5) ne s'étendent intérieurement dans les cordes (4) que sur la moitié de l'épaisseur de celles-ci.
3. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de retenue (5) introduites dans les cordes (4) sont présentes en position repliée sous la forme d'un crochet, par exemple, d'un ardillon, d'un n, d'un V inversé ou sous la forme d'une boucle ou d'un noeud ferme.
4. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) ont une épaisseur d'au moins 5 mm, en particulier de plus de 20 mm.
5. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) ont une section droite circulaire ou en substance circulaire, elliptique, rectangulaire, quadratique ou triangulaire.
6. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) ont des diamètres différents.
7. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) ont subi une torsion (figure 1).
8. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque corde (4) est entourée d'un fil fil de liaison (9) visible et a ainsi l'aspect d'une imitation de fil de chaîne.
9. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) comprennent des fibres qui se situent autour d'un noyau (9), par exemple, un noyau de fibres.
10. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les fibres des cordes (4) sont enroulées autour du noyau (9) sous la forme d'un hélicoide ou d'un corps de cylindre.
11. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que chaque corde (4) présente des strictions (10) formées par un fil de liaison (9) représentant une àme et a ainsi l'aspect d'une imitation de boucle à touffes.
12. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la couche-support (2) est aiguilletée avec des cordes (4) suivant une densité d'aiguilles de l'ordre de 200 piqûres par centimètre carré au maximum.
13. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les cordes (4) contiennent des fibres naturelles ou synthétiques, des matières synthétiques renforcées de fibres ou des fils ou des fibres collés.
14. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le tapis de sol a un poids de 0,5 à 8 kg par mètre carre.
15. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que la couche-support (2) est un matériau composite fibreux.
16. Tapis de sol selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la couche-support (2) est aiguilletée activement par de propres fibres de retenue (5) qui en proviennent.
EP81108904A 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Tapis de sol non-tissé Expired EP0053700B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81108904T ATE19532T1 (de) 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Ungewebter bodenbelag.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH908580 1980-12-10
CH9085/80 1980-12-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053700A1 EP0053700A1 (fr) 1982-06-16
EP0053700B1 true EP0053700B1 (fr) 1986-04-30

Family

ID=4348165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81108904A Expired EP0053700B1 (fr) 1980-12-10 1981-10-26 Tapis de sol non-tissé

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0053700B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS57122814A (fr)
AT (1) ATE19532T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7821081A (fr)
CA (1) CA1176826A (fr)
DE (1) DE3174520D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK154306C (fr)
ES (1) ES262264Y (fr)
ZA (1) ZA818540B (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09218492A (ja) * 1996-02-09 1997-08-19 Konica Corp ハロゲン化銀写真感光材料処理用固体現像剤およびそれを用いる処理方法
ES2175657T3 (es) 1997-01-10 2002-11-16 Falke Garne Zweigniederlassung Estructura plana, en particular una tela no tejida.
MXPA02010135A (es) * 2000-04-18 2003-03-10 Lohmann Gmbh & Co Kg Estructura textil no tejida que incorpora ensambles de filamento estabilizado.
AT410680B (de) * 2000-11-22 2003-06-25 Fehrer Monika Mag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verfestigen einer textilen warenbahn

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0013428A1 (fr) * 1979-01-09 1980-07-23 Breveteam S.A. Article textile en nappe et son utilisation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE700540A (fr) * 1967-06-26 1967-12-27
FR2299473A1 (fr) * 1975-02-03 1976-08-27 Sommer Exploit Revetement de sol et/ou de mur

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0013428A1 (fr) * 1979-01-09 1980-07-23 Breveteam S.A. Article textile en nappe et son utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES262264U (es) 1982-10-16
ZA818540B (en) 1982-11-24
DK525381A (da) 1982-06-11
ATE19532T1 (de) 1986-05-15
CA1176826A (fr) 1984-10-30
DK154306B (da) 1988-10-31
DK154306C (da) 1989-03-28
DE3174520D1 (en) 1986-06-05
JPS57122814A (en) 1982-07-30
EP0053700A1 (fr) 1982-06-16
ES262264Y (es) 1983-04-01
AU7821081A (en) 1982-06-17

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