DK166156B - Fremgangsmaade til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtraek paa en genstand eller et substrat, samt genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse forsynet med et saadant overtraek - Google Patents
Fremgangsmaade til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtraek paa en genstand eller et substrat, samt genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse forsynet med et saadant overtraek Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK166156B DK166156B DK455382A DK455382A DK166156B DK 166156 B DK166156 B DK 166156B DK 455382 A DK455382 A DK 455382A DK 455382 A DK455382 A DK 455382A DK 166156 B DK166156 B DK 166156B
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- vinyl
- substrate
- copolymer
- polyisocyanate
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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Description
i
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Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en fremgangsmåde til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtræk på en genstand eller et substrat til biomedicinske anvendelser.
5 Opfindelsen angår også en genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse, forsynet med et sådant hydrofilt overtræk.
Hydrofile overtræk på substrater har mange anvendelser, men er i særlig grad overordentlig ønskværdige til mange biomedicinske 10 anvendelser. F.eks. er det til genstande til biomedicinsk brug, såsom sårdræn, katetere, kirurgiske redskaber og arterievenøse anastomoser, ønskeligt, at genstanden har et hydrofilt overfladeovertræk for at minimere tendensen til trombose, krystal dannelser, vævstrauma, vedhængning af vævet til kirurgiske instrumenter og 15 fremmedstofreaktioner. Ved tidligere kendte metoder har man gjort overflader hydrofile ved sådanne metoder som in situ polymerisationsprocesser ved højenergibestråling, ved direkte kemisk binding eller ved dannelse af interpolymere-netværk. Bestrålingsprocessen kan frembringe en meget stabil hydrofil overflade men lider under 20 upålidelige resultater og kan fremkalde bestrålingsskader på sub stratet. Dannelsen af interpolymere-netværk kan også frembringe hydrofile overflader, men ved turbulente strømninger eller langvarig gennemsivning kan interpolymere-netværkene bryde sammen og den hydrofile del kan blive vasket bort, hvorved substratets overflade 25 bliver defekt.
Fra U$ patentskrift nr. 3.216.983 kendes der ganske vist et vanduopløseligt, ikke-hygroskopisk produkt dannet ved reaktion mellem et organisk diisocyanat og en i sig selv vandopløselig og 30 hygroskopisk copolymer af polyvinylpyrrolidon og vinylacetat.
Produktet er beregnet til neglelak, hårlak og belægninger i kemiske industri beholdere.
Den ikke-hygroskopiske belægning ifølge US patentskriftet er således 35 ikke hydrofil.
Fra 6B patentskrift nr. 1.600.963 kendes der derimod en fremgangsmåde til at forsyne genstande med en hydrofil belægning, ved hvilken fremgangsmåde der på genstanden anbringes et mellemlag af en
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2 polyurethan med uomsatte isocyanatgrupper, hvorpå mellemlaget omsættes med polyvinyl pyrrolidon til dannelse af en belægning bestående af en polyvinylpyrrolidon-polyurethan-interpolymer. Mellemlaget fremstilles ved påføring af en opløsning indeholdende en 5 polyurethan og et polyisocyanat, medmindre genstanden selv er af polyurethan, i hvilket tilfælde opløsningen blot indeholder polyisocyanat.
Ved denne kendte fremgangsmåde behøves der således tre komponenter 10 til dannelse af belægningen, nemlig (1) en polyurethan, d.v.s. en copolymer af en alkohol og et isocyanat; (2) et polyisocyanat til at danne uomsatte isocyanatgrupper på substratet; og (3) en homopolymer af polyvinyl pyrrol idon, som binder sig til de frie isocyanatgrupper og danner interpolymeren på genstandens overflade.
15
Det er således kendt at bruge et polyurethanovertræksmiddel indeholdende NCO-grupper til at fæstne poly-N-vinylpyrrolidon (PVP) til forskellige substrater, hvorved der frembringes en genstand med et hydrofilt overtræk med lav friktionskoefficient i våd tilstand.
20 Omfattende studier viser imidlertid, at det ved turbulente strømninger eller ved langvarig udblødning i vandige medier kan ske, at det hydrofile overtræk bortvaskes, så genstanden bliver utilstrækkeligt hydrofil. Den kendte teknik beror på ikke-covalente bindinger og interpolymere-netværk fremstillet for at opnå overtræksstabi-25 litet. Disse metoder til at bringe en hydrofil polymer, såsom PVP, til at hænge fast på substratoverflader overtrukket med en urethan har ikke bibragt overtrækket den grad af stabilitet, som behøves ved mange anvendelser, navnlig biomedicinske dræn, katetere og blodangribende genstande.
30
Det er den foreliggende opfindelsens formål at tilvejebringe en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et også i våd tilstand stabilt, gnidefast hydrofilt overtræk på et substrat til biomedicinsk anvendelse.
35
Dette opnås med fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtræk på en genstand eller et substrat til biomedicinske anvendelser, hvilken fremgangsmåde er ejendommelig ved, at man:
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3 a) på genstandens eller substratets overflade påfører en opløsning af et polyisocyanatkoblingsmiddel i et opløsningsmiddel, som ikke reagerer med isocyanat, afdamper opløsningsmidlet, 5 - påfører en opløsning af en hydrofil copolymer indeholdende i gennemsnit mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle og fremstillet af monomererne vinylpyrrolidon, vinylmethyl ether eller vinylpyridin og en monomer indeholdende aktivt hydrogen, og 10 - afdamper opløsningsmidlet og lader isocyanatgrupperne reagere med de aktive hydrogenatomer under dannelse af covalente bindinger; eller b) på genstandens eller substratets overflade på én gang påfører en opløsning af et polyisocyanatkoblingsmiddel i et 15 opløsningsmiddel, som ikke reagerer med isocyanat og en hydrofil copolymer indeholdende i gennemsnit mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle og fremstillet af monomererne vinylpyrrolidon, vinylmethyl ether eller vinylpyridin og en monomer indeholdende aktivt hydrogen, og 20 - afdamper opløsningsmidlet og lader isocyanatgrupperne reagere med de aktive hydrogenatomer under dannelse af covalente bindinger.
Den foreliggende fremgangsmåde har således endvidere den fordel, at 25 der kun behøves to komponenter, et polyisocyanatkoblingsmiddel og en hydrofil copolymer, og den bevirker dannelse af covalente bindinger.
Der behøves altså ikke at være polyurethan til stede.
Medens der ved den fra GB 1.600.963 kendte fremgangsmåde bruges en 30 homopolymer af polyvinyl pyrrolidon, bruges der ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåde en copolymer af en monomer, som indeholder aktivt hydrogen, og en af monomererne vinylpyrrol idon, vinylethyl ether og vinylpyridin.
35 Ved den kendte fremgangsmåde dannes der en polyvinylpyrrol idon-polyurethan-interpolymer, medens der ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåde dannes covalente bindinger mellem de aktive hydrogenatomer i copolymeren og de uomsatte isocyanatgrupper på substratoverfladen.
Det ses af omstående eksempel 2, der viser en sammenligning mellem
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4 fremgangsmåden ifølge GB patentskrift nr. 1.600.963 og fremgangsmåden ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse, at den covalent bundne copolymer danner en stabilere hydrofil belægning end interpolymeren.
5 Hvad angår forskellen mellem resultatet af fremgangsmåden ifølge US 3.216.983 og fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen, beror denne på de uens udgangsmaterialer, der bruges til fremstilling af de respektive produkter. Disse forskelle anskues nemmest ud fra nedenstående skematiske opstilling af copolymerernes komponenter: 10 US patent skrift nr. 3.216.983 Opfindelsen a) polymen seret vinyl pyrrol idon, a) monomerer af f.eks.
d.v.s. en homopolymer af poly- pyrrolidon 15 vinyl pyrrolidon b) en monomer af vinylacetat, der b) en monomer indeholdende ikke indeholder aktivt hydrogen. aktivt hydrogen.
20 Anvendelsesområderne for produkterne er væsensforskellige. Det fra US-skriftet kendte produkt er til bl.a. neglelak, hårlak og biocide belægninger i industricontainere, medens det foreliggende produkt er til belægning af medicinske og kirurgiske utensiler.
25 Genstanden ifølge opfindelsen til biomedicinsk anvendelse, der er forsynet med et hydrofilt overtræk, er ejendommelig ved, at det hydrofile overtræk er dannet ved en fremgangsmåde som angivet i et hvilket som helst af kravene 1-15.
30 Under forsøg, der førte til den foreliggende opfindelse, med hydrofile polymer-overtræk bundet til forskellige substrater viste det sig uventet, at hydrofile polymerer eller copolymerer indeholdende aktive hydrogenatomer udviser exceptionel stabilitet og modstand mod hydrolyse ved kobling til substratet med isocyanat-35 systemer. Det blev derefter fastslået, se foran og eksempel 2, at stabiliteten stammer fra covalent binding af den hydrofile polymer til isocyanaterne. En yderligere fordel ved fremgangsmåden ifølge opfindelsen er, at en simpel og effektiv behandling kan frembringe en genstand med et yderst stabilt hydrofilt overtræk.
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5
Ved behandling af en genstand eller et substrat med et polyisocyanat og en hydrofil copolymer med vedhængende grupper, som reagerer med isocyanaterne, frembringer polyisocyanatet og den hydrofile copolymer en covalent binding mellem det hydrofile koblingsmiddel og 5 den hydrofile copolymer. Fremgangsmåden kan bruges på forskellige polymersubstrater, på hvilke konventionelle isocyanat-hærdede overtræk kan hænge fast. Fremgangsmåden kan udføres i to trin eller i ét trin. Ved totrinsvarianten påføres polyisocyanatet på substratets overflade ved dypning, sprøjtning eller lignende, hvorpå 10 opløsningsmidlet afdampes, fortrinsvis ved lufttørring. Herved dannes der et overtræk med uomsatte isocyanatgrupper på overfladen. Derefter påføres copolymeren med gennemsnitlig mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle på substratoverfladen, og denne copolymer reagerer med de uomsatte isocyanatgrupper til frembrin-15 gelse af en covalent bundet matrix, der udgør et stabilt hydrofilt overtræk.
Ved ettrinsvarianten påføres den hydrofile copolymer og polyisocyanatet samtidig fra opløsningsmidlet. Polyisocyanatet kan således 20 tværbinde copolymeren til sig selv. Langvarig kvældning i opløsningen kan medføre yderligere reaktion mellem endnu uomsatte isocyanatgrupper og vand til yderligere tværbinding, hvorved bindingen til substratet kan forbedres.
25 Substratet kan være et hvilket som helst egnet materiale, som hærdede isocyanater kan hænge ved. Brugen af tværbundne isocyanat-klæbesystemer er velkendt, se Handbook for Adhesives,
Irving Skeist, ed. 1977. Isocyanat-koblingsmidler binder godt til sådanne substrater som glas, aluminium, stål, polyestere, 30 polyvinylchlorider, polybutadien, polystyren, latexgummi, nylon, polycarbonat, polyurethan. Det foretrækkes at bruge polymere substrater, såsom polyurethanharpikser; vinyl harpikser, såsom polyvinylchlorid; polyacrylater, såsom pol ymethylmetacrylater, polycarbonater; polyestere, såsom polyethylenterephtalat, poly-35 butyl enterephtal at eller polytetramethylenterephtalat; eller en gummi, såsom latexgummi, polyisopren eller butadien-styren- copolymer. Det vides desuden, at traditionelle urethaner kan bruges i forbindelse med polyisocyanater til forbedring af vedhængningen.
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6
Der kan også tilsættes et polyurethan udvalgt blandt en lang række forskellige forbindelser. Eksempler på polyurethaner er reaktionsproduktet af 2,4-toluendiisocyanat og positionsisomerer deraf, 4,4,-diphenylmethandiisocyanat og positionsisomerer deraf, poly-5 methylen-polyphenylisocyanat eller 1,5-naphthylendiisocyanat med 1,2-polypropylenglycol, polytetramethylen-etherglycol, 1,4-butan-diol, 1,4-butylenglycol, 1,3-butylenglycol, poly-(l,4-oxybutylen)-glycol, caprolacton, adipinsyreestere, phtalsyreanhydrid, ethylen-glycol, 1,3-butylenglycol, 1,4-butylenglycol eller diethylenglycol.
10
Blandt de foretrukne polyurethaner er traditionelle polyurethaner, såsom polytetramethylenetherglycol-diphenylmethandiisocyanat (TDI), polytetramethylenetherglycol - i sophorondi i socyanat, poly-(1,3-oxy- butylen)-glycoldiphenylmethandiisocyanat (MDI), poly-(l,4-oxy-15 butylenglycol-toluendiisocyanat (TDI), poly-(l,4-oxybutylen)-glycol-tolisophorondi i socyanat, polyethylenglycol-toluendi isocyanat (TDI), polyethylenglycol-isophorondiisocyanat, polypropylenglycoldiphenyl-methandiisocyanat (MDI), polypropylenglycol-toluendiisocyanat (TDI), polypropylenglycolisophorondiisocyanat, polycaprolacton-diphenyl- 20 methandiisocyanat (MDI), polycaprolacton-toluendiisocyanat (TDI), polycaprolacton-isophorondiisocyanat, polyethylenadipat-diphenyl - methandiisocyanat (MDI), polyethylenadipat-toluendiisocyanat (TDI), polyethylenadipat-isophorondiisocyanat, polytetramethylenadipat-di-phenylmethandiisocyanat (MDE), polytetramethylenadipat-toluendiiso-25 cyanat (TDI), polytetramethylenadipat-isopheron-di isocyanat, polyethyl enpropylenadi patdi phenylmethandi i socyanat (MDI), polyethylen-propylenadipat-toluendiisocyanat (TDI) og polyethylenpropylenadipat-isophorondi i socyanatpolyurethaner.
30 Der kan også bruges visse kædeforlængelsesmidler med hydrogenholdige bi funktionelle forbindelser, såsom vand, diaminer eller aminosyrer. Eksempler på sådanne kædeforlængere er 1,3-butandiol, hexamethylen-diamin, 4,4-methylen-bis-(2-chloranilin) (MOCA), trimethylolpropan og ethanolamin. Andre mulige additiver er bl.a. acceleratorer, 35 katalysatorer, stabilisatorer og blødgøringsmidler, der forbedrer eller modificerer urethanens egenskaber. Eksempler på sådanne additiver er dicumylperoxid, benzothiazyldisulfid, mercaptobenzo-thiazol, benzothiazoldisulfid, polypropylenadipat og metalsalte, såsom kaliumacetat, coboltnaphthenat og zinkchlorid.
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7
Materialer med lav overfladeenergi (under 32 dyn/cm2), såsom poly-tetrafluorethan, polypropylen, polyethylen og silicone, binder sig typisk ikke godt til polyisocyanatsystemer. Binding til materialer med lav overfladeenergi kan forbedres ved opløsningsmiddelunder-5 støttede interpolymere-netværk, d.v.s at substratet kvældes med opløsningsmidlet, hvilket letter indtrængning af polyisocyanatet og den påfølgende polymerisation af dette; eller ved modificering af den med bestråling med oxydationsmidler, såsom ozonolyse, eller med koblingsmidler, såsom gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilan eksponerede 10 overflade.
Polyisocyanater kan udvælges blandt en række forskellige forbindelser. Eksempler på sådanne polyisocyanater er polymethylenpoly-phenylisocyanat, 4,4'-diphenylmethandiisocyanat og positionsisomerer 15 deraf, 2,4-toluendiisocyanat og positionsisomerer deraf, 3,4-di- chlorphenyldiisocyanat og isophorondiisocyanat. Addukter af præpolymerer af isocyanater og polyol er, såsom addukter af trimethylol-propan og diphenylmethandiisocyanat eller toluendi isocyanat, er egnede. For andre eksempler på polyisocyanater, se Encyclopedia of 20 Polymer Science and Technology, H.F. Msrk, N.G. Gaylord og N.M.M.
Bi kales (redaktører) 1969.
Andre isocyanater, der vil kunne bruges, er dem, der kendes som "blokerede" isocyanater. Blokerede isocyanater kan bruges i medier 25 indeholdende opløsningsmidler, som ville reagere med simple isocyanater. På denne måde vil den hydrofile copolymer kunne påføres fra alkohol, vand eller amino-funktionelle opløsningsmidler uden at forbruge isocyanaternes reaktive steder. Eksempler på blokerede isocyanater er phenol bl okeret diphenylmethan.4,4'-diisocyanat 30 ("Hylene MP" fra Dupont) og ketoximblokeret tetraisocyanat ("E-320
Mobay").
Det opløsningsmiddel, der bruges til påføring af koblingsmidlet, er et, som ikke reagerer med isocyanater, d.v.s. det skal være fri for 35 reaktive amino-, hydroxy- og carboxyl grupper. Foretrukne opløsningsmidler er dichlormethan, methyl ethyl keton og acetone, ethyllactat, chloroform, trichlorethyl en og ethyl acetat. Ethyllactater har en hydroxygruppe, men er ikke tilstrækkeligt reaktive til at være skadelig. Såkaldte "reaktive fortyndingsmidler" kan også bruges. I
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8 dette tilfælde reagerer fortyndingsmidlerne efter dypningsoperationen. Herved elimineres behovet for at afdampe al opløsningsmiddel. Eksempler på reaktive fortyndingsmidler er N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon, hydroxyethylmetacrylat, og butylenglycoldimetacrylat.
5 Eksponeringen af disse reaktive fortyndingsmidler med ultraviolet lys i nærvær af en aktivator, såsom benzophenon, vil bevirke, at de polymeriserer og tværbinder in situ, hvorved de bidrager til det hydrofile polymerindhold.
10 Den opløsning, som påføres substratet, er fordelagtigt en opløsning, hvori et polyisocyanat udgør mindst 0,1% v/r (vægt/rumfang, d.v.s. vægtenheder og rumfangsenheder med samme indbyrdes forhold som g og ml) og fortrinsvis fra 0,3% til 5% v/r.
15 Såfremt der bruges en polyurethan i opløsningen, kan den udgøre fra 0,3% til 10% v/r, fortrinsvis fra 0,3% til 4% v/r.
Medens substratetoverfladen i almindelighed kun behøver at være kortvarigt i kontakt med opløsningen af koblingsmidlet, f.eks. 1-4 20 minutter, er det i tilfælde af et gummilatexsubstrat ønskeligt at bruge en længere periode på fra ca. 15 til 20 minutter eller derover for at opnå solid vedhængning af det endelige hydrofile overtræk på gummi latexen. Med et substrat af en gummi latex er det også fordelagtigt at udføre et forbehandlingstrin med opblødning af 25 gummi harpiksen i et passende opløsningsmiddel, såsom et chloreret carbonhydridopløsningsmiddel, f.eks. methylenchlorid, chloroform, 1,1,1-trichlorethan eller ethylenchlorid. F.eks. er det fordelagtigt at bruge 15 til 120 minutter eller derover til at kvælde gummien.
30 I almindelighed er polyisocyanatopløsningen i kontakt med substratet i mindre end ca. 120 minutter, f.eks. 5-20 minutter, såsom ca. 10 minutter.
Den copolymer, der bruges til at tilvejebringe det hydrofile over-35 træk, kan bestå af forskellige sig gentagende enheder. Den primære fordring til copolymeren er, at den er kvældbar og fortrinsvis opløselig i et vandigt medium og indeholder gennensnitligt mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle. Funktionelle grupper indeholdende aktive hydrogenatomer med evne til at reagere med isocyanater
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9 er bl.a. -OH (hydroxyl), -SH (sulphydryl), -NH- (imino), -NHg (amino), -NHC00- (carbamat), -NHR (substitueret amino), -NHCONH-(carbamid), -COOH (carboxyl), -CONH^ (carbamoyl), -CONHR- (substitueret carbamoyl), -CSNH,, (thiocarbamoyl), -SOgOH (sulpho-) etc.
5 I det ideelle tilfælde bør den valgte copolymer også være opløselig i et ikke-vandigt opløsningsmiddel, som ikke reagerer med isocya-nater. Eksempler på sådanne opløsningsmidler er methylenethylketon, chloroform og ethyllactat.
10
Et andet karakteristikum for copolymeren er, at den består af enheder, som ikke indeholder nogen reaktive hydrogenatomer, nemlig vinylmethylether, vinylpyridin eller N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon, og et mindre antal enheder indeholdende aktive hydrogenatomer, såsom 15 acrylamid, hydroxyethylacrylat, acrylsyre, hydroxypropylmetacrylat eller hydroxyethylmetacrylat. Listen over potentielle monomerer er meget lang, og den sagkyndige på området kan let identificere tusindvis af kombinationer. Fremstilling af copolymeren kan opnås på mange måder, bl.a. ved anvendelse af kemiske fri-radikal- 20 igangsættere, såsom benzoyl peroxid eller azobisisobutyronitril, ultraviolet lys og aktivatorer, såsom benzophenon, eller højenergibestråling. I det ideelle tilfælde bør den gennemsnitlige molekylvægt overstige 100.000.
25 Den hydrofile copolymeropløsning bør indeholde tilstrækkelig meget faststof til at afsætte et copolymert lag med en mindste tykkelse på 500 Å. Ideelt bør copolymerovertrækket være mellem 5000 og 100.000 A. Der kan bruges tykkere overtræk, men copolymeren afvaskes lettere efterhånden som afstanden mellem koblingsovertrækket og den modsatte 30 side af det påførte hydrofile overtræk stiger. Overtrækstykkelser på over 100.000 A udviser ingen kendt fordel i forhold til tyndere overtræk.
Eksempel 1 35 100 g N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon og 1 g acrylamid polymeriseredes ved, at blandingen blev eksponeret til 5M rad fra en højenergi-elektronstrå-
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10 lekilde. Copolymerens resulterende molekylvægt bestemtes til at være ca. 300.000. Denne copolymer blev derefter opløst i ethyllactat til en koncentration på 3% faststof.
5 Eksempel 2
Et rent stykke rør af vinyl pi ast blev dyppet i en opløsning indeholdende 0,25 vægt% af et mindst di-NCO-funktionelt addukt af trimethylolpropan og diphenylmethandiisocyanat i methyl ethyl keton.
10 Røret fjernedes efter 20 minutter og tørredes i 5 minutter ved 60°C.
Det behandlede rør blev derefter dyppet i den i eksempel 1 beskrevne copolymeropløsning.
Et andet rør blev behandlet på samme måde med den forskel, at 15 polymeropløsningen fra eksempel 1 blev erstattet med en 3% opløsning af polyvinyl pyrrol idon PVP (K90) i ethyllactat.
Rørene blev derefter tørret og hærdet i 1 time ved 70°C. Overtrækkenes tykkelse bestemtes til at være ca. 30.000 Å.
20
Efter neddypning i vand ved 37eC viste det sig ved en overfladespændingsprøve, at der ved begge behandlinger var opnået en hydrofil overflade. Efter udvaskning i 60 minutter kunne det med copolymeren belagte rør ikke gnides af ved tryk med fingeren; overtrækket på det 25 med PVP-homopolymer overtrukne rør kunne let gnides af ved fingertryk. Dette viser, at den covalent koblede polymer giver et mere stabilt hydrofilt overtræk på den beskrevne måde.
Eksempel 3 30
Det rør af vinyl pi ast, der var behandlet med hydrofil copolymer i eksempel 2, blev afprøvet for tromboseresistens ved den modificerede "Lee-White Clotting Time Test" (Journal of Biomedical Material
Research, Wollin, R.F., 1972) tillige med ubehandlede kontrol rør af 35 plast, vinyl, silicone og glas. Klumpningstiderne var som følger:
Vinyl pi ast 10 minutter
Glas 5 minutter
Silicone 15 minutter 11
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Hydrofil copolymer 20 minutter plus.
Det hydrofile overtræk udviser tydeligvis en fordel med hensyn til modstand mod klumpning.
5
Eksempel 4 a) Der fremstilledes en stamopløsning af 165,16 g frisk destilleret N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon og 3,37 g frisk destilleret 10 2-hydroxyethylmetacrylat. 28 g Af denne stamopløsning skylledes med nitrogengas, og der tilsattes 0,28 g benzoinisobutylester ("Vicure" fra Stauffer Chemical Co., Europe S.A., Geneve, Schweiz) som katalysator. Opløsningen blev eksponeret med langbølget ultraviolet lys i 17,5 timer og rystedes derefter 15 med ethyllactat til frembringelse af en 30% opløsning af copolymer i ethyllactat. 33,8 g Af denne 30%'-lige opløsning fortyndedes med ethyl methyl keton (MEK) til frembringelse af 150 g af en opløsning indeholdende 6% faststof.
20 b) 3,2 g Af en trimer af biuret-type af hexamethylendiisocyanat (Desmodur® "L 2291" fra Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Tyskland) opløstes i 160 g MEK til frembringelse af en 2%'s opløsning af isocyanat i MEK.
25 c) Et polyvinylchloridrør med en indvendig diameter på ca. 4,5 mm og en udvendig diameter på ca. 7 mm dyppedes i opløsningen ifølge b) i 30 sekunder. Røret tørredes derefter i en ovn i 6 minutter ved 45°C og dyppedes så i den 6%'s copolymeropløsning ifølge a) i 5 sekunder ved stuetemperatur. Derpå tørredes røret 30 i 2 timer ved 77°C over en bakke med vand.
Røret blev derefter udvasket med vand i 18 timer og så afprøvet med hensyn til friktion. Røret havde i sammenligning med et ubehandlet rør meget lav friktion og et hydrofilt yderlag.
35
Claims (18)
1. Fremgangsmåde til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtræk på en 5 genstand eller et substrat til biomedicinske anvendelser, kendetegnet ved, at man enten a) på genstandens eller substratets overflade påfører en opløsning af et polyisocyanatkoblingsmiddel i et opløsningsmiddel, som 10 ikke reagerer med isocyanat, afdamper opløsningsmidlet, påfører en opløsning af en hydrofil copolymer indeholdende i gennemsnit mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle og fremstillet af monomererne vinyl pyrrol idon, vinylmethyl ether 15 eller vinylpyridin og en monomer indeholdende aktivt hydrogen, og afdamper opløsningsmidlet og lader isocyanatgrupperne reagere med de aktive hydrogenatomer under dannelse af covalente bindinger; eller 20 b) på genstandens eller substratets overflade på én gang påfører en opløsning af et polyisocyanatkoblingsmiddel i et opløsningsmiddel, som ikke reagerer med isocyanat og en hydrofil copolymer indeholdende i gennemsnit mindst to aktive hydrogenatomer pr. molekyle og fremstillet af monomererne 25 vinyl pyrrol idon, vinyl methyl ether eller vinylpyridin og en monomer indeholdende aktivt hydrogen, og afdamper opløsningsmidlet og lader isocyanatgrupperne reagere med de aktive hydrogenatomer under dannelse af covalente bindinger. 30
2. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at opløsningen af polyisocyanatkoblingsmidlet indeholder et reaktivt fortyndingsmiddel, som efterfølgende polymeriseres in situ.
3. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 2, kendetegnet ved, at fortyndingsmidlet i nævnte opløsning andrager op til ca. 100 vægt%.
4. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 2 eller 3, kendetegnet ved, at det reaktive fortyndingsmiddel er en UV-hærdelig vinylholdig DK 166156B monomer, dimer eller trimer, fortrinsvis udvalgt blandt hydroxymethylmetacrylat, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon, hydroxypropylmeta-crylat, acrylsyre, metacryl syre og acrylamid.
5. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at genstanden eller substratet er af en polymer udvalgt blandt polyurethanharpikser, vinylharpikser, polyacrylater, polycarbonater, polyestere og gummier, såsom latexgummi, polyisopren og butadien-styren-copolymer. 10
6. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at substratet udvælges blandt vinyl- og butadien-styren-gummier, polyethylen og polypropylen.
7. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 6, kendetegnet ved, at substratet behandles med kemiske modificeringsmidler udvalgt blandt funktionelle gamma-aminopropyl-silaner og ozon eller med en plasmaafgivende stråling eller højenergi stråling.
8. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at polyisocyanatet er udvalgt bl andt polymethylen-polyphenyli socyanat, 4,4'-diphenylmethandi i so-cyanat og positionsisomerer deraf, 2,4-toluendiisocyanat og posi-tionsisomerer deraf, 3,4 dichlorphenyldi isocyanat og isophorondiiso-25 cyanat.
9. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at polyi socyanatet er et blokeret isocyanat, fortrinsvis udvalgt blandt phenol bl okeret diphenyl- 30 methan-4,4'-diisocyanat og ketoximblokeret tetraisocyanat.
10. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at polyi socyanatet påføres fra en opløsning indeholdende mindst 0,1% v/r, fortrinsvis fra 0,3 til 15% 35 v/r af polyisocyanatet.
11. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at polyi socyanatopløsningen holdes i kontakt med genstanden eller substratet i mindre end 120 minutter, DK 166156 B f.eks. 5-20 minutter og navnlig ca. 10 minutter.
12. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at der anvendes en copolymer med 5 en gennemsnitlig molekylvægt på mindst 100.000.
13. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at der anvendes en copolymer, som er kvældbar i vandigt medium og fortrinsvis også opløselig i 10 ikke-vandige opløsningsmidler, som ikke reagerer med isocyanat.
14. Fremgangsmåde ifølge et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at der anvendes en copolymer, som primært består af gentagne enheder, der ikke indeholder nogen 15 reaktive hydrogenatomer.
15. Fremgangsmåde ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at monomererne til den hydrofile copolymer er udvalgt blandt vinyl-methylether, vinylpyridin, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidon, acrylamid, hydro- 20 xyethylacrylat, acrylsyre, hydroxypropylmetacrylat og hydroxyethyl- metacrylat.
16. Genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse, forsynet med et hydrofilt overtræk, kendetegnet ved, at det hydrofile overtræk er 25 dannet ved en fremgangsmåde som angivet i et hvilket som helst af de foregående krav 1-15.
17. Genstand ifølge krav 16, kendetegnet ved, at genstanden er af en polymer udvalgt blandt polyurethanharpikser, 30 vinyl harpikser, polyacrylater, polycarbonater, polyestere og gummier, såsom latexgummi, polyisopren eller styrenbutadien.
18. Genstand ifølge krav 16 eller 17, kendetegnet ved, at genstanden er et medicinsk instrument beregnet til kontakt med 35 blod eller subkutant væv, f.eks. en intravenøs slange, et sårdræn eller et kirurgisk instrument, såsom et kirurgisk instrument af rustfrit stål.
Priority Applications (10)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/264,957 US4373009A (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1981-05-18 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| DE198282850200T DE106004T1 (de) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Verfahren zur bildung einer hydraphilen beschichtung auf einem substrat. |
| GB8229398A GB2128500B (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| DK455382A DK166156C (da) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Fremgangsmaade til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtraek paa en genstand eller et substrat, samt genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse forsynet med et saadant overtraek |
| AT82850200T ATE31628T1 (de) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Verfahren zur bildung einer hydrophilen beschichtung auf einem substrat. |
| DE8282850200T DE3277899D1 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| EP19820850200 EP0106004B1 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| FI823505A FI76820C (fi) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Foerfarande foer bildande av en hydrofil belaeggning pao ett substrat. |
| AU89473/82A AU556584B2 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-19 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| JP57191957A JPS5981341A (ja) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-11-02 | 基質上での親水性コ−テイングの形成方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/264,957 US4373009A (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1981-05-18 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| US26495781 | 1981-05-18 | ||
| DK455382A DK166156C (da) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Fremgangsmaade til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtraek paa en genstand eller et substrat, samt genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse forsynet med et saadant overtraek |
| FI823505 | 1982-10-14 | ||
| EP19820850200 EP0106004B1 (en) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Method of forming a hydrophilic coating on a substrate |
| DK455382 | 1982-10-14 | ||
| EP82850200 | 1982-10-14 | ||
| FI823505A FI76820C (fi) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Foerfarande foer bildande av en hydrofil belaeggning pao ett substrat. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK455382A DK455382A (da) | 1984-04-15 |
| DK166156B true DK166156B (da) | 1993-03-15 |
| DK166156C DK166156C (da) | 1993-08-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK455382A DK166156C (da) | 1981-05-18 | 1982-10-14 | Fremgangsmaade til dannelse af et hydrofilt overtraek paa en genstand eller et substrat, samt genstand til biomedicinsk anvendelse forsynet med et saadant overtraek |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4373009A (da) |
| EP (1) | EP0106004B1 (da) |
| JP (1) | JPS5981341A (da) |
| AT (1) | ATE31628T1 (da) |
| AU (1) | AU556584B2 (da) |
| DE (2) | DE106004T1 (da) |
| DK (1) | DK166156C (da) |
| FI (1) | FI76820C (da) |
| GB (1) | GB2128500B (da) |
Families Citing this family (213)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE430695B (sv) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-12-05 | Astra Meditec Ab | Forfarande for framstellning av en hydrofil beleggning samt enligt forfarandet framstellda medicinska artiklar |
| SE8205908D0 (sv) * | 1982-10-18 | 1982-10-18 | Pharmacia Diagnostics Ab | Sett att bilda polymerskikt |
| SE8305444L (sv) * | 1983-10-04 | 1985-04-05 | Vilhelm Einar Stellan Hjerten | Bakterieavvisande ytor |
| US4687482A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1987-08-18 | Scripps Clinic And Research Foundation | Vascular prosthesis |
| US4589873A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1986-05-20 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | Method of applying a hydrophilic coating to a polymeric substrate and articles prepared thereby |
| AU566085B2 (en) * | 1984-06-04 | 1987-10-08 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Medical instrument with surface treatment |
| JPS60259269A (ja) * | 1984-06-04 | 1985-12-21 | テルモ株式会社 | 医療用具およびその製造方法 |
| JPS614643U (ja) * | 1984-06-16 | 1986-01-11 | 株式会社 日本メデイカル・サプライ | 尿道カテ−テル |
| FR2649404B1 (fr) * | 1984-08-23 | 1994-05-20 | Universal High Technologies | Procede de revetement hydrophile de matieres plastiques et ses applications medicales |
| US4801475A (en) * | 1984-08-23 | 1989-01-31 | Gregory Halpern | Method of hydrophilic coating of plastics |
| US4883699A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1989-11-28 | Menlo Care, Inc. | Polymeric article having high tensile energy to break when hydrated |
| US4911691A (en) * | 1984-09-21 | 1990-03-27 | Menlo Care, Inc. | Assembly for adminstering IV solution |
| DE3444935C2 (de) * | 1984-12-08 | 1996-06-20 | Nutricia Nv | Mandrin zum Versteifen von Sonden |
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| CN114031714B (zh) | 2021-12-06 | 2022-07-01 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | 一种在通用器材表面修饰水凝胶润滑涂层的方法及修饰有水凝胶润滑涂层的通用器材 |
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| US2911321A (en) * | 1955-02-19 | 1959-11-03 | Kalle & Co Ag | Polyterephthalic acid ester laminated foils |
| US3005728A (en) * | 1956-10-19 | 1961-10-24 | Tee Pak Inc | Cellulosic laminates |
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| US3216983A (en) | 1961-10-23 | 1965-11-09 | Ind Biology Lab Inc | Reaction products of polyvinylpyrrolidone compounds and polyisocyanates |
| US3198692A (en) * | 1963-02-26 | 1965-08-03 | Tee Pak Inc | Polyolefin laminate |
| DE1669078B2 (de) * | 1966-12-03 | 1974-08-15 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Vernetzbare Überzugsmittel |
| US4020216A (en) * | 1975-06-03 | 1977-04-26 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Coating composition for flexible substrates |
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| US4100309A (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1978-07-11 | Biosearch Medical Products, Inc. | Coated substrate having a low coefficient of friction hydrophilic coating and a method of making the same |
| CA1140815A (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1983-02-08 | Richard L. Cline | Primer system for frp bonding |
| SE430695B (sv) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-12-05 | Astra Meditec Ab | Forfarande for framstellning av en hydrofil beleggning samt enligt forfarandet framstellda medicinska artiklar |
| SE430696B (sv) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-12-05 | Astra Meditec Ab | Forfarande for framstellning av en hydrofil beleggning samt en enligt forfarandet framstelld medicinsk artikel |
-
1981
- 1981-05-18 US US06/264,957 patent/US4373009A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1982
- 1982-10-14 DE DE198282850200T patent/DE106004T1/de active Pending
- 1982-10-14 DE DE8282850200T patent/DE3277899D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-10-14 AT AT82850200T patent/ATE31628T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-14 FI FI823505A patent/FI76820C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-10-14 EP EP19820850200 patent/EP0106004B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-14 DK DK455382A patent/DK166156C/da active
- 1982-10-14 GB GB8229398A patent/GB2128500B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-10-19 AU AU89473/82A patent/AU556584B2/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-02 JP JP57191957A patent/JPS5981341A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2128500A (en) | 1984-05-02 |
| FI76820C (fi) | 1988-12-12 |
| US4373009A (en) | 1983-02-08 |
| FI823505L (fi) | 1984-04-15 |
| EP0106004B1 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
| FI76820B (fi) | 1988-08-31 |
| DE106004T1 (de) | 1984-10-11 |
| AU556584B2 (en) | 1986-11-13 |
| JPS5981341A (ja) | 1984-05-11 |
| GB2128500B (en) | 1986-06-25 |
| DK166156C (da) | 1993-08-23 |
| EP0106004A1 (en) | 1984-04-25 |
| DE3277899D1 (en) | 1988-02-11 |
| AU8947382A (en) | 1984-05-03 |
| ATE31628T1 (de) | 1988-01-15 |
| DK455382A (da) | 1984-04-15 |
| FI823505A0 (fi) | 1982-10-14 |
| JPH0377819B2 (da) | 1991-12-11 |
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