DE3241582A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von alkaliarmem (alpha)-aluminiumoxyd - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von alkaliarmem (alpha)-aluminiumoxydInfo
- Publication number
- DE3241582A1 DE3241582A1 DE19823241582 DE3241582A DE3241582A1 DE 3241582 A1 DE3241582 A1 DE 3241582A1 DE 19823241582 DE19823241582 DE 19823241582 DE 3241582 A DE3241582 A DE 3241582A DE 3241582 A1 DE3241582 A1 DE 3241582A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- aluminum oxide
- aluminum
- mineralizing
- additives
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001089 mineralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910014142 Na—O Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001460678 Napo <wasp> Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-(3-methyl-1-benzothiophen-5-yl)-N-(4-methylsulfonylpyridin-3-yl)quinoxalin-6-amine Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=C(C=NC=C1)NC=1C=C2N=CC=NC2=C(C=1)C=1C=CC2=C(C(=CS2)C)C=1 CYJRNFFLTBEQSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005048 flame photometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/02—Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates
- C01F7/44—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water
- C01F7/441—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water by calcination
- C01F7/442—Dehydration of aluminium oxide or hydroxide, i.e. all conversions of one form into another involving a loss of water by calcination in presence of a calcination additive
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| HU813358A HU185474B (en) | 1981-11-10 | 1981-11-10 | Process for preparing alpha-aluminium oxyde poor in alkali for ceramic purposes |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3241582A1 true DE3241582A1 (de) | 1983-06-01 |
| DE3241582C2 DE3241582C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1991-07-25 |
Family
ID=10963719
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823241582 Granted DE3241582A1 (de) | 1981-11-10 | 1982-11-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung von alkaliarmem (alpha)-aluminiumoxyd |
Country Status (8)
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3902323A1 (de) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-17 | Magyar Aluminium | Verfahren zur herstellung von aluminiumoxid mit einer einkristallgroesse unter 1 (pfeil abwaerts)/(pfeil abwaerts)um |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HU185474B (en) * | 1981-11-10 | 1985-02-28 | Almasfuezitoei Timfoeldgyar | Process for preparing alpha-aluminium oxyde poor in alkali for ceramic purposes |
| US4623364A (en) * | 1984-03-23 | 1986-11-18 | Norton Company | Abrasive material and method for preparing the same |
| US5383945A (en) * | 1984-01-19 | 1995-01-24 | Norton Company | Abrasive material and method |
| FI79830C (fi) * | 1985-07-15 | 1990-03-12 | Norddeutsche Schleifmittel Ind | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av keramiskt polykristallint slipmaterial. |
| US5340781A (en) * | 1986-07-14 | 1994-08-23 | Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha | Spherical corundum particles, process for preparation thereof and rubber or plastic composition having high thermal conductivity and having spherical corundum paticles incorporated therein |
| DE3629100A1 (de) * | 1986-08-27 | 1988-03-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrochemisch stabile keramik aus aluminiumoxid |
| US5302368A (en) * | 1987-01-29 | 1994-04-12 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Process for preparation of alumina |
| US4822592A (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1989-04-18 | Aluminum Company Of America | Producing alpha alumina particles with pressurized acidic steam |
| ES2004759A6 (es) * | 1987-07-17 | 1989-02-01 | Espanola Alumina Sa | Metodo de obtencion de alumina especial a partir del polvo producido en la calcinacion de alumina metalurgica |
| US5296085A (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1994-03-22 | Atochem | Macrocrystalline α-alumina hexagonal platelets |
| AU639326B2 (en) * | 1990-05-23 | 1993-07-22 | Atochem | Ceramic preforms comprising monocrystalline hexagonal platelets of alpha-alumina, their production and applications thereof |
| CN1068092A (zh) * | 1991-06-21 | 1993-01-20 | 瑞士隆萨股份公司 | 生产以α-氧化铝为基质的烧结材料特别是磨料的方法 |
| IL109236A (en) * | 1993-04-13 | 1998-01-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | A-alumina powder and its production |
| JP3744010B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-30 | 2006-02-08 | 住友化学株式会社 | α−アルミナ粉末の製造方法 |
| US5438129A (en) * | 1993-09-27 | 1995-08-01 | Becton Dickinson And Company | DNA purification by solid phase extraction using partially fluorinated aluminum hydroxide adsorbant |
| RU2136596C1 (ru) * | 1993-11-25 | 1999-09-10 | Сумитомо Кемикал Компани, Лимитед | СПОСОБ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ПОРОШКА α--ОКСИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ И ПОРОШОК α--ОКСИДА АЛЮМИНИЯ |
| AU699077B2 (en) * | 1995-02-21 | 1998-11-19 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | Alpha-alumina and method for producing the same |
| JPH09263440A (ja) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-07 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | アルミナ焼結体およびその製造方法 |
| JP3457495B2 (ja) * | 1996-03-29 | 2003-10-20 | 日本碍子株式会社 | 窒化アルミニウム焼結体、金属埋設品、電子機能材料および静電チャック |
| RU2117631C1 (ru) * | 1997-07-11 | 1998-08-20 | Российский химико-технологический университет им.Д.И.Менделеева | Способ получения порошка оксида алюминия для изготовления прозрачной керамики |
| CN1241833C (zh) * | 2000-10-20 | 2006-02-15 | 昭和电工株式会社 | 生产低碱氧化铝的方法及其设备 |
| WO2003055803A2 (en) * | 2001-12-27 | 2003-07-10 | Showa Denko K.K. | Particulate alumina, method for producing particulate alumina and composition containing particulate alumina |
| TW200503953A (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2005-02-01 | Showa Denko Kk | Method for producing particulate alumina and composition containing particulate alumina |
| CN1838991A (zh) * | 2003-08-22 | 2006-09-27 | 联合碳化化学及塑料技术公司 | 改进的氧化铝载体和用于制造烯化氧的银基催化剂 |
| US20060293180A1 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2006-12-28 | Thorsteinson Erlind M | Modified alumina carriers and silver-based catalysts for the production of alkylene oxides |
| RU2360735C2 (ru) * | 2003-10-16 | 2009-07-10 | Дау Текнолоджи Инвестментс Ллс | Катализаторы для получения алкиленоксидов, имеющие улучшенную стабильность, эффективность и/или активность |
| ATE554080T1 (de) | 2004-06-18 | 2012-05-15 | Shell Int Research | Verfahren zur herstellung eines olefinoxids, 1,2- diols, a 1,2-diolethers oder alkanolamins |
| BRPI0512172A (pt) * | 2004-06-18 | 2008-02-12 | Shell Int Research | processo para a produção de óxido de olefina, 1,2-diol, éter de 1,2-diol ou alcanolamina |
| WO2006028940A2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | An olefin epoxidation process, a catalyst for use in the process, a carrier for use in preparing the catalyst, and a process for preparing the carrier |
| US8536083B2 (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2013-09-17 | Shell Oil Company | Olefin epoxidation process, a catalyst for use in the process, a carrier for use in preparing the catalyst, and a process for preparing the carrier |
| EP1850955A1 (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2007-11-07 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | An olefin epoxidation process, a catalyst for use in the process, a carrier for use in making the catalyst, and a process for making the carrier |
| CN100348494C (zh) * | 2005-08-26 | 2007-11-14 | 郑州大学 | 一种高分散性α－Al2O3纳米粉体的制备方法 |
| DE102006005400A1 (de) | 2006-02-18 | 2007-08-23 | Nabaltec Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von gereinigtem Aluminiumoxid aus alkalihaltiger Tonerde |
| CN114772618B (zh) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-07-04 | 中铝山东有限公司 | 一种研抛用类球形α氧化铝的制备方法 |
| GB2621394B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2024-12-04 | Thermo Fisher Scient Bremen Gmbh | Methods and Mass Spectrometry Systems for Acquiring Mass Spectral Data |
| GB2621393B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2024-12-25 | Thermo Fisher Scient Bremen Gmbh | Methods and mass spectrometry systems for acquiring mass spectral data |
| GB2621395B (en) | 2022-08-12 | 2025-02-05 | Thermo Fisher Scient Bremen Gmbh | Methods and mass spectrometry systems for acquiring mass spectral data |
| CN117125731B (zh) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-04-26 | 福建明瑞科维新材料科技有限公司 | 一种降低氧化铝锻烧相变温度的矿化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3092453A (en) * | 1959-08-18 | 1963-06-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Production of low-soda alumina |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1950883A (en) * | 1932-05-31 | 1934-03-13 | Aluminum Co Of America | Treatment of aluminum hydrate |
| US3092452A (en) * | 1959-08-18 | 1963-06-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Production of low-soda alumina |
| GB1046582A (en) * | 1964-03-04 | 1966-10-26 | Gen Motors Ltd | Improved method of producing alumina |
| US3262754A (en) * | 1964-12-07 | 1966-07-26 | Aluminium Lab Ltd | Method of making low soda alumina of small crystal size |
| US4045234A (en) * | 1976-08-23 | 1977-08-30 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Process for producing high density sintered alumina |
| DE2816194A1 (de) * | 1978-04-14 | 1979-10-25 | Giulini Chemie | Sinteraktive und alkaliarme tonerde |
| CH654819A5 (de) * | 1980-09-23 | 1986-03-14 | Alusuisse | Verfahren zur herstellung von grobkristallinem alpha-aluminiumoxid und dessen verwendung. |
| HU185474B (en) * | 1981-11-10 | 1985-02-28 | Almasfuezitoei Timfoeldgyar | Process for preparing alpha-aluminium oxyde poor in alkali for ceramic purposes |
-
1981
- 1981-11-10 HU HU813358A patent/HU185474B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-11-09 US US06/440,260 patent/US4477427A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-11-09 GB GB08231972A patent/GB2108949B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-09 CS CS827974A patent/CS244120B2/cs unknown
- 1982-11-10 DE DE19823241582 patent/DE3241582A1/de active Granted
- 1982-11-10 FR FR8218881A patent/FR2535703B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-11-10 DD DD82244749A patent/DD205675A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-10 IT IT24155/82A patent/IT1191068B/it active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3092453A (en) * | 1959-08-18 | 1963-06-04 | Aluminum Co Of America | Production of low-soda alumina |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3902323A1 (de) * | 1988-02-03 | 1989-08-17 | Magyar Aluminium | Verfahren zur herstellung von aluminiumoxid mit einer einkristallgroesse unter 1 (pfeil abwaerts)/(pfeil abwaerts)um |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CS797482A2 (en) | 1985-08-15 |
| DE3241582C2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1991-07-25 |
| IT8224155A0 (it) | 1982-11-10 |
| IT1191068B (it) | 1988-02-24 |
| FR2535703B1 (fr) | 1985-11-22 |
| CS244120B2 (en) | 1986-07-17 |
| GB2108949B (en) | 1985-03-06 |
| DD205675A5 (de) | 1984-01-04 |
| GB2108949A (en) | 1983-05-25 |
| HU185474B (en) | 1985-02-28 |
| US4477427A (en) | 1984-10-16 |
| FR2535703A1 (fr) | 1984-05-11 |
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