DE1074818B - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE1074818B DE1074818B DENDAT1074818D DE1074818DA DE1074818B DE 1074818 B DE1074818 B DE 1074818B DE NDAT1074818 D DENDAT1074818 D DE NDAT1074818D DE 1074818D A DE1074818D A DE 1074818DA DE 1074818 B DE1074818 B DE 1074818B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- threads
- formaldehyde
- minutes
- solution
- dried
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/10—Cutting tools with special provision for cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/06—Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
- B23Q11/1015—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work by supplying a cutting liquid through the spindle
- B23Q11/1023—Tool holders, or tools in general specially adapted for receiving the cutting liquid from the spindle
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
- C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F4/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of proteins; Manufacture thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
- D06M13/127—Mono-aldehydes, e.g. formaldehyde; Monoketones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1608—Well defined compounds, e.g. hexane, benzene
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1616—Hydrocarbons fractions, e.g. lubricants, solvents, naphta, bitumen, tars, terpentine
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/1817—Compounds of uncertain formula; reaction products where mixtures of compounds are obtained
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1828—Salts thereof
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
- C10L1/2431—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium sulfur bond to oxygen, e.g. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10L1/2437—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfonamides, sulfosuccinic acid esters
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
- C10M2201/064—Carbonyls
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/025—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with condensed rings
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- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
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- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
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- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/141—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings monocarboxylic
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- C10M2207/142—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings polycarboxylic
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- C10M2207/14—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/144—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings containing hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/146—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membeered aromatic rings having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/08—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions having metal-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2227/082—Pb compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/14—Cutters, for shaping with means to apply fluid to cutting tool
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/26—Cutters, for shaping comprising cutting edge bonded to tool shank
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
- Y10T407/28—Miscellaneous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/30—Miscellaneous
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T83/00—Cutting
- Y10T83/04—Processes
- Y10T83/0405—With preparatory or simultaneous ancillary treatment of work
- Y10T83/041—By heating or cooling
- Y10T83/0414—At localized area [e.g., line of separation]
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Description
DEUTSCHES
Die Erfindung betrifft ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Unlöslichmachen von Fäden oder Fasern aus
Proteinen, beispielsweise Erdnußprotein oder Casein, die aus wäßrigen alkalischen Lösungen durch Verspinnen
in angesäuerten salzhaltigen Koagulierungsbädern erhalten werden. Die dabei erzeugten unlöslichen
Fäden oder Fasern sind gegen Einwirkung eines Bades widerstandsfähig, das 0,1 % Schwefelsäure und
0,25 % Natriumsulfat enthält, wenn sie darin 90 Minuten lang bei 97° C eingetaucht werden.
Es wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, das Unlöslichmachen von koagulieren naßversponnenen Proteinfäden
mit Hilfe von Formaldehyd in Gegenwart einer angesäuerten stark konzentrierten wäßrigen Salzlösung,
wie beispielsweise nach den Verfahren der britischen Patentschriften 513 910 und 533 952 und
den deutschen Patentschriften 842 826 und 821 392, zu bewirken. Es wurde auch bereits bekannt, kontinuierlich
fortlaufende Proteinfadenkabel unlöslich zu machen, und zwar nach den Verfahren und Vorrichtungen
der britischen Patentschriften 642 359 und 623460.
Aus der deutschen Patentschrift 725 984 ist es bekannt, mittels Aldehyd gehärtete Proteinfäden, insbesondere
solche aus Casein herzustellen, die mit einer angesäuerten Aldehydlösung nachbehandelt werden,
um so die Fäden gegenüber heißen wäßrigen Bädern beständiger zu machen. Dabei wird so vorgegangen,
daß ein Überschuß der Behandlungsfliissigkeiten von den Fäden entfernt wird, und diese dann bei einer
Temperatur unter 100° C getrocknet und sie dann auf eine Temperatur von 100° C oder darüber bis zu
115° C erwärmt werden.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß durch eine intensivere Wärmebehandlung der Proteinfäden, welche mit einer
angesäuerten Formaldehydlösung bestimmten Säuregehalts imprägniert worden sind, eine beträchtliche
Verbesserung erfahren.
Zweck der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, unlösliche Proteinfäden oder -fasern mit verbesserter Festigkeit
herzustellen, z. B. in der Größenordnung von 18 bis 22 kg/mm2, wobei sie bei 21° C und 65% relativer
Feuchtigkeit geprüft wurden und von 10 bis 12 kg/mm2 im feuchten Zustand.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Proteinfäden, welches dadurch
gekennzeichnet ist, daß ein vorgehärtetes Fadenbündel mit einer angesäuerten Formaldehydlösung eines
P11-Wertes von 1 bis 4 imprägniert wird, die 5 bis 37 g
Formaldehyd in 100 ecm Lösung enthält, worauf das so behandelte Fadenbündel bei einer Temperatur unter
100° C getrocknet und dann auf eine Temperatur über 140° C so lange erwärmt wird, daß die Einzelfäden
sich nicht mehr in einem Bad auflösen, das
Verfahren zur Herstellung
von unlöslichen Proteinfäden
von unlöslichen Proteinfäden
Anmelder:
Imperial Chemical Industries Limited,
London
London
Vertreter: Dipl.-Ing. A. Bohr, München 5,
Dr.-Ing. H. Fincke, Berlin-Lichterfelde, Drakestr. 51,
und Dipl.-Ing. H. Bohr, München 5, Patentanwälte
Beanspruchte Priorität:
Großbritannien, vom 31. Dezember 1952
Großbritannien, vom 31. Dezember 1952
Roy McGillivray und Walter Lamb Davidson,
Dumfries (Großbritannien),
sind als Erfinder genannt worden
sind als Erfinder genannt worden
0,1% Schwefelsäure und 0,25% Natriumsulfat enthält, wenn sie in dieses 97° C warme Bad 90 Minuten
lang eingetaucht werden.
Vorzugsweise wird das Fadenbündel, nachdem es mit der angesäuerten Formaldehydlösung imprägniert
worden ist, beispielsweise um 200% gestreckt und im gestreckten Zustand getrocknet, worauf es anschließend
einer Hitzebehandlung von über 140° C ausgesetzt wird.
Geeignete Vorhärtungsmittel bestehen aus Lösungen von Formaldehyd, der Salze, wie Natriumchlorid
und/oder Natriumsulfat, zugesetzt sein können und die einen pH-Wert von über 4,5 aufweisen. Wenn
Fäden mit diesen Vorhärtungsmitteln 3 Minuten lang behandelt werden, so findet hierdurch eine derartige
Härtung der Fäden statt, daß diese um 150 bis 400% gestreckt werden können. Die mit den Vorhärtungsmitteln
behandelten Fäden werden vorzugsweise gewaschen, um das überschüssige Salz zu entfernen.
Die Behandlung der fixierten Fäden gemäß der Erfindung kann mit Fäden durchgeführt werden, die noch
in feuchtem oder schon getrocknetem Zustand vorliege::.
Die vollständige Imprägnierung des Fadenbündels, wie z. B. eines kontinuierlich fortlaufenden Kabels,
wird vorzugsweise in einem Klotz verfahren durchgeführt.
Geeignete Temperaturen für die Wärmebehandlung nach dem Trocknen liegen zwischen 140 und 180° C.
909 728/503
Claims (4)
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von unlöslichen Proteinfäden, wobei ein Bündel von Proteinfäden
mit einem Härtungsmittel vorbehandelt worden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das vorgehärtete
Fadenbündel mit einer angesäuerten Formaldehydlösung eines pH-Wertes von 1 bis 4 imprägniert
wird, die 5 bis 37 g Formaldehyd in 100 ecm Lösung enthält, worauf das so behandelte Fadenbündel
bei einer Temperatur unter 100° C getrocknet und dann auf eine Temperatur über 140° C so
lange erwärmt wird, daß die Einzelfäden sich nicht mehr in einem Bad auflösen, das 0,1% Schwefelsäure
und 0,25% Natriumsulfat enthält, wenn sie in dieses 97° C warme Bad 90 Minuten lang eingetaucht
werden.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Fadenbündel nach der Imprägnierung
mit der angesäuerten Formaldehydlösung gestreckt und in gestiecktem Zustande getrocknet
wird, um sodann auf über 140° C erhitzt zu werden.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden um 200% gestreckt
werden.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fäden vor dem Trocknen gewaschen
werden, um die aus der Vorhärtung stammenden Salze nahezu ganz zu entfernen.
—
In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 821 689;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 293 986.
Deutsche Patentschrift Nr. 821 689;
USA.-Patentschrift Nr. 2 293 986.
© 909 728/503 1.60
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB344175X | 1952-12-31 | ||
GB3077802X | 1953-09-24 | ||
GB2627753A GB760812A (en) | 1952-12-31 | 1954-02-04 | Method of cutting metals using carbon dioxide as coolant |
GB917953A GB753223A (en) | 1952-12-31 | 1954-02-04 | Improvements in and relating to motor fuels |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE1074818B true DE1074818B (de) | 1960-02-04 |
Family
ID=42829375
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT1074818D Pending DE1074818B (de) | 1952-12-31 | ||
DENDAT1049661D Pending DE1049661B (de) | 1952-12-31 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT1049661D Pending DE1049661B (de) | 1952-12-31 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3077802A (de) |
BE (2) | BE532073A (de) |
CH (3) | CH344175A (de) |
DE (2) | DE1049661B (de) |
FR (2) | FR1088827A (de) |
GB (3) | GB742261A (de) |
NL (3) | NL95590C (de) |
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US3971114A (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1976-07-27 | Dudley George M | Machine tool having internally routed cryogenic fluid for cooling interface between cutting edge of tool and workpiece |
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DE2928756A1 (de) * | 1979-07-17 | 1981-02-05 | Heyligenstaedt & Co | Schneidwerkzeug fuer werkzeugmaschinen |
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DE10140718A1 (de) * | 2001-08-27 | 2003-04-03 | Walter Jaeger | Verfahren und Werkzeug zur Bearbeitung von Werkstücken mit Kühlung |
US20030110781A1 (en) * | 2001-09-13 | 2003-06-19 | Zbigniew Zurecki | Apparatus and method of cryogenic cooling for high-energy cutting operations |
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US2713282A (en) * | 1951-07-25 | 1955-07-19 | Gomerue Establishment | Nibbling cut |
-
0
- BE BE527749D patent/BE527749A/xx unknown
- DE DENDAT1074818D patent/DE1074818B/de active Pending
- BE BE532073D patent/BE532073A/xx unknown
- NL NL183098D patent/NL183098C/xx active
- NL NL190786D patent/NL190786A/xx unknown
- DE DENDAT1049661D patent/DE1049661B/de active Pending
- NL NL95590D patent/NL95590C/xx active
-
1952
- 1952-12-31 GB GB3306252A patent/GB742261A/en not_active Expired
-
1953
- 1953-11-23 CH CH344175D patent/CH344175A/de unknown
- 1953-12-01 FR FR1088827D patent/FR1088827A/fr not_active Expired
-
1954
- 1954-02-04 GB GB917953A patent/GB753223A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-02-04 GB GB2627753A patent/GB760812A/en not_active Expired
- 1954-03-31 CH CH330828D patent/CH330828A/de unknown
- 1954-09-10 US US45526554 patent/US3077802A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1954-09-23 FR FR1112442D patent/FR1112442A/fr not_active Expired
- 1954-09-24 CH CH320037D patent/CH320037A/fr unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2293986A (en) * | 1938-11-09 | 1942-08-25 | American Enka Corp | Treatment of fibers, threads, and the like, derived from protein materials |
DE821689C (de) * | 1941-09-12 | 1951-11-19 | Ici Ltd | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kuenstlichen Gebilden durch Verformen von tierischen oder pflanzlichen Proteinloesungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE1049661B (de) | 1900-01-01 |
GB760812A (en) | 1956-11-07 |
FR1088827A (fr) | 1955-03-10 |
CH330828A (de) | 1958-06-30 |
FR1112442A (fr) | 1956-03-14 |
NL190786A (de) | 1900-01-01 |
NL95590C (de) | 1900-01-01 |
CH320037A (fr) | 1957-03-15 |
BE532073A (de) | 1900-01-01 |
GB753223A (en) | 1956-07-18 |
US3077802A (en) | 1963-02-19 |
BE527749A (de) | 1900-01-01 |
GB742261A (en) | 1955-12-21 |
NL183098C (de) | |
CH344175A (de) | 1960-01-31 |
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