CN1874765A - 胰岛素初期分泌促进剂 - Google Patents
胰岛素初期分泌促进剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1874765A CN1874765A CNA2004800316244A CN200480031624A CN1874765A CN 1874765 A CN1874765 A CN 1874765A CN A2004800316244 A CNA2004800316244 A CN A2004800316244A CN 200480031624 A CN200480031624 A CN 200480031624A CN 1874765 A CN1874765 A CN 1874765A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- accelerator
- insulin secretion
- oleanene
- initial insulin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 Hydroxyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl Chemical compound O[CH2] CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
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- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930183111 sapindoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- OOTXFYSZXCPMPG-BMYLZFHVSA-N ursane Chemical compound C1CCC(C)(C)[C@@H]2CC[C@@]3(C)[C@]4(C)CC[C@@]5(C)CC[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)[C@H]5[C@H]4CC[C@@H]3[C@]21C OOTXFYSZXCPMPG-BMYLZFHVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
提供下述通式(1)所示的三萜和/或下述通式(2)所示的三萜所组成的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。[式中,R1表示COOH基等,R11及R12表示CH2OH基等,X1表示氢原子或羟基,X11、X12、X21及X22表示羟基等]。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
背景技术
大花紫薇(Lagerstroemia speciosa Linn.或Pers.)以菲律宾为代表,在印度、马来西亚、中国南部及澳大利亚等东南亚地区广泛生长,为千屈菜科植物。在专利文献1中,提出了以大花紫薇叶用热水或有机溶剂提取的大花紫薇提取物作为主要成分的抗糖尿病制剂,在使用糖尿病小鼠的动物实验中确认了其抗糖尿病作用。
专利文献1:特开平5-310578号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在糖尿病的治疗中,最好是在饭后立即促进胰岛素分泌,但在血液中的葡萄糖没有上升时,不引起胰岛素的过度分泌。但是,迄今为止的抗糖尿病制剂或磺酰脲药物、双胍药物、噻唑烷衍生物、苯基苯胺衍生物等用于治疗糖尿病的合成制剂,还很难这样理想地抑制血糖上升及调整胰岛素分泌。
另外,这样的抗糖尿病制剂及合成制剂,虽然可以降低血糖,但存在会引起低血糖、胰岛素耐受性(胰岛素感受性降低)或对肝脏产生副作用的问题,特别是存在无法避免使胰岛素分泌脏器-胰腺疲劳的问题。
因此,本发明的目的是提供仅在饭后立即促进胰岛素的初期分泌,抑制血糖上升,结果可理想地抑制血糖上升及调整胰岛素分泌的、副作用小的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
解决课题的方法
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供以下(i)~(x)的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(i)下述通式(1)所示的三萜及/或下述通式(2)所示的三萜所组成的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
[式中,R1表示COOH基、CHO基、CH3基或CH2OH基,R11及R12分别独立地表示CH3基、CH2OH或COOH基、X1表示氢原子或羟基,X11、X12、X21及X22分别独立地表示氢原子、羟基或酰基。其中,X11、X12、X21及X22中的两个为氢原子,其他的两个为羟基或酰基时,X11及X12不能同时为羟基或酰基。另外,X11及X12、或X21及X22也可以一起形成羰基]。
(ii)R1为COOH基的(i)的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(iii)R11及R12的至少一个为CH2OH基的(i)或(ii)的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(iv)X1为羟基的(i)~(iii)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(v)X11、X12、X21及X22的羟基中至少一个被酯化的(i)~(iv)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。其中,酯化试剂的碳原子数优选1~12,更优选1~6。
(vi)X11、X12、X21及X22的羟基中至少一个被醚化的(i)~(iv)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。其中,醚化试剂的碳原子数优选1~12,更优选1~6。
(vii)X11、X12、X21及X22中的两个为相同的酰基的(i)~(iv)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(viii)所述的酰基为以R2CO表示的基团(其中,R2为碳原子数为1~17的烷基或取代或未取代的芳基)的(i)~(vii)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。其中,作为R2CO所示基团的具体例子,可以列举出乙酰基、丙酰基、丁酰基、戊酰基、棕榈酰基、硬脂酰基、油酰基、苯甲酰基、甲苯酰基、邻羟基苯甲酰基、肉桂酰基、萘甲酰基、邻苯二甲酰基、呋喃甲酰基。
(ix)所述的酰基为乙酰基的(i)~(viii)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(x)具有糖依赖性的(i)~(ix)的任何一个的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
发明的效果
本发明提供以下的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂:在饭后可使胰岛素立即分泌,并且在血液中的葡萄糖没有上升时,不引起胰岛素的过度分泌的,具有抑制血糖上升,改善胰岛素耐受性,防止肥胖,抑制中性脂肪效果的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。即,提供可通过促进胰岛素初期分泌,降低饭后血糖值,同时防止胰岛素过度分泌的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
附图说明
[图1]图1为显示糖负荷试验中血液中胰岛素值变化的图。(a)为给予科罗索酸时的图,(b)为给予安慰剂时的图。
[图2]图2为显示血糖值变化的图。
[图3]图3为显示血糖值变化的图。
[图4]图4为显示血糖值变化的图。
[图5]图5为显示血糖值变化的图。
具体实施方式
作为可以用于本发明胰岛素初期分泌促进剂的三萜,含有以下例子所示的化合物1)~100)。
作为乌苏烷型五环三萜类(Ursane-type PentacyclicTriterpenes),可列举出以下化合物:
1)Desfontainic acid
2)2,19α-二羟基-3-氧代-1,12-乌苏二烯-28-酸
3)2x,20β-二羟基-3-氧代-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
4)2α,3α-二羟基-12,20(30)-乌苏二烯-28-酸
5)2α,3β-二羟基-12,20(30)-乌苏二烯-28-酸
6)2β,3β-二羟基-12-乌苏烯-23-酸
7)2α,3α-二羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
8)1α,2α,3β,19α,2 3-五羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
9)2α,3β,7α,19α,23-五羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
10)1β,2α,3α,19α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
11)1β,2α,3β,19α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
12)1β,2β,3β,19α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
13)2α,3β,6β,19 α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
14)2α,3β,6β,23-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
15)2α,3β,7α,19α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
16)2α,3α,7β,19α-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
17)2α,3β,13β,23-四羟基-11-乌苏烯-28-酸
18)2α,3α,19α,23-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
19)2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
20)2α,3α,19α,24-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
21)2α,3β,19 α,24-四羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
22)2α,3β,23-三羟基-11-氧代-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
23)2α,3β,24-三羟基-12,20(30)-乌苏二烯-28-酸
24)2α,3β,27-三羟基-2 8-乌苏烷酸
25)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-23,28-二酸
26)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-24,28-二酸
27)1β,2β,3β-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-23-酸
28)2α,3β,6β-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
29)2α,3α,19α-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
30)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
31)2α,3α,23-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
32)2α,3β,23-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
33)2α,3α,24-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
34)2α,3β,24-三羟基-12-乌苏烯-28-酸
35)2α,3β,27-乌苏烷三醇
36)12-乌苏烯-1β,2α,3β,11α,20β-五醇
37)12-乌苏烯-1β,2α,3β,11α-四醇
38)12-乌苏烯-2α,3β,11α,20β-四醇
39)12-乌苏烯-2α,3β,11α-三醇
40)12-乌苏烯-2α,3β,28-三醇
作为齐墩果烷型五环三萜类(Oleanane-type PentacyclicTriterpenes)活性物质,可以列举出以下化合物。
41)2α,3β-二羟基-12,18-齐墩果二烯-24,28-二酸
42)2α,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
43)2β,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
44)2β,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28,30-二酸
45)2β,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23-酸
46)2β,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
47)2α,3α-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
48)2α,3β-二羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
49)2α,3β-二羟基-13(18)-齐墩果烯-28-酸
50)12β,13β-环氧-2α,3β,21β,22β-四羟基-30-齐墩果酸
51)13,28-环氧-2α,3β,16α,22β-四羟基-30-齐墩果酸
52)13β,28-环氧-2α,3β,16α,22β-四羟基-30-齐墩果酸
53)12-齐墩果烯-2α,3α-二醇
54)12-齐墩果烯-2α,3β-二醇
55)13(18)-齐墩果烯-2α,3α-二醇
56)13(18)-齐墩果烯-2β,3β-二醇
57)18-齐墩果烯-2α,3β-二醇
58)18-齐墩果烯-2α,3α-二醇
59)12-齐墩果烯-2α,3β,16β,21β,22α,28-六醇
60)12-齐墩果烯-1β,2α,3β,11α-四醇
61)12-齐墩果烯-2β,3β,23,28-四醇
62)12-齐墩果烯-2α,3β,11α-三醇
63)12-齐墩果烯-2β,3β,28-三醇
64)12-齐墩果烯-2α,3β,23-三醇
65)13(18)-齐墩果烯-2α,3β,11α-三醇
66)2β,3β,6β,16α,23-五羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
67)2β,3β,16β,21β,23-五羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
68)2β,3β,16α,23,24-五羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
69)2β,3β,13β,16α-四羟基-23,28-齐墩果二酸
70)2β,3β,16β,21β-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-24,28-二酸
71)2β,3β,16α,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-24,28-二酸
72)2β,3β,22β,27-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
73)2α,3β,6β,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
74)2β,3β,6α,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
75)2β,3β,6β,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
76)2β,3β,16β,21β-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
77)2β,3β,16α,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
78)2α,3β,19α,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
79)2α,3β,19β,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
80)2α,3β,19α,24-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
81)2α,3β,21β,23-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
82)2α,3β,23,24-四羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
83)2β,3β,23-三羟基-5,12-齐墩果二烯-28-酸
84)2α,3α,24-三羟基-11,13(18)-齐墩果二烯-28-酸
85)2α,3β,13β-三羟基-28-齐墩果酸
86)2β,3β,16α-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
87)2α,3β,18β-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
88)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
89)2α,3β,19β-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
90)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-24,28-二酸
91)2α,3β,19β-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-24,28-二酸
92)2β,3β,23-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28,30-二酸
93)2β,3β,27-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-23,28-二酸
94)2α,3β,18β-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
95)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
96)2α,3β,19α-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-29-酸
97)2α,3β,21β-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
98)2α,3α,23-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
99)2α,3α,24-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
100)2α,3β,30-三羟基-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸
上述化合物,优选由大花紫薇叶(Lagerstroemia Speciosa Linn.或Pers.)、枇粑、无患子等来源的。由大花紫薇叶得到通式(1)或(2)所示的三萜时,用醇类等提取大花紫薇叶得到大花紫薇提取物(也可以根据需要进一步浓缩为大花紫薇提取浓缩物),可以采用精制方法对该提取物进行精制。
提取时,优选大花紫薇的新鲜叶或其干燥物,作为新鲜叶的干燥方法,可以采用自然干燥、风干、强制干燥等方法。干燥时,可以用所谓的烘干法使水分含量在20重量%以下,优选10重量%以下,但希望防止微生物繁殖而且要保证储存稳定性。可以直接提取也可以粉碎或切碎后提取干燥后的大花紫薇叶。
以上方法制备的大花紫薇叶可以用甲醇、乙醇等醇类等提取溶剂提取得到大花紫薇提取物,提取时,优选采用可以使提取物中含有一定比例上述三萜的提取条件。作为这种提取方法,可以列举出以下方法1~3。
方法1:向干燥的大花紫薇叶的粉碎物(原料)中加入相对于原料的5~20倍重量的乙醇或乙醇水溶液(乙醇含量为50~80重量%),优选加入8~10倍重量,在常温~90℃,优选约50~85℃温度下,加热回流30分钟~2小时。反复提取2~3次。
方法2:向干燥的大花紫薇叶的粉碎物中加入相当于3~20倍重量的甲醇或甲醇水溶液(甲醇含量为50~90重量%),与方法1相同加热回流提取。提取操作,宜在常温~65℃范围的温度内进行30分钟~2小时。提取操作不限于1次,可以进行2次以上操作。
方法3:向干燥的大花紫薇叶的粉碎物中加入相当于3~20倍重量的热水,在50~90℃,优选60~85℃温度下,加热回流30分钟~2小时进行提取。
也可以适当地组合上述大花紫薇提取物的提取方法1~3。例如,组合方法1及方法2进行实施。这些方法中,优选方法1及方法2,特别优选方法1。
为了使大花紫薇提取物易于处理,一般通过浓缩、干燥将其加工成大花紫薇提取浓缩物。提取后的浓缩及干燥,由于使浓缩物长时间处于高温下其活性成分易于劣化,希望在较短时间内进行。因此,适宜在减压下进行浓缩及干燥。将通过上述方法得到的提取液过滤,在60℃以下的温度减压浓缩,所得固体物在50~70℃温度下减压(比浓缩时减压程度更高)干燥。将通过上述操作得到的固体物粉碎得粉末状浓缩物。大花紫薇提取浓缩物,不局限于粉末状,也可加工成片剂形态或颗粒形态。通过这种方法得到的大花紫薇浓缩物含有科罗索酸(corosolic acid)、大花紫薇多酚及其他有效成分。
从通过以上操作得到的大花紫薇提取物或大花紫薇浓缩物中纯化通式(1)或(2)所示的三萜,可以采用已知的方法进行该精制操作。例如,从大花紫薇提取物纯化科罗索酸时,可以采用以下方法。
即,将大花紫薇提取物混悬于水中后,用乙醚或己烷等进行分配,先除去低极性成分。水层采用Diaion HP-20柱色谱等,以水、甲醇及丙酮依次洗脱。然后,将含有科罗索酸的甲醇洗脱馏分用硅胶柱色谱及高效液相色谱进行分离、精制,分离科罗索酸。用乙醚或己烷等溶剂除去低极性成分,再用Diaion HP-20柱色谱等进行分离后,产品易于纯化(特别是提取物量多的情况),但不一定是必须的,提取物也可以直接用硅胶柱色谱分离,并最终用高效液相色谱进行纯化。
由大花紫薇提取物或大花紫薇提取浓缩物分离、纯化的三萜可以直接使用,也可以酰化(例如乙酰化)后使用,也可以之后脱酰化(例如脱乙酰化)使用。例如,在科罗索酸的情况下,优选酰化(例如乙酰化)后脱酰化使用。通过酰化(例如乙酰化)后再脱酰化,可以得到纯度非常高(约100%)的科罗索酸。
对科罗索酸进行乙酰化时,例如,首先将由大花紫薇提取物分离、纯化的科罗索酸溶于无水吡啶中,加入无水醋酸,室温下放置12小时,然后向反应液中加入冰水,用氯仿萃取数次(3次左右)。然后,氯仿层用硫酸钠脱水,过滤除去硫酸钠,然后减压下蒸去氯仿,己烷重结晶,得到乙酰科罗索酸。另外,作为科罗索酸的脱酰化方法,例如,可以列举出氢氧化钾、氢氧化钠等碱水解方法。
实施例
以下,基于实施例及比较例对本发明进一步具体说明,但本发明不局限于以下实施例。
(实施例1)
通过以下试验,确认科罗索酸具有胰岛素初期分泌促进作用。利用双盲交叉法,给予科罗索酸或安慰剂后,进行糖负荷试验,测定血液中胰岛素值(IRI:immunoreactive insulin)。IRI是否具有意义地变化,通过将有意义的标准定为(p值)0.05的Student-t检验进行判定。
首先,对作为受试者的31名境界型糖尿病患者,经口给予科罗索酸(纯度99%以上,10mg)或安慰剂,然后立即采血,将此时血液中的胰岛素值定为0分钟的值。采血后,立即经口给予受试者葡萄糖75g,开始糖负荷试验,经过30分钟、60分钟、90分钟、120分钟及180分钟后采血,测定血中胰岛素值。
图1为表示糖负荷试验中的血液中胰岛素值变化的图。横轴表示糖负荷试验开始后的时间(分钟),纵轴表示IRI(μU/mL)。(a)为给予科罗索酸时的图,(b)为给予安慰剂时的图。
由图1可知,给予科罗索酸与给予安慰剂的情况相比,确定糖负荷试验开始30分钟后,血液中的胰岛素值有意义地上升。另外,糖负荷试验开始120分钟后,确定血液中胰岛素值有意义地降低。
通过以上试验,说明科罗索酸具有促进胰岛素初期分泌的作用。另外,血糖未上升时,确定其不使胰岛素过多分泌。还有,证明科罗索酸是糖依赖性胰岛素初期分泌促进剂。
(实施例2)
使用遗传2型糖尿病模型动物KK-Ay小鼠(日本クレア株式会社)作为被检动物。使用8周龄的血糖值300mg/100mL的KK-Ay小鼠。动物饲养室条件在整个试验期间为恒温(22±2℃),明暗周期为12小时(明周期:9点~21点)。使之自由进食饲料(CE-2,日本クレア株式会社)及水(自来水)。用注射器及经口探针强制给予KK-Ay小鼠被检物质。被检物质的给予量全部为10mg/kg。在即将给药前、给药后4小时及7小时(对于委陵菜酸,为即将给药之前及4小时)时从眼底采血。用葡萄糖CII测试仪(和光纯药工业株式会社制)测定血糖值。
本实施例中的被检物质为
corosolic acid(科罗索酸)(由大花紫薇叶分离得到)
maslinic acid(山楂酸)(由大花紫薇叶分离得到)
积雪草酸(由LKT实验室购入)
2α,19α-二羟基-3-氧代-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸(由枇杷愈伤组织分离得到)
ursolicacid(乌苏酸)(由LKT实验室购入)
oleanolic acid(齐墩果酸)(由LKT实验室购入)
α-amyrin(α-香树脂醇)(由LKT实验室购入)
β-amyrin(β-香树脂醇)(由LKT实验室购入)
hederagenin(常春藤皂苷元)(由LKT实验室购入)
18β-甘草次酸(由和光纯药工业株式会社购入)
sapindoside B(无患子皂苷B)(由无患子分离得到)以及
tormentic acid(委陵菜酸)(由枇杷愈伤组织分离得到)
对于各被检物质,用4只KK-Ay小鼠进行血糖值的测定。测定结果以平均值±标准误差表示。血糖值是否有意义地变化通过将有意义的标准定为(p值)0.05的Student-t检验进行判定。血糖值变化如图2~5所示。
由图2~5可知,所述通式(1)或(2)所示三萜的科罗索酸、积雪草酸、2α,19α-二羟基-3-氧代-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸以及委陵菜酸显示有意义的降低血糖作用。对于山楂酸,未见有意义地降低血糖作用,但显示血糖值的确有减少的倾向。另外,对于不是所述通式(1)或(2)所示的三萜乌苏酸、齐墩果酸、α-香树脂醇、β-香树脂醇、常春藤皂苷元、18β-甘草次酸以及无患子皂苷未见确切的血糖降低作用。
对于所述通式(1)或(2)所示三萜的科罗索酸、积雪草酸、2α、19α-二羟基-3-氧代-乌苏-12-烯-28-酸、委陵菜酸及山楂酸的血糖降低作用,通过实施例1,可以推测任何一个都是通过糖依赖性的胰岛素初期分泌促进作用实现的。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂可以作为糖尿病治疗、预防药使用。
Claims (10)
2.权利要求1中记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,R1为COOH基。
3.权利要求1或2中记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,R11及R12至少一个是CH2OH基。
4.权利要求1~3中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,X1为羟基。
5.权利要求1~4中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,X11、X12、X21及X22的羟基中的至少1个被酯化。
6.权利要求1~4中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,X11、X12、X21及X22的羟基中的至少1个被醚化。
7.权利要求1~4中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,X11、X12、X21及X22中的2个为相同的酰基。
8.权利要求1~7中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,所述的酰基为R2CO-所示的基团,式中的R2为碳原子数1~17的烷基或取代或未取代的芳基。
9.权利要求1~8中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其中,所述酰基为乙酰基。
10.权利要求1~9中任一项记载的胰岛素初期分泌促进剂,其具有糖依赖性。
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- 2004-09-21 US US10/945,438 patent/US20050143464A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-22 KR KR1020067007553A patent/KR20060092247A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-22 KR KR1020067007554A patent/KR20060061385A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-09-22 EP EP04788019A patent/EP1674089A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-22 JP JP2005514108A patent/JPWO2005027891A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-09-22 JP JP2005514110A patent/JPWO2005027892A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-09-22 WO PCT/JP2004/013848 patent/WO2005027892A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-22 CN CNA2004800316244A patent/CN1874765A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-22 EP EP04788031A patent/EP1674090A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-22 CN CNA2004800306990A patent/CN1870986A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-22 WO PCT/JP2004/013836 patent/WO2005027891A1/ja active Application Filing
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2006
- 2006-06-20 US US11/455,813 patent/US20060235078A1/en not_active Abandoned
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102166274A (zh) * | 2011-02-25 | 2011-08-31 | 四川大学 | 从无患子中提取小肠α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制剂的方法 |
WO2013079018A1 (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | 杭州本生药业有限公司 | 2-位取代的齐墩果酸衍生物、及其制备方法和应用 |
CN103945852A (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2014-07-23 | 杭州本生药业有限公司 | 2-位取代的齐墩果酸衍生物、及其制备方法和应用 |
US9156801B2 (en) | 2011-12-01 | 2015-10-13 | Hangzhou Bensheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | 2-substituted oleanolic acid derivative, method preparing for same, and application thereof |
CN103945852B (zh) * | 2011-12-01 | 2016-10-19 | 杭州本生药业有限公司 | 2-位取代的齐墩果酸衍生物、及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1674089A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
US20060235078A1 (en) | 2006-10-19 |
WO2005027891A1 (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
JPWO2005027891A1 (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
KR20060061385A (ko) | 2006-06-07 |
JPWO2005027892A1 (ja) | 2007-11-15 |
KR20060092247A (ko) | 2006-08-22 |
EP1674090A1 (en) | 2006-06-28 |
CN1870986A (zh) | 2006-11-29 |
WO2005027892A1 (ja) | 2005-03-31 |
US20050143464A1 (en) | 2005-06-30 |
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