CN1663341A

CN1663341A - Method for cultivating directional fructification yam

Info

Publication number: CN1663341A
Application number: CN 200510018294
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦本辉; 韦威泰; 甘秀芹; 宁秀呈; 覃维治
Original assignee: Institute of Economic Crops of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Institute of Economic Crops of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2005-02-21
Filing date: 2005-02-21
Publication date: 2005-09-07
Anticipated expiration: 2025-02-21
Also published as: CN1332595C

Abstract

Disclosed is a method for cultivating directional fructification yam which comprises ridge forming, laying the bottoms of the soil with plastic foil or other hard material at a depth 10-15cm from the inclined surface of the ridge, sowing the seeds of Chinese wam into soil 4-10cm above the hard material in the ridge top, so as to make the Chinese wam tuber grow directionally along the material. The cultivation method can substantially improve both the single yield of Chinese wam and quality.

Description

Method for cultivating directional fructification yam

Technical background

The traditional cultivation in mountain, Huaihe River all is to select soil layer deep, fertile, the sandy soil that drainage condition is good is made planting site, press line-spacing 100cm during whole ground, dig 30cm, the plantation ditch that wide 100cm is dark, the soil that has dug is placed on the both sides of ditch, make earth obtain weathering, before sowing the ditching original soil is inserted in the ditch, be filled to 2/3 o'clock of ditch, every mu of ground is executed and is macerated 3000 jin of ripe farmyard manures, and fertilizer and the soil of filling out back ditch mixed thoroughly to improve the soil layer construction in the ditch, then soil is filled up ditch, play furrow, at the furrow face wide 10cm that ditches, the ditch of dark 10cm, press the 20cm distance and beat the dark hole of 100cm, in the hole, pile fine sand, mountain, Huaihe River seedling is lain on the hole, the eye of seedling is aimed at the hole, grow downwards in order to stem tuber.

This traditional weak point of digging zanjon ridging planting technology is that productive labor intensity is big, and productivity ratio and commodity rate are low, and output is also low.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of cultivation method that increases substantially mountain, Huaihe River per unit area yield and commodity rate.

The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above with following technical scheme: directly behind the ridging in the soil of 10-15cm depths, inclined-plane, distance ridge, with plastic film or the rebasing laying of other hard material, its gradient becomes 25-45 ° with horizontal plane, sow in the soil of mountain, Huaihe River seed 4-10cm above the apex distance hard material of ridge, stem tuber extends along the material directional growth when allowing Huai Shan knot potato.

With method cultivation Huai Shan of the present invention, having effectively utilized close ridge face soil layer day and night has " altitude temperature difference effect " and the loosing soil of the big temperature difference, the advantage that permeability is good, not only increase substantially the single rate of Huai Shan, and obviously improved quality and the commodity rate of Huai Shan.

Embodiment

Tradition Huai Shan plantation, gathering all needs deep trench excavation, plant and the labour intensity of gathering all very big, and single rate is low, product causes commodity rate low no matter in outward appearance or all be difficult to qualitatively be guaranteed, production cost can fall yet.The present invention utilizes hard material can change the characteristic of mountain, Huaihe River stem tuber growth elongation to ground, guide its direction of growth artificially, and make full use of the natural law of " temperature difference helps the stem tuber growth greatly ", promote mountain, Huaihe River stem tuber to change the direction of growth, grow up directly, grow.

During plantation, directly behind ridging on level land or the hillside, in the dark soil of distance ridge surface 10-15cm, lay rebasing with plastic film or other hard material, its gradient becomes 25-45 ° with horizontal plane, sow in the soil of mountain, Huaihe River seed 4-10cm above the apex distance hard material of ridge, stem tuber extends along the material directional growth when allowing Huai Shan knot potato.

Be the outstanding effect of definite the inventive method, the applicant had once done the open and flat knot potato test of following plastic film:

Test site: the academy of agricultural sciences, Guangxi is through doing.Press line-spacing 150cm line, trench digging, furrow width 20cm, dark 20cm, with the plastic film tiling bottom of trench of thickness 5c, its gradient becomes 0 ° with horizontal plane; Ridging plantation on April 28th, 2002, spacing in the rows 25cm, fertilizing management routinely.On January 8th, 2003 gathered.The result: the long 20-25cm of mountain, Huaihe River stem tuber, the growing point growth that on plastic film, circumnutates, curl or lumps, commodity rate is low, conversion per mu yield 521.3kg.

Below for cultivate several embodiment of Huai Shan by the method for the directed knot of the present invention potato:

Embodiment 1:

Cultivate Huai Shan at the directed knot of hilly and mountainous land potato:

By the Guangxi weather conditions, mid-May to early June is sowed, and presses line-spacing 150-160cm ridging, and at the plastic film apart from the lay thickness 5c of soil aspect elder generation that plants 15cm depths, planting-line inclined-plane, its gradient and horizontal plane are at 45; Mountain, Huaihe River seed is sowed in the soil about 4cm above the apex distance hard material of ridge, spacing in the rows 20-22cm, mu plantation 2223 strains; Every mu of fertilizing amount: sugarcane filter mud 2000kg, composite fertilizer make base manure for 30 jin, execute urea 15kg and potash fertilizer 15kg on July 16, September 12 sealing fertilizer 45kg; Adopt sprinkling irrigation system spraying trickle when the knot potato phase is arid.Survey to produce December 23, the high yield plot, the heavy 2.34kg of average individual plant potato, the heavy 13.8kg of maximum single potato, stem tuber is smooth, well-balanced, and commodity rate is more than 95%, the bright potato 5201.8kg of per mu yield.The low fertility plot on the mountain top, the heavy 1.17kg of average individual plant potato, the heavy 2.7kg of maximum single potato, the longest 173cm of single potato, stem tuber is smooth, well-balanced, and commodity rate is more than 90%, the bright potato 2601.3kg of per mu yield is than the traditional cultivation 911.4kg volume increase 185.4% of not adopting the inventive method.

Embodiment 2:

The directed knot potato cultivation Huai Shan in the nonirrigated farmland:

According to the Guangxi weather conditions, April 20 wholely, sow for May 15 to June 2, press line-spacing 150-160 centimetre and play furrow, at the plastic film apart from the lay thickness 5c of soil aspect elder generation that plants 10cm depths, planting-line inclined-plane, its gradient becomes 25 ° with horizontal plane, and mountain, Huaihe River seed is sowed in the soil about 8cm above the apex distance hard material of ridge, spacing in the rows 20-22cm, every mu of plantation 2223 strains; Rich water quality management: every mu execute 2000 kilograms of sugarcane filter muds, composite fertilizer makes base manure for 15 kilograms, executes 15 kilograms in 15 kilograms in urea and potash fertilizer on July 16, September 12, sealing fertilizer was 45 kilograms, irrigated horse race water during arid.Survey to produce December 19, the heavy 1.82kg of average individual plant potato, the heavy 4.2kg of maximum single potato, stem tuber is smooth, well-balanced, and commodity rate is more than 96%, the bright potato 3842.8kg of per mu yield.

Claims

1. the method for a cultivating directional fructification yam, when it is characterized in that planting behind the direct ridging in the soil of 10-15cm depths, inclined-plane, distance ridge, with plastic film or the rebasing laying of other hard material, its gradient becomes 25-45 degree angle with horizontal plane, sow in the soil of mountain, Huaihe River seed 4-10cm above the apex distance hard material of ridge, stem tuber extends along the material directional growth when allowing Huai Shan knot potato.