CN1354102A - 燃料电池式四轮摩托车 - Google Patents
燃料电池式四轮摩托车 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种燃料电池式四轮摩托车,在地板46的下部配置有:贮存甲醇和水的水箱41;由从该水箱41供给的甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器42;使在该改质器42产生的氢气和空气中的氧气发生电化学反应、产生电的燃料电池43;贮存在该燃料电池43产生的电的二次电池44。由此,便于将由空气、甲醇和水产生电的机械装置集中在一起。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃料电池式四轮摩托车,具有将4个车轮作为四角的、俯视图为矩形的车体,在车体的大致中央具备车座,在该车座的前方且在上述车体上具备平坦的地板、用电动马达驱动行驶。
背景技术
作为一种燃料电池式四轮摩托车,众所周知,有例如日本专利公报特开平3-109126号所公开的“燃料电池电动摩托车”。
上述技术,根据同一公报的图1,是一种将燃料电池13(标号沿用同一公报的标号)作为能源的电动摩托车,是将燃料电池13配置在车体2的中央下部的摩托车1。
例如,在使用燃料电池13的场合,如以后所描述的那样,除了燃料电池13之外,需要有贮存甲醇的燃料箱、产生氢气的改质器、贮存产生的电的二次电池等,在搭载在四轮摩托车的场合,燃料电池13、改质器和二次电池等的总布置方案也成为一个重要的课题。以下,从燃料电池的发电原理开始对燃料电池系统的一个例子进行说明。
图6(a)~(b)是说明燃料电池的发电原理的图,(a)表示一般的水的电解原理,(b)表示燃料电池的发电原理。
在(a)中,将溶解了硫酸(H2SO4)等电解质的水放入水槽101中,在该水槽101中放置白金等电极102、103,分别用容器104、105覆盖这些电极102、103,若在电极102、103之间连接直流电源106,则在为正的电极102产生氧气(O2),在为负极的电极103产生氢气(H2),这是众所周知的水(H2O)的电解原理。在此,箭头(e-)表示电荷流,箭头(H+)表示氢离子流。
在(b)中,与(a)相反,若将氧气(O2)装入一个容器104中,将氢气(H2)装入另一容器105中,在该两电极102、103之间接上负荷107,使氧气(O2)和氢气(H2)在溶解了硫酸(H2SO4)等电解质的水(H2O)中进行电化学反应,则在负荷107上有电流流过。而且,氧气(O2)和氢气(H2)结合,生成水(H2O)。
即,(a)所示的水的电解的逆反应,是燃料电池的发电原理。用以下的图对燃料电池系统进行说明。
图7是表示燃料电池系统的一个例子的方框图。燃料电池系统110由以下部分构成:贮存甲醇的燃料箱111;由甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器112;使在该改质器112产生的氢气和空气中的氧气发生电化学反应的燃料电池113;将大气中的空气经由空气滤清器114输送到该燃料电池113的第1泵115;将氢气从改质器112输送到燃料电池113的第2泵116;接收从燃料电池113排出的水蒸气和在改质器112产生、经由燃料电池113的二氧化碳气体、降低二氧化碳气体量的催化剂(触媒)117;接收从该催化剂117排出的水的水箱118;贮存在燃料电池113产生的电的二次电池119;通过控制部121与该二次电池119连接的马达122。而且,二次电池119也贮存用马达122发电产生的电。
图中,空白箭头(CH3OH)表示甲醇流,空白箭头(H2)表示氢气流,空白箭头(O2)表示氧气流,空白箭头(H2O+CO2)表示水蒸气和二氧化碳气流,空白箭头(H2O)表示水流。
如上所述,为了将燃料电池113作为四轮摩托车(图未示)的能源进行利用,需要有贮存甲醇的燃料箱111、产生氢气的改质器112、贮存在燃料电池113产生的电的二次电池119等,实际上,在将这些燃料箱111、改质器112和燃料电池113等搭载在四轮摩托车上时,必须考虑重量平衡、维修和设计造型等问题,必须摸索多方面的燃料电池系统110的总布置方案。
即,本发明的目的在于提供一种在将燃料电池搭载在四轮摩托车上的场合,能最恰当地配置燃料电池、改质器或二次电池等的技术。
发明内容
为了达到上述目的,本发明第一方面的燃料电池式四轮摩托车,具有将4个车轮作为四角的、俯视图为矩形的车体,在该车体的中央具备车座,在该车座的前方且在车体上具备平坦的地板,用电动马达驱动行驶,其特征是:在地板的下部配置有:贮存甲醇和水的水箱;由从该水箱供给的甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器;使在该改质器产生的氢气和空气中的氧气发生电化学反应、产生电的燃料电池;贮存在该燃料电池产生的电的二次电池。
将甲醇和水从水箱(タンク)供给到改质器,在改质器由这些甲醇和水产生氢气,将该氢气供给到燃料电池,在该燃料电池产生电,将该电供给到电动马达,使该电动马达旋转驱动其行驶。
另外,由于在地板的下部配置水箱、改质器、燃料电池和二次电池,所以,便于将由空气、甲醇和水产生电的机械装置集中在一起。其结果是,能将由空气、甲醇和水产生电的功能集中在1个单元,还能紧凑地汇集水箱、改质器、燃料电池和二次电池等组成部件。
本发明的第二方面,其特征是:以将车体左右分开的中心线为界,左右或右左等分地配置燃料电池和电动马达。
对于四轮摩托车来说,保持车体的重量平衡也是重要的课题,由于以将车体左右分开的中心线为界,左右或右左等分地配置燃料电池和电动马达,所以,能恰当地保持车体的重量平衡。
附图说明
图1是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的立体图。
图2是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的动力系统分解立体图。
图3是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的燃料电池单元分解立体图。
图4是说明本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的第1作用的图。
图5是说明本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的第2作用的图。
图6是说明燃料电池发电原理的图。
图7是表示燃料电池系统的一个例子的方框图。
具体实施方式
以下依据附图对本发明的实施例进行说明。而且,“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“上”、“下”是从驾驶员角度看的方向,Fr表示前侧,Rr表示后侧,L表示左侧,R表示右侧。另外,假设附图是向标号的方向看的。
图1是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的立体图,10是燃料电池式四轮摩托车,11是车体,12是车架,13是车座,14、14是作为车轮的前轮,15是前轮车轴,16、16是作为车轮的后轮,17是后轮车轴,18是包围车座13的保护架,21是靠背架,22是安装在靠背架21上的靠枕,30是动力系统,31是空气滤清器,32是吸气管,33是气泵,35是排气管,40是燃料电池单元,43是燃料电池,46是地板,51是电动马达,52是变速器。
燃料电池式四轮摩托车10是搭载有燃料电池43的轻便小车(Buggy),是划分为ATV(All Terrain Vehicle:越野车)的车辆。由于有轻便且紧凑的车体、能小半径转向、是容易操作的车辆,所以是在农业、畜牧业、狩猎、安全监控等方面移动用的、适合于休闲的非承载的专用车辆。
图2是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车动力系统的分解立体图,动力系统30由以下部分构成:净化空气的空气滤清器31;导引用空气滤清器31净化了的空气的吸气管32;配备在吸气管32上、输送空气的气泵33;将用该气泵33供给的空气作为1个要素、使其产生电的燃料电池单元40;排出在该燃料电池单元40产生的废气的排气管35;通过供给在该燃料电池单元40产生的电、以进行驱动的驱动马达51;与该驱动马达51连接的变速器52;控制该电动马达51和变速器52的控制器53。
图3是本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的燃料电池单元分解立体图,燃料电池单元40由以下部分构成:贮存甲醇和水的水箱41;由从该水箱41供给的甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器42;使在该改质器42产生的氢气和空气中的氧气产生电化学反应、产生电的燃料电池43;贮存在该燃料电池43产生的电的二次电池44;一起收纳这些水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44的罩子45;兼作盖在该罩子45上的盖子的地板46。47是安装在水箱上的帽。
罩子45由以下部分构成:收纳水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44的收纳部45a;从该收纳部45a弯曲而形成的突缘45b;形成于该突缘部45b上的安装孔45c…(…表示有多个。以下相同)。
地板46在本体部46a上形成有加强筋46b,在本体部46a上形成有安装孔46c…。
48是贯通罩子45的安装孔45c和地板46的安装孔46c、将罩子45和地板46一体地安装在车架12上的螺钉。
即,燃料电池单元40是一起收纳水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44而构成的,是能很容易地搭载在车体11(参照图1)上的单元。
以下对以上所描述的燃料电池式四轮摩托车10的作用进行说明。
图4是说明本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的第1作用的图。
燃料电池式四轮摩托车10具有将4个车轮、即前轮14、14和后轮16、16作为四角的、俯视图为矩形的车体11,在该车体11的大致中央具备车座13,在该车座13的前方且在车体11上具备平坦的地板46,用马达51驱动行驶,可以说这种四轮摩托车,在地板46的下部配置有:贮存甲醇和水的水箱41;由从该水箱41供给的甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器42;使在该改质器42产生的氢气和空气中的氧气产生电化学反应、使其产生电的燃料电池43;贮存在该燃料电池43产生的电的二次电池44。
即,燃料电池式四轮摩托车10是这样一种装置:从水箱41向改质器42供给甲醇和水,由该甲醇和水在改质器42产生氢气,将该氢气供给到燃料电池43,使其在该燃料电池43产生电流,将该电流供给到电动马达51,使该电动马达51旋转从而驱动其行驶。
燃料电池式四轮摩托车10,由于在地板46的下部配置有水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44,所以便于降低四轮摩托车的重心。
另外,由于在地板46的下部,配置有水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44,所以,能将从空气、甲醇和水中产生电的机械装置集中在一起。其结果是,能将从空气、甲醇和水中产生电的功能集中在1个单元,还能紧凑地汇集水箱41、改质器42、燃料电池43和二次电池44等组成部件。
图5是说明本发明的燃料电池式四轮摩托车的第2作用的图。表示动力系统30的动作流程。
动力系统30如箭头①所示,将甲醇(CH3OH)和水(H2O)从水箱41输送到改质器42,使其在改质器42产生氢气(H2)。
如箭头②所示,将在改质器42产生的氢气(H2)输送到燃料电池43,如箭头③所示,将大气中的氧气(O2)供给到燃料电池43,使其在燃料电池43产生电。
将从燃料电池43产生的水蒸气(H2O)和在改质器42产生、经由燃料电池43的二氧化碳(CO2)排出,在用催化剂(图未示)降低二氧化碳(CO2)等废气之后,如箭头④所示,从排气管35排放到大气中。而且,有时在由燃料电池43和改质器42产生的气体中含有少量的一氧化碳和碳氢化合物等气体,用催化剂也能减少这些气体。以下对电流的流向进行说明。
在燃料电池43产生的电,如箭头⑤所示供给到电动马达51,同时,如箭头⑥所示贮存在二次电池44中。另外,如箭头⑦所示将电从二次电池44供给到电动马达51。
另外,动力系统30,可以说是以将车体(参照图1)左右分开的中心线C为界,左右或右左等分地配置燃料电池43和电动马达51的。
对于燃料电池式四轮摩托车10(参照图1)来说,保持车体11的重量平衡也是一个重要课题,由于以将车体11左右分开的中心线C为界,左右或右左等分地配置燃料电池43和电动马达51,所以能恰当地保持车体11的重量平衡。
而且,在实施例中,如图1所示,虽然燃料电池式四轮摩托车10以轻便小车为例进行了说明,但并不限于轻便小车,可以是搭载燃料电池的四轮摩托车。
本发明由于有上述结构而具有以下效果:
根据本发明的第一方面,由于在地板的下部配置有:贮存甲醇和水的水箱;由从该水箱供给的甲醇和水中产生氢气的改质器;使在该改质器产生的氢气和空气中的氧气产生电化学反应、产生电的燃料电池;贮存在该燃料电池产生的电的二次电池,所以,能将由空气、甲醇和水产生电的机械装置集中在一起。其结果是,能将由空气、甲醇和水产生电的功能集中在1个单元,还能紧凑地汇集水箱、改质器、燃料电池和二次电池等组成部件。
根据本发明的第二方面,由于以将车体左右分开的中心线为界,左右或右左等分地配置燃料电池和电动马达,所以能恰当地保持车体的重量平衡。
Claims (2)
1.一种燃料电池式四轮摩托车,具有将4个车轮作为四角的、俯视图为矩形的车体,在该车体的基本中央具备车座,在该车座的前方且在车体上具备平坦的地板,用电动马达驱动行驶,其特征是:
在上述地板的下部配置有:贮存甲醇和水的水箱;由从该水箱供给的甲醇和水产生氢气的改质器;使在该改质器产生的氢气和空气中的氧气发生电化学反应、产生电的燃料电池;贮存在该燃料电池产生的电的二次电池。
2.如权利要求1所记载的燃料电池式四轮摩托车,其特征是:以将上述车体左右分开的中心线为界,左右或右左等分地配置上述燃料电池和上述电动马达。
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US5370711A (en) * | 1993-07-21 | 1994-12-06 | Ev Energy Systems, Inc. | Method for making an electrical energy storage device |
DE4412450A1 (de) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-10-26 | Daimler Benz Ag | Anordnung eines Antriebsaggregats in einem Elektrofahrzeug |
JPH08119180A (ja) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-05-14 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電動自転車 |
US5620057A (en) * | 1994-12-19 | 1997-04-15 | General Motors Corporation | Electric vehicle battery enclosure |
JP3764524B2 (ja) * | 1996-04-22 | 2006-04-12 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 小型車両 |
JPH11180163A (ja) * | 1997-12-18 | 1999-07-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 電気自動車 |
JP3751736B2 (ja) * | 1998-01-21 | 2006-03-01 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | 電動車両の運転制御装置 |
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-
2000
- 2000-11-20 JP JP2000352980A patent/JP2002165309A/ja active Pending
-
2001
- 2001-09-11 TW TW090122504A patent/TW503191B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-10-19 IT IT2001TO000995A patent/ITTO20010995A1/it unknown
- 2001-11-16 CN CNB011376821A patent/CN1254391C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-19 FR FR0114924A patent/FR2816889B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-11-20 US US09/988,769 patent/US6648085B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100402366C (zh) * | 2002-07-31 | 2008-07-16 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | 四轮车辆 |
CN100355600C (zh) * | 2002-09-10 | 2007-12-19 | 亚太燃料电池科技股份有限公司 | 燃料电池电动机车 |
CN103052520A (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2013-04-17 | 三菱自动车工业株式会社 | 车辆的后部保护结构 |
CN103052520B (zh) * | 2010-08-03 | 2015-10-21 | 三菱自动车工业株式会社 | 车辆的后部保护结构 |
CN109291778A (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-02-01 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 车辆地板下方结构 |
CN109291778B (zh) * | 2017-07-25 | 2021-04-27 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 车辆地板下方结构 |
CN108674284A (zh) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-10-19 | 福建三龙新能源汽车有限公司 | 一种多功能安全性佳的电动打猎车 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2816889B1 (fr) | 2008-08-22 |
US6648085B2 (en) | 2003-11-18 |
FR2816889A1 (fr) | 2002-05-24 |
CN1254391C (zh) | 2006-05-03 |
US20020060100A1 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
JP2002165309A (ja) | 2002-06-07 |
ITTO20010995A1 (it) | 2003-04-19 |
TW503191B (en) | 2002-09-21 |
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