CN1279809C - Artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma - Google Patents
Artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma spp., which comprises the following steps: (1) producing parasitic eggs, selecting and storing tussah cocoons, heating cocoons, collecting and storing moths, paunching to collect eggs, washing the eggs, and disinfecting and drying the eggs; (2) breeding trichogramma spp. Breeds; (3) inoculating the trichogramma spp.; (4) laying eggs and eliminating adult trichogramma spp.; (5) developing and breeding; (6) selecting products; (7) making trichogramma spp. Cards; (8) storing the trichogramma spp. Cards; (9) warming and releasing the trichogramma spp. Cards. The technical scheme provided by the present invention can perfect the selecting and breeding technique of superior trichogramma spp., realize the propagation of the trichogramma spp. With good quality, high efficiency and batch production, and carry out mass production. The present invention is applied to the technical field of the biological control of agricultural insect pests to prevent and kill agricultural insect pests of bollworm, etc. and satisfy the production requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propagation production technology of a kind of honeybee, particularly a kind of oophagous trichogrammae artificial progagation method belongs to the biological control technical fields of pest.
Background technology
Along with human sciences's development of technology, implement the common recognition that the sustainable development agricultural has begun to become countries in the world.Continue reasonably to utilize and resource allocation, non-harmful plant protection technology is developed in developing agricultural production, to protect and to improve environment, is justifiable developing direction.Abroad in the crop pests control; active development utilizes natural enemy; and to the batch production of natural enemy product produce, apply commercialization, the scale direction develops; reduce the usage amount of chemical pesticide gradually; reduce it to the pollution of environment with to people and animals' murder by poisoning; keep ecological balance the quality of making the life better.The trend of modern agricultural development makes the natural enemy product become to be favourably welcome a kind of commodity that economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefits are all good.In recent years, the research of natural enemy insect is both at home and abroad used because the development of technology, make significant progress, biology and ecological characteristics to the pest natural enemy insect of many types are furtherd investigate, and explore its control potential, self numerous approach of expansion and field application etc. to insect, all obtain more greatly, newer achievement.A large amount of breedings of oophagous trichogrammae and release are the most successful examples of China's biological control of insect pests.But in the oophagous trichogrammae production process, in original large scale artificial breeding's method, ignored selection to oophagous trichogrammae honeybee kind and strain, and in the availability of host egg, the control of kind honeybee disease, sterile working, breeding and storage, the examination and test of products in numerous honeybee process and clean aspect such as technology and have big problem, caused production efficiency not high, product quality is difficult to guarantee, has influenced production capacity and the field control worm effect of oophagous trichogrammae.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, and proposes a kind of oophagous trichogrammae artificial progagation method, and this method has realized high-quality, efficient, in enormous quantities breeding oophagous trichogrammae, meets the needs of production.
Technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma may further comprise the steps:
(1) production of host egg
A. the selection of tussah cocoon and storage: selecting does not have disease pupa, tender pupa, female cocoon rate more than 80%, thousand kernel weight reaches the healthy tussah cocoon more than 11 kilograms; The tussah cocoon that chooses is housed in 0 ℃ ± 2 ℃, and in guarantor's cocoon storehouse of RH50-70%, cocoon is deposited with the layering of cocoon bed in the storehouse, or places cocoon cage, cocoon basket to preserve, and makes regular check on, and the silk cocoon temperature-sensitive does not evenly generate heat, does not make moist, do not go mouldy;
B. heating of cocoon: according to numerous honeybee plan warming cocoons date, before the warming cocoons cocoon is worn bunchiness, promptly pass the floating hair of cocoon afterbody with fine rule, worm base of a fruit ground outwardly, down, wear into the cocoon string, it is indoor to hang warming cocoons, and the warming cocoons temperature heats up from low to high, and initial temperature is 10-12 ℃, heat gradually to increase progressively 1-2 ℃ every day, held stationary when rising to 20-22 ℃ the highlyest is no more than 25 ℃, RH60-75%;
C. receive the moth storage: male moth sprouts wings Zao than female moth, for preventing the male and female mating, stimulates female moth from laying eggs, and receives male moth earlier, then the female moth of tussah that sprouts wings is deposited storage 24-48 hour under 0-2 ℃ of low temperature;
D. cut open the belly and adopt ovum and wash ovum: earlier female moth head is lifted, its belly being put into the machine of cuing open cuts open the belly and gets ovum again, ovum is through rinsing, after Ex-all is doped in the polypide fragment and capsule impurity of ovum intergranular, put into green ovum scavenger and remove immature ovum, remove with water rinse again and squeeze the broken broken chorion of immature ovum, green ovum rate is reduced to below 3%;
E. the sterilization of ovum with dry: cleaned ovum is sent into the ovum disinfection room, soaks taking-up after 8-12 minute, after the drier drying, enter the ovum workshop of drying in the air and dry in the shade with 0.1% bromogeramine liquid;
(2) the honeybee kind is bred
Behind the entozoic oophagous trichogrammae of natural world collection target pest ovum, the oophagous trichogrammae that collects is placed temperature 23-25 ℃, grow under RH.65～75% condition, sprout wings honeybee after, be transferred in the vector ovum, impurity elimination is purified after breeding for 1～2 generation continuously, and pass through its parasitic rate, the emergence bee hatching rate, fertility, the property ratio, storage characteristic and the search capability of target pest ovum detected test, select good oophagous trichogrammae honeybee kind, advantage honeybee kind is bred through a generation after determining, when larvae development arrives larva during mid-term, immediately at 2-4 ℃, standby when being saved to the breeding of honeybee kind under the RH 50-60% condition, or expand the honeybee kind numerous, to accumulate enough oophagous trichogrammae kind honeybee quantity, expand numerous kind when connecing honeybee, the ovum ratio is 1: 35～40, connecing the honeybee egg-laying time is 12～24 hours, 25～27 ℃ of indoor temperatures, RH80～85%, after laying eggs 12～24 hours, send honeybee ovum dish to 25 ℃, RH.60～70% honeybee kind grows the chamber and grows, when the parasitic wasp in the egg of oak silkworm grows to larva during mid-term, in time at 2～4 ℃, preserve stand-by under RH.50～60% condition;
(3) connect honeybee: in oophagous trichogrammae quantity: host egg quantity is 1: the ratio of 25-35 connects honeybee, and vaccination ways adopts kind of ovum and host egg to puddle tray and connects the honeybee method;
(4) lay eggs and sieve and go into honeybee: laying eggs requires at 25～27 ℃, and under the dark condition of RH85～90%, after oophagous trichogrammae peace and quiet in laying coop were laid eggs 24～48 hours, sieve went into honeybee and removes kind of an ovum chorion;
(5) grow to cultivate: will finish the lay eggs host egg of process of oophagous trichogrammae and be transported into and grow the chamber and cultivate, field natural temperature condition when growing chamber simulated target control of insect, host egg is grown ripe larval phase, sends into cleaning room and cleans;
(6) cleaning of product: the finished product honeybee ovum that is lower than quality requirement is cleaned, removed not egg parasitoid and green ovum, make product quality reach required standard (attached), and qualified honeybee ovum is put into 2～4 ℃, preserve in RH50～70% freezer;
(7) fabrication: select for use toughness strong, the good paper of glue and viscosity is good, the milky white adhesive easily done, utilize glue spreader the even scrubbing brush of milky white adhesive on paper, supermature oophagous trichogrammae egg parasitoid, be bonded at securely on the paper then, drying in the shade gets final product;
(8) the honeybee card is preserved: be placed in after the honeybee card dries under 2～4 ℃, RH60～70% condition and preserve;
(9) warm card discharges: put the growth of heating under the natural temperature condition of field when being stuck in target pest control described in the step (5) of honeybee before the honeybee, conditions such as local weather forecast were taken all factors into consideration the back and were determined according to the insect development progress of respectively putting honeybee unit and being prevented and treated time of heating.
Preferably, describedly connect honeybee by oophagous trichogrammae quantity: host egg quantity is to connect honeybee at 1: 30.
The present invention has following advantage: improved host's egg of oak silkworm availability, increased the honeybee kind and select technology contents, effectively controlled disease in the numerous honeybee process of oophagous trichogrammae, basically accomplished sterile working, explored oophagous trichogrammae and breed wet condition of thermophilic of each stage and Quality Control Technology, realize high-quality, efficient, in enormous quantities breeding oophagous trichogrammae, be used for agriculture and forestry injurious insects such as control of maize snout moth's larva, cotton bollworm.
Adopt scheme provided by the invention to make the production of natural enemy insect oophagous trichogrammae not be subject to seasonal restrictions, make full use of factory building, equipment, manpower etc., the mechanization and the artificial climate control level of production process have been improved greatly, reduced cost, perfect advantage honeybee kind is selected, numerous honeybee and storing technology, can batch production large-scale production high-quality oophagous trichogrammae, meet the needs of production.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma.
The specification requirement that discharges according to control area, numerous honeybee and field is as putting the honeybee amount, put the honeybee number of times, putting the artificial propagation production schedules of formulation oophagous trichogrammaes such as honeybee date.Specifically, mainly be tentatively to determine to put the honeybee date with a situation arises and put honeybee area and quantity period according to target pest generation over the years, according to putting definite heat date and quantity of planting honeybee of honeybee date, coordinate the outbound of tussah simultaneously and heat date and quantity then.Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma step is as follows:
1, the production of host egg and utilization
In a large amount of breeding oophagous trichogrammae processes of batch production, the cut open the belly quality of archiblast amount of its host-tussah directly influences production cost, numerous honeybee quantity and quality.
(1) selection of tussah cocoon and storage
Selection does not have disease pupa, tender pupa, female cocoon rate more than 80%, thousand kernel weight reaches the healthy tussah cocoon more than 11 kilograms, note without the temperature-sensitive cocoon and freeze cocoon.It is 0 ℃ ± 2 ℃ that the tussah cocoon that chooses is housed in temperature, RH is 60%, and in guarantor's cocoon storehouse of good heat insulating, cocoon deposits or place cocoon cage, cocoon basket to preserve with the layering of cocoon bed in the storehouse, and make regular check on, guarantee that the silk cocoon temperature-sensitive does not evenly generate heat, does not make moist, do not go mouldy.
(2) cocoon heats
According to numerous honeybee plan warming cocoons date.Pass the floating hair of cocoon afterbody before the warming cocoons with fine rule, worm base of a fruit ground outwardly, cocoon is worn bunchiness down, it is indoor to hang warming cocoons.The warming cocoons temperature heats up from low to high, and initial temperature is 10, heats gradually to increase progressively 1-2 ℃ every day, and held stationary when rising to 20-22 ℃ the highlyest is no more than 25 ℃, and relative moisture remains on 60%; To establish the personal management in the warming cocoons process, be sure not to make temperature fluctuated.Observe record temperature, humidity round the clock, control tussah moth sprouts wings the date, and the warming cocoons chamber will keep air fresh, and floor cleaning is through bactericide disinfection commonly used.
(3) receive moth and get ovum
Silkworm moth generally sprouts wings in the afternoon, and male moth sprouts wings Zao than female moth, for preventing the male and female mating, stimulates female moth from laying eggs, and receives male moth earlier, then the female moth of tussah that sprouts wings is deposited storage 30 hours under 0-2 ℃ of low temperature.
(4) cut open the belly and wash ovum
Be to guarantee the ovum cleanliness, earlier female moth head is lifted, again its belly is put into the machine of cuing open and cut open the belly and get ovum.Ovum is through rinsing, and Ex-all is put into green ovum scavenger and removed immature ovum after being doped in impurity such as the polypide fragment of ovum intergranular and capsule, removes crowded broken immature ovum and broken chorion with water rinse again, and green ovum rate is reduced to below 3%.
(5) sterilization of ovum with dry
Cleaned ovum is sent into the ovum disinfection room, is that the immersion of 0.1% bromogeramine liquid was taken out after 10 minutes with concentration, enters the ovum workshop of drying in the air and dry in the shade after drier dries.
2, the honeybee kind is bred
Behind the entozoic oophagous trichogrammae of natural world collection target pest ovum, be placed under 25 ℃ of temperature, the RH.70% condition and grow, sprout wings honeybee after, be transferred in the vector ovum, impurity elimination is purified after breeding for 1 generation continuously, and and by its parasitic rate, emergence bee hatching rate, fertility, property are detected test than, storage characteristic with to the search capability of target pest ovum, it is preferred to carry out the honeybee kind, selects good oophagous trichogrammae honeybee kind.After advantage honeybee kind is determined through generation breeding, when larvae development to larva during mid-term, standby when being saved to the breeding of honeybee kind under RH 60% condition immediately at temperature 2-4 ℃, or the honeybee kind is expanded numerous, accumulate enough oophagous trichogrammae kind honeybee quantity.The honeybee kind can be placed in test tube or other containers, and guarantees the accurate and stable of reserve temperature.Choose from the collection of honeybee kind and to produce a large amount of production and use honeybee, numerous through 6 expansions.Expand numerously connect the honeybee kind, the ovum ratio is 1: 40, connecing the honeybee egg-laying time is 20 hours, 26 ℃ of indoor temperatures, RH80%, after laying eggs 20 hours, send honeybee ovum dish to temperature 25 ℃, humidity RH.65% honeybee kind is grown the chamber and is grown, when the parasitic wasp in the egg of oak silkworm grows to larva during mid-term, in time under 2～4 ℃, RH.50～60% condition, preserve stand-by; The honeybee kind expand numerous during, take the alternately breeding of rice moth egg and egg of oak silkworm, become honeybee to connect the honeybee method alternately and the honeybee ratio that connects of strict control kind of honeybee with puddling, guarantee suitable single egg parasite number means such as (50～70), cultivate and strengthen honeybee.
3, connect honeybee: by oophagous trichogrammae kind quantity: the host egg quantitative proportion is 1: 30, connect honeybee, single egg parasite numerical control is suitable built in the 70-90 head, parasitic rate, eclosion rate, single egg parasite number and male and female are taken all factors into consideration than index, puddle inoculation when planting bee eclosion 10%, connecing the honeybee time is 28 hours, and vaccination ways adopts kind of ovum and host egg to puddle tray and connects the honeybee method.
4, the kind honeybee lays eggs and sieves and go into honeybee: laying coop requires at 25-27 ℃, and under the dark condition of RH85-90%, after oophagous trichogrammae peace and quiet in laying coop were laid eggs 28 hours, sieve went into honeybee and removes kind of an ovum chorion;
5, grow to cultivate: will finish the lay eggs host egg of process of oophagous trichogrammae and be transported into and grow the chamber and cultivate, field natural temperature condition when growing chamber simulated target control of insect, host egg is grown ripe larval phase, sends into cleaning room and cleans;
6, cleaning of product: the finished product honeybee ovum that is lower than quality requirement is cleaned, removed not egg parasitoid and green ovum, make product quality reach required standard; Provide every day host egg to clean the green ovum rate in back, lay eggs, grow and clean the comprehensive quality inspection report of parasitic rate, eclosion rate and single egg parasite number in each stage of back, notify the quality problems that occur in the production at once.Cleaning the back egg parasitoid will be through after the assay was approved, indicates that assay is allowed for access 2～4 ℃, the storage of RH60% freezer, and register.
7, fabrication: select for use toughness strong, the good paper of glue and viscosity is good, the milky white adhesive easily done, utilize glue spreader the even scrubbing brush of milky white adhesive on paper, supermature oophagous trichogrammae egg parasitoid, be bonded at securely on the paper then, drying in the shade gets final product;
8, honeybee card refrigeration: the honeybee card after drying is placed in stored refrigerated in 2-4 ℃, RH65% freezer;
9, warm card discharges: put honeybee before the honeybee and be stuck in aforementioned oophagous trichogrammae and grow under the temperature and humidity condition (during target pest control described in the step (5) under the natural temperature condition of the field) growth of heating, conditions such as local weather forecast were taken all factors into consideration the back and were determined according to the insect development progress of respectively putting honeybee unit and being prevented and treated time of heating.Key link is equipped with special facility in production process, as adopts ovum machine, crowded green ovum machine, dewaterer, winnower winnowing machine, separator, glue spreader etc.The ring ring joins as connecing honeybee, lay eggs etc. in important production procedure.Sterile working is controlled and carried out to laying coop automatically with artificial climates such as growing the chamber, forms a large-scale industrialized breeding oophagous trichogrammae production line based on the artificial climate control of machinery basically, reached the leading level in the world.In large-scale industrialized numerous honeybee process, various pathogens are serious day by day to infecting of oophagous trichogrammae and host egg, cause parasitic rate, eclosion rate obviously to reduce, numerous honeybee decrease in efficiency, and production cost increases, even numerous honeybee is come a howler.Pressing in the production provides effective comprehensive preventive health measures.In the propagation production process of oophagous trichogrammae, with concentration bromogeramine, concentration potassium permanganate and uviol lamp etc. respectively to the sterilization that carries out disinfection of host egg, room and apparatus.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of artificial breeding and producing method for trichogramma may further comprise the steps:
(1) production of host egg
A. the selection of tussah cocoon and storage: selecting does not have disease pupa, tender pupa, female cocoon rate more than 80%, thousand kernel weight reaches the healthy tussah cocoon more than 11 kilograms; The tussah cocoon that chooses is housed in 0 ℃ ± 2 ℃, and in guarantor's cocoon storehouse of RH50-70%, cocoon is deposited with the layering of cocoon bed in the storehouse, or places cocoon cage, cocoon basket to preserve, and makes regular check on, and the silk cocoon temperature-sensitive does not evenly generate heat, does not make moist, do not go mouldy;
B. heating of cocoon: according to numerous honeybee plan warming cocoons date, before the warming cocoons cocoon is worn bunchiness, promptly pass the floating hair of cocoon afterbody with fine rule, the cocoon string is worn into outwardly, down in worm base of a fruit ground, it is indoor to hang warming cocoons, the warming cocoons temperature heats up from low to high, and initial temperature is 10-12 ℃, heats gradually to increase progressively 1-2 ℃ every day, held stationary when rising to 20-25 ℃, RH60-75%;
C. receive the moth storage: male moth sprouts wings Zao than female moth, for preventing the male and female mating, stimulates female moth from laying eggs, and receives male moth earlier, then the female moth of tussah that sprouts wings is deposited storage 24-48 hour under 0-2 ℃ of low temperature;
D. cut open the belly and adopt ovum and wash ovum: earlier female moth head is lifted, its belly being put into the machine of cuing open cuts open the belly and gets ovum again, ovum is through rinsing, after Ex-all is doped in the polypide fragment and capsule impurity of ovum intergranular, put into green ovum scavenger and remove immature ovum, remove with water rinse again and squeeze the broken chorion of broken immature ovum, green ovum rate is reduced to below 3%;
E. the sterilization of ovum with dry: cleaned ovum is sent into the ovum disinfection room, soaks taking-up after 8-12 minute, after the drier drying, enter the ovum workshop of drying in the air and dry in the shade with 0.1% bromogeramine liquid;
(2) the honeybee kind is bred
Behind the entozoic oophagous trichogrammae of natural world collection target pest ovum, the oophagous trichogrammae that collects is placed temperature 23-25 ℃, grow under RH65～75% condition, sprout wings honeybee after, be transferred in the vector ovum, impurity elimination is purified after breeding for 1～2 generation continuously, and pass through its parasitic rate, the emergence bee hatching rate, fertility, the property ratio, storage characteristic and the search capability of target pest ovum detected test, select good oophagous trichogrammae honeybee kind, advantage honeybee kind is bred through a generation after determining, when larvae development arrives larva during mid-term, immediately at 2-4 ℃, standby when being saved to the breeding of honeybee kind under the RH 50-60% condition, or expand the honeybee kind numerous, to accumulate enough oophagous trichogrammae kind honeybee quantity, expand numerous kind when connecing honeybee, the ovum ratio is 1: 35～40, connecing the honeybee egg-laying time is 12～24 hours, 25～27 ℃ of indoor temperatures, RH80～85%, after laying eggs 12～24 hours, send honeybee ovum dish to 25 ℃, RH60～70% honeybee kind grows the chamber and grows, when the parasitic wasp in the egg of oak silkworm grows to larva during mid-term, in time at 2～4 ℃, preserve stand-by under RH50～60% condition;
(3) connect honeybee: in oophagous trichogrammae quantity: host egg quantity is 1: the ratio of 25-35 connects honeybee, and vaccination ways adopts kind of ovum and host egg to puddle tray and connects the honeybee method;
(4) lay eggs and sieve and go into honeybee: laying eggs requires at 25～27 ℃, and under the dark condition of RH85～90%, after oophagous trichogrammae peace and quiet in laying coop were laid eggs 24～48 hours, sieve went into honeybee and removes kind of an ovum chorion;
(5) grow to cultivate: will finish the lay eggs host egg of process of oophagous trichogrammae and be transported into and grow the chamber and cultivate, field natural temperature condition when growing chamber simulated target control of insect, host egg is grown ripe larval phase, sends into cleaning room and cleans;
(6) cleaning of product: the finished product honeybee ovum that is lower than quality requirement is cleaned, removed not egg parasitoid and green ovum, make product quality reach required standard, and qualified honeybee ovum is put into 2～4 ℃, preserve in RH50～70% freezer;
(7) fabrication: select for use toughness strong, the good paper of glue and viscosity is good, the milky white adhesive easily done, utilize glue spreader the even scrubbing brush of milky white adhesive on paper, supermature oophagous trichogrammae egg parasitoid, be bonded at securely on the paper then, drying in the shade gets final product;
(8) the honeybee card is preserved: be placed in after the honeybee card dries under 2～4 ℃, RH60～70% condition and preserve;
(9) warm card discharges: put growths of heating under the natural temperature condition of field when being stuck in target pest control described in the step (5) of honeybee before the honeybee, the time of heating, it is definite that local weather forecast condition is taken all factors into consideration the back according to the insect development progress of respectively putting honeybee unit and being prevented and treated.
2, oophagous trichogrammae artificial progagation method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: describedly connect honeybee by oophagous trichogrammae quantity: host egg quantity is to connect honeybee at 1: 30.
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2005
- 2005-01-26 CN CN 200510002748 patent/CN1279809C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102125002A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-07-20 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for artificially raising plant bug parasitic wasps |
| CN102125002B (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2013-05-29 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for artificially raising plant bug parasitic wasps |
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