CN103283686A - Leech soilless breeding method - Google Patents
Leech soilless breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103283686A CN103283686A CN2013102375816A CN201310237581A CN103283686A CN 103283686 A CN103283686 A CN 103283686A CN 2013102375816 A CN2013102375816 A CN 2013102375816A CN 201310237581 A CN201310237581 A CN 201310237581A CN 103283686 A CN103283686 A CN 103283686A
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Abstract
The invention provides a leech soilless breeding method. According to the technical scheme of the leech soilless breeding method, (1) materials which are non-poisonous, have no peculiar smell, and are loose in structure, air-permeable, capable of holding moisture, and light in weight are used as soilless base materials; (2) technical processing is carried out on the soilless base materials; (3) in a breeding water area, a breeding net box is well fixed, a floating plate is arranged in the net box, the processed soilless base materials are placed on the floating plate after the soilless base materials fully absorb water, leeches on the point of oviposition are placed in the soilless base materials, and a cover plate covers the net box; (4) appropriate humidity of the soilless base materials is kept; (5) egg cocoons of the leeches are collected regularly; (6) the leeches are recovered timely after oviposition is finished. The leech soilless breeding method overcomes the defects that when an existing conventional oviposition method is used, a large amount of manpower and a large number of material resources and financial resources are needed to build an oviposition platform, the oviposition platform is drowned out by water easily, labor is consumed to excavate the egg cocoons, the leeches are high in death rate, and the damage rate of the egg cocoons of the leeches is high, and improves the breeding efficiency and economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of leech does not have native propagation method, belongs to special economic animal and cultures the field.
Background technology
Leech is commonly called as leech, is the general designation of Annelida Hirudinea animal.Leech is the traditional traditional Chinese medicine of China, and the effect of have broken blood, pursuing the stasis of blood, stimulating the menstrual flow is mainly used in treating angiocardiopathy and tumor and cancers such as the clear stasis of blood, amenorrhoea, traumatic injury and apoplexy, hypertension.The leech kind that traditional Chinese medicine uses mainly is eurysome golden thread leech, hiruto and Hirudo japonica.Propagating artificially of these three kinds of leech all obtained initial success at present.
Though propagating artificially of leech succeedd, still have a lot of incomplete places.Only leech breeds this respect of laying eggs, it all is to adopt the imitative wild cubic metre of earth formula that has that leech breeding is at present laid eggs, be exactly in the hirudiniculture environment, manually build the platform of laying eggs that exceeds the water surface with earth, allow leech pierce mating in the earth of the platform of laying eggs automatically, to lay eggs.After leech laid eggs 20-30 days, manually excavate platform earth with instrument, take out the ovum cocoon that leech produces, again the ovum cocoon is concentrated hatching.According to our practical experience and investigation, this have local products ovum mode mainly to have following drawback:
1. need a large amount of manpower and materials of cost and financial resources to remove chesson, build the platform of laying eggs.
2. bad or manage when not in place in irrigation and drainage, the platform of laying eggs exists when raining heavily and is submerged the risk that causes leech and the death of ovum cocoon.
3. the back kind leech lethality of laying eggs is very high, generally about 50%.Because platform soil hardens easily, leech pierces the very effort of laying eggs in the soil, lay eggs simultaneously and itself just consume one's strength very much, so often unable earth that gets out again of back leech of laying eggs, harmful organisms such as spider, mole cricket are often arranged in the soil in addition, these harmful organisms are often attacked the leech after laying eggs and ovum cocoon, cause leech and ovum cocoon injures and deaths.
4. manually digging cocoon takes a lot of work and can cause ovum cocoon loss.After leech lays eggs, can only use artificial method in earth, carefully excavate soil, take out the ovum cocoon.In getting the process of ovum, shoveling steps on brokenly and digs brokenly the ovum cocoon unavoidably.According to our investigation ovum cocoon breakage rate more than 10%.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of leech does not have native propagation method, has avoided the conventional above-mentioned drawback that local products ovum mode is arranged.For avoiding above-mentioned drawback, the invention provides following technical scheme:
1. select to have the material of nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, short texture, ventilative, water conservation, light these characteristics of quality as soilless substrate;
2. soilless substrate is carried out technical finesse;
3. in culturing the waters, fix the breeding net cage, arrange kickboard in the net cage, be placed on the kickboard after treated soilless substrate is fully absorbed water, put into the kind leech that is about to lay eggs, cover cover plate;
4. the suitable humidity that keeps soilless substrate;
5. regularly gather Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns;
6. plant and in time reclaim kind of a leech after leech has produced the ovum cocoon.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
(1) selects to have the material of nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, short texture, ventilative, water conservation, light these characteristics of quality as soilless substrate.Soilless substrate of the present invention can be one or more in various straws, the root system of plant.For example: the root system of weter hyacinth, straw, straw etc.
(2) soilless substrate is carried out technical finesse.The method of soilless substrate being carried out technical finesse is earlier soilless substrate to be soaked 2 days with clear water, gets afterwards to be placed on again and is exposed to the sun under the sun 3 days.The purpose of soaking be reduce the harmful substance that may contain in the soilless substrate and it fluffed soft.The purpose of being exposed to the sun is various pathogenic microorganisms and the various harmful organisms of killing in the soilless substrate.The work for the treatment of of soilless substrate should be laid eggs leech and be carried out in preceding 20 days.Treated soilless substrate should properly be collected before using and take good care of in order to avoid make moist and go mouldy or insect pest takes place.
(3) in culturing the waters, fix the breeding net cage, arrange kickboard in the net cage, be placed on the kickboard after treated soilless substrate is fully absorbed water, put into the kind leech that is about to lay eggs, cover cover plate.Ready soilless substrate should be put into the place that leech lays eggs before beginning to lay eggs by leech after the annual beginning of spring, so that leech lays eggs.Concrete laying method is:
(a) fixing breeding net cage and arrange kickboard.Net cage described here refers to the cube fish culture net cage with the making of 60-80 purpose polyethylene aging-resistant material.The net cage upper end open, net cage extends into " 7 " font around the upper end in net cage, and development length is run away in order to prevent leech at 0.15-0.2 rice.Net cage length is not limit, and is advisable to be fit to the breeding water body environment, and width generally is no more than 5 meters, and the net cage height is 1 meter.Net cage is fixing with bamboo wood, and net cage is suspended in the water.The net cage underwater penetration is at 0.1 meter to 0.3 meter.The pond depth of water is no more than 0.5 meter, so that water checks the leech situation of laying eggs under the operating personnel.Kickboard refers to plastic foam plate, and kickboard length is not limit, and width is no more than 1.2 meters, 0.03 meter to 0.05 meter of thickness; Beat several permeable apertures above the kickboard, in case ponding above the kickboard.The diameter of aperture be no more than 0.005 meter in case leech in aperture, lay eggs.The method for arranging of kickboard is to place row's kickboard in net cage inside around the water surface, lines up a week.In the net cage leave a blank in the centre position of the water surface.
(b) place soilless substrate with the kind leech that is about to lay eggs and cover cover plate.Place on kickboard through handling and the abundant soilless substrate of suction, the soilless substrate of placement should keep rarefaction, can not compacting, and the thickness that soilless substrate is placed is 0.1-0.3 rice.Put into the kind leech that is about to lay eggs afterwards and cover cover plate.Cover plate is to be made with plastic foam plate, and cover plate length is not limit, 0.03 meter to 0.05 meter of thickness, and width is wideer 0.05 meter than kickboard, and to be that shading is rainproof preserve moisture the purpose that covers cover plate.
(4) the suitable humidity of maintenance soilless substrate.Put in the net cage after soilless substrate and the kind leech, should raise cover plate every day, check the humidity of soilless substrate, find in time to spray water when matrix becomes dry.Water spray is to keep the moistening and ponding degree of being not of matrix.Find in time to reduce after leech begins to lay eggs checking number of times, lay eggs in order to avoid influence leech.
Regularly gather Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns.The situation of laying eggs of running check kind leech after discovery kind of a leech lays eggs, is gathered Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns one time week about.Because it is moving that leech is liked quiet fearness, so after finding that leech lays eggs, do not gather the ovum cocoon immediately, if gather the ovum cocoon every day, leech may not lay eggs or produces empty cocoon because of frightened so.After generally laying eggs from the discovery leech, gather a deutovum cocoon weekly.Raise cover plate during collection, gently push soilless substrate aside with have gentle hands, pick up Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns and get final product.Do not touch the leech that is laying eggs during collection, do not gather the ovum cocoon that does not also have sclerosis that has just produced yet.After having adopted soilless substrate and cover plate are restored.The ovum cocoon that collects is concentrated hatching behind the soilless substrate of removing adhesion.
Plant and in time reclaim kind of a leech after leech has produced the ovum cocoon.Leech begin to lay eggs back 30-40 days, most of all multiparity ovum that is over of leech of planting have only a small amount of kind of leech laying eggs, and plant the ovum cocoon that leech produces this moment and obviously reduces, be the time of the recovery kind leech of the best.Can raise cover plate, gently successively push matrix aside with have gentle hands, take out the kind leech in the matrix, pack up kickboard and soilless substrate again, the remaining kind leech in net cage is also regained in the lump.The kind leech of regaining can continue to support and lays eggs to next year, also can process sale.
Beneficial effect: compare with the existing conventional technology of laying eggs, adopt technology of the present invention to carry out the leech breeding, need not the construction of wasting manpower and material resources's financial resources has local products ovum platform; Do not flood the risk of the platform of laying eggs; The lethality of planting leech after laying eggs is 0; The Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns collection is very simple and convenient; The ovum cocoon can not sustain damage when gathering the ovum cocoon; Reproductive efficiency and economic benefit have been improved.
Embodiment
According to following embodiment, the present invention may be better understood, yet example only is used for explanation the present invention, and should also can not limit the present invention described in detail in claims.
Example 1 carries out the breeding of leech soilless substrate in washing basin 1.
Before laying eggs, leech is ready to straw earlier as soilless substrate.Straw soaked to pick up to be put into after 2 days in clear water again be exposed to the sun under the sun 3 days, it is good standby to treat that straw dries the back collection.
When water temperature 15 degree is above after the beginning of spring, in outdoor washing basin, place the cube of the making net cage of laying eggs, long 5 meters of net cage, wide 2 meters, net cage is made of 60 purpose polyethylene aging-resistant materials.The net cage upper end open, net cage extends into " 7 " font around the upper end in net cage, and development length is 0.15 meter, and net cage is fixed and is suspended on bamboo pole in the water, 0.2 meter of net cage underwater penetration.0.4 meter of the pond depth of water.Place row's kickboard in net cage inside around the water surface, line up a week, in the net cage leave a blank in the centre position of the water surface.Kickboard uses 0.04 meter thick buoyancy plastic foam plate to make.Every kickboard is grown 1 meter, and is wide 0.5 meter.Make a call to 3 permeable apertures above the every kickboard.0.004 meter of the diameter of aperture.The straw that early-stage preparations are good fully absorbs water the back on kickboard, the straw of placing keeps rarefaction, not compacting, the thickness of straw is 0.15 meter, from the eurysome golden thread leech leech that goes to kind of usefulness, pick out 2000 of leech that are suitable for doing kind of usefulness and be put in the fish culture net cage, at straw loam cake lastblock plastic foam plate as cover plate.The purpose that covers cover plate is that shading is preserved moisture.Ingest the agreeable to the taste live body screw water supply leech of net cage input after putting into kind of leech.Raise cover plate every day, push the humidity that straw checks a straw aside, the situation of laying eggs of inspection leech, timely water spray once sprays water to keep the moistening not ponding of straw degree of being when finding the straw exsiccation.After leech begins to lay eggs, reduce checking number of times, lay eggs in order to avoid influence leech.After finding that leech lays eggs, gather a deutovum cocoon weekly.When gathering the ovum cocoon, raise cover plate, gently successively push straw aside with have gentle hands, find that behind the ovum cocoon be available hand getting collection.In time straw and cover plate are restored after having adopted.When gathering the ovum cocoon, try not to touch the leech that is laying eggs, also do not gather the ovum cocoon that does not also have sclerosis that has just produced.The Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns that collects is concentrated hatching after removal is bonded at straw on the ovum cocoon.Plant and in time reclaim after leech has produced ovum.When leech opened 30 days postpartum, the ovum cocoon that leech produces obviously reduced, and namely be the time of the recovery kind leech of the best this moment, raises cover plate, gently successively pushs straw aside with have gentle hands, took out the kind leech in the straw.Pack up kickboard and straw again, the remaining kind leech in net cage is also regained in the lump.The kind leech processing of regaining is sold.The result collects 4205 of Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns altogether, and ovum cocoon serviceability rate 100% is recovered to 2000 of kind of leech, plants leech lethality 0%.
Example 2 carries out the breeding of leech soilless substrate in washing basin 2.
Before laying eggs, leech is ready to the weeds stalk earlier as soilless substrate.The weeds stalk soaked to pick up to be put into after 2 days in clear water again be exposed to the sun under the sun 3 days, it is good standby to treat that the weeds stalk dries the back collection.
When water temperature 15 degree is above after the beginning of spring, in outdoor washing basin 2, place the cube of the making net cage of laying eggs, long 4.5 meters of net cage, wide 3 meters, net cage is made of 60 purpose polyethylene aging-resistant materials.The net cage upper end open, net cage extends into " 7 " font around the upper end in net cage, and development length is 0.2 meter, and net cage is fixed and is suspended on bamboo pole in the water, 0.3 meter of net cage underwater penetration.0.4 meter of the pond depth of water.Place row's kickboard in net cage inside around the water surface, line up a week, in the net cage leave a blank in the centre position of the water surface.Kickboard uses 0.05 meter thick buoyancy plastic foam plate to make.Every kickboard is grown 1 meter, and is wide 0.5 meter.Make a call to 3 permeable apertures above the every kickboard.0.003 meter of the diameter of aperture.The weeds stalk that early-stage preparations are good fully absorbs water the back on kickboard, the weeds stalk of placing keeps rarefaction, not compacting, the thickness of weeds stalk is 0.2 meter, from the eurysome golden thread leech leech that goes to kind of usefulness, pick out 2700 of leech that are suitable for doing kind of usefulness and be put in the fish culture net cage, at weeds stalk loam cake lastblock plastic foam plate as cover plate.The purpose that covers cover plate is that shading is preserved moisture.Ingest the agreeable to the taste live body screw water supply leech of net cage input after putting into kind of leech.Raise cover plate every day, push the humidity that the weeds stalk checks a weeds stalk aside, the situation of laying eggs of inspection leech, timely water spray once sprays water to keep the moistening not ponding of weeds stalk degree of being when finding the exsiccation of weeds stalk.After leech begins to lay eggs, reduce checking number of times, lay eggs in order to avoid influence leech.After finding that leech lays eggs, gather a deutovum cocoon weekly.When gathering the ovum cocoon, raise cover plate, gently successively push the weeds stalk aside with have gentle hands, find that behind the ovum cocoon be available hand getting collection.In time weeds stalk and cover plate are restored after having adopted.When gathering the ovum cocoon, try not to touch the leech that is laying eggs, also do not gather the ovum cocoon that does not also have sclerosis that has just produced.The Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns that collects is concentrated hatching after removal is bonded at weeds stalk on the ovum cocoon.Plant and in time reclaim after leech has produced ovum.When leech opened 30 days postpartum, the ovum cocoon that leech produces obviously reduced, and namely be the time of the recovery kind leech of the best this moment, raises cover plate, gently successively pushs the weeds stalk aside with have gentle hands, took out kind leech wherein.Pack up kickboard and weeds stalk again, the remaining kind leech in net cage is also regained in the lump.The kind leech processing of regaining is sold.The result collects Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns 4861 altogether, and ovum cocoon serviceability rate 100% is recovered to 2700 of kind of leech, plants leech lethality 0%.
Claims (10)
1. a leech does not have native propagation method, it is characterized in that: comprise following technical scheme:
(a) select to have the material of nontoxic, free from extraneous odour, short texture, ventilative, water conservation, light these characteristics of quality
As soilless substrate;
(b) soilless substrate is carried out technical finesse;
(c) in culturing the waters, fix the breeding net cage, arrange kickboard in the net cage, with treated nothing soil
Be placed on the kickboard after matrix fully absorbs water, put into the kind leech that is about to lay eggs, cover cover plate;
(d) the suitable humidity of maintenance soilless substrate;
(e) regularly gather Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns;
(f) the kind leech is in time reclaimed kind of a leech after having produced the ovum cocoon.
2. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: soilless substrate can be one or more in various straws, the root system of plant.
3. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method for soilless substrate being carried out technical finesse is earlier soilless substrate to be soaked 2 days with clear water, gets afterwards to be placed on again and is exposed to the sun under the sun 3 days.
4. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1 is characterized in that: net cage refers to the cube fish culture net cage with the making of 60-80 purpose polyethylene aging-resistant material; The net cage upper end open, net cage extends into " 7 " font around the upper end in net cage, and development length is run away in order to prevent leech at 0.15-0.2 rice; Net cage length is not limit, and is advisable to be fit to the breeding water body environment, and width generally is no more than 5 meters, and the net cage height is 1 meter; Net cage is fixed and is suspended in the water with bamboo wood; The net cage underwater penetration is at 0.1 meter to 0.3 meter; The pond depth of water is no more than 0.5 meter, so that water checks the leech situation of laying eggs under the operating personnel.
5. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: kickboard refers to plastic foam plate; Kickboard length is not limit, and width is no more than 1.2 meters, 0.03 meter to 0.05 meter of thickness; Beat several permeable apertures above the kickboard, in case ponding above the kickboard; The diameter of aperture be no more than 0.005 meter in case leech in aperture, lay eggs; The method for arranging of kickboard is to place row's kickboard in net cage inside around the water surface, lines up a week; In the net cage leave a blank in the centre position of the water surface.
6. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the soilless substrate of placing on the kickboard should keep rarefaction, can not compacting, the thickness that soilless substrate is placed is 0.1-0.3 rice.
7. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cover plate is to be made with plastic foam plate, and cover plate length is not limit, 0.03 meter to 0.05 meter of thickness, width is wideer 0.05 meter than kickboard, and to be that shading is rainproof preserve moisture the purpose that covers cover plate.
8. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1 is characterized in that: keep the suitable humidity of soilless substrate to refer to: raise cover plate every day, check the humidity of soilless substrate, find in time to spray water when matrix becomes dry; Water spray is to keep the moistening and ponding degree of being not of matrix; Find in time to reduce after leech begins to lay eggs checking number of times, lay eggs in order to avoid influence leech.
9. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1 is characterized in that: regularly gather Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns and refer to: the situation of laying eggs of running check kind leech, after discovery kind of a leech lays eggs, gather Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns week about one time; Raise cover plate during collection, gently push soilless substrate aside with have gentle hands, pick up Whitmania pigra Whitman spawns and get final product; Do not touch the leech that is laying eggs during collection, do not gather the ovum cocoon that does not also have sclerosis that has just produced yet; After having adopted soilless substrate and cover plate are restored; The ovum cocoon that collects is concentrated hatching behind the soilless substrate of removing adhesion.
10. " a kind of leech does not have native propagation method " according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: plant leech and has produced in time to reclaim behind the ovum cocoon and plant a leech and refer to: after leech begins to lay eggs 30-40 days, most of all multiparity ovum that is over of leech of planting have only a small amount of kind of leech laying eggs; Planting the ovum cocoon that leech produces this moment and obviously reduces, is the time of the recovery kind leech of the best; Can raise cover plate, gently successively push matrix aside with have gentle hands, take out the kind leech in the matrix; Pack up kickboard and soilless substrate again, the remaining kind leech in net cage is also regained in the lump; The kind leech of regaining can continue to support and lays eggs to next year, also can process sale.
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| CN103478084A (en) * | 2013-09-26 | 2014-01-01 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for utilizing running water net cages to breed whitmania pigra |
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| CN103636564A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | Artificial soilless leech hatching method |
| CN103814868A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-05-28 | 苏州大学 | Breeding pond used for breeding leeches |
| CN104365562A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-25 | 苏州大学 | Leech spawning breeding device and method |
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| CN105475235A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-13 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Japanese medicinal leech oviposition method and special substrate for Japanese medicinal leech oviposition |
| CN105707017A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-29 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Whitemania pigra whiteman ovipositional substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103493788B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-09-02 | 云南海瑞迪生物药业有限公司 | Leech high-density stereoscopic cultivation method |
| CN105746437A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-07-13 | 牡丹江友搏药业股份有限公司 | Novel soilless breeding method of leeches |
| CN103503837A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2014-01-15 | 牡丹江友搏药业股份有限公司 | Novel soilless cultivation method of leeches |
| CN103636564A (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-03-19 | 靖江市明星水蛭养殖专业合作社 | Artificial soilless leech hatching method |
| CN103814868A (en) * | 2014-03-19 | 2014-05-28 | 苏州大学 | Breeding pond used for breeding leeches |
| CN104365562A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-02-25 | 苏州大学 | Leech spawning breeding device and method |
| CN104381224A (en) * | 2014-12-20 | 2015-03-04 | 抚州市金地农业科技有限公司 | Leech egg hatching device and hatching method |
| CN105475235A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-04-13 | 重庆市中药研究院 | Japanese medicinal leech oviposition method and special substrate for Japanese medicinal leech oviposition |
| CN105475235B (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2019-11-19 | 重庆市中药研究院 | A kind of Hirudo japonica oviposition method and its dedicated substrate |
| CN105707017A (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2016-06-29 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Whitemania pigra whiteman ovipositional substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN105707017B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-06-01 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of eurysome golden thread leech oviposition substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN108124798A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-06-08 | 六安联众工业自动化技术有限公司 | Leech whole process soil-less breeding method |
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