CN117716942A - Method for restoring degraded grassland in implanted mode - Google Patents

Method for restoring degraded grassland in implanted mode Download PDF

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Publication number
CN117716942A
CN117716942A CN202311864623.9A CN202311864623A CN117716942A CN 117716942 A CN117716942 A CN 117716942A CN 202311864623 A CN202311864623 A CN 202311864623A CN 117716942 A CN117716942 A CN 117716942A
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grassland
seedling
seedlings
restoration
degraded
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薛建国
李昂
黄建辉
任婷婷
韩兴国
潘庆民
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Institute of Botany of CAS
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Priority to CN202311864623.9A priority Critical patent/CN117716942A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for restoring degraded grassland in an implantable manner, which comprises the steps of selecting and cultivating restoring species according to the condition of the degraded grassland, and carrying out early-stage seedling and management by using a degradable seedling pot; determining a recovery area according to the degradation degree of the degraded grasslands, carrying out mowing treatment on the recovery grasslands, determining the row spacing and plant spacing of the species planted in the grassland recovery area, and punching at the sites with determined row spacing and plant spacing; watering the cultivated seedlings thoroughly within 1-2 hours before planting the seedlings; the cultivated seedlings are transported to a degraded grassland area to be recovered, the seedlings and the seedling raising pot are integrally implanted into holes drilled in the ground, the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is lower than the recovered grassland interface, gaps at the inner periphery of the seedling raising pot and the holes are filled with peripheral soil, the holes of each implanted seedling are filled with water, if 10-15 days after implantation, the transplanted seedlings are required to be supplemented with water, and nutrients are added to the grassland recovery area of the implant seeds before rainfall. The method is simple, the survival rate of the target grass seeds is high, and the effect of recovering the biological diversity of grasslands is good.

Description

Method for restoring degraded grassland in implanted mode
Technical Field
The invention relates to a degraded grassland restoration treatment technology, in particular to an implantable method for restoring degraded grasslands.
Background
Grasslands are the most important land ecosystem types in China and are important natural resources, and grassland complementary sowing is a grassland recovery measure conventionally used at home and abroad due to complex and changeable factors forming grassland degradation. Most of the prior grass field reseeding technologies use no-tillage reseeding machines for reseeding, the root systems of the species are staggered in the root system of the upper soil (0-30 cm), the root systems of the reseeding species are weak and difficult to prick into the deep soil layer, and the reseeding technique is difficult to absorb enough water and also difficult to obtain enough nutrients during drought, so that the reseeding species are difficult to survive over winter. There is therefore a need for an implantable method of restoring degraded grass.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an implantable method for recovering degraded grassland.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a recovery target species, and carrying out early-stage seedling and management by using a degradable seedling pot;
s2, determining a recovered grassland area according to the grassland degradation degree, and carrying out mowing treatment on the recovered grassland area;
s3, determining row spacing and plant spacing of released seedlings in a grassland restoration area according to the environmental parameters and the restoration target species, and setting transplanting seedling holes according to the row spacing and the plant spacing;
s4, treating the seedlings before implantation, and watering the seedling raising pot filled with the seedlings thoroughly 1-2 hours before seedling raising;
s5, integrally implanting the seedlings and the seedling pot into the transplanting seedling holes, wherein the soil interface of the seedling pot is lower than the ground for recovering grasslands, and filling gaps in the seedling pot and the transplanting seedling holes with soil;
s6, managing water after seedling implantation, watering in the transplanting seedling holes after seedling implantation and grassland restoration, and watering the transplanted seedlings for 1 time if rainfall does not exist within 10-15 days after transplanting, and then, not watering;
s7, nutrient management after seedling implantation, namely adding nutrients into a grassland restoration area before rainfall;
further, the recovery target species include gramineous species including brome, agropyron cristatum, poncho, or leymus chinensis, and leguminous species including alfalfa, grassland alfalfa No. 3, alfalfa beans, or lespedeza, and the seedling pot is a degradable pollution-free porous, breathable, water-permeable seedling pot.
Further, in the step S6, the height of the seedlings of the recovery target species is about 20-30cm, and the main root system does not grow out of the side wall and the bottom of the seedling pot.
Further, the pasture stubble height of the restored pasture area is 8-10cm in step S2.
Further, in step S3, the diameter of the transplanting seedling hole is 12cm, and the depth is 20cm.
Further, in the step S3, the row spacing and plant spacing of the seedlings planted in the grassland restoration area can be selected from 50cm multiplied by 50cm or 100cm multiplied by 100cm;
further, the soil interface of the seedling raising pot of the restored grassland area is 5cm lower than the soil interface of the original grassland.
Further, the compound fertilizer for nutrient management after seedling implantation comprises 17.49g urea, 10.87g diammonium phosphate and 0.00045g compound sodium nitrophenolate per square meter.
Further, the planting time of the young seedlings of the species is from 6 months to 7 months in the rainy season.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention restores the degraded grassland by an accurate implantation mode, has flexible and various application range, can be applied to the plaque of the degraded grassland with small area, and can also be used for restoring the degraded grassland with large area;
(2) The invention adopts the degradable seedling pot to carry out the early-stage cultivation of the species, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, and does not damage plant roots in the processes of seedling lifting and implantation. After being planted in the degraded grassland, a microenvironment is formed, so that the light competition and root competition capability of the planted species to the local species are obviously enhanced;
(3) The survival rate of the implanted species in the degenerated grassland community is greatly improved, the survival rate of the implanted species is more than 80% after being implanted for 2 years, wherein the survival rate of the leguminous species is more than 80%, and the survival rate of the gramineous species is more than 87%;
(4) The leguminous species introduced in the invention has symbiotic nitrogen fixation effect, and the fixed nitrogen not only meets the self requirement, but also can be provided for surrounding native species for use, so that the nutrient content of the degraded grassland soil is improved;
(5) The method for recovering the grasslands has small disturbance to the original grasslands, increases the proportion of high-quality grasslands, and improves the nutritive value of grassland community grasslands and the variety of grassland varieties.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of degraded grassland implant species of the method of the present invention for implantable restoration of degraded grasslands;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of the implantation of degraded grassland implant species of the method of the present invention for the implantable restoration of degraded grasslands;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the growth of an implanted species of the method of the present invention for the implantable restoration of degraded grasslands;
wherein FIG. 3A is alfalfa 3 in grassland; FIG. 3B is a diagram of brome without awn; FIG. 3C is alfalfa.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the invention are for purposes of illustration, but are not intended to be limiting.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention includes the steps of:
the test methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The model of the earth auger in the following examples is TOSRWELL (DOWN WELL) 68CC, a commercially available instrument conventional in the art.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for accurately implanting and recovering degraded grassland, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
1. selection and cultivation of implant species. The leguminous species is planted into the 3 rd hybrid alfalfa of the grassland and comes from an inner Mongolian Torons grassland workstation, and the species is planted in an inner Mongolian region suitable for inner Mongolian agricultural university breeding, and has the characteristics of drought resistance, cold resistance and strong adaptability, and the seed germination rate is 89%; carrying out early-stage seedling and cultivation by using a degradable seedling pot;
2. restoring preparation in front of the grass. The area to be recovered is mowed according to the degradation degree of grasslands and the condition of the degradation area, the stubble height of the species is 8-10cm, and the mowing can reduce the competition of the implanted species and the native species to light resources;
3. and determining row spacing and plant spacing of the recovery area, and punching the sites of the seedlings to be planted. Determining row spacing and plant spacing of the implanted species according to the grassland restoration condition of the restoration area grassland restoration area, wherein the grassland is in a moderate degradation condition, and selecting 50cm multiplied by 50cm for the row spacing and the plant spacing; when the grasslands are in a slight degradation state, selecting row spacing and plant spacing of 100cm multiplied by 100cm; holes were drilled at the well-defined sites with a 12cm diameter earth auger of TOSRWELL 68CC, a depth of 20cm,
4. seedlings were watered before implantation. Watering the seedling pot thoroughly 1-2 hours before seedling raising, facilitating transportation, avoiding damaging root systems of species and improving survival rate of seedlings after implantation;
5. restoring the grassland to be planted in the seedling pot. Loading the seedlings of the species cultivated in the earlier stage together with seedling raising pot, covering a sunshade net on one side of the truck, reducing evaporation and dissipation of water, implanting the seedlings together with the seedling raising pot into holes drilled in the ground, wherein the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is about 5cm lower than the soil interface of the restored grassland, filling gaps around the seedling raising pot and the holes with soil drilled in the periphery, and keeping the bottom and the outer wall of the seedling raising pot fully combined with soil in the holes; the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is 5cm lower than the restored grassland to form a small water storage pit, after rainfall, rainwater can be collected in the small water storage pit, so that water for the growth of subsequent seedlings is ensured, and the water loss of soil in the seedling raising pot due to evaporation in the pit is reduced;
6. water management, namely filling water into each seedling pit after seedling implantation, so that seedling recovery of plant seedlings and water absorption of soil around holes are facilitated; the water and watering in the seedling pot enable the seedlings to survive for 10-15 days without rainfall, if no effective rainfall exists after 10-15 days, the planted seedlings should be watered for 1 time, and then watering is not needed;
7. nutrient management, namely after seedlings are planted in the recovered grasslands, nutrients are added to the recovered areas before rainfall, and 17.49g/m of nutrients are allocated before rainfall 2 Urea, 10.87g/m 2 Diammonium phosphate, 0.00045g/m 2 Uniformly scattering the prepared compound fertilizer into the restored grassland;
8. species viability monitoring, survival of implanted species was counted at the end of 8 months each year example 2
The invention provides a method for accurately implanting and recovering degraded grassland, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
1. selection and cultivation of implant species. The implanted gramineae species is brome without awn, comes from Beijing Zhengdao seed company, has the characteristics of cold resistance, drought resistance, grazing resistance, good palatability and high nutritive value, and the seed germination rate is 96%; carrying out early-stage seedling and cultivation by using a degradable seedling pot;
2. restoring preparation in front of the grass. The area to be recovered is mowed according to the degradation degree of grasslands and the condition of the degradation area, the stubble height of the species is 8-10cm, and the mowing can reduce the competition of the implanted species and the native species to light resources;
3. and determining row spacing and plant spacing of the recovery area, and punching the sites of the seedlings to be planted. Determining row spacing and plant spacing of the implanted species according to the grassland restoration condition of the restoration area grassland restoration area, wherein the grassland is in a moderate degradation condition, and selecting 50cm multiplied by 50cm for the row spacing and the plant spacing; when the grasslands are in a slight degradation state, selecting row spacing and plant spacing of 100cm multiplied by 100cm; holes were drilled at the well-defined sites with a 12cm diameter earth auger of TOSRWELL 68CC, a depth of 20cm,
different grass species have different growth characteristics and requirements. Some grass seeds may require more space to grow, while others require less space. Soil quality has an important effect on the growth of seedlings. If the soil quality is good, the seedling growth rate may be faster and thus the space required may be greater. Conversely, if the soil quality is poor, denser planting may be required to achieve better coverage. Climate conditions such as temperature, humidity, light, etc. can affect the growth of grass seeds. In more extreme or dry climates, denser planting may be required to achieve better coverage. The planting density is also affected by economic factors. If the funds are limited, then denser planting may need to be selected to achieve better coverage.
4. Seedlings were watered before implantation. Watering the seedling pot for 1-2 hours before transplanting, facilitating transportation, not damaging the root systems of the species, and improving the survival rate of the seedlings after being transplanted;
5. restoring the grassland to be planted in the seedling pot. Loading the seedlings of the species cultivated in the earlier stage together with seedling raising pot, covering a sunshade net on one side of the truck, reducing evaporation and dissipation of water, implanting the seedlings together with the seedling raising pot into holes drilled in the ground, wherein the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is about 5cm lower than the soil interface of the restored grassland, filling gaps around the seedling raising pot and the holes with soil drilled in the periphery, and keeping the bottom and the outer wall of the seedling raising pot fully combined with soil in the holes; the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is 5cm lower than the restored grassland to form a small water storage pit, after rainfall, rainwater can be collected in the small water storage pit, so that water for the growth of subsequent seedlings is ensured, and the water loss of soil in the seedling raising pot due to evaporation in the pit is reduced;
6. water management, namely filling water into each seedling pit after seedling implantation, so that seedling recovery of plant seedlings and water absorption of soil around holes are facilitated; the water and watering in the seedling pot enable the seedlings to survive for 10-15 days without rainfall, if no effective rainfall exists after 10-15 days, the planted seedlings should be watered for 1 time, and then watering is not needed;
7. nutrient management, namely after seedlings are planted in the recovered grasslands, nutrients are added to the recovered areas before rainfall, and 17.49g/m of nutrients are allocated before rainfall 2 Urea, 10.87g/m 2 Diammonium phosphate, 0.00045g/m 2 Uniformly scattering the prepared compound fertilizer into the restored grassland by using the compound sodium nitrophenolate;
8. species viability monitoring, survival of implanted species was counted at the end of 8 months each year example 3
The invention provides a method for accurately implanting and recovering degraded grassland, which comprises the following specific technical scheme:
1. selection and cultivation of implant species. The leguminous species is planted into alfalfa, and is from Beijing Zhengdao seed company, and the species has the characteristics of drought resistance, cold resistance and strong adaptability, and the seed germination rate is 93%; carrying out early-stage seedling and cultivation by using a degradable seedling pot;
2. restoring preparation in front of the grass. The area to be recovered is mowed according to the degradation degree of grasslands and the condition of the degradation area, the stubble height of the species is 8-10cm, and the mowing can reduce the competition of the implanted species and the native species to light resources;
3. and determining row spacing and plant spacing of the recovery area, and punching the sites of the seedlings to be planted. Determining row spacing and plant spacing of the implanted species according to the grassland restoration condition of the restoration area grassland restoration area, wherein the grassland is in a moderate degradation condition, and selecting 50cm multiplied by 50cm for the row spacing and the plant spacing; when the grasslands are in a slight degradation state, selecting row spacing and plant spacing of 100cm multiplied by 100cm; holes were drilled at the well-defined sites with a 12cm diameter earth auger of TOSRWELL 68CC, a depth of 20cm,
4. seedlings were watered before implantation. Watering the seedling pot for 1-2 hours before transplanting, facilitating transportation, not damaging the root systems of the species, and improving the survival rate of the seedlings after being transplanted;
5. restoring the grassland to be planted in the seedling pot. Loading the seedlings of the species cultivated in the earlier stage together with seedling raising pot, covering a sunshade net on one side of the truck, reducing evaporation and dissipation of water, implanting the seedlings together with the seedling raising pot into holes drilled in the ground, wherein the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is about 5cm lower than the soil interface of the restored grassland, filling gaps around the seedling raising pot and the holes with soil drilled in the periphery, and keeping the bottom and the outer wall of the seedling raising pot fully combined with soil in the holes; the soil interface of the seedling raising pot is 5cm lower than the restored grassland to form a small water storage pit, after rainfall, rainwater can be collected in the small water storage pit, so that water for the growth of subsequent seedlings is ensured, and the water loss of soil in the seedling raising pot due to evaporation in the pit is reduced;
6. water management, namely filling water into each seedling pit after seedling implantation, so that seedling recovery of plant seedlings and water absorption of soil around holes are facilitated; the water and watering in the seedling pot enable the seedlings to survive for 10-15 days without rainfall, if no effective rainfall exists after 10-15 days, the planted seedlings should be watered for 1 time, and then watering is not needed;
7. nutrient management, adding nutrients to the recovery area before rainfall after seedling planting and recovering grassland, and configuring 17.49g/m during rainfall 2 Urea, 10.87g/m 2 Diammonium phosphate, 0.00045g/m 2 Uniformly scattering the prepared compound fertilizer into the restored grassland by using the compound sodium nitrophenolate;
8. species viability monitoring, survival of implanted species was counted at the end of 8 months each year
Table 1 implantable recovery of degraded grassy species survival
As shown in fig. 3, the survival rate of the leguminous species implanted in the current year is more than 88%, and the survival rate of the gramineous species is more than 96%; the survival rate of leguminous species in the second year is more than 81%, and the survival rate of gramineous species is more than 96%; the survival rate of the alfalfa of the leguminous species in the third year is more than 80 percent. The method for restoring the degraded grassland by implantation of the invention can obviously improve the survival rate and the planting rate of the implanted species; moreover, the species can live through winter well and grow normally in the second year. The planted species alfalfa and grassland alfalfa No. 3 are excellent leguminous forage grass, the protein content of the leguminous forage grass is far higher than that of the native species, the brome is also excellent forage grass in the gramineae, the palatability and the nutritive value of the brome are also higher than those of the native gramineae species, and all the 3 species have the characteristics of drought resistance, cold resistance and strong adaptability; the implantation of the leguminous species can also play a role in symbiotic nitrogen fixation, improve the nitrogen content of the grassland soil and promote the growth of the indigenous species; the plant species can also improve the species diversity of the grassland community, thereby realizing the cooperative promotion of the ecological function and the production function of grasslands. The invention has good practicability and application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiment, and all technical modifications made according to the technical scheme of the invention fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grasslands, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting a recovery target species, and carrying out early-stage seedling and management by using a degradable seedling pot;
s2, determining a recovered grassland area according to the grassland degradation degree, and carrying out mowing treatment on the recovered grassland area;
s3, determining row spacing and plant spacing of released seedlings in a grassland restoration area according to the environmental parameters and the restoration target species, and setting transplanting seedling holes according to the row spacing and the plant spacing;
s4, treating the seedlings before implantation, and watering the seedling raising pot filled with the seedlings thoroughly 1-2 hours before seedling raising;
s5, integrally implanting the seedlings and the seedling pot into the transplanting seedling holes, wherein the soil interface of the seedling pot is lower than the ground for recovering grasslands, and filling gaps in the seedling pot and the transplanting seedling holes with soil;
s6, managing water after seedling implantation, watering in the transplanting seedling holes after seedling implantation and grassland restoration, and watering the transplanted seedlings for 1 time if rainfall does not exist within 10-15 days after transplanting, and then, not watering;
s7, nutrient management after seedling implantation, and nutrient addition to the grassland restoration area before rainfall.
2. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the recovery target species include gramineous species including brome, agropyron cristatum, poncho, or leymus chinensis, and leguminous species including alfalfa, alfalfa No. 3 in grasslands, alfalfa beans, or lespedeza, and the seedling pot is a degradable, pollution-free, porous, breathable, and water-permeable seedling pot.
3. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step S6, the height of the seedlings of the recovery target species is about 20-30cm, and the main root system does not grow out of the side wall and the bottom of the seedling pot.
4. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: the pasture stubble height of the restored pasture area is 8-10cm in step S2.
5. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the transplanting seedling hole in the step S3 is 12cm, and the depth is 20cm.
6. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the row spacing and plant spacing of the seedlings planted in the grassland restoration area can be selected from 50cm multiplied by 50cm or 100cm multiplied by 100cm.
7. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: the soil interface of the seedling raising pot in the grassland restoration area is 5cm lower than that of the original grassland.
8. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: the compound fertilizer for the nutrient management after seedling implantation comprises 17.49g urea, 10.87g diammonium phosphate and 0.00045g compound sodium nitrophenolate which are uniformly added per square meter.
9. A method of implantable restoration of degraded grassland as recited in claim 1, wherein: the planting time of the young seedlings of the species is from 6 months to 7 months in the middle ten days of rainy season.
CN202311864623.9A 2023-12-29 2023-12-29 Method for restoring degraded grassland in implanted mode Pending CN117716942A (en)

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CN103858622A (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 林天国 Production and income increasing cultivation method for interplanting autumn potatoes and oilseed rape
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CN111083959A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-01 内蒙古蒙草矿山科技有限责任公司 Method for recovering deteriorated grassland in northern arid area
CN117016328A (en) * 2023-08-21 2023-11-10 中国科学院植物研究所 Method for restoring degraded grassland by alfalfa tillering islands
CN117063785A (en) * 2023-08-21 2023-11-17 中国科学院植物研究所 Method for recovering degraded grassland by using leymus chinensis' tiller bud island

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103858622A (en) * 2012-12-12 2014-06-18 林天国 Production and income increasing cultivation method for interplanting autumn potatoes and oilseed rape
CN103125193A (en) * 2013-03-05 2013-06-05 周海燕 Fertilizer recommending method for winter wheat
CN103262729A (en) * 2013-05-08 2013-08-28 东北师范大学 Depleted grassland repairing method
CN106508228A (en) * 2016-11-29 2017-03-22 中国科学院植物研究所 Special fertilizer for grassland and method for rapidly recovering deteriorated grassland
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CN117063785A (en) * 2023-08-21 2023-11-17 中国科学院植物研究所 Method for recovering degraded grassland by using leymus chinensis' tiller bud island

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