CN1162621C - 容积式泵 - Google Patents

容积式泵 Download PDF

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CN1162621C
CN1162621C CNB011094974A CN01109497A CN1162621C CN 1162621 C CN1162621 C CN 1162621C CN B011094974 A CNB011094974 A CN B011094974A CN 01109497 A CN01109497 A CN 01109497A CN 1162621 C CN1162621 C CN 1162621C
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blade
shell chamber
positive displacement
stamping steel
displacement pump
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CN1317644A (zh
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ά����ʩ�ε�
维利·施奈德
ο
彼得·依朔奈克
赖纳·施密德
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Bmw Motor Manufacturing AG
Qiao Ma Poly Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Bmw Motor Manufacturing AG
Joe Ma Fluid Machinery Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from DE20018958U external-priority patent/DE20018958U1/de
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F01C21/0881Construction of vanes or vane holders the vanes consisting of two or more parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C18/3442Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the inlet and outlet opening
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2/00Rotary-piston machines or pumps
    • F04C2/30Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C2/34Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C2/344Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C2/3441Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C2/3442Rotary-piston machines or pumps having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F04C2/02, F04C2/08, F04C2/22, F04C2/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in groups F04C2/08 or F04C2/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the surfaces of the inner and outer member, forming the working space, being surfaces of revolution

Abstract

容积式泵,具有用来将壳体室的两个室相互隔开的叶片,叶片可由驱动轴驱动并且可相对其在包含其轴线的一个平面内沿径向移动地被导向,叶片在其端侧分别带有一个密封地与壳体室内圆周壁配合作用的、可相对于驱动轴轴线相互独立地径向移动的密封条,在叶片上至少设置了一个蓄能器,它使两个密封条始终与壳体室内圆周壁密封地保持接触。当泵起动时离心力不够大时,该泵就已经开始输送,以使叶片密封条移到其最大的径向密封位置。

Description

容积式泵
技术领域
本发明涉及一种容积式泵,它装有一个用来将泵壳体室相互分隔成两个室的叶片。
背景技术
从DE4107720A1中已经知道了一种容积式泵,其将泵壳体室的两个室相互分开的、强制导向的、位于两个前端的叶片分别具有一个在叶片纵向方向可移动导向的,紧靠在壳体室内壁上的密封条。
为了可移动配置密封条,这些密封条横截面呈T形构成,在这里,T形横条在外侧横截面是凸出弯曲的,因此只沿着外形轮廓线接触内壁。
中间的密封条连接片与一个在叶片端面成型的纵槽在叶片纵向方向移动啮合,这样,密封条在驱动轴旋转时在离心作用下自动靠到壳体内壁上。
这个结构的缺点在于,密封条在驱动轴一定转速以上才能在离心作用下密封地紧靠到壳体室内壁上,而且从这时刻起才能实现保证可靠输送气体或者液体流体的壳体室密封。
这种结构形式的容积式泵之所以不适用于比如说汽车制动力增强器的抽真空,是因为在这种情况下在低转速时就已经必须要保证抽真空了。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,给出这样一种容积式泵,在该泵中,当通过电机驱动的泵转速>0或者起动时离心力还不足够大时,就已经开始进行输送,以便能使叶片密封条移到其最大的径向密封位置。
按照本发明,这个任务是通过提供一种容积式泵加以解决的。
根据本发明的一方面,一种容积式泵,包括:用来将壳体室中的两个室相互隔开的叶片,叶片可由装在泵壳体中的驱动轴驱动、并且被导向使得它可相对该驱动轴在包含驱动轴轴线的一个平面内沿径向移动,叶片在其相应端侧分别带有一个密封地与壳体室的内圆周壁配合作用的密封条,这些密封条可相对于驱动轴的轴线相互独立地径向移动;
与叶片配合的至少一个蓄能器,其中,所述蓄能器使两个密封条始终与壳体室的内圆周壁保持密封接触;
所述叶片包括两个叶片零件,每个叶片零件在远离壳体室内圆周壁的一端包括阶梯形端面,每个阶梯形端面以半叠置方式与另一阶梯形端面配合;以及
所述蓄能器是插入在所述阶梯形端面之间的Z形弹簧,并且所述阶梯形端面分别支撑在所述Z形弹簧的一个腿上。
根据本发明的另一方面,一种容积式泵,包括:
用来将壳体室中的两个室相互隔开的叶片,叶片可由装在泵壳体中的驱动轴驱动、并且被导向使得它可相对该驱动轴在包含驱动轴轴线的一个平面内沿径向移动,叶片在其相应端侧分别带有一个密封地与壳体室的内圆周壁配合作用的密封条,这些密封条可相对于驱动轴的轴线相互独立地径向移动;
所述叶片包括两个叶片零件,每个叶片零件在远离壳体室内圆周壁的一端包括阶梯形端面,每个阶梯形端面在垂直方向和水平方向都形成阶梯以形成槽和键,从而以槽-键方式与另一阶梯形端面配合。
装有一个蓄能器的叶片构造的作用是,在驱动轴不动时也能保证两个密封条永久与泵壳体室圆周壁接触,这样,在驱动轴开始旋转时就已经能压出或者输送流体。
在此要提到,在技术水平中引用的DE4107720A1的图4中公布了一种泵结构,其叶片已经装有压簧形式的蓄能器。然而,与本发明结构不同的是,密封条不可移动地固定在叶片端部,也就是说,压簧不是用于使密封条与壳体室的内圆周壁始终保持接触,而是预定用于,在采用椭圆形壳体室时支撑驶入下死点的叶片端,通过此来补偿离心作用(见第5栏,第5行)。
在本发明的有利实施形式中,叶片在驱动轴上或者在由驱动轴驱动的泵转子中径向可移动地被导向,在这里,如上面提到的,在叶片和仅仅其一个密封条之间安装一个蓄能器,就已经足够了。尤其是,预定两个密封条可在叶片纵向方向移动,而且分别被一个蓄能器支撑。
在此,DE4107720A1图2A中的密封条移动配置可被实现。在这种情况下,蓄能器可以分别安装在叶片槽槽底和密封条T形横条连接片之间。
优选地,在叶片上设置可移动的密封条。这个设计一方面可以在叶片和密封条压铸方法中取消用来形成待设置在滑板端侧以及密封条侧的导向槽的造型滑板。另一方面在这中设计中安装在叶片端部上或者与叶片端部搭接的密封条的特点是具有更大的稳定性,在叶片旋转时因径向支承力产生的弯曲力矩可以有利地由密封条U形腿来承受。
在这里,作为板簧构成的蓄能器可以有利地定位成,叶片和密封条同时可在侧方向上相互保持精确定向。
也就具有另一种蓄能器配置。在壳体室被构造得与圆柱体圆周形状有很大差别时并且因此使一个密封条或者一些密封条在叶片旋转时要移动相对大的径向行程,这种结构尤其是有利的。
另一个有利的叶片结构,使得密封条在叶片纵向方向在叶片端部上的可移动配置不是必要的。
在加工技术方面建议,叶片零件可具有有利的造型。
最后说明一下,本发明也同样有利地适用于叶片马达的叶片。
附图说明
在图中示出了本发明的可能实施例。图中示出:
图1为容积式泵的示意图,该泵装有一个具有本发明叶片的泵
转子;
图2为图1中转子叶片的纵剖面图;
图3为转子叶片结构变型的纵剖面图;
图4为叶片纵向边缘的视图;
图5为打开的容积式泵壳体室的视图,其叶片是本发明的另一个实施例;
图6为图5的容积式泵的侧视图;
图7为由两个叶片零件构成的泵叶片的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1的容积式泵以已知的方式包括了一个泵壳体10,一个在其例如圆柱体壳体室12中偏心支撑的泵转子16,泵转子与驱动轴14无相对旋转地连接,以及包括一个在这里可径向移动地被导向的转子叶片18,转子叶片在其叶片端部分别带有一个密封条20或者22。
尤其是,泵转子16具有一个空心圆柱形转子外套24,在其中设置了一个沿着其内径延伸的内叶片导向条26,转子叶片18径向移动地安装在叶片导向条26中。用28标明了用来加固转子外套的转子内连接片。转子16到驱动轴14开有一个槽用做叶片18的导向结构,而且套装到轴14上、插入或者压铸到轴14上。
壳体室12,为了简便起见没有示出,两个端面是密封封闭的,在这里,驱动轴14不漏液体密封地穿过壳体端壁。除此之外,在壳体室12上还连接了一个进入管和一个排出管,以便能够将要输送的流体输入容积式泵或者从容积式泵排出。
转子叶片18的密封条20、22的横截面主要呈U形,并且用其U形腿30、32分别搭接一个在叶片端部上最好在整个叶片宽度上成形的导向连接片34。为了使密封条20、22相对于转子叶片18纵向方向精确地直线相对运动,它们主要装配了两个在侧面相隔一定间距和相互平行设置的导向件36、38,这两个导向件是在其U形腿30、32的连接片40上成形出的并且与它们平行延伸,在这里,它们的长度最好小于U形腿30、32的长度。
导向件36、38分别配合在一个袋孔状的凹槽42或者44里,并且这样可以保证密封条20、22横向于叶片纵向方向精确定向。
密封条20、22的U形腿—连接片40的横截面主要是这样造型的,它在外侧同时又定义了一个密封边46。为了使它与壳体室12的内壁保持永久的密封接触,在叶片侧的导向连接片34和密封条侧的连接片40之间设置了一个板簧48形式的蓄能器,蓄能器始终设法使有关的密封条20或者22朝着壳体室12内壁方向移动或者与其保持接触。
为此可以选择的是,例如,在每个凹槽42、44里装入了一个压簧50或者52,密封条导向件36、38支撑在压簧上。
尤其是,转子叶片18以及密封条20、22做成塑料压铸件,在这里,为了在压铸过程中均匀分布材料,转子叶片18例如设有三个在横向方向与叶片平面平行地穿过叶片的、扁缝式的槽54。泵转子16也可以装在壳体室12中心,只要后者具有一个椭圆形圆周形状。
图5和6中的容积式泵包括了一个带有构成泵壳体61的圆柱形箱体62的法兰体,一个安装在其中的、上面安装有转子64的泵驱动轴63和一个在转子中心上伸展的凹槽中被导向的、整体用65标明的两部分叶片。如图7所示出的,该叶片最好是由对称的、扁平的叶片零件65’、65”构成,它们在其外端部上分别具有一个枢轴承,密封条66围绕着与转子旋转轴线平行的轴线可摆动地支承在这个轴承上。
叶片零件65’、65”的另一端是这样构成的,它们或是对接(见图7),或是作为槽和键(见图5)相互啮合。
在后一种情况下,在叶片零件65”里面,在这里没有示出,定位安装了一个合适的压簧,而在另一种情况下,如从图7所看到的那样,在两个叶片零件65’、65”之间安装了一个Z形—异型弹簧67,通过这个异型弹簧,使两个叶片零件65’、65”相互移开并且通过此使密封条66以规定的压紧力贴靠到圆柱形箱体62的内壁上。
密封条66到圆柱形箱体62的壁设有一个凹形半径68(图5)。这样产生了两条接触线69和70,它们在与扁叶片零件65’、65”共同作用下用来密封在叶片65前后的壳体室。在密封条66端部上设置了半径71和72,通过此达到了最佳的随动密封性(Nachabdichtung)。
转子64到驱动轴63开有一个槽用作叶片65的导向结构,并且套装到轴63上,插入或者压铸到该轴上。
在驱动轴63旋转时,两个叶片零件65’、65”可以相互独立地在转子64中径向运动。密封条66在每个旋转角度上用两端(在69和70上)靠到圆柱形箱体62的内壁上,并且通过此改变其到叶片65移动轴的定位角。由于密封条66固定到叶片零件65’、65”的枢轴承里和在驱动轴63旋转时改变定位角,在密封条66靠置到圆柱形箱体62内壁上时,除了在叶片轴中理论轴尺寸的可变几何量外,两个枢轴承的轴线间距是可以相互变化的。
这个长度变化通过叶片零件65’、65”的径向可运动性来平衡。采用可以使叶片零件65’、65”相互压开并且将与此相连接的密封条66压到圆柱形箱体壁上的异型弹簧67或者一个相应的压簧来压紧密封条66和通过驱动轴63带动叶片65,就能与在旋转角中变化的长度相匹配。
转子叶片18;65、叶片零件65’、65”、密封条20、22;66和转子18;64可以有利地用金属、塑料、陶瓷、金属-塑料组合材料、金属-陶瓷组合材料、金属-塑料-陶瓷组合材料或者塑料-陶瓷组合材料制造。
在采用塑料时,最好是采用聚醚酮醚(PEEK)、聚醚硫化物(PES)、间规聚苯乙烯(SPS)和聚苯硫(PPS)。

Claims (14)

1、一种容积式泵,包括:
用来将壳体室中的两个室相互隔开的叶片,叶片可由装在泵壳体中的驱动轴驱动、并且被导向使得它可相对该驱动轴在包含驱动轴轴线的一个平面内沿径向移动,叶片在其相应端侧分别带有一个密封地与壳体室的内圆周壁配合作用的密封条,这些密封条可相对于驱动轴的轴线相互独立地径向移动;
与叶片配合的至少一个蓄能器,其中,所述蓄能器使两个密封条始终与壳体室的内圆周壁保持密封接触;
所述叶片包括两个叶片零件,每个叶片零件在远离壳体室内圆周壁的一端包括阶梯形端面,每个阶梯形端面以半叠置方式与另一阶梯形端面配合;以及
所述蓄能器是插入在所述阶梯形端面之间的Z形弹簧,并且所述阶梯形端面分别支撑在所述Z形弹簧的一个腿上。
2、如权利要求1所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片在安装于壳体室中并且可被驱动轴驱动的转子的一个槽中被导向,所述槽对称地位于含有转子轴线的一个平面内,与壳体室内圆周面接触的密封条可枢转地安装在紧邻壳体室内圆周壁的叶片端部,所述两个叶片零件相互对准并且可相互独立地移动。
3、如权利要求2所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片零件对称地构成。
4、如权利要求3所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片零件具有一个扁轮廓。
5、如权利要求2所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,从圆周方向看,密封条在两条线上与壳体室的内圆周表面接触。
6、如权利要求5所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,密封条朝向内圆周表面的侧面在壳体室的圆周方向上凹形弯曲。
7、如权利要求2所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,壳体室的圆柱体内圆周表面具有椭圆形形状。
8、一种容积式泵,包括:
用来将壳体室中的两个室相互隔开的叶片,叶片可由装在泵壳体中的驱动轴驱动、并且被导向使得它可相对该驱动轴在包含驱动轴轴线的一个平面内沿径向移动,叶片在其相应端侧分别带有一个密封地与壳体室的内圆周壁配合作用的密封条,这些密封条可相对于驱动轴的轴线相互独立地径向移动;
所述叶片包括两个叶片零件,每个叶片零件在远离壳体室内圆周壁的一端包括阶梯形端面,每个阶梯形端面在垂直方向和水平方向都形成阶梯以形成槽和键,从而以槽-键方式与另一阶梯形端面配合。
9、如权利要求8所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片在安装于壳体室中并且可被驱动轴驱动的转子的一个槽中被导向,所述槽对称地位于含有转子轴线的一个平面内,与壳体室内圆周面接触的密封条可枢转地安装在紧邻壳体室内圆周壁的叶片端部,所述两个叶片零件相互对准并且可相互独立地移动。
10、如权利要求9所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片零件对称地构成。
11、如权利要求10所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,叶片零件具有一个扁轮廓。
12、如权利要求9所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,从圆周方向看,密封条在两条线上与壳体室的内圆周表面接触。
13、如权利要求12所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,密封条朝向内圆周表面的侧面在壳体室的圆周方向上凹形弯曲。
14、如权利要求9所述的容积式泵,其特征在于,壳体室的圆柱体内圆周表面具有椭圆形形状。
CNB011094974A 2000-03-15 2001-03-14 容积式泵 Expired - Fee Related CN1162621C (zh)

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DE2000112406 DE10012406A1 (de) 2000-03-15 2000-03-15 Vakuumpumpe
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DE20018958U DE20018958U1 (de) 2000-11-07 2000-11-07 Schieber zum gegenseitigen Trennen der beiden Kammern im Gehäuseraum einer Flügelzellenpumpe oder eines solchen Motors
DE20018958.1 2000-11-07

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