CN101122365B - 流体通道上的穿轴叶块旋转式膨胀或压缩机构 - Google Patents

流体通道上的穿轴叶块旋转式膨胀或压缩机构 Download PDF

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CN101122365B
CN101122365B CN2006101092913A CN200610109291A CN101122365B CN 101122365 B CN101122365 B CN 101122365B CN 2006101092913 A CN2006101092913 A CN 2006101092913A CN 200610109291 A CN200610109291 A CN 200610109291A CN 101122365 B CN101122365 B CN 101122365B
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刘矗汀
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F04C18/3441Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F04C18/3445Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the vanes having the form of rollers, slippers or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3441Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/30Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F01C1/34Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F01C1/344Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • F01C1/3441Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation
    • F01C1/3445Rotary-piston machines or engines having the characteristics covered by two or more groups F01C1/02, F01C1/08, F01C1/22, F01C1/24 or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F01C1/08 or F01C1/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member the inner and outer member being in contact along one line or continuous surface substantially parallel to the axis of rotation the vanes having the form of rollers, slippers or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C19/00Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C19/005Structure and composition of sealing elements such as sealing strips, sealing rings and the like; Coating of these elements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C19/00Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C19/02Radially-movable sealings for working fluids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01CROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C21/00Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
    • F01C21/08Rotary pistons
    • F01C21/0809Construction of vanes or vane holders
    • F01C21/0881Construction of vanes or vane holders the vanes consisting of two or more parts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明将涉及到流体通道上流体的膨胀或压缩技术,属于容积形式,尤其对于贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块偏置筒圆旋转的膨胀或压缩机构之优异性能的可靠性与经济性具有决定意义。这种机构原来就是由本人发明的,但因运行与工艺原因致使可靠性不强、经济性不高,特此再作发明。由于这种机构的形态机理性特强,看似类似,其实本发明的特征相对于原来发明的特巳存在着重大差异。本发明是包括由支承构架、流体进出通口、非正圆型线筒圆定子、凹块转子、贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块、筒圆端盖、输力构件组成,其特征有贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块在与筒圆定子相配合处,另行设置有其断面外沿均由弧缘线条组成的活动的并由其叶块衔着的耐磨密闭构件等等。至此,该机构就可以从基础理论走向工业实施了,以达到节约能源的目的。

Description

流体通道上的穿轴叶块旋转式膨胀或压缩机构
技术领域
本发明将涉及到流体通道上流体的膨胀或压缩技术,属于容积形式,尤其对于贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块偏置筒圆定子旋转的膨胀或压缩机构之优异性能的可靠性具有决定意义。由此,该技术才可从基础理论普及到生产实践之中。 
技术背景
大家知道,蒸气机的发明标志着人类工业革命开始,而蒸气膨胀变为机械动能的核心技术却源于中国铁匠发明的吹火风箱。该技术虽然经过不断的改造,但因直线往复的贯性力与通常机械的旋转并不相匹配,所以就造成了只要是有往复活塞式膨胀或压缩机构参与的机械,其能效就肯定会低下。为了使得流体的膨胀或压缩可与机械旋转相匹配,人们又采用了非容积形式的透平形式,但因叶片之间的泄漏及叶轮转子与涡圆定子之间的泄漏,仍然没法获得理想的能效比。为何称之为有理想的能效比?这是因为人们早就通过容积形式运用相关力学理论推算出了理想的能效比。这样,人们也就围绕着容积形式匹配机械旋转方面作出了许许多多的努力,并发明出了许多种膨胀或压缩机构。目前的产品中虽然螺杆机构与涡旋机构用于压缩的能效比相对略高,但与理想的能效比相比还是相差甚远,另外,因结构上加工上的先天缺陷已没法替代往复活塞或透平形式用于膨胀,至使人们不仅没有从根本上节约能源,而且因此而转化的热能将弥漫在地球大气层之 内,竭力造成了人们难以忍受的气象灾难。所以,发明出能效性高可靠性好的流体膨胀或压缩机构便成了当代文明中的重中之重了,否则,人类将越是自动化越会加剧能源运用的恶性循环。
本人深刻地认识到了人类能源运用这一困境,发明出了流体通道上理论上最理想的“无需离心力的偏心活块式流体传动机构”,其公开号为CN1431396A。这种机构由支承构架支撑着,其流体的进、出通口的一向都与膨胀或压缩的工作系统相联接,而另一向则进入了椭圆型线的筒圆定子,在筒圆定子内的偏心处设置着可凹入叶块的转子,在凹块转子上插入有贯穿了其自身轴心的叶块,当被筒圆端盖制约后,穿轴叶块便通过可在凹块转子轴心处能往返活动,同时又受到筒圆定子相配合的制约,可以不断地旋转着,成而就构成了旋转地强制性与连续性地膨胀或压缩。
我们知道,气流的技术要求远远高于液流。本人为了通过实验证明这种机构的优异性能,在其膨胀的功能方面,特将这种机构配制成能满足四冲程技术本质要求的汽油发动机的基本形式;在其压缩的功能方面,特将这种机构配制成全封闭定频空调压缩机,并且还与目前世界上最先进的涡旋机构的全封闭定频空调压缩机进行能效对比实验。实验情况的通俗简介是这样:两种实验机器都是在有油润滑旋转平稳为前提下开始,以不间歇地工作一小时为一个测试时段。作为膨胀功能的汽油发动机的实验是原理性实验,火花是由叶块触击产生,供油供气供水稳定。第一个测试时段响声比较清脆,速度极快;第二个测试时段响声比较混浊,速度稍慢;第三个测试时段响声更加混浊, 最后“爆膨”停转。作为压缩功能的空调压缩机其工作压力为22减4公斤,制冷剂为R22,电机是自制的,运行速度为每分钟1440转,机体外半截有水冷却。第一个测试时段末尾的能效比为6.1,比目前世界上最先进的涡旋机构的空调压缩机能效比3.3高出近一倍,抖动小一倍,噪声小一倍;第二个测试时段末尾的能效比为5.2;第三个测试时段末尾的能效比为4.7;第四个测试时段末尾的能效比为4.2;......随着测试时段的增加能效比在逐步地下降。
不久,本人分别细心地拆开了这两种实验机器,却很容易就发现了一个共同存在的问题,那就是这种机构所分隔的容积已经不闭合了,已形成了泄漏,主要是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块与筒圆定子的配合间隙太大。其实这个问题在零件的设计与制造时早就非常强烈地意识到了,特别是穿轴叶块径向两端与筒圆定子之型线的配合其零件装配后最大间隙只有0.04毫米,而筒圆定子的椭圆型线之短轴却有108毫米,其贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块是由HRC72的硬质合金制成,其筒圆定子是由热处理HRC50的轴承钢制成,按理说在有油润滑情况下,两者镜面对磨的磨损应该是极小的,而实验后以压缩机为例,却证明每个测试时段穿轴叶块将要磨损缩短0.02毫米,筒圆定子在远离转子轴心处将要磨损扩大0.002~0.004毫米,即原来用很不经济的方法加工成形的筒圆定子型线曲面也要有所变形。由此看来,发明出既能发挥出这种机构旋转地强制性与连续性分隔容积的优势,又能解决穿轴叶块与筒圆定子之间磨损与闭合的矛盾,还能改善其它各处的磨损与闭合的新式结构,就成了这种机构从基础理论普及到生产实践之中的关键问 题了,同时也就是从根本上解决人类能源节约、地球气象灾难的关键问题了。
虽然中国专利局分别公开了CN2208625Y的“偏心转子式压缩机”与CN1317644A的“容积式泵”之专利文献,但对CN1431396A实验中存在的关键问题的解决仍然没有产生参考意义。其原因之一:CN2208625Y与CN1317644A公开的“筒圆定子”(相当于文献中所述的“中心环16”或“泵壳体62”)其轴向截面是以正圆型线为基础而构建的,所以都忘不了要强调是通过在叶片上装有弹性设置来构成叶片与定子的密闭,如文献中的“弹性垫12”.“垫块13”.“蓄能器48或67”.“板簧48”.“Z形弹簧67”.“螺旋弹簧50或52”等,而CN1431396A及本发明为达到发明目的所公开的“筒圆定子”其轴向截面是以椭圆型线为基础而构建的,(因为本人早就知道摩擦适度的弹性密闭力通常都大大小于流体泄漏的力)根本就不会也无须使用那些其实与流体力学不大相关的弹性设置。其原因之二:即使CN1317644A通过以“密封条20.22.66”包含着叶片径向两端的方法,使得“密封条66”也能与轴向截面呈椭圆型线的“筒圆定子”构成密闭,但是任何稍懂几何的人,只要根据其图5所示进行轴向切剖与各种尺寸的动态想像,仅以“密封条66”包含着叶片处的磨损再加上其图7所示的是两块相接的叶片之中间还有Z形弹簧会伸缩同时也会折弯的缺陷,就足以断定该泵空载时“密封条66”不是被转子撞脱落或卡死就会是在“抠着难抠稳的伸缩跳动的叶片边口不断摇摆”就甭说还要旋转着密闭负载了,(德国专业公司专利也必须遵循自然科学的基本规律, 这种结构分明是硬把螺母当齿轮使用)。所以要解决CN1431396A实验中存在的关键问题看来必须改变设计概念,即:把“筒圆定子”的轴向截面在椭圆型线的基础上进行拓展。同时,把我们通常运用的薄形“叶片”看成是厚形“叶块”,将容易设计的“密封条”包含着“叶片”改变为难以设计的“叶块”包含着“密闭构件”。
发明概述
我们知道,磨损是自然规律,我们肯定要使用摩擦因数小、磨损率低的材料,甚至依靠润滑介质不摩擦而闭合,但是在这种机构上特别是在贯穿凹块转子轴的心叶块与筒圆定子配合上的实验证明这还远远不够,要保证其可靠性就必须另有构件嵌入到穿轴叶块的径向两端,能够降低其摩擦力和给予其磨损补偿,不至于使得穿轴叶块与筒圆定子的配合类似线接触的死磨硬刮。
本发明特此提供的是一种专门的活动的耐磨密闭的新式结构,其断面外沿均是由弧缘线段组成的,它可以根据气流或液流的技术需要设计为两套样式:一套是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块在与筒圆定子相配合处设置其断面外沿呈”6”或“Ω”字形的耐磨密闭构件,利用伸出正圆的部分而构成铲贴摆动闭合并进行磨损补偿。另一套是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块在与筒圆定子相配合处设置其断面外沿呈正圆形的耐磨密闭构件,甚至还可附加轴承予以稳定,利用滚动均匀地替换被磨损的位置或用好弹性应力而构成圆滑滚动闭合并进行磨损补偿。
为此,要特别注意的是:有了上述的耐磨密闭构件的存在,原来需要用很不经济的方法加工成形的筒圆定子型线曲面现在变得很经济 了,将能够适应很多种成形机械来加工,而且在口径短轴等同情形下所构成的容积还扩大了。这是因为现在它们变得可以是腰圆曲面,也可以是几条正圆弧线连接而成的型线曲面,又可以是椭圆曲面,还可以是椭圆弧线与正圆弧线连接而成的型线曲面等等,计算告诉我们在凹块转子偏置筒圆定子距离符合容积结构较佳配置时,这些曲面与所需要的正确精密的曲面相比较,其偏差最大的曲面也只是两处大了约口径短轴的0.5%,用上述的耐磨密闭构件完全可以补偿得了这个间隙,何况机械的偏差从来就是无处不在的。另外,有了上述的耐磨密闭构件的存在,其耐磨密闭性能增强了,在膨胀功能方面完全可以适应于内燃类发动机的技术要求。这样一来,这种膨胀或压缩机构原来的主要发明特征就有了质的改变,运用本发明其技术可靠性与普及率便可大大提高,并且,其能效比在6.1的基础上自然还可提高(好在这种机构原来就是由本人发明,谁都没有获得过如此高的能效比,免了争辩之苦)。
有了上述的发明我们还可以对于凹块转子与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块的配合也进行改造,这对获得较高的能效比也是至关重要的。
技术效果
能量是守恒的,根据实验与计算本发明无疑可以比目前世界最先进的膨胀或压缩机构高出近一倍的能效比,其压力就自然较大,其噪声就自然轻柔,其抖动就自然轻微,其结构就自然轻巧。不仅可以全部取代目前的容积形式膨胀或压缩机构,而且可以部份取代目前的透平形式膨胀或压缩机构,另外,因为它的性能卓越还可形成许许多多的 新型发明。
我们知道,任何发电站都是通过流体冲动透平形式的叶轮转子而发电的,其叶轮转子在原理与结构上因为有着叶片与叶片之间的间隔再加上与涡圆定子之间的间隔,便就有着压力泄漏的缺陷,作为从动其事实证明都有至少一半的能量损失,如果运用本发明就没有这种泄漏的缺陷并且其流量与流速也可相当,将提高能效近一倍。
我们都知道,内燃类发动机也分容积形式与透平形式的膨胀,两者能效比都很低,如果运用本发明肯定可以在同等燃料情况下使目前的容积形式提高近倍的输出力,成而完全取代透平形式的膨胀。
我们还知道,运载机械的节能与安全一直以来都是困扰人类的两个重大难题,如果运用本发明并将其扩展为有贮气容器的气流传动系统,就能使得运载机械具有动力装置匀速工作又可通过收集热能形成热胀,传动的力量是先大后小又可无级变速,驱驶的力量极为恰当又可存贮多余的能量,还能全轮驱动又可全轮转向;另外,还能使得运载机械具有很大的外置气囊等等,这样两大难题就算解决了。如果在汽车上运用还没有胆识,我们至少可以在脚踏车上运用,制造出靠气流或液流传动的可折叠为行李车的自行车来。
我们已经知道,空调或制冷的压缩机一直以来都在耗费人类的大量能源,如果运用本发明将节约能源近一倍,这是无需置凝的。
我们应该知道,实验表明:利用超音速的高压气流冲动触电溶化的不锈金属轰击钢铁表面是最好的钢铁不锈方法,但是因空气压缩设备庞大,既不经济也不方便,一直停滞于实验室内无法面对实际。如果 运用本发明就可将该设备缩小到比操作背包式火焰喷射器还要方便的形状,成而就最便捷地解决了钢铁的锈蚀问题。
本发明适用范围极其广泛,以上仅是启发性的提示,如果运用于气流马达、液流马达、气流压泵、液流压泵、真空泵、混流泵就将涵盖几乎整个工业领域与生活领域,这明显是一次机械大革命,是解决人类能源节约,地球气象灾难的核心技术,也是每个有机械常识的人都能理解的通用技术。
以上所述仅仅用以解释为本发明的基本实施方案,并非企图据此对本发明做任何形式的运用限制;于是,凡是有在与本发明相关的任何改进或变更,均仍应该包括在本发明之权利要求的保护范围之内。
附图说明
为了更为具体地阐述本发明,我们应该对照附图进行详细的了解:
图1为一种内燃发动机膨胀机构的示意图。
图2为一种液流膨胀或压缩机构的示意图。
图3为一种气流膨胀或压缩机构的示意图。
图4为一种较小的气流压缩机构的示意图
图5为一种较大的气流膨胀或压缩机构的示意图。
(注意:附图中的所示结构只是为了说明本发明特征的示意,并非是要依据附图所示结构,对于等同功能的彼结构或此结件、液流或气流、膨胀或压缩作任何相应运用上的限制;如图1的10与图3的9,图2的14与图4的13其配合结构就可以互换运用;如图5同样可以作为较小的气流膨胀或压缩机构,同理,若将进出通口开得一般大也就可以作为液流的膨胀或压缩机构了。)
技术方案
显而易见,本人所提供的是一种流体通道上的膨胀或压缩机构;它包括有支承构架1、流体进出通口2、3、非正圆型线筒圆定子4、凹块转子5、贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6、筒圆端盖7、输力构件8;其特征是:贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6在与筒圆定子4相配合处,另行设置有其断面外沿均由弧缘线条组成的活动的并由其叶块6径向两端衔着的耐磨密闭构件9、10、11。这样,一方面可以使得与之配合的筒圆定子4其加工难度降低并适应众多的成形机械来加工,另一方面可以使得贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6在与筒圆定子4配合时降低摩擦力并获得磨损补偿还形成可靠的密闭(如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5所示)。
在此之前我们应该清楚:非正圆型线筒圆定子4的型线曲面可以是腰圆曲面,也可以是三个正圆弧线连接而成的型线曲面,又可以是椭圆曲面,还可以是椭圆弧线与正圆弧线连接而成的型线曲面,更可以是极轴坐标方式连接而成的型线曲面等等,因为在凹块转子5偏置筒圆定子4距离符合容积结构最佳配置时,这些曲面与所需要的正确精密的曲面相比较,其偏差最大的曲面也只是两处大了约口径短轴的0.35%,也就是说偏差最大的曲面若口径短轴为100毫米也只是两处大了约0.35毫米,如若采用运转磨合工艺也就可能是0.2毫米至0.1毫米,甚至“对零”,只是“对零”后还会因被死磨硬刮再又产生偏差。
所以,本发明将提供两种其断面外沿均是由弧缘线条组成的活动的耐磨密闭构件之基本形式:
之一种其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6在与筒圆定子4相配合处另行设置的是其断面外沿呈“6”或“Ω”字形的摆动的耐磨密闭构件9、10,(如图1、图3所示)构成铲贴式耐磨密闭。何以说其耐磨密闭?这是因为如果贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6的径向两端是半圆曲面,在偏置于非正圆型线筒圆定子4旋转配合时,其两侧始终可以挤出多余的空间,该空间可使半圆形变更为呈”6”或“Ω”字形嵌入其中构成摆动,而且可将呈”6”或“Ω”字形中正圆部分的至少20%与至少60%之尺寸作为其正圆伸出一向的厚度与宽度以构成铲贴块片,有如此宽厚的摆动的铲块再加上使用耐磨材料,自然就可以抵挡长期的磨损,补偿上述偏差的闭合了。
另一种其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6在与筒圆定子4相配合处另行设置的是其断面外沿呈正圆形的滚动的耐磨密闭构件11,(如图2、图4、图5所示)构成圆滑式耐磨密闭。何以说其耐磨密闭?这是因为圆滑滚动可以圆周性均匀地替换被磨损的位置以弥补因磨损而失去的尺寸,同时使得筒圆定子4面对的是滚动摩擦,这对于摩擦因素小的耐磨材料或耐磨涂镀工艺来说是最好的用务之地,使用前增加认识,自然就可以抵挡长期的磨损,补偿上述偏差的闭合了。
为了加强圆滑式耐磨密闭,其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6在与筒圆定子4相配合处不仅另行设置有其断面外沿呈正圆形的滚动的耐磨密闭构件11,而且还附着有滚动轴承12(如图2、图5所示)。 如果确定了旋转旋向的话,其滚动的耐磨密闭构件11的圆心与滚动轴承12的圆心还可以相对于筒圆定子4形成一定的斜度。如此这般,哪有不能抵挡长期的磨损,补偿上述偏差的闭合之理?
对于凹块转子5与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6的闭合与磨损,其特征是凹块转子5在与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6相配合处另行设置有其断面外沿呈“p”或“L”字形的铲贴式耐磨密闭构件13、14,(如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5所示)我们应该知道,凹块转子5中间如有贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6长期滑动并又受到流体压力作用必然会有磨损,有磨损就有泄漏,而且这种磨损会形成过凹块转子5轴心的摆动角,长此一往这种泄漏会使得高压流体直接冲往低压区间,造成这种机构形不成正常的膨胀或压缩,所以,在此处设置铲贴式耐磨密闭构件13、14是必不可少的。
为了整体的给这种机构缩小磨损、减少摩擦,成而达到完好的闭合,(如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5所示)本发明就将凹块转子5在与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块6相配合处开有沟槽15,在沟槽之中装有滚动圆柱16,以构成滚动配合。大家知道,使用的滚动圆柱最简单的是圆柱直径稍大于曲面高度,这样既可滚动自如,又可减小压强。
根据上述技术方案,我们不难发现,本发明基本上都是围绕着贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块能够在筒圆定子内及凹块转子中灵活自如地耐磨与密闭,为此,本人通过本发明特将贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块偏置筒圆定子旋转的膨胀或压缩机构改称为穿轴叶块偏置筒圆定子旋转的膨胀或压缩机构,并简称为穿轴叶块旋转式膨胀或压缩机构。

Claims (6)

1.一种流体通道上的膨胀或压缩机构,它包括有支承构架(1)、流体进出通口(2、3)、非正圆型线筒圆定子(4)、凹块转子(5)、贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)、筒圆端盖(7)、输力构件(8);其特征是:贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)在与筒圆定子(4)相配合处,另行设置有活动的并由其叶块(6)径向两端衔着的耐磨密闭构件(9、10、11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀或压缩机构,其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)在与筒圆定子(4)相配合处另行设置的是摆动的耐磨密闭构件(9、10)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀或压缩机构,其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)在与筒圆定子(4)相配合处另行设置的是滚动的耐磨密闭构件(11)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀或压缩机构,其特征是贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)在与筒圆定子(4)相配合处不仅另行设置有滚动的耐磨密闭构件(11),而且还附着有滚动轴承(12)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀或压缩机构,其特征是凹块转子(5)在与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)相配合处另行设置有铲贴式耐磨密闭构件(13、14)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的膨胀或压缩机构,其特征是凹块转子(5)在与贯穿凹块转子轴心的叶块(6)相配合处开有沟槽(15),在沟槽之中装有滚动圆柱(16)。
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US12/376,777 US20100178189A1 (en) 2006-08-08 2007-07-30 Rotary expanding or compressing mechanism provided in fluid channel with blades for traversing shaft
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