CN115462248A - Method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings through substrate cuttage - Google Patents
Method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings through substrate cuttage Download PDFInfo
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- CN115462248A CN115462248A CN202110652538.0A CN202110652538A CN115462248A CN 115462248 A CN115462248 A CN 115462248A CN 202110652538 A CN202110652538 A CN 202110652538A CN 115462248 A CN115462248 A CN 115462248A
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- 241000208195 Buxaceae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 18
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-butyric acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 JTEDVYBZBROSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 241001656898 Buxus microphylla Species 0.000 description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 241001656896 Buxus sinica Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000208197 Buxus Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001175669 Populus simonii Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218314 Liriodendron tulipifera Species 0.000 description 1
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000459 effect on growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage, which comprises the following steps of 1, selecting cutting slips; step 2, preparing a seedling culture container and a substrate: step 3, pre-treating the cutting slips; step 4, comprehensive management; step 5, transplanting and managing: after about 10 months after the cutting survival, the root system is fully distributed in the aperture disk, the plantlets with the matrix are transplanted into a plastic flowerpot with the aperture of 18cm and the height of 12cm, and one plant is planted in each pot; watering root fixing water thoroughly after transplanting, and shading for 2~3 days; can be used as a boxwood container seedling to be put into application. The invention can improve the rooting rate, obtain high-quality root system, and has better average plant height, stem thickness and root length for planting seedlings.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage, and belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation.
Background
Buxus (Buxus sinica (Rehder & e.h.wilson) m.cheng) is a shrub or small tree of the genus Buxus of the family buxuaceae, a representative species of the genus Buxus in east asia, and is widely distributed. The boxwood is suitable for being planted in areas with fertile soil and soft soil, has strong stress resistance, can grow in weak acid and weak alkaline soil, and has strong tolerance to extreme hot and cold or drought environments.
At present, the main purposes of Chinese littleleaf box are sowing and cutting propagation. In general, in the early 9 months of sowing and breeding Chinese buxus, loose and fertile sandy soil with good drainage is selected as a sowing field, base fertilizer is applied, and pesticide and bactericide are mixed. Mixing the seeds with a proper amount of sand, uniformly spreading the mixture on a seedbed, covering fine soil with the thickness of 1-1.5 mm, and covering 1 layer of straw mat for moisture preservation. In the middle and late ten days of 3 months in the next year, removing straw mats and covering soil, and building a plastic arched shed on the seedbed, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 25-30 ℃. The germination of the boxwood takes longer time, the seedlings can be transplanted into a field in one year after sowing, and the seedlings generated by sowing and propagation grow slowly.
The common cutting propagation method of the boxwood is that sufficiently lignified, healthy and disease and pest-free branches are selected in the early stage of cutting seedling, the branches are cut into 0.1-0.15 m and then the bundled branches are stored in sand for cuttage in the next year. Loose and sterilized sandy loam is selected as a seedling bed for cuttage, branches penetrate 2/3 or 1/2 of the soil, then the sandy soil is pressed to be in contact with the branches, watering is carried out after cuttage is finished, the soil humidity is kept at 60% -80%, and the temperature is kept at 25 ℃. After 9 months of cuttage, the branches can be transferred with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer, so that the branches can perform photosynthesis autonomously to synthesize organic matters required by the branches.
At present, after seedlings are planted in a fixed mode, the seedlings are sold after being planted in a planting mode, the work of root breaking, pruning of branches and leaves on the upper portion of the land and the like is carried out, labor and time are wasted, and plants are easily damaged physiologically due to the fact that soil balls are not appropriate in size or transplanting season.
The seedling stage of boxwood needs more phosphorus, the growth season is vigorous, and the growth period is stopped in autumn, so that more potassium is needed. After the seedlings are planted, 0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaf surfaces when the seedlings are selected to be wet in the shade or in the morning and evening, potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surfaces 3-4 times per month generally, and the concentration of the fertilizer cannot be too high during early fertilization so as to avoid burning new roots. In the seedling fast-growing period, the fertilizing amount is increased and the fertilizing times are increased, the number of times of each month is not less than 1, during fertilizing, the fertilizer is uniformly scattered on the surface layer of the soil among seedlings, and after fertilizing, hoeing is performed for 1-2 times and soil is covered; or ditching at the position of seedling roots at the interval of 15-20 cm between rows of seedlings, applying a chemical fertilizer into the ditches, and then covering soil; or dissolving the fertilizer in water, and fully sprinkling on the seedbed or between rows. And irrigating for 1 time after fertilization to avoid burning damage. The nitrogen fertilizer application should be carried out in spring and summer, and the nitrogen fertilizer application should be carried out before beginning of autumn for the last 1 time, so as to prevent the excessive growth of the seedlings from reducing the overwintering capability of the littleleaf boxwood seedlings. And (3) when the seedlings enter the growth stop period in 8-9 months, mainly applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote the lignification and root growth of the littleleaf boxwood seedlings and improve the cold resistance of the seedlings. Therefore, in the cultivation process of the boxwood, the fertilization frequency is high, the fertilizer utilization rate is low due to the spreading, and sometimes the requirement of the boxwood for fertilizer requirement cannot be followed in time due to weather influence, so that the growth of the boxwood is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the method for obtaining the boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage, the invention can improve the rooting rate and obtain high-quality root systems, and the average plant height, the stem thickness and the root length are better for seedling cultivation.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the method for obtaining the boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting cutting shoots: in spring or autumn, selecting 1 year-old lignified or semi-lignified Chinese poplar branches without diseases and insect pests on a stock plant in a cutting garden, shearing the branches into cutting slips by using sterilized scissors, wherein the length of each cutting slip is 10cm +/-0.5 cm and is provided with 2-3 bud eyes, the top ends of the cutting slips are cut into plain cuts with smooth surfaces, and the lower ends of the cutting slips are cut into oblique cuts; immersing the base part of the cut cutting slips into clear water for later use;
step 2, preparing a seedling culture container and a substrate: the seedling raising container is a 32-hole plug tray, and the matrix is perlite in volume ratio: turf = 1:3; filling the mixed matrix into a seedling container and watering for later use;
step 3, pre-treating the cutting slips: soaking the cutting slips with 1000 times carbendazim for 10min before cutting, then soaking the middle and lower ends of the cutting slips in a hormone solution for 60s, and immediately cutting;
step 4, comprehensive management: shading sun in summer and keeping warm in winter, keeping the temperature at 23-24 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 17-19%, and adjusting the temperature at 21-22 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 21-22% after 4 days and later until the cuttage survives;
step 5, transplanting and managing: after about 10 months after the cutting survival, the root system is fully distributed with the hole tray, the plantlets with the matrix are transplanted into a plastic flowerpot with the caliber of 18cm and the height of 12cm, and one plantlet is planted in each flowerpot; after transplanting, watering the root fixing water thoroughly for one time, and properly shading for 2-3 days; can be used as the container seedlings of the boxwood to be put into application.
Further, the specific method of cuttage in the step 3 is that the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the length of the cutting shoot, the mixed matrix is compacted by hands after cuttage, and water is sprayed for 1 time.
Further, the hormone solution in the step 3 is NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) or IBA (indole butyric acid) solution with the concentration of 1000 mg/L. NAA and IBA are both conventional hormones, but the optimal hormone concentrations for different species cutting are different; in addition, many species often need multiple hormones to be used in a matching way during cuttage; the invention can greatly improve the cuttage effect only by using single hormone.
The traditional planting method has less transplanting before sale because the planting is directly carried out. Because the row spacing of the open field cultivated plants of the boxwood seedlings is 0.4-0.5m x 1.3-1.5 m in consideration of the later period bonsai manufacture and the like, 1000-1500 plants are planted per mu. But use this patent, can rationally plant densely, increase soil utilization ratio, wait the later stage and need carry out potted landscape processing, direct removal container can.
Has the advantages that: (1) According to the method, the boxwood container seedlings are obtained by soilless cutting, cutting rooting treatment and matrix screening are combined, transplanting is carried out once, root breaking and pruning are not needed, and high-quality and strong boxwood seedlings can be obtained; (2) The method solves the problems of complicated breeding steps, low survival rate and long seedling recovering period of the traditional Chinese littleleaf box seedlings; (3) When the boxwood container seedlings are applied, the seedlings do not need to be lifted before transportation, the boxwood container seedlings are directly transported with the containers, no damage is caused to the seedlings, special requirements on seasons, soil and maintenance are not required for transplanting, the operation process is time-saving and labor-saving, and powerful technical support is provided for large-scale popularization in subsequent industries.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below.
Example 1
The invention relates to a method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting cutting shoots: in spring or autumn, selecting 1 year-old lignified or semi-lignified Chinese poplar branches without diseases and insect pests on a stock plant in a cutting garden, shearing the branches into cutting slips by using sterilized scissors, wherein the length of each cutting slip is 10cm +/-0.5 cm and is provided with 2-3 bud eyes, the top ends of the cutting slips are cut into plain cuts with smooth surfaces, and the lower ends of the cutting slips are cut into oblique cuts; immersing the base part of the cut cutting slips into clear water for later use;
step 2, preparing a seedling culture container and a substrate: the seedling raising container is a 32-hole plug tray, and the matrix is perlite in volume ratio: turf = 1:3; filling the mixed matrix into a seedling container and watering for later use;
step 3, cutting pretreatment: soaking the cutting slips with 1000 times carbendazim for 10min before cutting, then soaking the middle and lower ends of the cutting slips in a hormone solution for 60s, and immediately cutting; the hormone solution in the step 3 is NAA solution with the concentration of 1000 mg/L. The specific method of cuttage in step 3 is that the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the cutting length, the mixed matrix is compacted by hand after cuttage, and water is sprayed for 1 time.
Step 4, comprehensive management: sun-shading in summer and keeping warm in winter, keeping the temperature at 23-24 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 17-19%, and adjusting the temperature at 21-22 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 21-22% after 4 days and later until the cutting survival;
step 5, transplanting and managing: after about 10 months after the cutting survival, the root system is fully distributed with the hole tray, the plantlets with the matrix are transplanted into a plastic flowerpot with the caliber of 18cm and the height of 12cm, and one plantlet is planted in each flowerpot; after transplanting, watering the root fixing water thoroughly for one time, and properly shading for 2-3 days; can be used as the container seedlings of the boxwood to be put into application.
Example 2
This example 2 differs from example 1 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 is an IBA solution with a concentration of 1000 mg/L.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that no hormone solution is used for soaking in step 3.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 is a NAA solution with a concentration of 2500 mg/L.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example 3 differs from example 1 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 was NAA solution at a concentration of 5000 mg/L.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example 4 differs from example 1 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 was NAA solution at a concentration of 7500 mg/L.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 2 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 is IBA solution at a concentration of 2500 mg/L.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 2 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 is IBA solution at a concentration of 5000 mg/L.
Comparative example 7
Comparative example 7 differs from example 2 only in that the hormone solution used in step 3 is an IBA solution with a concentration of 7500 mg/L.
In conclusion, the influence of different hormone solution concentrations on the cutting seedlings is obtained in the examples 1 to 2 and the comparative examples 1 to 7, and the results are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 Effect of different hormone levels on cutting shoots
As can be seen from the above table, when the hormone treatment was not performed, the rooting rate, the number of roots and the root length were all lower than those of the hormone treatment, and the rooting rate was only 18.3%, the number of roots was 3.75 and the root length was 4.75cm. The rooting rate of 1000mg/L NAA treatment is the highest, and is 46.7%, the plant height is 10.38cm, the number of flat roots is 4.63, the root length is 5.66cm, and the cutting rooting and seedling forming effects are the best; the NAA treatment effect of 5000mg/L is the worst, the rooting rate is 22.8%, the plant height is 10.5cm, the number of roots is 5.63, and the root length is 5.06cm; when treated with 2500mg/L NAA and 7500mg/L NAA, the rooting rate is 37.2% and 34.4%, respectively, and the plants grow similarly. Comprehensive analysis shows that 1000mg/L NAA has the best treatment effect. The cutting seedling of the invention has good growth condition and is the comprehensive function of the matrix and the hormone.
When IBA is 1000mg/L, the rooting rate is 45.0%, the plant height is 10.94cm, the number of roots is 4.25, and the root length is 5.54cm; when IBA is 2500mg/L, the rooting rate is 43.3%, the plant height is 11.94cm, the number of roots is 4.63, and the root length is 5.94cm; when IBA is 5000mg/L, the rooting rate is 22.8%, the plant height is 11.94cm, the number of roots is 5.13, and the root length is 4.41cm; when IBA7500mg/L, the rooting rate is 25.0%, the plant height is 10.75cm, the number of roots is 4.63, and the root length is 5.69cm. Comprehensive analysis shows that the IBA treatment effect of 1000mg/L is the best. In conclusion, 1000mg/L of IBA or NAA is suitable for being used as a cutting rooting agent of the boxwood.
Comparative example 8
Comparative example 8 differs from example 1 only in that the matrix mixture used in step 2 is perlite by volume: turf = 1:1.
Comparative example 9
Comparative example 9 differs from example 1 only in that the matrix mixture used in step 2 is perlite by volume: turf = 3:1.
In conclusion, the influence of different mixed matrix proportions on the growth condition of the Chinese littleleaf box cutting seedlings is obtained in the examples 1 to 2 and the comparative examples 8 to 9, and the results are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 growth of cutting seedlings of Buxus sinica with different substrate ratios
From the above table, the matrix is perlite: peat =1: when 3 days, the rooting rate is 46.3%, the plant height is 9.34 cm, the number of roots is 8.71, and the root length is 4.96cm; the matrix is perlite: peat =1: when 1, the rooting rate is 33.0 percent, the plant height is 8.93cm, the number of roots is 5.75, and the root length is 1.55cm; the matrix is perlite: peat =3: when 1, the rooting rate is 22.5%, the plant height is 8.76cm, the number of roots is 2.91, and the root length is 0.93cm. Comprehensive analysis, perlite: peat =1:3 is the optimal substrate proportion.
In conclusion, the influence of different mixed matrix proportions on the growth of the grown seedlings of boxwood is obtained in the examples 1 to 2 and the comparative examples 8 to 9, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of different substrate ratios on the growth and development of Buxus sinica Linn seedlings
As can be seen from table 3, perlite: peat =1: the mixture ratio of 3 is most suitable for the growth and development of the boxwood, the average plant height, the stem thickness and the root length are respectively 32.83cm, 0.68cm and 13.67cm, and the plant height and the root length are both obviously higher than perlite: peat =1:1 and perlite: peat =3:1, stem thickness significantly higher than perlite: peat =3:1 in proportion. The water retention property of the grass carbon with more ratio under the condition of unified fertilizer and water management is better, and the growth of the root of buxus sinica is more facilitated. Therefore, the medium suitable for cultivating the boxwood is determined to be perlite: peat =1:3.
Example 3
The invention relates to a method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting cutting shoots: in spring or autumn, selecting 1 year-old lignified or semi-lignified Chinese poplar branches without diseases and insect pests on a stock plant in a cutting garden, shearing the branches into cutting slips by using sterilized scissors, wherein the length of each cutting slip is 10cm +/-0.5 cm and is provided with 2-3 bud eyes, the top ends of the cutting slips are cut into plain cuts with smooth surfaces, and the lower ends of the cutting slips are cut into oblique cuts; immersing the base part of the cut cutting slips into clear water for later use;
step 2, preparing a seedling culture container and a substrate: the seedling raising container is a 32-hole plug tray, and the matrix is perlite in volume ratio: turf = 1:3; filling the mixed matrix into a seedling container and watering for later use;
step 3, cutting pretreatment: soaking the cutting slips with 1000 times carbendazim for 10min before cutting, then soaking the middle and lower ends of the cutting slips in a hormone solution for 60s, and immediately cutting; the hormone solution in the step 3 is NAA solution with the concentration of 1000 mg/L. The specific method of cuttage in step 3 is that the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the length of the cutting slips, the mixed matrix is compacted by hands after cuttage, and water is sprayed for 1 time.
Step 4, comprehensive management: shading sun in summer and keeping warm in winter, keeping the temperature at 23-24 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 17-19%, and adjusting the temperature at 21-22 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the substrate at 21-22% after 4 days and later until the cuttage survives;
step 5, transplanting and managing: after about 10 months after the cutting survival, the root system is fully distributed in the hole tray, the plantlet with the substrate is transplanted into a plastic flowerpot with the caliber of 18cm and the height of 12cm, and one plant is planted in each pot; after transplanting, watering the root fixing water thoroughly for one time, and properly shading for 2-3 days; can be used as a boxwood container seedling to be put into application.
Step 6, water and fertilizer management after transplanting: the drip pipe is arranged, the ground-inserted micro-spraying set facility, the filtering facility, the valve, the water pump, the water pumping pipeline and the like are inserted into the ground, and the fertilizer and water integrated automatic sprinkling irrigation is realized. According to the growth habit of the boxwood, compared with 2 water-soluble fertilizers, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of the first water-soluble fertilizer is 22:20:18, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the second water-soluble fertilizer is 15:15:15, effect on growth of boxwood, results are shown in table 4. Generally, the fertilizer is applied once every 2 months, and about 15 kilograms is applied to each mu.
The traditional planting method usually needs 2000 kg/mu of organic fertilizer in the early stage, after planting the subsequent seedlings, 0.4 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaf surfaces when selecting cloudy days or in the early and late air for moistening, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 3 to 4 times generally every month, and attention should be paid to that the concentration of the fertilizer cannot be too high in the early stage of fertilization so as to avoid burning new roots. In the seedling fast-growing period, the fertilizing amount is increased and the fertilizing times are increased, the number of times of each month is not less than 1, during fertilizing, the fertilizer is uniformly scattered on the surface layer of the soil among seedlings, and after fertilizing, hoeing is performed for 1-2 times and soil is covered; or ditching at the position of seedling roots at the interval of 15-20 cm between rows of seedlings, applying a chemical fertilizer into the ditches, and then covering soil; or dissolving the fertilizer in water, and fully sprinkling on the seedbed or between rows. And irrigating for 1 time after fertilization to avoid burning damage. The nitrogen fertilizer application should be carried out in spring and summer, and the nitrogen fertilizer application should be carried out before beginning of autumn for the last 1 time, so as to prevent the excessive growth of seedlings from reducing the overwintering capacity of the littleleaf boxwood seedlings. And (3) when the seedlings enter the growth stop period in 8-9 months, mainly applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote the lignification and root growth of the littleleaf boxwood seedlings and improve the cold resistance of the seedlings. The whole process is more in fertilization times, and is time-consuming and labor-consuming. The invention greatly saves the investment of fertilization labor force and the fertilization amount.
TABLE 4 influence of different proportions of water soluble fertilizers on growth and development of Buxus sinica Diels
Results table 4 shows that the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 15:15:15, the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio is 22:20: the average plant height, stem thickness and root length of the 18 water soluble fertilizer are respectively 34.87cm, 0.71cm and 15.52cm, and the requirement of the growth of the buxus sinica can be met. Therefore, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium proportion in the production is 22:20:18 water-soluble fertilizer can realize the automatic sprinkling irrigation of rich water integration, and liquid manure is accurate, high-efficient management, realizes fertilizing as required, accurate fertilization, ensures that sprinkling irrigation, fertilization are even, solves the key technology of high-efficient rich water, promotes the green high-efficient growth of yellow poplar.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cuttage is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, selecting cutting shoots: in spring or autumn, selecting 1 year-old lignified or semi-lignified Chinese littleleaf poplar branches without diseases and insect pests on a stock plant in a cutting garden, shearing the branches into cutting slips by using sterilized scissors, wherein the length of the cutting slips is 10cm +/-0.5 cm and is provided with 2-3 bud eyes, the top ends of the cutting slips are cut into flat openings with smooth surfaces, and the lower ends of the cutting slips are cut into oblique openings; immersing the base part of the cut cutting slips into clear water for later use;
step 2, preparing a seedling culture container and a substrate: the seedling culture container is a 32-hole plug tray, and the matrix is perlite in volume ratio: turf = 1:3; filling the mixed matrix into a seedling container and watering for later use;
step 3, cutting pretreatment: soaking the cutting slips with 1000 times of carbendazim for 10min before cutting, then soaking the middle and lower ends of the cutting slips in a hormone solution for soaking treatment of 60s, and then immediately cutting;
step 4, comprehensive management: shading in summer and keeping warm in winter, keeping the temperature at 23-24 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the matrix at 17-19%, adjusting the temperature at 21-22 ℃, the environmental humidity at 84-86% and the water content of the matrix at 21-22% after 4 days and until the cuttage survives;
step 5, transplanting and managing: after about 10 months after the cutting survival, the root system is fully distributed in the aperture disk, the plantlets with the matrix are transplanted into a plastic flowerpot with the aperture of 18cm and the height of 12cm, and one plant is planted in each pot; watering root fixing water thoroughly after transplanting, and shading for 2~3 days; can be used as the container seedlings of the boxwood to be put into application.
2. The method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cutting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specific method of the cuttage in the step 3 is that the cuttage depth is 1/3 of the length of the cutting slips, the mixed matrix is compacted by hands after the cuttage, and the mixed matrix is sprayed with water for 1 time.
3. The method for obtaining boxwood container seedlings by substrate cutting according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hormone solution in the step 3 is NAA or IBA solution with the concentration of 1000 mg/L.
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