CN113519331B - Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis - Google Patents
Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113519331B CN113519331B CN202110497930.2A CN202110497930A CN113519331B CN 113519331 B CN113519331 B CN 113519331B CN 202110497930 A CN202110497930 A CN 202110497930A CN 113519331 B CN113519331 B CN 113519331B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- seedling
- months
- transplanting
- field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241001149649 Taxus wallichiana var. chinensis Species 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241001116498 Taxus baccata Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001116500 Taxus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] Chemical compound [Ca+2].[S-]SSS[S-] JNVCSEDACVAATK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000422846 Sequoiadendron giganteum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001116495 Taxaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seedling raising, and provides a method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis, which aims to solve the problems of low germination rate, long germination period, low cuttage rooting rate, low transplanting survival rate and the like of seed seedling raising in a traditional taxus chinensis breeding mode. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a seedling raising container and seedling raising materials, selecting cuttings, pruning the cuttings, cutting, managing seedling stage, transplanting a field and managing the field; compared with the traditional cuttage rooting rate, the rooting rate can be improved from 5% to more than 80%; the method can realize industrial seedling raising, can realize whole-course mechanized operation except tender branch shearing and seedling cutting, is convenient to manage, and can realize industrial seedling raising and transplanting; the seedling reviving period is shortened, the transplanting survival rate is high, the seedling reviving is carried out together with a seedling container or a seedling material after the root system is developed, the transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90% only through strict management, and the whole-process mechanization of the transplanting can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seedling raising, and particularly relates to a method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis.
Background
The traditional plant breeding (seedling) method of Taxaceae, also called as sweater, comprises the following steps:
seed seedling raising: the plant seeds with hard shells can sprout after hundreds of days or even longer dormancy, otherwise, the current year direct seeding can sprout only for a hat year, the method for breaking dormancy period generally adopts autumn and winter sand storage treatment, and soaking and spring sowing are carried out before sowing, but the method still needs 27 months sand storage treatment for rare plants such as Chinese yew through repeated experiments, and only a few sprouting exists.
Cutting and seedling: after plant dormancy stops growing, cutting annual branches into cutting sand with required length, and cutting after the air temperature of the bamboo hat is raised in spring. However, the plant such as the Chinese yew which is difficult to root has almost no possibility of survival, and the rooting rate can only reach about 5% even if the plant is treated by rooting powder before cutting.
Grafting and seedling raising: the plant seed strips cut in autumn and winter are treated by sand storage, and the plant stock in Chi year is spliced or grafted before sprouting, or the plant can be propagated by utilizing the method of budding after the midsummer plant enters a second short temporary dormancy period. However, the Chinese yew root has unique drug content, and the breeding mode is only suitable for breeding ornamental varieties or harvested branch and leaf varieties.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for large-area large-scale planting of Chinese yew, which aims to solve the problems of low germination rate, long germination period, low rooting rate in cutting planting, low survival rate in transplanting and the like of seed seedling in the traditional Chinese yew breeding mode.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for large-area large-scale planting of Taxus chinensis comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising container and a seedling raising material: the sandy loam, the rotten leaves, the fermented sheep manure, the fine sand or the perlite mixed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are used as the culture materials, the container is a black degradable cultivation pot, and the culture materials are placed into the pot and compacted; sterilizing with 121 deg.C high pressure steam for 20min or 100 deg.C circulating steam for 30min;
(2) Sterilizing treatment before cutting: soaking tools used in the cutting process in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 75% for 1-5h, then fully cleaning the tools with distilled water, and wiping the tools with 75% ethanol;
(3) Cutting selection: selecting tender branches or hard seed strips as cuttings, wherein the tender branches are selected from tender branches of 1-3-year-old taxus chinensis, and the hard seed strips are selected from semi-lignified branches of 8-15-year-old female taxus chinensis or semi-lignified branches of 5-10-year-old male taxus chinensis; cutting semi-lignified branches as cuttings in 5-6 months each year; picking branches is carried out in the morning and evening or in the cloudy days, cutting is carried out along with picking, and indoor or sand or cellar storage of yin tide is selected for short-term storage;
(4) Cutting pruning: cutting the cutting into ears according to 10-30cm, removing leaves on branches with the base part of 5-10cm, cutting into bevel openings with the angle of 30-60 ︒, and enabling the cut to be smooth without breaking skin, splitting and damaging buds; the cuttings are bundled in grades according to the thickness, and are marked as female or male; then soaking a rooting agent for 3-10 hours, and then cutting; the rooting agent is as follows: 100-200mg/L indoleacetic acid or 3X 10 concentration -5 -5×10 -5 mg/L ABT No. 7;
(5) Seedling raising and cutting: seedling cuttage: placing the treated cuttings into a cultivation pot, wherein the cutting depth is 8-15cm; placing the cultivation pot on the land according to the pot distance of 3-6cm and the depth of 5-10cm, and carrying out seedling cutting after 3 months;
seedling raising and cutting: placing the cultivation pot into a seedling hole and compacting, wherein each 10-30 rows of female plants are separated by 1-2 rows of male plants; if the obtained cutting seedling is greenhouse seedling, the cutting depth is 15-20cm; if the obtained cutting seedling is a field seedling, the cutting depth is 30-40cm;
(6) Seedling management: culturing greenhouse seedlings and a large Tian Miaoxian in a greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃ and the humidity to be 50-80%, naturally scattering light, controlling illuminance, and covering a greenhouse roof sunlight plate by using a roller shutter when necessary; ventilating for 1 day every week, wherein the ventilation day is 2 times a day, namely 9 to 11 am and 3 to 5 pm respectively; automatically spraying micro mist every day in the greenhouse to keep leaf surfaces moist; the soil humidity is kept to be 65-85% before the cutting seedlings survive, the ground is always in a wet state after the cutting seedlings survive, and the soil humidity is controlled to be 40-60%;
(7) Field planting and field management: growing in a greenhouse for 2-3 years, growing cutting seedlings to a height of 50-100cm and a thickness of 0.5-1.5cm, transplanting the cutting seedlings into a field, dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers before transplanting, 10-20kg per mu, 10 parts per mu of decomposed organic fertilizers, transplanting seedlings when the soil humidity reaches 40-60%, and watering if necessary; transplanting in the last ten days of 4 months to 5 months, and if the seedlings are planted in the field, transplanting in the field with the row spacing of 1X 2m without removing branches and pruning; if the plant is grown into a tree in the field, removing branches and leaving main stems, wherein the plant row spacing is 2X 6 meters;
and (3) field planting management: dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1 time per year for 5-6 months after field planting, and 10-30kg per mu; watering once every 20 days after transplanting, and rooting for 1-2 months; insecticide is sprayed in the seedling stage, 3 months to 4 months, 1 time, 7 months to 8 months, and weeding is carried out 2 times per year, namely 5 months to 6 months and 8 months to 9 months respectively.
The culture material is sandy loam: leaf rot: fermented sheep manure: mixing sand or perlite according to the weight ratio of 7:1:1:1, and the pH value is 5.5-7.5; the weight ratio of the culture material to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 10:1.
The pesticide is lime-sulfur mixture, which is mixed solution of lime, sulfur and water in the weight ratio of 1:2:10, and then heated to 100-130 ℃ within 5min, cooled to 80-110 ℃ and maintained for 50-70min, and continuously stirred during heating. When in use, the treated stone sulfur pesticide and water are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:10, mixing the spray blades.
Compared with the prior art, the rooting rate of the cutting is high, the dormancy period is broken, the shoots are directly inserted into a sterilized seedling raising container or material containing full components and rooting powder, pollution is avoided, the temperature is constant, full illumination and micro mist spraying are carried out, the sufficient photosynthesis of the young leaves is maintained, the rooting rate is high, and compared with the rooting rate of the traditional cutting, the rooting rate can be improved from 5% to more than 80%; the method can realize industrial seedling raising, can realize whole-course mechanized operation except cutting by tender branch shearing, is convenient to manage, and can realize industrial seedling raising and transplanting; shortening the seedling reviving period, high transplanting survival rate, transplanting together with seedling raising container or material after developed root system, strict management, transplanting survival rate up to 90% and full-process mechanization of transplanting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows cutting seedlings in a seedling raising container in a greenhouse; FIG. 2 shows that seedlings Gao Yaowei m are planted in a greenhouse in a cutting way for 4 years; FIG. 3 shows a 5 year plant planted in a greenhouse by cutting, the height of the plant is about 1.2 meters; FIG. 4 shows a 6 year plant planted in a greenhouse by cutting, the height of the plant is about 1.4 meters; FIG. 5 shows a 7 year plant grown in greenhouse cuttings, approximately 1.7 meters in height, with females bearing knots; FIG. 6 shows a plant grown in greenhouse cuttings for 8 years, the height of which is about 1.8 meters; FIG. 7 is a 3 year plant grown in the field, approximately 70cm in height; FIG. 8 is a 4 year plant grown in the field, approximately 1m in height; FIG. 9 shows a 5 year plant grown in the field, approximately 1.1m in height.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A method for large-area large-scale planting of Taxus chinensis comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising container and a seedling raising material: the sandy loam, the rotten leaves, the fermented sheep manure, the fine sand or the perlite mixed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are used as the culture materials, and are placed in a degradable cultivation pot for compaction; sterilizing with 121 deg.C high pressure steam for 20min or 100 deg.C circulating steam for 30min;
(2) Cutting selection: selecting a tender branch or a hard seed strip as an inserting strip, wherein the tender branch is selected from tender branches of 1-3 years old yew trees, and the hard seed strip is selected from semi-lignified branches of 8-15 years old female yew trees or semi-lignified branches of 5-10 years old male yew trees; cutting semi-lignified branches as cuttings in 5-6 months each year; the branch picking is carried out in the morning and evening or in the shade, obvious female and male plant marks are timely made, cutting is carried out along with cutting, and the branches are stored in a greenhouse special area for selecting the tide in a short period;
(3) Sterilizing treatment before cutting: soaking tools used in the cutting process in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 75% for 1-5h, then cleaning with distilled water, and wiping with 75% ethanol;
cutting pruning: cutting the cutting into ears according to 10-30cm, removing leaves on branches with the base part of 5-10cm, cutting needle leaves into slopes of 30-60 ︒, and enabling the cut to be smooth, free from breaking skin, splitting and damaging buds; the cuttings are classified and bound according to the thickness, female and male plant identification is made, and then rooting agent is soaked for 3-10 hours for cutting; the rooting agent is as follows: 100-200mg/L indoleacetic acid or 3X 10 concentration -5 -5×10 - 5 mg/L ABT No. 7;
(4) Cutting: the treated cuttings are cut in a sterilized seedling raising matrix according to the plant row spacing of 5X 10cm or 7X 7cm, and during cutting, each 8-15 rows of female plants are separated by 1-2 rows of male plants; if the obtained cutting seedlings are greenhouse seedlings, the cutting depth is 8-15cm; if the obtained cutting seedling is a field seedling, the cutting depth is 30-40cm;
(5) Seedling management: culturing greenhouse seedlings and large Tian Miaoxian in a greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃, controlling the humidity to be 50-80%, naturally scattering light, ventilating for 1 day every week, and ventilating for 2 times a day every ventilation day, wherein the ventilation time is respectively 9-11 a.m. and 3-5 a.m. afternoon; automatically spraying micro mist every day in the greenhouse to keep leaf surfaces moist; keeping the soil humidity at 80% -90% before the cutting seedlings survive, and controlling the soil humidity at 40% -60% after the cutting seedlings survive;
(6) Field planting and field management: field planting: growing in a greenhouse for 2-3 years, growing cutting seedlings to a height of 50-100cm and a thickness of 0.5-1.5cm, transplanting the cutting seedlings into a field, wherein soil in the field is sandy soil, dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers before transplanting, 10-30kg per mu of the cutting seedlings are used, 10 parts per mu of the decomposed organic fertilizers are used for soil moisture reaches 40% -60%, and transplanting the seedlings; transplanting the plant in the middle ten days of 4 months to the upper ten days of 5 months, if the plant is planted in the field, the plant is not pruned, the plant row spacing is controlled to be 1 multiplied by 2m, and if the plant is planted in the field, branches are removed, and a main rod is left, and the plant row spacing is 2 multiplied by 6 m;
and (3) field planting management: dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for 1 time in 5-6 months each year after field planting, wherein 10-20kg per mu; watering once every 20 days after transplanting, and rooting for 1-2 months; insecticide is sprayed in the seedling stage, 3 months to 4 months, 1 time, 7 months to 8 months, and weeding is carried out 2 times per year, namely 5 months to 6 months and 8 months to 9 months respectively.
The culture material is sandy loam: leaf rot: fermented sheep manure: mixing sand or perlite according to the weight ratio of 7:1:1:1, and the pH value is 5.5-7.5; the weight ratio of the culture material to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 10:1.
The pesticide is a stone-colored mixture, namely a mixed solution of lime, sulfur and water in a weight ratio of 1:2:10, then the mixture is heated to 100-130 ℃ within 5min, the temperature is reduced to 80-110 ℃ and maintained for 50-70min, and the mixture is continuously stirred in the heating process, and when the stone-sulfur pesticide is used, the weight ratio of the treated stone-sulfur pesticide to the water is 1:10, mixing the spray blades.
Planting condition of taxus chinensis in greenhouse: the seedling greenhouse has more than 300 seats, and is counted to have 148.1 ten thousand plants, and the planting survival rate of the greenhouse reaches 96% in 2020.
The field planting condition of the taxus chinensis: 9 pieces of yew slices with different altitudes are shown in an exemplary forest area, and 73 ten thousand plants are counted; 23.9 ten thousand plants of adult standard Chinese yew (tree diameter 2.5 cm, tree height 150 cm) are achieved, 7.6 ten thousand plants of big tree standard Chinese yew (tree diameter 4 cm, tree height 200 cm) are achieved, 73.1 ten thousand plants exist, and the survival rate reaches 95.5% in 2020. Statistical tables of planting conditions of yew from 1 month in 2010 to 3 months in 2021 are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Table 1: greenhouse planting condition (Wan Zhi)
Description: and (5) the surplus plants are lost in the field planting.
Table 2: field planting condition (Wan Zhi)
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for large-area large-scale planting of yew is characterized in that: the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Preparing a seedling raising container and a seedling raising material: the sandy loam, the rotten leaves, the fermented sheep manure, the fine sand or the perlite mixed nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are used as the culture materials, and are placed in a black degradable cultivation pot for compaction; sterilizing with 121 deg.C high pressure steam for 20min or 100 deg.C circulating steam for 30min;
(2) Sterilizing treatment before cutting: soaking tools used in the cutting process in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 75% for 1-5h, then cleaning with distilled water, and wiping with 75% ethanol;
(3) Cutting selection: selecting a tender branch or a hard seed strip as an inserting strip, wherein the tender branch is selected from tender branches of 1-3 years old yew trees, and the hard seed strip is selected from semi-lignified branches of 8-15 years old female yew trees or semi-lignified branches of 5-10 years old male yew trees; cutting semi-lignified branches as cuttings in 5-6 months each year; picking branches is carried out in the morning and evening or in the cloudy days, cutting is carried out along with cutting, and indoor or sand or cellar storage of yin tide is selected for short-term storage;
(4) Cutting pruning: cutting the cutting into ears according to 10-30cm, removing leaves on branches with the base part of 5-10cm, cutting needle leaves into slopes with the angle of 30-60 degrees, and enabling the cuts to be smooth, free from skin breaking, splitting and bud injury; the cutting slips are classified and bound according to the thickness, female and male plant marks are made, and then rooting agent is soaked for 3-10 hours for cutting; the rooting agent is as follows: 100200mg/L of indoleacetic acid or 3X 10 concentration -5 -5×10 - 5 mg/L ABT No. 7;
(5) Seedling raising and cutting: seedling cuttage: placing the treated cuttings into a cultivation pot, wherein the cutting depth is 8-15cm; placing the cultivation pot on the land according to the pot distance of 3-6cm and the depth of 5-10cm, and carrying out seedling cutting after 3 months;
seedling raising and cutting: placing the cultivation pot into a seedling hole and compacting, wherein each 10-30 rows of female plants are separated by 1-2 rows of male plants; if the obtained cutting seedling is greenhouse seedling, the cutting depth is 15-20cm; if the obtained cutting seedling is a field seedling, the cutting depth is 30-40cm;
(6) Seedling management: culturing greenhouse seedlings and a large Tian Miaoxian seedling in a greenhouse, controlling the temperature in the greenhouse to be 20-25 ℃, controlling the humidity to be 50-80%, naturally scattering light, ventilating for 1 day per week, and ventilating for 2 times a day in a ventilation day, wherein the ventilation day is 9 to 11 a.m. and the ventilation day is 3 to 5 a.m. respectively; automatically spraying micro mist every day in the greenhouse to keep leaf surfaces moist; keeping the soil humidity to be 65% -85% before the cutting seedlings survive, keeping the ground in a wet state after the cutting seedlings survive, preventing the soil from hardening and irrigating, and controlling the soil humidity to be 40% -60%;
(7) Field planting and field management: growing in a greenhouse for 2-3 years, transplanting the seedlings into a field after the cutting seedlings grow to 50-100cm in height and 0.5-1.5cm in diameter, dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers before transplanting, wherein 10-30kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are applied to the seedlings per mu, 10 parts of decomposed organic fertilizers per mu are used, and the soil humidity reaches 40% -60% of the transplanted seedlings; transplanting in the last ten days of 4 months to 5 months, and if the seedlings are planted in the field, transplanting in the field with the row spacing of 1X 2m without removing branches and pruning; if the plant is grown into a tree in the field, removing branches and leaving main stems, wherein the plant row spacing is 2X 6 meters;
and (3) field planting management: dressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 1 time per year for 5-6 months after field planting, and 10-30kg per mu; watering once every 20 days after transplanting, and rooting for 1-2 months; spraying insecticide at seedling stage for 3-4 months for 1 time, spraying for 7-8 months for 2 times per year, and weeding for 5-6 months and 8-9 months respectively;
the culture material is sandy loam: leaf rot: fermented sheep manure: mixing fine sand or perlite according to the weight ratio of 7:1:1:1, and the pH value is 5.5-7.5; the mass ratio of the culture material to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is 10:1;
the pesticide is a lime-sulfur mixture, namely a mixed solution of lime, sulfur and water in a weight ratio of 1:2:10, and is heated to 100-130 ℃ within 5min, cooled to 80-110 ℃ and maintained for 50-70min, and continuously stirred in the heating process, wherein the weight ratio of the treated pesticide to the water is 1:10, mixing the spray blades.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110497930.2A CN113519331B (en) | 2021-05-08 | 2021-05-08 | Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110497930.2A CN113519331B (en) | 2021-05-08 | 2021-05-08 | Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113519331A CN113519331A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
| CN113519331B true CN113519331B (en) | 2024-01-26 |
Family
ID=78095364
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110497930.2A Active CN113519331B (en) | 2021-05-08 | 2021-05-08 | Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113519331B (en) |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1745619A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-15 | 仇传玲 | Cultivation of Chinese yew |
| CN103621273A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 黄山市黟县环宇农业科技有限责任公司 | Method for manually cutting taxus chinensis for seedling cultivation |
| CN104067916A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Greenhouse cuttage method of European yews |
| CN104396491A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus chinensis var. mairei cutting seedling-raising method |
| CN104885842A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata |
| CN106718540A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 凌建祥 | A kind of transplantation technique of Taxus x media |
| CN109258431A (en) * | 2018-11-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北天华林药有限公司 | A kind of Yew cuttage method for culturing seedlings |
-
2021
- 2021-05-08 CN CN202110497930.2A patent/CN113519331B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1745619A (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-15 | 仇传玲 | Cultivation of Chinese yew |
| CN103621273A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-03-12 | 黄山市黟县环宇农业科技有限责任公司 | Method for manually cutting taxus chinensis for seedling cultivation |
| CN104067916A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-10-01 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Greenhouse cuttage method of European yews |
| CN104396491A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-03-11 | 江苏红豆杉生物科技股份有限公司 | Taxus chinensis var. mairei cutting seedling-raising method |
| CN104885842A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-09-09 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata |
| CN106718540A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 凌建祥 | A kind of transplantation technique of Taxus x media |
| CN109258431A (en) * | 2018-11-25 | 2019-01-25 | 湖北天华林药有限公司 | A kind of Yew cuttage method for culturing seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 红豆杉枝插容器育苗技术;张宗勤等;防护林科技(第3期);第80、83页 * |
| 红豆杉适宜气候条件及优质栽培技术;李会军等;陕西农业科学(第3期);第271-273页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113519331A (en) | 2021-10-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103314847A (en) | Medicinal dendrobum herb tissue culture plantation method | |
| CN110036907B (en) | Application of combination of chemical mutagenesis method and negative pressure method in polyploid breeding of Chinese fringetree | |
| CN111758529A (en) | Cuttage seedling raising method for taxus chinensis in greenhouse container and medium | |
| CN108811813B (en) | Cuttage and rapid propagation seedling raising method for sea buckthorn tender shoots | |
| CN112056102A (en) | Method for promoting root growth of tea tree cutting seedlings | |
| CN103314748B (en) | Seedling raising method of highbred honeysuckles | |
| CN111264328A (en) | Cultivation method of small bougainvillea spectabilis pot culture | |
| CN104885842A (en) | Method for cutting and breeding Taxus baccata | |
| CN106937579A (en) | A kind of southern cuttage and seedling culture method of autumn safflower Loropetalum wood | |
| CN108207474B (en) | Cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle | |
| CN108377828B (en) | Planting method of wild bougainvillea spectabilis with piles | |
| CN113412737B (en) | Efficient cutting propagation seedling raising method for celastrus angulatus | |
| CN103053347B (en) | Winter greenhouse grafting method for English hawthorn 'Scarlet' planted in Beijing area | |
| CN113519331B (en) | Method for large-area large-scale planting of taxus chinensis | |
| CN113170707B (en) | Efficient seedling growing method for mesona blume virus-free seedlings and application of efficient seedling growing method | |
| CN112913488B (en) | Comprehensive method for rapid asexual propagation of peony | |
| CN110537451B (en) | Cutting propagation method for toona sinensis by building cutting orchard to culture cutting branches | |
| CN111034522B (en) | Transplanting and domesticating method for quercus acutissima tissue culture seedlings | |
| CN113367043A (en) | Sequoia tsugae cutting medium and seedling raising method thereof | |
| CN111887082A (en) | Bougainvillea spectabilis native cold-resistant variety breeding method and application | |
| CN110741868A (en) | Seedling planting method | |
| CN111066554A (en) | Method for cultivating ficus microcarpa | |
| CN110558130A (en) | Cutting method of cauliflower | |
| CN114223412B (en) | Lagerstroemia speciosa aerial layering propagation method | |
| CN113973599B (en) | Tilia tomentosa cutting propagation method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |