CN115280919A - Seedbed ridging film paving machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Seedbed ridging film paving machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN115280919A CN115280919A CN202210794388.1A CN202210794388A CN115280919A CN 115280919 A CN115280919 A CN 115280919A CN 202210794388 A CN202210794388 A CN 202210794388A CN 115280919 A CN115280919 A CN 115280919A
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- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001002356 Valeriana edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000011890 leaf development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
- A01B13/02—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for making or working ridges, e.g. with symmetrically arranged mouldboards, e.g. ridging plough
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves, which comprises a main frame, a rear frame, soil collecting disks arranged on two sides of the main frame, two deep fertilizing devices arranged above the main frame, a rotary tillage mechanism arranged below the main frame, a three-point suspension arranged on the main frame and positioned between the two deep fertilizing devices, a ridging forming device arranged on the main frame and positioned behind and below each deep fertilizing device, a shaping and pressing structure arranged on the main frame and positioned behind the ridging forming device, and a pair of film-spreading devices arranged in parallel on the rear frame. The integrated operation of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film paving and film edge earthing can be realized, the ridging height is adjustable, and the requirement of cigar tobacco leaf production areas on the difference of the ridging height and the ridge body firmness is met. The seedbed preparation operation can be realized at low cost, high efficiency and high standard in the seedbed preparation stage of cigar tobacco planting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to an adjustable seedbed ridging and film paving machine for cigar tobacco leaves.
Background
The cigar tobacco is one kind of air-cured tobacco, the domestic planting is mainly distributed in the places of Hubei, sichuan, hainan and the like, the planting area of the cigar tobacco in China is maintained at 300hm throughout the year for 2016 2 The above. As a special economic crop, the method has more production links, and only in the early seedbed preparation stage, the working procedures of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film paving, film edge earthing and the like need to be completed.
The rotary tillage operation can provide a soft soil environment for the root system of the cigar tobacco leaves, and the deep fertilization ensures that the cigar tobacco leaves can be continuously supplied with nutrients during growth. Because the cigar leaves are crops which are fond of warm and cold, the surface area of the soil is increased by planting on the ridges, the ridges can receive more light and heat, the ground temperature is improved, and meanwhile, the ridges are covered with films to further play a role in warming, so that the cigar leaves are ensured to grow robustly; the cigar tobacco leaf growth and development process is afraid of waterlogging and drought, the ridge planting not only can preserve soil moisture and prevent drought, the ridge body inclined plane and the furrow can also effectively drain water under heavy rain weather, prevent ponding influence cigar tobacco leaf growth, simultaneously the plastic film mulching on the ridge can effectively reduce water evaporation, provide a soil environment with relatively stable water content for the growth of tobacco plants, further can effectively relieve the leaching effect of province rainy seasons such as Hubei and Sichuan on fertilizers, improve the quality and the yield of tobacco leaves, therefore the ridging and film laying operation plays a key role in cigar tobacco leaf growth.
The special agricultural machine tool for seedbed preparation operation of cigar tobacco leaves in the current production is lack of, manual operation is the main purpose, meanwhile, due to different soil environments of various regions, the requirements of various planting regions on the height and the firmness of the ridge body are greatly different, and in order to meet the agricultural requirements of various regions in the actual production, the related agricultural machine tool can realize ridge forming height adjustment. In addition, the current seedbed finishing machine suitable for crops such as corn mainly aims at the operation environment of sandy loam, mostly adopts a passive ridging mode, and has a poor ridging effect under the working condition of slightly viscous soil in cigar tobacco planting areas in China. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an adjustable seedbed ridging and film-paving device for cigar leaves, which can realize combined operation, so as to promote the industrial and mechanized development of cigar leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an adjustable cigar tobacco seedling bed ridging and film paving machine integrating functions of rotary tillage fertilization, active ridging, film paving and soil covering.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention relates to an adjustable seedbed ridging and film spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves, which comprises a main frame, a rear frame, soil collecting disks arranged on two sides of the main frame, two deep fertilizing devices arranged above the main frame, a rotary tillage mechanism arranged below the main frame, a three-point suspension device arranged on the main frame and positioned between the two deep fertilizing devices, a ridging and forming device arranged on the main frame and positioned behind each deep fertilizing device, a shaping and pressing structure arranged on the main frame and positioned behind the ridging and forming device, a pair of film spreading devices arranged in parallel on the rear frame, two groups of edge pressing wheel devices arranged on a rear cross beam of the rear frame, and an earthing disk arranged in the middle of a rear cross beam of the rear frame and positioned behind the edge pressing wheel devices, wherein a rear connecting plate at the bottom surface of the front end of the rear frame is connected with a main connecting plate at the rear end side surface of the main frame.
Further, plastic suppression structure is including the suppression axle, coaxial arrangement is at epaxial two sets of suppression rollers of suppression, install the first side driving plate in suppression axle one end, install the second side driving plate at the suppression axle other end, connect the regulation crossbeam between first side driving plate and second side driving plate, through U-shaped bolt fastening in the fixed subassembly of altitude mixture control in the middle of the regulation crossbeam and connect the screw regulation pole between three-point suspension and the fixed subassembly of altitude mixture control, first side driving plate and second side driving plate all articulate on the main frame through the rotation axis.
Furthermore, the spiral adjusting rod comprises an outer tube, an inner rod inserted into the outer tube, a pair of fixed ear plates and a screw rod, wherein the fixed ear plates are positioned on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube and are hinged on the three-point suspension through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod is hinged on the height adjusting fixed assembly through pin shafts; the lead screw is inserted into the outer tube until the bottom end of the lead screw is connected with the nut at the top end of the inner rod, the top end of the lead screw is connected with the crank, and the inner rod is fixed with the outer tube through the locking bolt.
Furthermore, the height adjusting and fixing assembly comprises a fixing flat plate and a pair of connecting lug plates arranged on the fixing flat plate, the fixing flat plate is fixed on the adjusting beam through a pair of U-shaped bolts, and an inner rod on the spiral adjusting rod is hinged to the pair of connecting lug plates through a connecting pin.
Further, each film paving device comprises a film hanging device and a film spreading device positioned below the film hanging device; the film hanging device comprises a pair of positioning frames welded on the rear rack, a film hanging frame arranged between the pair of positioning frames and a positioning ring arranged on the film hanging frame, and the positioning ring is used for separating the mulching films on the two film spreading devices; the film spreading structure comprises a film spreading roller, the two ends of the film spreading roller are connected with connecting plates through pin shafts, each connecting plate is connected with an adjusting plate through a pin shaft, and the upper portion of each adjusting plate penetrates through an adjusting pipe welded on the rear rack and then is locked through a bolt.
Further, the press roller is a revolving body ballast obtained by rotating a curve for one circle around the axis of the ballast shaftThe compression roller, the curve is the syllogic curve, and 1 st section is the AB straight line, and 2 nd section is the BCD parabola, and 3 rd section is the DE straight line, and its working curve corresponds the equation and is:
furthermore, the ridging forming device at the rear lower part of each deep fertilizing device comprises an upper adjusting plate and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper adjusting plate, two lead screws are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate, and the top ends of the lead screws penetrate through bolt holes of an adjusting positioning plate on a main frame cross beam and are fixed through nuts; each soil protection plate comprises an inner soil protection plate and an outer soil protection plate; the soil protection outer plate comprises a transverse adjusting plate, an adjusting mounting plate and a supporting plate, the adjusting mounting plate and the transverse adjusting plate are vertically welded, a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate to move up and down is formed above the adjusting mounting plate, one end of the supporting plate is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate, and the other end of the supporting plate is welded with the adjusting mounting plate; an upper transverse guide groove and a lower transverse guide groove are formed in the transverse adjusting plate, and a positioning bolt on the main rack penetrates through the transverse guide grooves and then is fixed through a nut; the adjusting mounting plate is provided with an upper vertical guide groove and a lower vertical guide groove, and correspondingly, the soil protection inner plate is provided with an upper transverse positioning groove and a lower transverse positioning groove.
Further, two sets of the compacting roller is the one-to-one with two ridging forming device and arranges, and every ridging forming device parcel corresponds compacting roller, and leaves the clearance around the circular surface that compacting shaft axis a week formed and the soil protection inner panel of both sides with the curved extreme point of compacting roller, and the radius of this circle is slightly littleer than the circular arc section radius of soil protection inner panel and soil protection planking.
Further, plastic suppression structure still includes transmission system, including driven sprocket and the drive sprocket who is connected with driven sprocket through the double-row chain, the one end of suppression axle links to each other with driven sprocket after passing first side driving plate, and the output shaft of central gear case passes through universal joint and links to each other with intermediate drive axle, and intermediate drive axle passes first side driving plate after to be connected with drive sprocket for transmission system's drive sprocket and driven sprocket all install at first side driving plate through the axle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-paving machine for the cigar tobacco leaves realizes the integrated operation of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film paving and film edge earthing, and meanwhile, the ridging height is adjustable, so that the requirement of a cigar tobacco leaf production area on the difference of the ridging height and the ridge body firmness is met. The seedbed preparation operation can be realized at low cost, high efficiency and high standard in the seedbed preparation stage of cigar tobacco planting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-laying machine for cigar tobacco leaves;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the rotary tillage ridging device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the ridging forming device in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the screw adjusting rod of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the height adjustment fixture assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the transmission system of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the ridge height adjusting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates the shape and parameters of the press roll curve of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the film-laying and soil-covering device in FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the operation of the film-covering and soil-covering device of the present invention.
The components in the figures are numbered as follows: <xnotran> 1 (: 1.1, 1.2, 1.3), 2, 3 (: 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5), 4, 5, 6, 7 (: 7.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.1.3, 7.1.4, 7.1.5, 7.2, 7.2.1, 7.3, 7.4), 8 (: 8.1, 8.2, 8.3), 9, 10 (: 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, U 10.4), 11 (: 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7), 12, 13 (: 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5), 14, 15, 16 (: 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, 16.4, 16.5), 17 (: 17.1, 17.2, 17.3, 17.4), 18 (: 18.1), 19, 20, 21. </xnotran>
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples so as to be understood by those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine comprises a main frame 3, a rear frame 18, soil collecting disks 4 arranged on two sides of the main frame 3, two deep fertilizing devices 16 arranged above the main frame 3, a rotary tillage mechanism 5 arranged below the main frame 3, a three-point suspension 2 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned between the two deep fertilizing devices 16, a ridging forming device 7 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned behind each deep fertilizing device 16, a shaping and pressing structure 8 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned behind the ridging forming device 7, a ploughshare-like soil cutting shovel 20 arranged on a cross beam in front of the rear frame 18, a pair of film-spreading devices 21 arranged in parallel on the rear frame 18 and positioned behind the ploughshare-like soil cutting shovel 20, two sets of edging wheel devices 19 arranged on a cross beam behind the rear frame 18, and a soil covering disk 15 arranged in the middle of a cross beam behind the rear frame 18 and positioned behind the edge wheel devices 19. The rear connecting plate 18.1 at the bottom of the front end of the rear frame 18 is connected with the main connecting plate 3.1 at the side of the rear end of the main frame 3.
As shown in fig. 2, each deep fertilizing device 16 includes a fertilizer box frame 16.4 welded on the main frame 3, a fertilizer box 16.1 fixed on the fertilizer box frame 16.4 by bolts, a deep fertilizing shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 penetratingly welded on the cross beam 3.2 of the main frame 3, and a deep fertilizing shovel 16.3 connected with the fertilizer box 16.1 by a fertilizing pipe 16.2, and a square pipe of the deep fertilizing shovel 16.3 passes through the deep fertilizing shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 and then is fixed on the deep fertilizing shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 by a clinch bolt, so that fertilizer flows down along the fertilizing pipe 16.2 and flows into a fertilizer ditch formed by the fertilizing shovel 16.3 through the fertilizing shovel 16.3.
As shown in fig. 3, the shaping and pressing structure 8 includes a pressing shaft 8.1, two sets of pressing rollers 9 coaxially installed on the pressing shaft 8.1, a first side transmission plate 8.2 installed at one end of the pressing shaft 8.1, a second side transmission plate 8.3 installed at the other end of the pressing shaft 8.1, an adjusting beam 12 connected between the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3, a height adjusting fixing component 10 fixed in the middle of the adjusting beam 12 through U-shaped bolts, a screw adjusting rod 11 connected between the three-point suspension 2 and the height adjusting fixing component 10, and a transmission system 13, wherein the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 are both hinged on the main frame 3 through a rotation shaft 14, so that the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 can rotate around the rotation shaft 14.
Aiming at the operation of conditioning the cigar tobacco planting seedbed, the section shape of the ridge body is closely related to the root growth of the cigar tobacco, and the section shape of the ridge body is determined to be arched according to the agricultural requirements and the growth characteristics of the cigar tobacco root. Therefore, the press roller 9 of the present invention is a revolving body press roller obtained by rotating a curve around the axis of the press shaft for one revolution, the curve is a three-segment curve of a straight line, a parabola and a straight line, and a rectangular coordinate system as shown in fig. 9 is established. The section 1 AB is a straight line, the section 2 BCD is a parabola, the section 3 DE is a straight line, and the corresponding equation of the working curve is as follows:
according to the agricultural requirements, the height of a ridge formed by the operation of the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for the cigar tobacco leaves is 300mm, the width of the furrow surface (the width of a ridge body corresponding to the position of 2/3 of the height of the ridge) is 400mm, the width of the ridge base is 700mm, the ridge distance is 1200mm, and the height of the ridge can be adjusted to be 270-330mm during the actual operation.
As shown in fig. 4, the ridging forming device 7 behind and below each deep fertilizing device 16 comprises an upper adjusting plate 7.3 and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper adjusting plate 7.3, two screw rods 7.4 are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate 7.3, the top ends of the screw rods 7.4 penetrate through bolt holes of adjusting positioning plates 3.4 on a cross beam 3.2 of the main frame 3 and are fixed through nuts, the up-and-down movement of the upper adjusting plate 7.3 is adjusted through rotating the nuts, and ridge height adjustment is further achieved. Each soil protection plate comprises an inner soil protection plate 7.2 and an outer soil protection plate 7.1; the soil protection outer plate 7.1 comprises a transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, an adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1 and a supporting plate 7.1.3, the adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1 and the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2 are vertically welded, a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate 7.3 to move up and down is formed above the adjusting mounting plate, one end of the supporting plate 7.1.3 is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, and the other end of the supporting plate 7.1.3 is welded with the adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1; an upper transverse guide groove 7.1.4 and a lower transverse guide groove 7.1.4 are formed in the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, and a positioning bolt 3.3 on the main frame 3 penetrates through the transverse guide grooves 7.1.4 and then is fixed through a nut, so that the soil protecting plate moves left and right, and the ridge-shaped width can be further adjusted; two vertical guide ways 7.1.5 about opening on adjusting the mounting panel 7.1.1, correspondingly, two horizontal constant head tank 7.2.1 about opening on the soil protection inner panel 7.2 to realize the soil protection inner panel 7.2 around on soil protection planking 7.1, reciprocate, further satisfy the soil protection effect of the high adjustment in-process of the operation of compression roller 9. Two sets of compression rollers 9 are the one-to-one with two ridging forming device 7 and arrange, and leave the clearance between two terminal surfaces and the soil protection inner panel 7.2 of both sides about compression roller 9 and prevent to interfere.
During operation, the soil protection inner plate 7.2 and the soil protection outer plate 7.1 advance along with the group, the sliding compaction soil carries out the suppression plastic to the compacting roller 9 below, for avoiding leaking soil, the design soil protection inner plate 7.2 and the soil protection outer plate 7.1 are the envelope formula, before 9 operation altitude mixture control of compacting roller promptly, the circular surface that its outermost end curve formed overlaps in the side view with soil protection inner plate 7.2 partially, when 9 operation altitude mixture control of compacting roller reaches the minimum, the circle that its outermost end curve formed is concentric with the circular arc section of soil protection inner plate and soil protection outer plate.
As shown in fig. 5, the screw adjusting rod 11 includes an outer tube 11.3, an inner rod 11.7 inserted into the outer tube 11.3, a pair of fixed ear plates 11.1 located on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube 11.3, and a screw rod 11.5, the fixed ear plates 11.1 are hinged on the three-point suspension 2 through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod 11.7 is hinged on the height adjusting fixing component 10 through pin shafts. The screw rod 11.5 is inserted into the outer tube 11.3 until the bottom end of the screw rod 11.5 is connected with the nut 11.6 at the top end of the inner rod 11.7, the top end of the screw rod 11.5 is connected with the crank 11.4, the spiral motion is converted into the telescopic motion by rotating the rocker 11.4, the change of the relative length of the spiral adjusting rod 11 is realized, and then the inner rod 11.7 is fixed with the outer tube 11.3 through the locking bolt 11.2.
As shown in fig. 6, the height adjusting and fixing assembly 10 includes a fixed flat plate 10.3 and a pair of engaging ear plates 10.2 disposed on the fixed flat plate 10.3, the fixed flat plate 10.3 is fixed on the adjusting beam 12 by a pair of U-shaped bolts 10.4, and an inner rod 11.7 on the screw adjusting rod 11 is hinged on the pair of engaging ear plates 10.2 by a connecting pin 10.1, so as to satisfy the relative change of the angle between the screw adjusting rod 11 and the adjusting beam 12 in the length adjusting process.
As shown in fig. 7, the transmission system 13 is connected between the central gear box 3.5 and the shaping press structure 8 on the main frame 3, and includes a driven sprocket 13.5 and a driving sprocket 13.3 connected to the driven sprocket 13.5 through a double-row chain 13.4, one end of the press shaft passes through the first side transmission plate 8.2 and then is connected to the driven sprocket 13.5, the output shaft of the central gear box 3.5 is connected to the intermediate transmission shaft 13.2 through a universal coupling 13.1, and the intermediate transmission shaft 13.2 passes through the first side transmission plate 8.2 and then is connected to the driving sprocket 13.3, so that the driving sprocket 13.3 and the driven sprocket 13.5 of the transmission system 13 are both mounted on the first side transmission plate 8.2 through a shaft, and when the first side transmission plate 8.2 rotates around the rotation shaft 14, the transmission system can also rotate around the rotation shaft 14, thereby preventing relative position change. The power of the press roller is transmitted from the central gear box 3.5, transmitted to the intermediate transmission shaft 13.2 through the universal coupling 13.1, transmitted to the driven sprocket 13.5 through the chain transmission by the driving sprocket 13.3 through the double-row chain 13.4, and further driven to rotate actively to carry out press shaping. In this embodiment, the transmission ratio of the driving sprocket 13.3 to the driven sprocket 13.5 is 7.
The working height of the two groups of compacting rollers 9 is controlled and adjusted by adjusting the length of the spiral adjusting rod 11, the cross beam 12, the first side driving plate 8.2 and the second sideThe driving plate 8.3 rotates around the rotating shaft 14, and two groups of press rollers 9 arranged between the first side driving plate 8.2 and the second side driving plate 8.3 synchronously rotate by taking the rotating shaft 14 as an axis, so that the vertical adjustment is realized. The adjustment mechanism was subjected to a simplified analysis as shown in fig. 8. Wherein the solid line is in a state before adjustment, and the two-dot chain line is in a state when adjustment is performed to the lowest point; EP and EP' are front and rear screw adjusting rods 11; PN and P 'N' are front and rear side transmission plates 8.2 and 8.3; EG is a main frame 3; g is a hinge point of the rotating shaft 14; h is a total of N The height of the press roller 9 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, each film laying device 21 comprises a film hanging device 1 and a film spreading device 17 positioned below the film hanging device 1. The film hanging device 1 comprises a pair of positioning frames 1.1 welded on the rear frame 18, a film hanging frame 1.2 arranged between the pair of positioning frames 1.1 and a positioning ring 1.3 arranged on the film hanging frame 1.2, wherein the positioning ring 1.3 is used for separating mulching films on two film spreading devices; exhibition membrane structure 17 is connected with connecting plate 17.3 through the round pin axle including exhibition membrane roller 17.4, exhibition membrane roller 17.4's both ends, and every connecting plate 17.3 is through regulating plate 17.2 of round pin hub connection, and the upper portion of every regulating plate 17.2 passes and welds behind the regulating pipe 17.1 on the after-frame 18 and lock through the bolt.
In order to ensure that the film spreading roller 17.4 can spread films along with the ridges and keep the distance from the edge pressing wheel device 19 and maintain the stable film pressing and earthing operation effect, the adjusting plate 17.2 can be adjusted up and down under the locking action of the adjusting pipe 17.1 and the bolt, and two pin connections of the connecting plate 17.3 can realize the film spreading roller 17.4 profiling film spreading operation along with the ridges.
Under the action of a share-like soil cutting shovel 20, soil at two ridge foot positions of a ridge body is cut to the outer side of an arched ridge formed by pressing and shaping; the mulching films are arranged on the two film hanging frames 1.2 in a staggered mode under the positioning effect of the positioning rings 1.3, before film paving, the mulching films are pulled out passively and are flattened onto ridge bodies through film unfolding rollers, two edges of the mulching films are pressed to the bottom of the ridge by the edge pressing wheels 19 and are tensioned towards two sides; the soil covering disc 15 is in passive rotation operation, soil in the furrows is scraped to the edge of the mulching film to complete film edge soil covering, and finally the soil in the furrows is leveled by the soil scraping plate 6.
The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-paving machine for the cigar tobacco leaves has the specific working flows that:
the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for the cigar tobacco leaves is connected with a rear suspension of a tractor through a three-point suspension, and is powered by a power output shaft (PTO) of a wheel tractor to perform one-step operation for forming two ridges. During operation, soil on two sides of the machine tool gathers towards the middle of the machine tool under the action of the two soil collecting disks; the rotary tillage mechanism cuts soil and throws the soil backwards; the fertilizer is applied to a soil layer with a specified depth through a fertilizer discharging pipe and a deep fertilizer applying shovel; after ploughing, covering the fertilizer trench with the soil under the scraping and pressing action of the ridging and forming device to form a primary ridge body; the power of the tractor PTO is transmitted to a press roller through a transmission system, and the preliminary ridge body is actively rotated and pressed to obtain a ridge body with proper flatness and firmness; soil on the bottom positions of the ridges on the two sides is pushed to the outer side under the action of a ploughshare-like soil cutting shovel, and soil quantity storage is made for the subsequent membrane edge earthing; the mulching film on the film hanging frame is pulled out passively, and edge pressing and edge earthing of the mulching film are achieved through the film spreading roller, the edge pressing wheel and the earthing disc, and finally ridge laying of the mulching film is completed.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a seedbed ridging spread membrane machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaf which characterized in that: the soil collection device comprises a main frame (3), a rear frame (18), soil collection disks (4) arranged on two sides of the main frame (3), two deep fertilizing devices (16) arranged above the main frame (3), a rotary tillage mechanism (5) arranged below the main frame (3), a three-point suspension (2) arranged on the main frame (3) and located between the two deep fertilizing devices (16), a ridging forming device (7) arranged on the main frame (3) and located behind each deep fertilizing device (16), a shaping and pressing structure (8) arranged on the main frame (3) and located behind the ridging forming device (7), a pair of film paving devices (21) arranged in parallel on the rear frame (18), two sets of edge pressing wheel devices (19) arranged on a rear cross beam of the rear frame (18) and a soil covering disk (15) arranged in the middle of the rear cross beam of the rear frame (18) and located behind the edge pressing wheel devices (19), wherein a rear connecting plate (18.1) of the bottom face of the front end of the rear frame (18) is connected with a main connecting plate (3.1) of the rear end side face of the main frame (3).
2. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: shaping suppression structure (8) are including suppressing axle (8.1), two sets of suppression roller (9) of coaxial arrangement on suppressing axle (8.1), install first side driving plate (8.2) at suppressing axle (8.1) one end, install second side driving plate (8.3) at suppressing axle (8.1) other end, connect regulation crossbeam (12) between first side driving plate (8.2) and second side driving plate (8.3), through U-shaped bolt fastening in the fixed subassembly of altitude mixture control (10) in the middle of regulation crossbeam (12) and connect spiral regulation pole (11) between three point suspension (2) and the fixed subassembly of altitude mixture control (10), first side driving plate (8.2) and second side driving plate (8.3) all articulate on main frame (3) through rotation axis (14).
3. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the solid of revolution press roll that compression roller (9) obtained for a week around the rotatory axis of the suppression axle by the curve, the curve is the syllogic curve, and the 1 st section is the AB straight line, and the 2 nd section is the BCD parabola, and the 3 rd section is the DE straight line, and its working curve corresponds the equation and is:
4. the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: connect drive system (13) between central gear case (3.5) on main frame (3) and plastic suppression structure 8 including driven sprocket (13.5) and through double-row chain (13.4) with driven sprocket (13.5) drive sprocket (13.3) be connected, the one end of suppressing the axle is passed behind first side driving plate (8.2) and is linked to each other with driven sprocket (13.5), the output shaft of central gear case (3.5) passes through universal joint (13.1) and links to each other with intermediate drive shaft (13.2), intermediate drive shaft (13.2) are passed behind first side driving plate (8.2) and are connected with drive sprocket (13.3), make drive system's (13) drive sprocket (13.3) and driven sprocket (13.5) all install at first side driving plate (8.2) through the axle.
5. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the spiral adjusting rod (11) comprises an outer tube (11.3), an inner rod (11.7) inserted into the outer tube (11.3), a pair of fixed ear plates (11.1) positioned on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube (11.3) and a lead screw (11.5), the fixed ear plates (11.1) are hinged on the three-point suspension (2) through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod (11.7) is hinged on the height adjusting fixing component (10) through the pin shafts; the screw rod (11.5) is inserted into the outer tube (11.3) until the bottom end of the screw rod (11.5) is connected with the nut (11.6) at the top end of the inner rod (11.7), the top end of the screw rod (11.5) is connected with the crank (11.4), and the inner rod (11.7) and the outer tube (11.3) are fixed through the locking bolt (11.2).
6. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the height adjusting and fixing component (10) comprises a fixing flat plate (10.3) and a pair of connecting lug plates (10.2) arranged on the fixing flat plate (10.3), the fixing flat plate (10.3) is fixed on an adjusting cross beam (12) through a pair of U-shaped bolts (10.4), and an inner rod (11.7) on a spiral adjusting rod (11) is hinged to the pair of connecting lug plates (10.2) through a connecting pin (10.1).
7. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-paving machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the ridging forming device (7) arranged below the rear part of each deep fertilizing device (16) comprises an upper adjusting plate (7.3) and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged on two sides of the upper adjusting plate (7.3), two lead screws (7.4) are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate (7.3), and the top ends of the lead screws (7.4) penetrate through bolt holes of adjusting positioning plates (3.4) on a cross beam (3.2) of the main frame (3) and are fixed through nuts; each soil protection plate comprises an inner soil protection plate (7.2) and an outer soil protection plate (7.1); the soil protection outer plate (7.1) comprises a transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), an adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1) and a supporting plate (7.1.3), the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1) and the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2) are vertically welded, a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate (7.3) to move up and down is formed above the adjusting mounting plate, one end of the supporting plate (7.1.3) is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), and the other end of the supporting plate is welded with the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1); an upper transverse guide groove and a lower transverse guide groove (7.1.4) are formed in the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), and a positioning bolt (3.3) on the main frame (3) penetrates through the transverse guide grooves (7.1.4) and then is fixed through a nut; an upper vertical guide groove (7.1.5) and a lower vertical guide groove (7.1.1) are arranged on the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1), and correspondingly, an upper transverse positioning groove (7.2.1) and a lower transverse positioning groove are arranged on the soil protection inner plate (7.2).
8. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 7, wherein: two sets of the compression roller (9) is the one-to-one with two ridging forming device (7) and arranges, and every ridging forming device (7) parcel corresponds compression roller (9), and leaves the clearance with the curved extreme point of compression roller (9) around the circular of suppression axle axis a week formation and the soil inner panel (7.2) of protecting of both sides between, and the radius ratio of this circle is slightly littleer than the circular arc section radius of protecting soil inner panel (7.2) and protecting soil planking (7.1).
9. The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each film laying device (21) comprises a film hanging device (1) and a film spreading device (17) positioned below the film hanging device (1); the film hanging device (1) comprises a pair of positioning frames (1.1) welded on the rear rack (18), a film hanging frame (1.2) arranged between the pair of positioning frames (1.1) and positioning rings (1.3) arranged on the film hanging frame (1.2), wherein the positioning rings (1.3) are used for separating mulching films on the two film paving devices; exhibition membrane structure (17) are including exhibition membrane roller (17.4), and the both ends of exhibition membrane roller (17.4) all are connected with connecting plate (17.3) through the round pin axle, and regulating plate (17.2) are connected through the round pin axle in every connecting plate (17.3), and pass through bolt locking behind regulation pipe (17.1) of welding on back frame (18) on every regulating plate (17.2) upper portion.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210794388.1A CN115280919B (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves |
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| CN202210794388.1A CN115280919B (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves |
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| CN115280919B CN115280919B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| CN115280919B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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