CN115280919B - Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115280919B CN115280919B CN202210794388.1A CN202210794388A CN115280919B CN 115280919 B CN115280919 B CN 115280919B CN 202210794388 A CN202210794388 A CN 202210794388A CN 115280919 B CN115280919 B CN 115280919B
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- main frame
- film
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- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000002633 protecting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241001002356 Valeriana edulis Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B13/00—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation
- A01B13/02—Ploughs or like machines for special purposes ; Ditch diggers, trench ploughs, forestry ploughs, ploughs for land or marsh reclamation for making or working ridges, e.g. with symmetrically arranged mouldboards, e.g. ridging plough
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable seedbed ridging and film-laying machine for cigar tobacco leaves, which comprises a main frame, a rear frame, soil collecting discs arranged on two sides of the main frame, two deep fertilization devices arranged above the main frame, a rotary tillage mechanism arranged below the main frame, a three-point suspension arranged on the main frame and positioned between the two deep fertilization devices, a ridging forming device arranged on the main frame and positioned below the rear of each deep fertilization device, a shaping pressing structure arranged on the main frame and positioned behind the ridging forming device, and a pair of parallelly arranged film-laying devices arranged on the rear frame. The integrated operation of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film spreading and film edge earthing can be realized, and meanwhile, the ridging height is adjustable, so that the difference requirements of cigar tobacco leaf producing areas on the ridging height and the ridge body firmness are met. The seedling bed preparation operation can be realized with low cost, high efficiency and high standard in the cigar tobacco planting seedling bed preparation stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery equipment, and particularly relates to an adjustable seedbed ridging and film spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves.
Background
Cigar tobacco is one of the tobacco-curing, domestic planting is mainly distributed in places such as Hubei, sichuan, hainan and the like, and the planting area of cigar tobacco in China is maintained at 300hm all the year round in 2016 years 2 The above. As a special commercial crop, the production links are more, and the working procedures of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film spreading, film edge soil covering and the like are required to be completed only in the early seedling bed preparation stage.
The rotary tillage operation can provide a soft soil environment for the root system of cigar tobacco leaves, and deep fertilization ensures that the growth of cigar tobacco leaves can be supplied with continuous nutrients. As cigar tobacco leaves are warm-loving and cold-fearing crops, the surface area of soil is increased by planting on the ridges, so that the ridge body can receive more light and heat, the ground temperature is improved, meanwhile, the film covered on the ridges further plays a role in warming, and the strong growth of the cigar tobacco leaves is ensured; the growth and development process of cigar tobacco leaves is afraid of waterlogging and drought, the planting on the ridges can preserve soil moisture and prevent drought, the inclined surfaces and furrows of the ridge bodies can also effectively drain water in rainy days, so that the influence of water accumulation on the growth of cigar tobacco leaves is avoided, meanwhile, the film mulching on the ridges can effectively reduce water evaporation, provide a soil environment with relatively stable water content for the growth of tobacco plants, further effectively relieve the effect of rainfall on fertilizer leaching in rainy seasons of Hubei province, sichuan and the like, improve the quality and yield of tobacco leaves, and therefore the ridging and film spreading operation plays a key role in the growth of cigar tobacco leaves.
At present, special agricultural tools for seedbed preparation operation of cigar tobacco leaves in production are lacking, manual operation is mainly used, meanwhile, the requirements of various planting areas on the height of ridges and the firmness of the ridges are greatly different due to different soil environments in various places, and in actual production, the related agricultural tools are adjustable in ridging height in order to meet the agricultural requirements in various places. In addition, the existing seedbed finishing machine suitable for corn and other crops is mainly aimed at the working environment of sandy loam, and a passive ridging mode is mostly adopted, so that the ridging effect is poor under the working condition of slightly sticky soil in cigar tobacco planting areas in China. Therefore, the development of an adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying device for cigar tobacco leaves, which can realize combined operation, is needed to promote the industrial and mechanical development of cigar tobacco leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the procedure of a seedling bed finishing stage for cigar tobacco planting in China is complicated, the agricultural requirements are high, the workload is high, the efficiency is low, special tools are lacking, the existing seedling bed finishing tools suitable for crops such as corn mainly aim at the working environment of sandy loam, and the passive ridging is mainly adopted, and the ridging effect is poor under the working condition of the slightly viscous soil in the cigar tobacco planting area in China, the invention provides an adjustable seedling bed ridging and film covering machine for cigar tobacco, which integrates functions of rotary tillage fertilization, active ridging, film covering and soil covering.
In order to achieve the aim, the adjustable seedbed ridging and film-laying machine for cigar tobacco leaves comprises a main frame, a rear frame, soil collecting discs arranged on two sides of the main frame, two deep fertilization devices arranged above the main frame, a rotary tillage mechanism arranged below the main frame, three-point suspensions arranged on the main frame and positioned between the two deep fertilization devices, ridging forming devices arranged on the main frame and positioned below the rear of each deep fertilization device, shaping pressing structures arranged on the main frame and positioned behind the ridging forming devices, a pair of film-laying devices arranged in parallel and arranged on the rear frame, two groups of edge pressing wheel devices arranged on a rear beam of the rear frame and soil covering discs arranged in the middle of the rear beam of the rear frame and positioned behind the edge pressing wheel devices, and a rear connecting plate at the bottom surface of the front end of the rear frame is connected with a main connecting plate at the side surface of the rear end of the main frame.
Further, plastic suppression structure includes the suppression axle, coaxial arrangement is at the epaxial two sets of suppression rollers of suppression, install at the first side drive plate of suppression axle one end, install the second side drive plate at the suppression axle other end, connect the regulation crossbeam between first side drive plate and second side drive plate, be fixed in the altitude mixture control fixed subassembly and connect the spiral regulation pole between three-point suspension and altitude mixture control fixed subassembly through U-shaped bolt in the middle of the regulation crossbeam, first side drive plate and second side drive plate all articulate on the main frame through the rotation axis.
Further, the spiral adjusting rod comprises an outer tube, an inner rod inserted into the outer tube, a pair of fixed ear plates and a second screw rod, wherein the fixed ear plates are positioned on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube and are hinged to the three-point suspension through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod is hinged to the height adjusting and fixing assembly through the pin shafts; the second lead screw is inserted into the outer tube until the bottom end of the second lead screw is connected with a nut at the top end of the inner rod, the top end of the second lead screw is connected with the crank, and the inner rod is fixed with the outer tube through the locking bolt.
Further, the height adjusting and fixing assembly comprises a fixing flat plate and a pair of connecting lug plates arranged on the fixing flat plate, the fixing flat plate is fixed on the adjusting beam through a pair of U-shaped bolts, and an inner rod on the spiral adjusting rod is hinged on the pair of connecting lug plates through a connecting pin.
Further, each film spreading device comprises a film hanging device and a film spreading device positioned below the film hanging device; the film hanging device comprises a pair of positioning frames welded on the rear frame, a film hanging frame arranged between the pair of positioning frames and a positioning ring arranged on the film hanging frame, wherein the positioning ring is used for separating mulching films on the two film laying devices; the film spreading structure comprises a film spreading roller, two ends of the film spreading roller are connected with connecting plates through pin shafts, each connecting plate is connected with an adjusting plate through a pin shaft, and the upper part of each adjusting plate penetrates through an adjusting pipe welded on the rear frame and then is locked through a bolt.
Further, the compacting roller is a revolving body compacting roller which is obtained by rotating a curve around the axis of the compacting shaft for one circle, the curve is a three-section curve, the 1 st section is an AB straight line, the 2 nd section is a BCD parabola, the 3 rd section is a DE straight line, and the corresponding equation of the working curve is:
further, the ridging forming device at the rear lower part of each deep fertilization device comprises an upper adjusting plate and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper adjusting plate, two first lead screws are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate, and the top ends of the first lead screws penetrate through bolt holes of an adjusting and positioning plate on a main frame beam and are fixed through nuts; each soil protection plate comprises a soil protection inner plate and a soil protection outer plate; the soil protection outer plate comprises a transverse adjusting plate, an adjusting mounting plate and a supporting plate, wherein the adjusting mounting plate is vertically welded with the transverse adjusting plate, a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate to move up and down is formed above the adjusting mounting plate, one end of the supporting plate is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate, and the other end of the supporting plate is welded with the adjusting mounting plate; an upper transverse guide groove and a lower transverse guide groove are formed in the transverse adjusting plate, and a positioning bolt on the main frame penetrates through the transverse guide grooves and is fixed through nuts; an upper vertical guide groove and a lower vertical guide groove are formed in the adjusting mounting plate, and an upper transverse positioning groove and a lower transverse positioning groove are correspondingly formed in the soil protection inner plate.
Further, two sets of press rollers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with two ridging forming devices, each ridging forming device wraps the corresponding press roller, a gap is reserved between a round surface formed by the end point of a curve of the press roller around the axis of the press shaft and the soil protection inner plates on two sides, and the radius of the round surface is slightly smaller than the radius of the arc sections of the soil protection inner plates and the soil protection outer plates.
Further, plastic suppression structure still includes transmission system, including driven sprocket and the driving sprocket who is connected with driven sprocket through double row chain, and the one end of suppression axle passes behind the first side drive plate and links to each other with driven sprocket, and central gear box's output shaft passes through universal joint and links to each other with intermediate drive shaft, and intermediate drive shaft passes behind the first side drive plate and is connected with driving sprocket for transmission system's driving sprocket and driven sprocket all pass through the axle and install at first side drive plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the adjustable seedbed ridging and film spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves realizes the integrated operation of rotary tillage, deep fertilization, ridging, film spreading and film edge earthing, and meanwhile, the ridging height is adjustable, so that the difference requirements of a cigar tobacco leaf producing area on the ridging height and the ridge body firmness are met. The seedling bed preparation operation can be realized with low cost, high efficiency and high standard in the cigar tobacco planting seedling bed preparation stage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole machine structure of an adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine for cigar tobacco leaves;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the rotary tillage ridging device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the ridging and forming apparatus of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the screw adjusting rod of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the height adjustment fixture assembly of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of FIG. 3;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the motion of the ridge height adjustment mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 illustrates the shape and parameters of the press roll curves according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the film laying and soil covering device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the operation of the membrane and soil covering device of the present invention.
The reference numerals of the components in the drawings are as follows: film forming apparatus 1 (wherein: positioning frame 1.1, film hanging frame 1.2, positioning ring 1.3), three-point suspension 2, main frame 3 (wherein: main connecting plate 3.1, crossbeam 3.2, positioning bolt 3.3, adjusting positioning plate 3.4, central gear box 3.5), receipts soil disc 4, rotary tillage mechanism 5, scraper blade 6, ridging shaper 7 (wherein: the fertilizer spreader comprises a soil protection outer plate 7.1, an adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1, a transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, a supporting plate 7.1.3, a transverse guide groove 7.1.4, a vertical guide groove 7.1.5, a soil protection inner plate 7.2, a transverse positioning groove 7.2.1, an upper adjusting plate 7.3, a first screw rod 7.4), a shaping press structure 8 (wherein a press shaft 8.1, a first side transmission plate 8.2 and a second side transmission plate 8.3), a press roller 9, a height adjusting fixing assembly 10 (wherein a connecting pin 10.1, a connecting lug plate 10.2, a fixing plate 10.3, a U-shaped bolt 10.4), a spiral adjusting rod 11 (wherein a fixed lug plate 11.1, a locking bolt 11.2, an outer pipe 11.3, a crank 11.4, a second screw rod 11.5, a nut 11.6, an inner rod 11.7), an adjusting beam 12, a transmission system 13 (wherein a universal coupler 13.1, an intermediate transmission shaft 13.2, a driving sprocket 13.3, a double-row chain 13.4, a chain 13.5, a driven sprocket 13.16.5, a driven sprocket 16.17, a rotating shaft 16.17, a deep-type fertilizer spreader-type film-spreading device, a carrier 17.17, a deep-type fertilizer spreader-type fertilizer-spreading device, a carrier-tube 17.1, a carrier-type carrier-frame-type carrier-frame carrier, a carrier frame carrier and a carrier frame carrier and a carrier device.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments for understanding by those skilled in the art.
The adjustable seedbed ridging and film-laying machine for cigar tobacco leaves as shown in fig. 1 comprises a main frame 3, a rear frame 18, soil collecting disks 4 arranged on two sides of the main frame 3, two deep fertilization devices 16 arranged above the main frame 3, a rotary tillage mechanism 5 arranged below the main frame 3, a three-point suspension 2 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned between the two deep fertilization devices 16, a ridging forming device 7 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned below the rear of each deep fertilization device 16, a shaping pressing structure 8 arranged on the main frame 3 and positioned behind the ridging forming device 7, a share-like soil-dividing shovel 20 arranged on a beam in front of the rear frame 18, a pair of parallel film-laying devices 21 arranged behind the share-like soil-dividing shovel 20 and arranged on the rear frame 18, two sets of edge pressing wheel devices 19 arranged on a beam behind the rear frame 18 and a soil-covering disk 15 arranged in the middle of the beam behind the rear frame 18 and positioned behind the edge pressing wheel devices 19. The rear connection plate 18.1 on the bottom surface of the front end of the rear frame 18 is connected with the main connection plate 3.1 on the side surface of the rear end of the main frame 3.
As shown in fig. 2, each deep fertilization device 16 comprises a fertilizer box frame 16.4 welded on a main frame 3, a fertilizer box 16.1 fixed on the fertilizer box frame 16.4 through bolts, a deep fertilization shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 penetrated and welded on a beam 3.2 of the main frame 3, and a deep fertilization shovel 16.3 connected with the fertilizer box 16.1 through a fertilization pipe 16.2, wherein square pipes of the deep fertilization shovel 16.3 penetrate through the deep fertilization shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 and are fixed on the deep fertilization shovel mounting sleeve 16.5 through screw bolts so as to realize that fertilizer flows down along the fertilization pipe 16.2, and flows into fertilizer furrows marked by the fertilization shovel 16.3 through the fertilization shovel 16.3.
As shown in fig. 3, the shaping compacting structure 8 comprises a compacting shaft 8.1, two groups of compacting rollers 9 coaxially mounted on the compacting shaft 8.1, a first side transmission plate 8.2 mounted at one end of the compacting shaft 8.1, a second side transmission plate 8.3 mounted at the other end of the compacting shaft 8.1, an adjusting beam 12 connected between the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3, a height adjusting fixing assembly 10 fixed in the middle of the adjusting beam 12 through a U-shaped bolt, a screw adjusting rod 11 connected between the three-point suspension 2 and the height adjusting fixing assembly 10, and a transmission system 13, wherein the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 are hinged on the main frame 3 through a rotation shaft 14, so that the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 can rotate around the rotation shaft 14.
The invention aims at the operation of preparing the cigar tobacco planting seedbed, the cross section shape of the ridge body is closely related to the growth of the cigar tobacco root system, and the cross section shape of the ridge body is determined to be arched according to the agronomic requirements and the growth characteristics of the cigar tobacco root system. Therefore, the present invention is a revolving body press roller 9 obtained by rotating a curve around the axis of the press shaft once, the curve being a straight-parabolic-straight three-stage curve, and a rectangular coordinate system as shown in fig. 9 is established. The 1 st section AB selects a straight line, the 2 nd section BCD selects a parabola, the 3 rd section DE selects a straight line, and the corresponding equation of the working curve is:
according to agronomic requirements, the height of a ridge formed by the operation of the adjustable seedbed ridging and film spreading machine for cigar tobacco leaves is 300mm, the width of a soil moisture surface (the width of a ridge body corresponding to the position of 2/3 of the height of the ridge) is 400mm, the width of a ridge base is 700mm, the distance of the ridge is 1200mm, and the height of the ridge can be adjusted to 270-330mm in actual operation.
As shown in fig. 4, the ridging forming device 7 at the rear lower part of each deep fertilizing device 16 comprises an upper adjusting plate 7.3 and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper adjusting plate 7.3, two first lead screws 7.4 are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate 7.3, the top ends of the first lead screws 7.4 penetrate through bolt holes of the adjusting and positioning plates 3.4 on the cross beam 3.2 of the main frame 3 and are fixed through nuts, and the upper adjusting plate 7.3 is adjusted to move up and down through rotating the nuts, so that ridge height adjustment is further realized. Each soil protection plate comprises a soil protection inner plate 7.2 and a soil protection outer plate 7.1; the soil-protecting outer plate 7.1 comprises a transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, an adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1 and a supporting plate 7.1.3, wherein the adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1 is vertically welded with the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2 and forms a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate 7.3 to move up and down above the transverse adjusting plate, one end of the supporting plate 7.1.3 is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2, and the other end of the supporting plate is welded with the adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1; the transverse adjusting plate 7.1.2 is provided with an upper transverse guide groove 7.1.4 and a lower transverse guide groove 7.1.4, and the positioning bolt 3.3 on the main frame 3 passes through the transverse guide groove 7.1.4 and then is fixed through a nut, so that the left-right movement of the soil protection plate is realized, and the ridge-shaped width can be further adjusted; the adjusting mounting plate 7.1.1 is provided with an upper vertical guide groove 7.1.5 and a lower vertical guide groove 7.1.5, and correspondingly, the soil protecting inner plate 7.2 is provided with an upper transverse positioning groove 7.2.1, so that the soil protecting inner plate 7.2 moves back and forth and up and down on the soil protecting outer plate 7.1, and the soil protecting effect in the operation height adjusting process of the press roller 9 is further met. The two groups of compacting rollers 9 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the two ridging forming devices 7, and gaps are reserved between the left end face and the right end face of the compacting rollers 9 and the soil protection inner plates 7.2 on the two sides to prevent interference.
During operation, protect native inner panel 7.2 and protect native planking 7.1 random access, smooth press soil carries out the suppression plastic to roller 9 below, in order to avoid leaking the soil, design protect native inner panel 7.2 and protect native planking 7.1 for envelope formula, before roller 9 operation altitude mixture control promptly, the circular face that its outer end curve formed overlaps with protect native inner panel 7.2 in the side view part, when roller 9 operation altitude mixture control to the nadir, the circle that its outer end curve formed is concentric with the circular arc section of protecting native inner panel and protecting native planking.
As shown in fig. 5, the screw adjusting rod 11 includes an outer tube 11.3, an inner rod 11.7 inserted into the outer tube 11.3, a pair of fixed lugs 11.1 positioned on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube 11.3, and a second screw rod 11.5, wherein the fixed lugs 11.1 are hinged on the three-point suspension 2 through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod 11.7 is hinged on the height adjusting and fixing assembly 10 through pin shafts. The second lead screw 11.5 is inserted into the outer tube 11.3 until the bottom end of the second lead screw 11.5 is connected with the nut 11.6 at the top end of the inner rod 11.7, the top end of the second lead screw 11.5 is connected with the crank 11.4, the spiral motion is converted into telescopic motion by rotating the rocker 11.4, the change of the relative length of the spiral adjusting rod 11 is realized, and then the inner rod 11.7 is fixed with the outer tube 11.3 through the locking bolt 11.2.
As shown in fig. 6, the height adjustment fixing assembly 10 includes a fixing plate 10.3 and a pair of connection lugs 10.2 disposed on the fixing plate 10.3, the fixing plate 10.3 is fixed on the adjustment beam 12 by a pair of U-bolts 10.4, and an inner rod 11.7 on the screw adjustment rod 11 is hinged on the pair of connection lugs 10.2 by a connection pin 10.1, so as to satisfy the relative change of the angle between the screw adjustment rod 11 and the adjustment beam 12 during the length adjustment.
As shown in fig. 7, the transmission system 13 is connected between the central gear box 3.5 on the main frame 3 and the shaping compacting structure 8, and comprises a driven sprocket 13.5 and a driving sprocket 13.3 connected with the driven sprocket 13.5 through a double-row chain 13.4, one end of the compacting shaft passes through the first side transmission plate 8.2 and then is connected with the driven sprocket 13.5, an output shaft of the central gear box 3.5 is connected with the middle transmission shaft 13.2 through a universal coupling 13.1, and the middle transmission shaft 13.2 passes through the first side transmission plate 8.2 and then is connected with the driving sprocket 13.3, so that the driving sprocket 13.3 and the driven sprocket 13.5 of the transmission system 13 are both installed on the first side transmission plate 8.2 through shafts, and when the first side transmission plate 8.2 rotates around the rotation shaft 14, the transmission system can also rotate around the rotation shaft 14 to prevent relative position change. The power of the pressing roller is transmitted from the central gear box 3.5, is transmitted to the middle transmission shaft 13.2 through the universal coupling 13.1, is transmitted to the driven sprocket 13.5 through the double chain 13.4 through the driving sprocket 13.3 through the chain transmission, and further drives the pressing roller to actively rotate for pressing and shaping. In this embodiment, the drive sprocket 13.3 and the driven sprocket 13.5 have a gear ratio of 7:18.
The operation height of the two groups of compacting rollers 9 is controlled to adjust the length of the spiral adjusting rod 11, the cross beam 12, the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 are controlled to rotate around the rotating shaft 14, and the two groups of compacting rollers 9 arranged between the first side transmission plate 8.2 and the second side transmission plate 8.3 synchronously rotate by taking the rotating shaft 14 as an axis, so that up-and-down adjustment is realized. The adjustment mechanism was subjected to a simplified analysis as shown in fig. 8. Wherein the solid line is the state before adjustment, and the double-point drawing line is the state when the two-point drawing line is adjusted to the lowest point; EP, EP' are the adjusting front and rear screw adjusting rods 11; PN and P 'N' are adjusting front and rear side transmission plates 8.2 and 8.3; EG is the main frame 3; g is the hinge point of the rotary shaft 14; h is a N The height of the compacting roller 9 is adjusted.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, each film laying device 21 includes a film hanging device 1 and a film spreading device 17 located below the film hanging device 1. The film hanging device 1 comprises a pair of positioning frames 1.1 welded on a rear frame 18, a film hanging frame 1.2 arranged between the pair of positioning frames 1.1 and a positioning ring 1.3 arranged on the film hanging frame 1.2, wherein the positioning ring 1.3 is used for separating mulching films on two film laying devices; the film spreading device 17 comprises a film spreading roller 17.4, two ends of the film spreading roller 17.4 are connected with connecting plates 17.3 through pin shafts, each connecting plate 17.3 is connected with an adjusting plate 17.2 through a pin shaft, and the upper part of each adjusting plate 17.2 passes through an adjusting pipe 17.1 welded on a rear frame 18 and is locked through bolts.
In order to ensure that the film spreading roller 17.4 can spread films along with ridges and keep the distance from the edge pressing wheel device 19, a stable film pressing and soil covering operation effect is maintained, the adjusting plate 17.2 can be adjusted up and down under the locking effect of the adjusting pipe 17.1 and the bolt, and the two pins of the connecting plate 17.3 are connected to realize the ridge-following profiling film spreading operation of the film spreading roller 17.4.
Under the action of a ploughshare-like soil dividing shovel 20, the arched ridges formed by compacting and shaping firstly divide soil at the positions of two ridge feet of the ridge body to the outer side; the mulch film is staggered on the two film hanging frames 1.2 under the positioning action of the positioning rings 1.3, the mulch film is passively pulled out before being spread and flattened on the ridge body through the film spreading roller, and the two edges of the mulch film are pressed to the ridge bottom position by the edge pressing wheel 19 and are tensioned to two sides; the soil covering disc 15 is passively rotated to scrape the soil in the furrows to the edge of the mulching film to finish the film-side soil covering, and finally the soil in the furrows is leveled by the soil scraping plate 6.
The cigar tobacco leaf adjustable seedbed ridging film laying machine comprises the following specific working procedures:
the cigar tobacco leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film spreading machine is connected with the rear suspension of the tractor through a three-point suspension, and is powered by a power output shaft (PTO) of the wheeled tractor, so that two ridges can be formed in one operation. During operation, the soil at two sides of the machine tool gathers towards the middle of the machine tool under the action of the two soil collecting discs; the rotary tillage mechanism cuts soil and throws the soil backwards; the fertilizer is applied to soil layers with specified depth through a fertilizer discharging pipe and a deep fertilization shovel bar; after tillage, the soil covers the fertilizer ditches and forms a preliminary ridge body under the scraping action of the ridging forming device; the PTO power of the tractor is transmitted to the pressing roller through the transmission system, and the preliminary ridge body is actively rotated to obtain a ridge body with proper flatness and firmness; soil at the ridge bottom positions on two sides is pushed to the outer side under the action of a ploughshare-like soil scraping shovel, so that soil is reserved for covering soil on the subsequent film edges; and the mulch film on the film hanging frame is passively pulled out, and the mulch film edge pressing and the mulch film edge covering are realized through the film spreading roller, the edge pressing wheel and the soil covering disc, so that the mulch film ridge laying is finally completed.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a seedbed ridging shop membrane machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaf which characterized in that: the device comprises a main frame (3), a rear frame (18), soil collecting discs (4) arranged on two sides of the main frame (3), two deep fertilization devices (16) arranged above the main frame (3), a rotary tillage mechanism (5) arranged below the main frame (3), a three-point suspension (2) arranged on the main frame (3) and positioned between the two deep fertilization devices (16), a ridging forming device (7) arranged on the main frame (3) and positioned behind and below each deep fertilization device (16), a shaping pressing structure (8) arranged on the main frame (3) and positioned behind the ridging forming device (7), a pair of film laying devices (21) arranged in parallel and arranged on a rear frame (18), two groups of edge pressing wheel devices (19) arranged on a rear beam of the rear frame (18), and a soil covering disc (15) arranged on the middle part of the rear beam of the rear frame (18) and positioned behind the edge pressing wheel devices (19), wherein a rear connecting plate (18.1) at the bottom of the front end of the rear frame (18) is connected with a main connecting plate (3.1) at the rear side of the main frame (3);
the shaping compacting structure (8) comprises a compacting shaft (8.1), two groups of compacting rollers (9) coaxially arranged on the compacting shaft (8.1), a first side transmission plate (8.2) arranged at one end of the compacting shaft (8.1), a second side transmission plate (8.3) arranged at the other end of the compacting shaft (8.1), an adjusting beam (12) connected between the first side transmission plate (8.2) and the second side transmission plate (8.3), a height adjusting fixing assembly (10) fixed in the middle of the adjusting beam (12) through U-shaped bolts, and a spiral adjusting rod (11) connected between the three-point suspension (2) and the height adjusting fixing assembly (10), wherein the first side transmission plate (8.2) and the second side transmission plate (8.3) are hinged on a main frame (3) through a rotating shaft (14);
the compacting roller (9) is a revolving body compacting roller which is obtained by rotating a curve around a compacting shaft axis for one circle, the curve is a three-section curve, the 1 st section is an AB straight line, the 2 nd section is a BCD parabola, the 3 rd section is a DE straight line, and the corresponding equation of the working curve is as follows:
2. the cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission system (13) between the central gear box (3.5) and the shaping compacting structure (8) on the main frame (3) comprises a driven sprocket (13.5) and a driving sprocket (13.3) connected with the driven sprocket (13.5) through a double-row chain (13.4), one end of the compacting shaft penetrates through the first side transmission plate (8.2) and then is connected with the driven sprocket (13.5), an output shaft of the central gear box (3.5) is connected with the middle transmission shaft (13.2) through a universal coupling (13.1), and the middle transmission shaft (13.2) penetrates through the first side transmission plate (8.2) and then is connected with the driving sprocket (13.3), so that the driving sprocket (13.3) and the driven sprocket (13.5) of the transmission system (13) are installed on the first side transmission plate (8.2) through shafts.
3. The cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spiral adjusting rod (11) comprises an outer tube (11.3), an inner rod (11.7) inserted into the outer tube (11.3), a pair of fixed ear plates (11.1) and a second screw rod (11.5) which are positioned on the bottom surface of the top end of the outer tube (11.3), wherein the fixed ear plates (11.1) are hinged on the three-point suspension (2) through pin shafts, and the bottom end of the inner rod (11.7) is hinged on the height adjusting and fixing assembly (10) through pin shafts; the second lead screw (11.5) is inserted into the outer tube (11.3) until the bottom end of the second lead screw (11.5) is connected with a nut (11.6) at the top end of the inner rod (11.7), the top end of the second lead screw (11.5) is connected with the crank (11.4), and the inner rod (11.7) is fixed with the outer tube (11.3) through the locking bolt (11.2).
4. The cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height-adjusting fixing assembly (10) comprises a fixing flat plate (10.3) and a pair of connecting lug plates (10.2) arranged on the fixing flat plate (10.3), wherein the fixing flat plate (10.3) is fixed on an adjusting beam (12) through a pair of U-shaped bolts (10.4), and an inner rod (11.7) on a spiral adjusting rod (11) is hinged on the pair of connecting lug plates (10.2) through a connecting pin (10.1).
5. The cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ridging forming device (7) at the rear lower part of each deep fertilizing device (16) comprises an upper adjusting plate (7.3) and soil protection plates symmetrically arranged at two sides of the upper adjusting plate (7.3), two first lead screws (7.4) are symmetrically welded on the upper adjusting plate (7.3), and the top ends of the first lead screws (7.4) penetrate through bolt holes of an adjusting and positioning plate (3.4) on a cross beam (3.2) of the main frame (3) and are fixed through nuts; each soil protection plate comprises a soil protection inner plate (7.2) and a soil protection outer plate (7.1); the soil protection outer plate (7.1) comprises a transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), an adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1) and a supporting plate (7.1.3), wherein the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1) is vertically welded with the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2) and forms a guide clamping groove for the upper adjusting plate (7.3) to move up and down above the transverse adjusting plate, one end of the supporting plate (7.1.3) is welded at the bottom of the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), and the other end of the supporting plate is welded with the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1); an upper transverse guide groove (7.1.4) and a lower transverse guide groove (7.1.4) are formed in the transverse adjusting plate (7.1.2), and a positioning bolt (3.3) on the main frame (3) penetrates through the transverse guide grooves (7.1.4) and is fixed through a nut; an upper vertical guide groove (7.1.5) and a lower vertical guide groove (7.1.5) are formed in the adjusting mounting plate (7.1.1), and correspondingly, an upper transverse positioning groove and a lower transverse positioning groove (7.2.1) are formed in the soil protection inner plate (7.2).
6. The cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine of claim 5, wherein: two sets of roller (9) are one-to-one with two ridging shaper (7) and arrange, every ridging shaper (7) parcel roller (9) that corresponds, and with roller (9) curved terminal point around roller axis a week form round with both sides protect between soil inner panel (7.2) keep the clearance, and the radius of this circle is slightly less than the circular arc section radius of protecting soil inner panel (7.2) and protecting soil planking (7.1).
7. The cigar leaf adjustable seedbed ridging and film laying machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each film spreading device (21) comprises a film hanging device (1) and a film spreading device (17) positioned below the film hanging device (1); the film hanging device (1) comprises a pair of positioning frames (1.1) welded on a rear frame (18), a film hanging frame (1.2) arranged between the pair of positioning frames (1.1) and a positioning ring (1.3) arranged on the film hanging frame (1.2), wherein the positioning ring (1.3) is used for separating mulching films on two film laying devices; the film spreading device (17) comprises film spreading rollers (17.4), two ends of each film spreading roller (17.4) are connected with the corresponding connecting plate (17.3) through pin shafts, each connecting plate (17.3) is connected with one adjusting plate (17.2) through pin shafts, and the upper part of each adjusting plate (17.2) penetrates through an adjusting tube (17.1) welded on the rear frame (18) and then is locked through bolts.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210794388.1A CN115280919B (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves |
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| CN202210794388.1A CN115280919B (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves |
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| CN115280919B true CN115280919B (en) | 2024-03-19 |
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| CN115280919A (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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