CN107750490B - Soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine - Google Patents
Soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN107750490B CN107750490B CN201711193101.5A CN201711193101A CN107750490B CN 107750490 B CN107750490 B CN 107750490B CN 201711193101 A CN201711193101 A CN 201711193101A CN 107750490 B CN107750490 B CN 107750490B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002489 tectorial membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001233957 eudicotyledons Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine for soil preparation and profiling cotton, which comprises a frame, and a suspension bracket, a rotary tillage mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a soil preparation pressing mechanism, a co-position profiling seeding pressing mechanism, a film covering mechanism and a film covering mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the frame, wherein all procedures from soil leveling to cotton seeding and film covering can be completed by one-time ground entering, and the ground entering times and the operation cost of the machine are reduced; the co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism is designed, so that co-located profiling of cotton sowing is realized, the defects of advanced profiling and delayed profiling commonly existing in a cotton sowing machine are overcome, the consistency of the sowing depth of cotton is ensured, and the emergence rate of cotton is improved; the electric air suction type seed sowing device is adopted to realize single cotton seed precision sowing, save cotton seeds, reduce labor cost, increase operation speed and improve production efficiency; the two-stage transmission mode is adopted, so that a transmission system of the seeder is simplified, and the transmission is more reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sowing, in particular to a single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine for soil preparation co-located profiling cotton.
Background
Because cotton is dicotyledon, the seedling emergence and soil ejection capability is poor, the sowing quality of cotton can be affected by factors such as land flatness, sowing depth uniformity, hole number and the like. At present, cotton farmers in China generally carry out rotary tillage and leveling operations on plots before cotton sowing, and then carry out cotton sowing operations by using a sowing machine, so that the operation mode increases the number of times of entering the soil of machines, not only increases the operation cost, but also compacts the soil, and reduces the air permeability of the soil; at present, the position of a profiling wheel of a cotton film-covered seeder in China is generally provided with two configuration modes, one is that the profiling wheel is arranged in front of a furrow opener, the disadvantage of profiling in advance exists in operation, the other is that the profiling wheel is arranged behind the furrow opener, the disadvantage of profiling is delayed in operation, and the sowing quality of cotton is influenced by the two configuration modes due to higher requirement of cotton on sowing quality; the cotton film-covered seeder in China mostly adopts grooved wheel type drill seeding in the aspect of seed metering devices, and a small number adopts spoon wheels, 2-4 seeds are adopted in each hole, and manual seedling fixing is still needed; in the aspect of transmission, three-stage transmission is mostly adopted, the last stage adopts chain transmission, a tensioning part is required to be arranged, or a telescopic transmission rod part is adopted by bevel gear transmission, a transmission system is complex, the operation is carried out on uneven ground, the length of a chain is continuously changed during single profiling, the problems of chain dropping and the like are easily caused, the transmission is unreliable, and the cotton sowing quality is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine for soil preparation and apposition profiling cotton, so as to solve the problems in the prior art, finish a plurality of working procedures once entering the soil, and reduce the times of entering the soil of the machine; the co-located profiling of cotton sowing is realized, and the sowing quality is improved; simplifying the transmission system of the seeder and ensuring more reliable transmission.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine for soil preparation and apposition profiling cotton, which comprises a frame, and a suspension bracket, a rotary tillage mechanism, an apposition profiling sowing compacting mechanism and a film covering mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the frame;
the frame comprises a frame main body, a front cross beam, a middle cross beam, an upper cross beam and two short longitudinal beams, wherein two ends of the front cross beam and the middle cross beam are provided with two side plates, two ends of the upper cross beam are provided with two upright posts, the short longitudinal beams are connected with the middle cross beam and the upright posts, the upright posts are connected with the upper cross beam and the frame main body, and the suspension bracket is fixedly arranged on the front cross beam;
the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage cutter shaft, rotary tillage curved blades and a gearbox, a gearbox fixing plate is arranged between the front cross beam and the middle cross beam, the gearbox is arranged on the gearbox fixing plate, the rotary tillage cutter shaft is arranged on the side plate, the rotary tillage curved blades are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the rotary tillage cutter shaft, and the upper end of the suspension bracket is connected with the upper end of the gearbox through a bracket pull rod;
the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism is arranged on the upper cross beam, the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener through a longitudinal supporting rod, the front end of the sowing furrow opener is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener, the rear end of the sowing furrow opener is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft assembly through a sowing device connecting plate, the transmission shaft assembly is fixedly connected with the pressing wheel assembly through a pressing wheel connecting bracket, and the transmission shaft assembly is movably connected with the co-position profiling and sowing transmission ground wheel assembly;
the film covering mechanism comprises a side film ditching disc, a film spreading roller, a side film earthing disc, a side film pressing wheel connecting rod and a film support, wherein the side film ditching disc is rotationally adjusted with the frame main body, the side film earthing disc is movably connected with the frame main body through a connecting pull rod, the film spreading roller is movably connected with the frame main body through the connecting pull rod, two ends of the side film pressing wheel connecting rod are fixedly connected with the frame main body, the side film pressing wheel is movably connected with the side film pressing wheel connecting rod through the connecting pull rod, and the film support is fixedly installed on the frame main body.
Optionally, the transmission shaft assembly includes transmission shaft, transmission shaft sleeve pipe, interior six arris bearing frame and gap bridge sprocket, transmission shaft sleeve pipe both ends are equipped with respectively interior six arris bearing frame.
Optionally, the drive ground wheel assembly of homotopic profile modeling and seed metering includes homotopic profile modeling and seed metering drive ground wheel, drive ground wheel axle, drive ground wheel arm, profile modeling wheel adjusting screw and regulating handwheel, drive ground wheel arm one end both sides are equipped with six arris bearing frames in respectively, and with drive ground wheel axle swing joint, drive ground wheel arm other end both sides are equipped with six arris bearing frames in respectively, and with transmission shaft swing joint, profile modeling wheel adjusting screw one end is equipped with regulating handwheel, the other end with drive ground wheel arm swing joint.
Optionally, the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively provided with the bridging sprocket, the bridging sprocket at one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the sprocket of the seed metering device through a chain, and the bridging sprocket at the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the sprocket on the transmission land axle through a chain.
Optionally, the co-located profiling seeding compacting mechanism further comprises a transmission land wheel adjusting bracket, one end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket is movably connected with the profiling wheel adjusting screw rod through a rotating connecting block, and the other end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft sleeve.
Optionally, the vertical center line of the co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel coincides with the vertical center line of the rectangular pipe of the seeding furrow opener; the distance between the rear surface of the front vertical rod of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism and the front surface of the rectangular pipe of the sowing furrow opener is 10mm.
Optionally, the press wheel assembly comprises a press wheel, a press wheel shaft, a press wheel spring support, a vertical wheel fork and an oblique wheel fork, wherein the press wheel spring support comprises a press wheel adjusting screw rod and a spring arranged on the press wheel adjusting screw rod, the upper end of the press wheel adjusting screw rod penetrates through a round hole on the press wheel connecting support and is provided with a nut, and the lower end of the press wheel adjusting screw rod is movably connected with the vertical wheel fork through a press wheel connecting pin; the upper end of the vertical wheel fork is movably connected with the lower end of the pressing wheel adjusting screw rod, and the lower end of the vertical wheel fork is movably connected with the pressing wheel shaft; one end of the oblique wheel fork is movably connected with the connecting plate of the seed sowing device, and the other end of the oblique wheel fork is movably connected with the pressing wheel shaft.
Optionally, the combined machine further comprises a fertilizer mechanism and a soil preparation pressing mechanism, wherein the fertilizer mechanism comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer device and a fertilizer furrow opener, the fertilizer box is arranged at the upper end of the side plate, the fertilizer device is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer furrow opener is fixedly arranged on the middle cross beam, and the fertilizer box is communicated with the fertilizer furrow opener through a fertilizer conveying pipe;
the soil preparation press mechanism includes soil preparation press wheel, soil preparation press wheel axle, adjusts the swing arm, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw, the soil preparation press wheel with soil preparation press wheel axle fixed connection, it is equipped with the bearing to adjust the swing arm middle part, the bearing with soil preparation press wheel axle rotates to be connected, well crossbeam lower part is equipped with the connecting plate, adjust swing arm one end with the connecting plate passes through double row chain wheel axle swing joint, and the other end is equipped with the scraper support, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw and passes the middle part of short longeron to with nut screw adjustment, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw upper end and is equipped with adjusting handle, the lower extreme with adjust swing arm swing joint.
Optionally, a double-row chain wheel is arranged on the double-row chain wheel shaft, one chain wheel of the double-row chain wheel is connected with the fertilizer distributor chain wheel through a chain, and the other chain wheel is connected with the chain wheel on the soil preparation press wheel shaft through a chain.
Optionally, the combined operation machine still includes the membrane earthing mechanism, the membrane earthing mechanism includes earthing cylinder, earthing support, earthing disc, the earthing support with frame main part swing joint, earthing cylinder both ends are equipped with earthing cylinder support, earthing cylinder support with earthing support fixed connection, the earthing disc with frame main part is through connecting pull rod swing joint, earthing cylinder both ends outer circumference is equipped with a plurality of grippers respectively, and earthing cylinder inside is equipped with a plurality of guide plates that are the heliciform, is equipped with two hourglass soil mouths on the earthing cylinder body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the soil preparation and coordination profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing combined machine comprises a rotary tillage mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a soil preparation and pressing mechanism, a coordination profiling sowing and pressing mechanism, a film covering mechanism and a film upper soil covering mechanism, and can finish all procedures from soil leveling to cotton sowing and film covering by one-time soil feeding, so that the time of soil feeding and the operation cost of the machine are reduced; the co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism is designed, so that co-located profiling of cotton sowing is realized, the defects of advanced profiling and delayed profiling commonly existing in a cotton sowing machine are overcome, the consistency of the sowing depth of cotton is ensured, and the emergence rate of cotton is improved; the electric air suction type seed sowing device is adopted to realize single cotton seed precision sowing, save cotton seeds, reduce labor cost, increase operation speed and improve production efficiency; the two-stage transmission mode is adopted, so that a transmission system of the seeder is simplified, and the transmission is more reliable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing combined machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing combined machine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the soil preparation press mechanism of the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing combined machine;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a co-located profiling seeding compacting mechanism of the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding combined machine;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a co-located profiling seeding and compacting mechanism of the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding combined machine of the present invention;
wherein 1 frame, 101 frame body, 102 front beam, 103 middle beam, 104 upper beam, 105 short longitudinal beam, 106 upright post, 2 side plate, 3 rotary tillage cutter shaft, 4 rotary tillage bent blade, 5 gear box, 6 gear box fixing plate, 7 fertilizer box, 8 fertilizer distributor, 9 fertilizer furrow opener, 10 soil preparation press wheel, 11 soil preparation press wheel shaft, 12 adjusting swing arm, 13 soil preparation press wheel adjusting screw rod, 14 bearing, 15 connecting plate, 16 double row chain wheel shaft, 17 scraper support, 18 adjusting hand wheel, 19 seed box, 20 seed sowing device, 21 parallel four-bar profiling mechanism, 22 seed sowing furrow opener, 23 longitudinal support rod, 24 seed sowing device connecting plate, 25 press wheel connecting support, 26 side film furrow disc, 27 film spreading roller, 28 side film soil covering disc, 29 side film pressing film wheel, the device comprises a 30-edge film pressing wheel connecting rod, a 31-edge film support, a 32-edge soil covering roller, a 33-edge soil covering support, a 34-edge soil covering disc, a 35-edge soil covering roller support, a 36-gripper, a 37-edge soil guiding plate, a 38-soil leakage opening, a 39-edge transmission shaft, a 40-transmission shaft sleeve, a 41-edge bearing seat, a 42-edge bridge sprocket, a 43-edge profiling and seeding transmission land wheel, a 44-transmission land wheel shaft, a 45-transmission land wheel arm, a 46-profiling wheel adjusting screw, a 47-adjusting hand wheel, a 48-transmission land wheel adjusting support, a 49-rotation connecting block, a 50-pinch roller, a 51-pinch wheel shaft, a 52-vertical wheel fork, a 53-diagonal wheel fork, a 54-pinch wheel adjusting screw, a 55 spring, a 56-pinch wheel connecting pin, a 57-row sprocket, a 58-fertilizer distributor sprocket, a 59-soil scraper wheel shaft sprocket, a 60-scraper, a 61-suspension support and a 62-support pull rod.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine for soil preparation co-located profiling cotton, which solves the problems existing in the prior art, reduces the time and the operation cost of the machine, realizes co-located profiling of cotton seeding, solves the common defects of advanced profiling and delayed profiling of the cotton seeder, ensures the consistency of the seeding depth of cotton and improves the seeding quality of cotton.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
1-5, wherein FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a cotton planter capable of realizing co-located profiling according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a cotton planter of the present invention capable of performing co-located profiling; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a soil preparation press mechanism of a cotton planter of the present invention capable of implementing co-located profiling; FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a coordinated profiling seeding and compacting mechanism of a cotton planter capable of achieving coordinated profiling in accordance with the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic top view of a co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism of a cotton planter capable of achieving co-located profiling in accordance with the present invention.
1-5, the invention provides a single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine for soil preparation and profiling cotton, which comprises a frame 1, and a suspension bracket 61, a rotary tillage mechanism, a fertilizing mechanism, a soil preparation pressing mechanism, a parity profiling sowing pressing mechanism, a film covering mechanism and a film covering mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the frame 1;
the frame 1 comprises a frame main body 101, a front beam 102, a middle beam 103, an upper beam 104 and two short longitudinal beams 105, wherein two ends of the front beam 102 and the middle beam 103 are provided with two side plates 2, two ends of the upper beam 104 are provided with two upright posts 106, the short longitudinal beams 105 are connected with the middle beam 103 and the upright posts 106, the upright posts 106 are connected with the upper beam 104 and the frame main body 101, and the suspension bracket 61 is fixedly arranged on the front beam 102;
the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage cutter shaft 3, rotary tillage curved blades 4 and a gearbox 5, a gearbox fixing plate 6 is arranged between a front beam 102 and a middle beam 103, the gearbox 5 is arranged on the gearbox fixing plate 6, the rotary tillage cutter shaft 3 is arranged on a side plate 2, the rotary tillage curved blades 4 are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the rotary tillage cutter shaft 3, and the upper end of a suspension bracket 61 is connected with the upper end of the gearbox 5 through a bracket pull rod 62;
the fertilizer mechanism comprises a fertilizer box 7, a fertilizer distributor 8 and a fertilizer furrow opener 9, wherein the fertilizer box 7 is arranged at the upper end of the side plate 2, the fertilizer distributor 8 is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box 7, the fertilizer furrow opener 9 is fixedly arranged on the middle cross beam 103, and the fertilizer box 7 is communicated with the fertilizer furrow opener 9 through a fertilizer conveying pipe;
the soil preparation press mechanism comprises a soil preparation press wheel 10, a soil preparation press wheel shaft 11, an adjusting swing arm 12 and a soil preparation press wheel adjusting screw rod 13, wherein the soil preparation press wheel 10 is fixedly connected with the soil preparation press wheel shaft 11, a bearing 14 is arranged in the middle of the adjusting swing arm 12, the bearing 14 is rotationally connected with the soil preparation press wheel shaft 11, a connecting plate 15 is arranged at the lower part of a middle cross beam 103, one end of the adjusting swing arm 12 is movably connected with the connecting plate 15 through a double-row chain wheel shaft 16, the other end of the adjusting swing arm is provided with a scraper bracket 17, a scraper 60 is mounted on the scraper bracket 17 through bolt connection, the soil preparation press wheel adjusting screw rod 13 passes through the middle part of a short longitudinal beam 105 and is adjusted through nut threads, an adjusting hand wheel 18 is arranged at the upper end of the soil preparation press wheel adjusting screw rod 13, and the lower end of the adjusting swing arm 12 is movably connected with the adjusting swing arm 12; the double-row sprocket shaft 16 is provided with double-row sprockets 57, one sprocket of the double-row sprockets 57 is connected with a fertilizer distributor sprocket 58 through a chain, and the other sprocket is connected with a soil preparation press wheel shaft sprocket 59 through a chain.
The parity profiling sowing compacting mechanism comprises a seed box 19, a seed sowing device 20, a parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 21, a sowing furrow opener 22, a parity profiling and sowing transmission land wheel assembly, a transmission shaft assembly and a compacting wheel assembly, wherein the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 21 is arranged on an upper cross beam 104, the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 21 is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener 22 through a longitudinal supporting rod 23, the front end of the seed sowing device 20 is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener 22, the rear end of the seed sowing device is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft assembly through a seed sowing device connecting plate 24, the transmission shaft assembly is fixedly connected with the compacting wheel 50 assembly through a compacting wheel connecting bracket 25, and the transmission shaft assembly is movably connected with the parity profiling and sowing transmission land wheel assembly; the seed metering device 20 is an electric air suction type seed metering device, so that single cotton seed precision sowing can be realized, cotton seeds are saved, labor cost is reduced, meanwhile, the operation speed can be increased, and the production efficiency is improved.
The transmission shaft assembly comprises a transmission shaft 39, a transmission shaft sleeve 40, inner six-edge bearing seats 41 and a bridge sprocket 42, wherein the inner six-edge bearing seats 41 are respectively arranged at two ends of the transmission shaft sleeve 40.
The co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel assembly comprises a co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel 43, a transmission land wheel shaft 44, a transmission land wheel arm 45, a profiling wheel adjusting screw rod 46 and an adjusting hand wheel 47, wherein inner six-edge bearing seats 41 are respectively arranged on two sides of one end of the transmission land wheel arm 45 and are movably connected with the transmission land wheel shaft 44, inner six-edge bearing seats 41 are respectively arranged on two sides of the other end of the transmission land wheel arm 45 and are movably connected with a transmission shaft 39, one end of the profiling wheel adjusting screw rod 46 is provided with the adjusting hand wheel 47, and the other end of the profiling wheel adjusting screw rod is movably connected with the transmission land wheel arm 45.
The two ends of the transmission shaft 39 are respectively provided with a bridging sprocket 42, the bridging sprocket 42 at one end of the transmission shaft 39 is connected with the sprocket of the seed metering device 20 through a chain, and the bridging sprocket 42 at the other end of the transmission shaft 39 is connected with the sprocket on the transmission land axle 44 through a chain.
The co-located profiling seeding compacting mechanism also comprises a transmission land wheel adjusting bracket 48, one end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket 48 is movably connected with the profiling wheel adjusting screw rod 46 through a rotating connecting block 49, and the other end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft sleeve 40.
The vertical center line of the co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel 43 coincides with the vertical center line of the rectangular pipe of the sowing furrow opener 22, and the vertical center line coincides, so that the actions of the sowing furrow opener 22 and the co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel 43 can be synchronous, when the co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel 43 goes up a slope, the sowing furrow opener 22 can simultaneously perform ditching on the slope, and when the co-located profiling and seeding transmission land wheel 43 goes down the slope, the sowing furrow opener 22 can perform ditching on the slope simultaneously, the defect of profiling in advance or profiling lagging is avoided, and the function of co-located profiling is realized. The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The distance between the rear surface of the front vertical rod of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 21 and the front surface of the rectangular pipe of the sowing furrow opener 22 is 10mm, and the distance is 10mm, so that a certain profiling range of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism 21 is provided, when the profiling range is over 10mm, the rear surface of the front vertical rod can be contacted with the front surface of the rectangular pipe, the profiling change is prevented from being over-large, and the limiting effect is achieved.
The press wheel assembly comprises a press wheel 50, a press wheel shaft 51, a press wheel spring support, a vertical wheel fork 52 and an oblique wheel fork 53, wherein the press wheel spring support comprises a press wheel adjusting screw 54 and a spring 55 arranged on the press wheel adjusting screw 54, the upper end of the press wheel adjusting screw 54 penetrates through a round hole on the press wheel connecting support 25 and is provided with a nut, and the lower end of the press wheel adjusting screw is movably connected with the vertical wheel fork 52 through a press wheel connecting pin 56; the upper end of the vertical wheel fork 52 is movably connected with the lower end of the press wheel adjusting screw rod 54, and the lower end of the vertical wheel fork is movably connected with the press wheel shaft 51; one end of the oblique fork 53 is movably connected with the seed metering device connecting plate 24, and the other end is movably connected with the pressing wheel shaft 51.
The film covering mechanism comprises a side film ditching disc 26, a film spreading roller 27, a side film soil covering disc 28, a side film pressing wheel 29, a side film pressing wheel connecting rod 30 and a film support 31, wherein the side film ditching disc 26 and the frame main body 101 are rotatably adjusted, the side film soil covering disc 28 and the frame main body 101 are movably connected through a connecting pull rod, the film spreading roller 27 and the frame main body 101 are movably connected through the connecting pull rod, two ends of the side film pressing wheel connecting rod 30 are fixedly connected with the frame main body 101, the side film pressing wheel 29 and the side film pressing wheel connecting rod 30 are movably connected through the connecting pull rod, and the film support 31 is fixedly arranged on the frame main body 101.
The on-film earthing mechanism comprises an earthing roller 32, an earthing bracket 33 and an earthing disc 34, wherein the earthing bracket 33 is movably connected with a frame main body 101, earthing roller supports 35 are arranged at two ends of the earthing roller 32, the earthing roller supports 35 are fixedly connected with the earthing bracket 33, the earthing disc 34 is movably connected with the frame main body 101 through a connecting pull rod, a plurality of grippers 36 are respectively arranged on the outer circumferences of the two ends of the earthing roller 32, a plurality of spiral earth guide plates 37 are arranged inside the earthing roller 32, and two earth leakage openings 38 are formed in the cylinder body of the earthing roller 32.
The invention relates to the use, principle and function of each mechanism in a soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing combined machine, which are as follows:
the combined operation machine can complete the working procedures of rotary tillage soil breaking, soil preparation and compaction, side deep fertilization, parity profiling, precision seeding, seedbed compaction, wide film covering, post-film soil covering and the like once entering the ground, and realizes combined operation. 1. The suspension bracket 61 is connected with the tractor in a three-point suspension way; 2. the rotary tillage mechanism carries out rotary tillage operation on the land, the soil blocks which are screwed out by the rotary tillage curved blades 4 form a certain angle with the ground surface, the soil blocks just collide on the soil preparation compacting wheel 10, the soil blocks are crushed, a layer of fine crushed soil layer is formed on the ground surface, and then the soil blocks are compacted by the soil preparation compacting wheel 10; 3. the fertilizing mechanism carries out side deep fertilization; 4. the co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism realizes co-located profiling and sowing compacting; 5. the film covering mechanism performs cotton sowing and film covering operation;
the design of rotary tillage mechanism and soil preparation press mechanism: the cotton sowing has strict requirements on the fine crushing of soil on the ground surface, the soil is about to be solid and deficient downwards, when the rotary tillage mechanism of the sowing machine works, the soil blocks screwed out by the rotary tillage curved blades 4 form a certain angle with the ground surface, the soil blocks just collide on the soil preparation press wheel to crush the soil blocks, a layer of fine crushed soil layer is formed on the ground surface, and then the soil is pressed by the soil preparation press wheel 10, so that the agricultural requirements of the soil to be solid and deficient downwards of the cotton sowing are met, and the soil preparation press wheel 10 is also a rotary tillage depth adjusting wheel.
Design of the co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism: the electric air suction type seed metering device can realize single-grain precision seeding of cotton, and meanwhile, the operation speed can be improved, the mechanism is designed according to the structural characteristics of the electric air suction type seed metering device, the structure is compact, the position of the seed metering device 20 is low, low-level seed metering of cotton can be realized, and the consistency of seed sowing plant spacing is ensured; the co-located profiling and seed metering transmission land wheel 43 is not only a profiling wheel but also a transmission land wheel of the electric air suction type seed metering device, is driven by two-level concentric circles, is more reliable in transmission, and ensures the consistency of sowing depth by adjusting the co-located profiling and seed metering transmission land wheel 43.
According to experiments, if weeds, stubbles, cotton stalks and other sundries are encountered, the soil entering angle of the disc furrow opener is an obtuse angle, the soil entering performance is poor, the uniformity of the ditching depth cannot be guaranteed, the soil entering angle of the pointed furrow opener adopted by the co-located profiling sowing compacting mechanism is an acute angle, the soil entering performance is good, the weeds, stubbles, cotton stalks and other sundries can be separated to two sides of a seed ditch, and the uniformity of the sowing depth is guaranteed.
The design of the pressing wheel assembly: the pressure of the press wheel to the ground is regulated by the expansion and contraction of the spring, and the press wheel is floating press.
It should be noted that, the positional connection relation of the above components in the present invention is not limited, and it is only obvious that single or partial components are added or deleted or changed as long as the basic principle of the present invention is the same, and the present invention also falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A soil preparation apposition profile modeling cotton single grain precision sowing tectorial membrane combine, its characterized in that: comprises a frame, a suspension bracket, a rotary tillage mechanism, an orthotopic profiling sowing compacting mechanism and a film covering mechanism which are sequentially arranged on the frame;
the frame comprises a frame main body, a front cross beam, a middle cross beam, an upper cross beam and two short longitudinal beams, wherein two ends of the front cross beam and the middle cross beam are provided with two side plates, two ends of the upper cross beam are provided with two upright posts, the short longitudinal beams are connected with the middle cross beam and the upright posts, the upright posts are connected with the upper cross beam and the frame main body, and the suspension bracket is fixedly arranged on the front cross beam;
the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a rotary tillage cutter shaft, rotary tillage curved blades and a gearbox, a gearbox fixing plate is arranged between the front cross beam and the middle cross beam, the gearbox is arranged on the gearbox fixing plate, the rotary tillage cutter shaft is arranged on the side plate, the rotary tillage curved blades are uniformly distributed on the outer circle of the rotary tillage cutter shaft, and the upper end of the suspension bracket is connected with the upper end of the gearbox through a bracket pull rod;
the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism is arranged on the upper cross beam, the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener through a longitudinal supporting rod, the front end of the sowing furrow opener is fixedly connected with the sowing furrow opener, the rear end of the sowing furrow opener is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft assembly through a sowing device connecting plate, the transmission shaft assembly is fixedly connected with the pressing wheel assembly through a pressing wheel connecting bracket, and the transmission shaft assembly is movably connected with the co-position profiling and sowing transmission ground wheel assembly;
the film covering mechanism comprises a side film ditching disc, a film spreading roller, a side film earthing disc, a side film pressing wheel connecting rod and a film support, wherein the side film ditching disc is rotationally adjusted with the frame main body, the side film earthing disc is movably connected with the frame main body through a connecting pull rod, the film spreading roller is movably connected with the frame main body through the connecting pull rod, two ends of the side film pressing wheel connecting rod are fixedly connected with the frame main body, the side film pressing wheel is movably connected with the side film pressing wheel connecting rod through the connecting pull rod, and the film support is fixedly installed on the frame main body.
2. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the transmission shaft assembly comprises a transmission shaft, a transmission shaft sleeve, an inner six-edge bearing seat and a gap bridge sprocket, wherein the two ends of the transmission shaft sleeve are respectively provided with the inner six-edge bearing seat.
3. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the co-position profiling and seeding transmission land wheel assembly comprises a co-position profiling and seeding transmission land wheel, a transmission land wheel shaft, a transmission land wheel arm, a profiling wheel adjusting screw and an adjusting hand wheel, wherein inner six-edge bearing seats are respectively arranged on two sides of one end of the transmission land wheel arm and are movably connected with the transmission land wheel shaft, inner six-edge bearing seats are respectively arranged on two sides of the other end of the transmission land wheel arm and are movably connected with the transmission shaft, one end of the profiling wheel adjusting screw is provided with the adjusting hand wheel, and the other end of the profiling wheel adjusting screw is movably connected with the transmission land wheel arm.
4. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 3, wherein the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine is characterized in that: the two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively provided with the bridging chain wheels, the bridging chain wheels at one end of the transmission shaft are connected with the chain wheels of the seed sowing device through chains, and the bridging chain wheels at the other end of the transmission shaft are connected with the chain wheels on the transmission land wheel shaft through chains.
5. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 3, wherein the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine is characterized in that: the co-located profiling seeding compacting mechanism further comprises a transmission land wheel adjusting bracket, one end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket is movably connected with the profiling wheel adjusting screw rod through a rotating connecting block, and the other end of the transmission land wheel adjusting bracket is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft sleeve.
6. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 3, wherein the soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine is characterized in that: the vertical center line of the co-located profiling and seed metering transmission land wheel is overlapped with the vertical center line of the rectangular pipe of the sowing furrow opener; the distance between the rear surface of the front vertical rod of the parallel four-bar profiling mechanism and the front surface of the rectangular pipe of the sowing furrow opener is 10mm.
7. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pressing wheel assembly comprises a pressing wheel, a pressing wheel shaft, a pressing wheel spring support, a vertical wheel fork and an oblique wheel fork, wherein the pressing wheel spring support comprises a pressing wheel adjusting screw rod and a spring arranged on the pressing wheel adjusting screw rod, the upper end of the pressing wheel adjusting screw rod penetrates through a round hole in the pressing wheel connecting support and is provided with a nut, and the lower end of the pressing wheel adjusting screw rod is movably connected with the vertical wheel fork through a pressing wheel connecting pin; the upper end of the vertical wheel fork is movably connected with the lower end of the pressing wheel adjusting screw rod, and the lower end of the vertical wheel fork is movably connected with the pressing wheel shaft; one end of the oblique wheel fork is movably connected with the connecting plate of the seed sowing device, and the other end of the oblique wheel fork is movably connected with the pressing wheel shaft.
8. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the combined operation machine further comprises a fertilizer application mechanism and a soil preparation pressing mechanism, wherein the fertilizer application mechanism comprises a fertilizer box, a fertilizer applicator and a fertilizer furrow opener, the fertilizer box is arranged at the upper end of the side plate, the fertilizer applicator is arranged at the bottom of the fertilizer box, the fertilizer furrow opener is fixedly arranged on the middle cross beam, and the fertilizer box is communicated with the fertilizer furrow opener through a fertilizer conveying pipe;
the soil preparation press mechanism includes soil preparation press wheel, soil preparation press wheel axle, adjusts the swing arm, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw, the soil preparation press wheel with soil preparation press wheel axle fixed connection, it is equipped with the bearing to adjust the swing arm middle part, the bearing with soil preparation press wheel axle rotates to be connected, well crossbeam lower part is equipped with the connecting plate, adjust swing arm one end with the connecting plate passes through double row chain wheel axle swing joint, and the other end is equipped with the scraper support, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw and passes the middle part of short longeron to with nut screw adjustment, soil preparation press wheel adjusts the lead screw upper end and is equipped with adjusting handle, the lower extreme with adjust swing arm swing joint.
9. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: the double-row chain wheel shaft is provided with double-row chain wheels, one chain wheel of the double-row chain wheels is connected with the fertilizer distributor chain wheel through a chain, and the other chain wheel is connected with the chain wheel on the soil preparation press wheel shaft through a chain.
10. The soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision seeding and film covering combined machine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the combined operation machine further comprises a film-mounted soil covering mechanism, the film-mounted soil covering mechanism comprises a soil covering roller, a soil covering support and a soil covering disc, the soil covering support is movably connected with the frame main body, soil covering roller supports are arranged at two ends of the soil covering roller, the soil covering roller supports are fixedly connected with the soil covering support, the soil covering disc is movably connected with the frame main body through a connecting pull rod, a plurality of soil gripping claws are respectively arranged at the outer circumferences of two ends of the soil covering roller, a plurality of spiral soil guide plates are arranged inside the soil covering roller, and two soil leakage openings are formed in the soil covering roller body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711193101.5A CN107750490B (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | Soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine |
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| CN201711193101.5A CN107750490B (en) | 2017-11-24 | 2017-11-24 | Soil preparation co-located profiling cotton single-grain precision sowing and film covering combined machine |
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| CN108575151A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-09-28 | 成都农业科技职业学院 | A kind of rotary tillage suitable for strain plantation, which is applied, broadcasts equipment |
| RU185401U1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-04 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU186005U1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-12-26 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU185280U1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU185281U1 (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-29 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU186208U1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-11 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU186538U1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | TOOLS FOR BASIC SOIL TREATMENT |
| RU186548U1 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-23 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| RU186521U1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2019-01-22 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED SOIL PROCESSING UNIT |
| CN109619081B (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2024-03-29 | 安丘市供销农业生产资料有限责任公司 | Variable chloromagnesia soil fumigator |
| CN109874463B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2024-03-19 | 青岛万世丰农业科技有限公司 | Small-grain crop precision planter |
| CN111713199A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-09-29 | 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 | A cotton cultivator fertilizing and cultivating soil machine |
| CN112205132A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-01-12 | 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 | Floating type under-plant fertilizing and seeding machine for film-free cultivation of cotton |
| RU205226U1 (en) * | 2021-02-16 | 2021-07-05 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED TILLAGE UNIT |
| CN113243169B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-09-13 | 河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所 | Cotton planter with pressing roller driving seed and fertilizer box transmission device and method |
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| RU207476U1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-10-28 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Ульяновский государственный аграрный университет имени П.А. Столыпина" | COMBINED TILLAGE UNIT |
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| AU2008203410A1 (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2009-02-19 | Daryl Morellini | Profiling method and apparatus |
| CN100584187C (en) * | 2008-02-21 | 2010-01-27 | 东北农业大学 | Inter-row interplanting sowing unit with two-way profiling function |
| CN204442978U (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-07-08 | 河北省农机化技术推广服务总站 | Combined machine for cotton sowing |
| CN106612670A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-10 | 山西省农业机械化科学研究院 | Under-film seedling-placement-free planting type rotary tillage film-mulching precision planter for corn |
| CN207573859U (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-07-06 | 滨州市农业机械化科学研究所 | A kind of site preparation is the same as position profiling cotton single grain fine sowing overlay film combine |
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