CN103477765A - Combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of dry land - Google Patents
Combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of dry land Download PDFInfo
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- CN103477765A CN103477765A CN201310359672.7A CN201310359672A CN103477765A CN 103477765 A CN103477765 A CN 103477765A CN 201310359672 A CN201310359672 A CN 201310359672A CN 103477765 A CN103477765 A CN 103477765A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of dry land. The combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of the dry land comprises components such as a furrowing blade, a hanging bracket, a main frame, a seed fertilizer box, a potato seed sowing mechanism, a potato seed box, a ridging scraper blade, a ridge shaper, a movable support, a film laminating wheel mechanism, a disc earthing mechanism, an L-shaped flexible rack, a film rolling support, a ground wheel, a transmission mechanism and a potato seed furrowing device. The combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of the dry land has the advantages that firstly the combined unit can complete operations of furrowing, fertilizing, sowing, ridging, shaping, film mulching, film laminating, earthing and the like in one step in the field under the traction action of a tractor; secondly, a ridge film trench planting drought-resisting sowing dry farming planting mode is realized, the drought resistance and yield of crop are greatly increased, and a film saving effect is obvious; thirdly, the combined unit is designed into a two-station foldable rack, so that the transportation safety performance of the combined unit is improved; fourthly, compared with sowing machines of the same type at home and abroad, the combined unit used for drought-resisting sowing of the dry land is simple in structure, compact and flexible in type, low in cost and easy to manufacture, popularize and apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, refer in particular to the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding of farm work.
Background technology
The plastic mulching crop genetics is a protection ground new cultivation technology of wideling popularize; be used for the condition that partly controls environment; creation is suitable for the cultivation method of the microclimate of plant growth, can promote crop precocity, high yield, high-quality, has significant economic benefit.Film-mulching technique originates from the fifties in last century, is suitable for abroad the crop of small size intensive cultivation for horticultural gardening, vegetables etc., develops in field crop cultivating again afterwards.The plastic film mulch technology develops into the planting after plastic covered integration of operation from artificial plastic film mulch, on whole kind bed well, spreads with plastic film, and the while seeding and fertilizing etc.Promoted the use of in the cultivation of the crops such as cotton, peanut, tobacco, corn, beet.
Northern China dry farming area, because water resource is poor, drought cools, spring is windy and a little arid, topsoil soils hits by drought 9 years out of 10, and adds the Characteristics of Droughts that this zone saturating rain in spring evening and arid and high-temperature-phase mate, the soil moisture state that substantially wanes in the whole year, become conduct and yield poorly and a unstable important root, carry out the research of raising rainfall resource efficient technique of rainwater utilization and be of great practical significance.
Therefore, in order to improve crop drought resistance and water use efficiency, the department of agri-scientific research has for many years carried out the research of Different Crop ridge film trench sowing planting technology, as chased after nitrogen and ridge film ditch sowing planting, the micro-catchment growth new technology of corn on dry land ridge film ditch kind for alfalfa furrow collection rain, winter wheat.Facts have proved, compare with other planting patterns, ridge film trench planting has the soil moisture conservation of significantly heating, collects the effect of precipitation, ventilation and penetrating light, increasing both production and income.
Nonirrigated Potato ridge film trench sowing planting technology is that collection horizontal ditch planting technology, fertilizer deep placement and a side are executed the integrated Novel planting technology of multinomial dry farming technology such as technology, collection rain planting technology, by common application and the performance of multinomial advanced technology, reach the purpose of potato drought resisting stable yields.The results show, under the film ditch sowing planting of potato ridge, emergence rate is flat to be done, flat to make film coating technique high, emerges in advance, and wherein, it is more obvious that 30-60cm ridge film width is processed lower performance, and amount of increase in production is 23.2%-33.0%.Due to ridge face overlay film, greatly reduce the soil water evaporation amount, also suppressed the growth of weeds, thereby alleviated the harm of weeds simultaneously.In addition, ridge film ditch planting technology can improve the availability of potato to rainwater effectively, in process of crop growth, ridge face collection rain by overlay film, concentrate in the crop-planting ditch limited precipitation, realized the enrichment stack of precipitation, significantly improved the soil water regime of crop growing spots, limited moisture is utilized effectively, increases soil root layer water content, and then improve potato drought resistance and output.
In European and American developed countries, potato setter is through development and the application of decades, and its technical merit has reached quite perfect degree, no matter is operating speed, production efficiency, service behaviour, seeding quality, or versatility and the adaptability aspect of seeding machinary, all more advanced.The 1700 type potato combined sowing units that U.S. promise 1220 types of 2 row 2CMFD-Z types, 2MSB-1 type, middle machine, 1240 types and the Germany produced as American-European countries produces all can once complete the operations such as fertilising, sowing, ridging, overlay film, suppression, earthing.But these more ripe Sowing machine for potatoes are expensive, cost of investment is high, and complex structure, the agriculture requirement that can not adapt to China's plantation operation had, requirements such as ridging line-spacing, seat water spot kind, ridge film ditch sowing planting operation.
At present, can't meet its agriculture requirement fully with the seeding machinery of this complete sets of Techniques.The technical problem that the present invention solves just is to provide a kind of special-purpose drought-resistant seeding integration of operation unit of realizing Nonirrigated Potato ridge film trench sowing planting technology.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding of farm work.This unit, under the traction of tractor, can once complete in field trench digging-fertilising-sowing-ridging-shaping-overlay film-operations such as press mold-earthing.
The technology of the present invention problem is solved by following scheme: the associating unit for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding is comprised of hanger bracket, fertilising furrower, mainframe, potato seed plough, transmission mechanism, potato seed case, ridging scraper plate, land wheel, alley reshaper, film roll support, pressing wheel mechanism, travel(l)ing rest, L bracket, disk coverer mechanism, travel(l)ing rest hinge, two station stops, potato seed feed mechanism, seed-fertilizer box.
Described mainframe is placed in the place ahead for the associating unit of nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding.The mainframe effect is supported and suspended, furrower, seed-fertilizer box, potato seed plough, potato seed feed mechanism, potato seed case, ridging scraper plate, land wheel, rib reshaper apply fertilizer.
Described fertilising furrower is fixed on bolt and U-shaped clip on the place ahead crossbeam of frame, and each furrower rear end is equipped with fertilizer delivering pipe, by pipeline, with the seed-fertilizer box defertilizing tube, is connected.The effect of fertilising furrower is: at kind of a bed side (about 50mm) below trench digging, and apply seed manure in ditch, realize the seed manure layered sowing.
Described potato seed plough is arranged on the grain tube lower end of potato seed feed mechanism.And be fixed on the mainframe crossbeam with bolt and U-shaped clip.Its effect is to ditch above the side of the ditch outputed of fertilising furrower again, for potato seed, creates good kind bed, realizes seed manure layered sowing agriculture requirement.
Described potato seed feed mechanism is potato spoon chain elevator seeding formula.Every machine is assembled with two cover monomer-type potato seed feed mechanisms.This potato seed feed mechanism comprises several potato spoon formula seed-taking devices, drive sprocket, by parts such as movable sprocket and elevator seed-taking device chain, grain tubes.The drive sprocket of sower is arranged on the land wheel wheel shaft, when unit operation, land wheel drives drive sprocket, by chain-driving potato seed feed mechanism drive sprocket, elevator chain be arranged on the potato spoon formula seed-taking device motion on chain, order completes operations such as getting potato seed and seeding potato.
Described ridging clean-up scraper is arranged on the back of potato seed plough, and is fixed on housiung separator with bolt and U-shaped clip.This mechanism is comprised of fixedly vertical rod, side plate, movable clean-up scraper, adjustment screw bolt and nut.Its effect is the potato seed earthing of sowing for feed mechanism, and sweeps the rib of high about 100mm left and right in the middle of two row potato seeds.
Described rib reshaper is arranged on the back of ridging clean-up scraper, and is fixed on after mainframe on end floor beam with bolt and U-shaped clip.This mechanism is comprised of fixedly vertical rod, axle, shaping pressure roller etc.The shaping pressure roller is made by nylon.During unit operation, the rib reshaper, by himself weight, forces to scrape shaping to rib.
Described film roll support is arranged on longeron both sides, mainframe rear end, is positioned at rib reshaper rear end.Its effect is to mount the film volume, is orthopedic rib and potato seed covering with plastic film.
Described pressing wheel mechanism is two groups, and prolong knot is on the hinge axis of mainframe rear end respectively.This mechanism is comprised of pressing wheel support, pressing wheel, press mold wheel shaft, back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.And split in the frame left and right sides.Mechanism can be around the activity of axle easy on and off.And be connected with the mainframe crossbeam by back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.Its effect is the mulch film both sides of the edge compacting of preceding working procedure being completed by deadweight, makes it be close to the alley surface.Unit when transportation, in order to dwindle the length of unit when the travel position, availablely manually around hinge axis, lift pressing wheel mechanism, make pressing wheel rely on the potato seed box body, make the reach of facility center of gravity.Pressing wheel mechanism frame is drawn close to the tension of unit the place ahead by back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.
Described disk casing mechanism is two groups, and the mainframe both sides are placed in.By travel(l)ing rest, L bracket, disk coverer, bearing, vertical rod, back-moving spring, hook, bolt and U-shaped clip, formed.Travel(l)ing rest one end links with the mainframe hinge, and L bracket is fixed on the travel(l)ing rest rear end with bolt and U-shaped clip.Disk coverer is fixed on the L bracket rear end with bolt and U-shaped clip, and the left and right sides of the frame that relatively is placed in.The disk casing mechanism is connected with mainframe with hook by back-moving spring.The two side discs rear ends certain angle of inwardly setovering, be convenient to cut soil and scraping.The effect of disk casing mechanism is that the ground film edge of preceding working procedure compacting is real by soil pressure in time.By height or the left-right rotation vertical rod angle that is adjusted in vertical rod in the U-shaped clip, the capable of regulating disk is cut the degree of depth of soil and scraping.Unit when transportation, in order to dwindle the length of unit when the travel position, availablely manually around hinge axis, lift the disk casing mechanism, make travel(l)ing rest rely on two station stops on mainframe, make the reach of facility center of gravity.
Described land wheel is steel wheel.Its effect is to support unit walking and drive transmission device.
Described transmission mechanism comprises drive sprocket, fertilizer can sprocket wheel and the driving chain of drive sprocket, potato seed feed mechanism.During unit operation, the drive sprocket with the coaxial drive sprocket of land wheel by the chain-driving feed mechanism, by the sprocket wheel of movable sprocket and seed-fertilizer box, moved, complete seeding fertilizer-the get operation of potato seed-seeding potato simultaneously.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. unit, under the traction of tractor, can once complete in field trench digging-fertilising-sowing-ridging-shaping-overlay film-multi-mode operations such as press mold-earthing.2. realize the ridge culture planting pattern of ridge film trench sowing, increase soil root layer water content, improve drought resistance and output.3. can be convenient to the operation of follow-up cultivator cultivation and banking.4. this unit is applied the dry farming new technology for arid area the facility guarantee is provided, and efficiently and effectively is that peasant household strengthens capacity to combat natural adversities.And joint is fertile and to economize on the film effect remarkable, can make the fertilizer effective rate of utilization than tradition plantation potato mode, improve 30 ﹪-40 ﹪, the specialist and the middle-size and small-size farm that are applicable to producing the commodity potato are used.5. set structure is simply compact, maneuverability, and convenient operation, save peasant household machinery invested.According to the agriculture requirement of various places, sowing line-spacing, the spacing in the rows regulative mode of unit are easy.The collapsible frame of two stations, safety while guaranteeing the transportation of associating unit.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front view for the associating unit of nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding
Fig. 2 is the vertical view for the associating unit of nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding
Fig. 3 is nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding planting patterns schematic diagram
Description of reference numerals:
Hanger bracket 1, furrower 2, mainframe 3, potato seed plough 4, transmission mechanism 5, potato seed case 6, ridging scraper plate 7, land wheel 8, rib reshaper 9, film roll support 10, pressing wheel mechanism 11, travel(l)ing rest 12, L bracket 13, disk coverer mechanism 14, travel(l)ing rest hinge 15, two station stops 16, potato seed feed mechanism 17, seed-fertilizer box 18
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, described fertilising furrower 2 use bolts and U-shaped clip are fixed on the place ahead crossbeam of mainframe, by the adjustment position of spade on the U-shaped clip of ditching, and can the up-down adjustment ditching depth.Or according to the requirement of crop seeding and fertilizing spacing in the rows, also can be along housiung separator left and right adjusting two furrower 2 spacings.Each furrower 2 rear end is equipped with fertilizer delivering pipe, by pipeline, with the seed-fertilizer box defertilizing tube, is connected, and during work, the fertilising furrower is ditched in kind of a bed side (about 50mm) below on one side, ditch in apply seed manure on one side, realize the seed manure layered sowing.
Potato seed plough 4 is arranged on the grain tube lower end of potato seed feed mechanism 17.And be fixed on the mainframe crossbeam with bolt and U-shaped clip.Its effect is to ditch above the side of the ditch outputed of fertilising furrower 2 again, for potato seed, creates good kind bed, realizes the agriculture requirement of seed manure layered sowing.During operation, potato seed falls in the ditch that following potato seed plough 4 outputs by discharging tube.The degree of depth of its trench digging can be regulated by plough handle upper-lower position in the U-shaped clip.Also can adjust the spacing of two row potato seed ploughs 4 by agriculture requirement, to adapt to the requirement of sowing line-spacing.
Potato seed feed mechanism 17 is potato spoon chain elevator seeding formula.Every machine is assembled with two cover monomer-type potato seed feed mechanisms 17.Can adjust the spacing of left and right according to the agriculture requirement of various places, adapt to the requirement of sowing line-spacing.The drive sprocket of sower is arranged on land wheel 8 wheel shafts, and when unit operation, land wheel 8 drives drive sprockets, by chain-driving potato seed feed mechanism drive sprocket, elevator chain be arranged on the potato spoon formula seed-taking device motion on chain.Through potato seed case below and move up simultaneously, dip the potato kind when certain potato spoon seed-taking device.When potato spoon seed-taking device is moved upward to while approaching peak, unnecessary potato piece falls by deadweight, along the elevator conveyance conduit, returns in potato kind case; Then, when potato spoon seed-taking device moves down around follower, the potato piece drops out by getting the potato seed spoon, along tube for seed dill, falls in the furrow that the potato seed plough outputs, and order completes the operation of getting potato seed and sowing potato.
Ridging clean-up scraper 7 is arranged on the back of potato seed plough 4, and its effect is the potato seed earthing of sowing for feed mechanism, and sweeps the rib (seeing Fig. 3) of high about 100mm left and right in the middle of two row potato seeds.By the left and right adjustment fixedly in vertical rod bolt and U-shaped clip in the position of frame, can regulate the angle that ridging clean-up scraper 7 biside plates open, its angle is larger, the rib of formation is larger.By regulating the adjustment screw bolt and nut on clean-up scraper 7, the angle that capable of regulating ridging clean-up scraper 7 buries, and then the size of change clean-up scraper scraping amount and rib size.
Rib reshaper 9 is arranged on the back of ridging clean-up scraper 7.By shaping pressure roller, reshaper axle, bearing etc., formed.The shaping pressure roller is made by nylon.Unit is when farm work, and reshaper is forced rib is scraped to shaping by gravity, and strengthens the compaction to rib.
Film roll support 10 is arranged on longeron both sides, mainframe rear end, is positioned at rib reshaper 9 rear ends.Its effect is to mount the film volume, is orthopedic rib and potato seed covering with plastic film.
Transmission mechanism 5 comprises drive sprocket, fertilizer can sprocket wheel and the driving chain of drive sprocket, potato seed feed mechanism.During unit operation, the drive sprocket with the coaxial drive sprocket of land wheel 8 by the chain-driving feed mechanism, by the sprocket wheel of movable sprocket and seed-fertilizer box 18, moved, complete seeding fertilizer-the get operation of potato seed-seeding potato simultaneously.Change the drive sprocket of drive sprocket and corresponding potato seed feed mechanism by extension and can realize the spacing in the rows between 150-450mm.The user can select according to soil property, actual conditions.
Claims (8)
1. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding, comprise fertilising furrower, hanger bracket, mainframe, seed-fertilizer box, potato seed feed mechanism, potato seed case, ridging scraper plate, rib reshaper, travel(l)ing rest, pressing wheel mechanism, disk casing mechanism, the flexible frame of L-type, film roll support, land wheel, transmission mechanism, potato seed plough, wherein:
Described mainframe is placed in the place ahead of the associating unit of nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding; Described fertilising furrower is fixed on bolt and U-shaped clip on the place ahead crossbeam of frame, and each furrower rear end is equipped with fertilizer delivering pipe, by pipeline, with the seed-fertilizer box defertilizing tube, is connected; Described potato seed plough is arranged on the grain tube lower end of potato seed feed mechanism; Described potato seed feed mechanism is potato spoon chain elevator seeding formula, and every machine is assembled with two cover monomer-type potato seed feed mechanisms; Described ridging clean-up scraper is arranged on the back of potato seed plough, and is fixed on housiung separator with bolt and U-shaped clip; Described rib reshaper is arranged on the back of ridging clean-up scraper, and is fixed on after mainframe on end floor beam with bolt and U-shaped clip; Described film roll support is arranged on longeron both sides, mainframe rear end, is positioned at rib reshaper rear end; Described pressing wheel mechanism is two groups, and prolong knot is on the hinge axis of mainframe rear end respectively; Described disk casing mechanism is two groups, and the mainframe both sides are placed in; Described transmission mechanism comprises drive sprocket, fertilizer can sprocket wheel and the driving chain of drive sprocket, potato seed feed mechanism.
Under tractor-drawn, the described unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding can disposablely complete trench digging-fertilising-sowing-ridging-shaping-overlay film-press mold-earthing operation in field.
2. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein said potato seed feed mechanism comprises a plurality of potato spoon formula seed-taking devices, drive sprocket, by movable sprocket and elevator seed-taking device chain, grain tube.Wherein the drive sprocket of sower is arranged on the land wheel wheel shaft, when unit operation, land wheel drives drive sprocket, by chain-driving potato seed feed mechanism drive sprocket, elevator chain be arranged on the potato spoon formula seed-taking device motion on chain, complete and get potato seed and seeding potato operation.
3. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein said ridging clean-up scraper by fixedly vertical rod, side plate, movable clean-up scraper, adjust screw bolt and nut and form.
4. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rib reshaper is comprised of fixedly vertical rod, axle, shaping pressure roller, and the shaping pressure roller is made by nylon.
5. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, the collapsible frame of wherein said pressing wheel mechanism is positioned at the left and right sides, associating unit rear end, and is sleeved on the machine set frame axle.During the unit transportation, two groups of collapsible frames of pressing wheel mechanism are by artificial easily folding.Described pressing wheel mechanism is comprised of pressing wheel support, pressing wheel, press mold wheel shaft, back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.And split in the frame left and right sides, mechanism can be around the activity of axle easy on and off, and is connected with the mainframe crossbeam by back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.During the unit transportation, pressing wheel mechanism frame is drawn close to the tension of unit the place ahead by back-moving spring, V-arrangement pull bar, hook.
6. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein said two groups of collapsible frames of disk casing mechanism are positioned at the left and right sides, associating unit rear end, and are sleeved on the machine set frame axle.During the unit transportation, two groups of collapsible frames of disk casing mechanism are by artificial easily folding.The disk casing mechanism is comprised of travel(l)ing rest, L bracket, disk coverer, bearing, vertical rod, back-moving spring, hook, bolt and U-shaped clip, travel(l)ing rest one end links with the mainframe hinge, and L bracket is fixed on the travel(l)ing rest rear end with bolt and U-shaped clip; Disk coverer is fixed on the L bracket rear end with bolt and U-shaped clip, and the left and right sides of the frame that relatively is placed in, and the disk casing mechanism is connected with mainframe with hook by back-moving spring; The two side discs rear ends certain angle of inwardly setovering; During travel position, availablely manually around axle, lift the disk casing mechanism, make travel(l)ing rest rely on two station stops on mainframe, make the reach of facility center of gravity.
7. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding as claimed in claim 1, wherein said land wheel is steel wheel.
8. the unit of the associating for the nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described potato seed feed mechanism is the monomer setting, the spacing in the rows adjustment realizes by the seed-taking device elevator sprocket wheel of changing in driving shaft sprocket wheel and corresponding potato seed feed mechanism.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310359672.7A CN103477765B (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2013-08-16 | A kind of Unit erriger for nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310359672.7A CN103477765B (en) | 2013-08-16 | 2013-08-16 | A kind of Unit erriger for nonirrigated farmland drought-resistant seeding |
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| CN103477765A true CN103477765A (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| CN103477765B CN103477765B (en) | 2016-07-06 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105210487A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-01-06 | 定西市三牛农机制造有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional seed drill |
| CN105557133A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-05-11 | 民勤县雪银沙产业有限公司 | Cistanche deserticola Mafertilization-sowing-lamination-compacting-integrated machine |
| CN105723884A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-06 | 易卫明 | Machine special for white celery seed discharging |
| CN112470849A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane double-bud-section planting method integrating square shape and accurately placing seeds, applying fertilizers and applying pesticides |
| CN117084025A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | 安徽农业大学 | Wheat spring-cold test seeding device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105557133A (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2016-05-11 | 民勤县雪银沙产业有限公司 | Cistanche deserticola Mafertilization-sowing-lamination-compacting-integrated machine |
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| CN105723884A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-06 | 易卫明 | Machine special for white celery seed discharging |
| CN112470849A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Sugarcane double-bud-section planting method integrating square shape and accurately placing seeds, applying fertilizers and applying pesticides |
| CN117084025A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2023-11-21 | 安徽农业大学 | Wheat spring-cold test seeding device |
| CN117084025B (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-01-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Wheat spring-cold test seeding device |
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