CN112400384A - Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine - Google Patents

Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112400384A
CN112400384A CN202011266761.3A CN202011266761A CN112400384A CN 112400384 A CN112400384 A CN 112400384A CN 202011266761 A CN202011266761 A CN 202011266761A CN 112400384 A CN112400384 A CN 112400384A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
ridging
rotary tillage
fertilizing
fertilizer
film covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202011266761.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵梦龙
刘永华
高菊玲
张东凤
王平会
李伟
谭闯
丁小虎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
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Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry filed Critical Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry
Priority to CN202011266761.3A priority Critical patent/CN112400384A/en
Publication of CN112400384A publication Critical patent/CN112400384A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • A01B49/06Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
    • A01B49/065Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00Combined machines
    • A01B49/04Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
    • A01C5/062Devices for making drills or furrows
    • A01C5/064Devices for making drills or furrows with rotating tools
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0287Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine which comprises a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a fertilizing device, a film covering device, a pressing and soil covering device and a rack. The invention can combine rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching into a whole, thereby saving power and reducing environmental pollution; the rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching processes can be finished at one time in a high-efficiency and time-saving manner; the labor cost of farmers is reduced, the tail gas pollution is reduced, the environment is protected, the resources are saved, the soil can be loosened after the operation, and the ridging is suitable for ridging; the ridging height is reasonable, and the ridge width is adjustable; in the fertilizing process, a plurality of fertilizers can be mixed and continuously fertilized; the membrane tension degree is consistent, the membrane is not leaked, the soil covering amount is adjustable, and the membrane covering and soil covering effects are good.

Description

Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a film covering machine, in particular to a rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine.
Background
At present, the tillage machinery is widely applied to agriculture by shortening the agricultural production time, having high efficiency and good effect, greatly freeing labor force, eliminating partial weeds, leveling the ground surface and the like, but has a plurality of problems in practical application, and the following points are combined: 1) the power is wasted due to multiple operations; 2) the additional ridges are easy to generate during the next procedure, the main ridges are damaged, and the ridging effect is general; 3) the fertilizer applying device is unreasonable in design and cannot be used for uniformly mixing and spreading fertilizers; 4) the processes of rotary tillage, ridging, fertilization, film mulching and the like are not integrated, and cannot be completed at one time, so that the labor cost of farmers is increased, and the efficiency is low. Can once only accomplish these processes of rotary tillage, ridging, fertilization, tectorial membrane, be the more important meaning to the user, not only reach labour saving and time saving's purpose, can also raise the efficiency, practice thrift the cost.
At present, the existing tillage and soil preparation machines combine rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and mulching singly or dispersedly, such as rotary tillage ridgers, ridging and fertilizing machines and the like, and do not combine the rotary tillage ridgers, the ridging and fertilizing machines and the like into a whole in a system. The processes of rotary tillage, ridging, fertilization and film mulching are respectively carried out on the land, so that power is wasted, time is consumed, labor cost is increased, and the burden of farmers is increased; after multiple operations, the soil can be compacted, the root system growth of crops is not facilitated, and the harvest is reduced; after one process is finished, the next process is carried out, so that the previous process is inevitably damaged, the land utilization rate is reduced, and the original foundation is damaged; sometimes, if the fertilizer cannot be uniformly spread in the ground, the fertilizer is seriously wasted, so that a lot of local fertilizers are more and a lot of local fertilizers are less, the cost is increased, and the loss is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching machine which can combine rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching into a whole, save power and reduce environmental pollution.
The technical scheme is as follows: the ridging and earthing combined machine comprises a rotary tillage device, a ridging device, a fertilizing device, a film covering device, a pressing and earthing device and a rack, wherein the fertilizing device is fixed above the rotary tillage device, the ridging device is fixed behind the rotary tillage device, the rack is arranged on two sides of the rotary tillage device, the film covering device and the pressing and earthing device are sequentially arranged on the rack and are located behind the ridging device.
The rotary tillage device comprises a cutter shaft, wherein a plurality of rotary blades are arranged on the cutter shaft, the rotary blades are arranged in a double helix line mode, the rotary blades are divided into a plurality of sections, the helix directions of adjacent sections are opposite, the rotary blades are bent and are arranged on the cutter shaft in an external mounting mode.
The rotary tillage device is connected with a tractor through a suspension device.
The ridging device comprises a ridging circular shaft, a plurality of ridging disks are mounted on the ridging circular shaft, chain transmission is connected to two ends of the ridging circular shaft, and the chain transmission is connected with a hydraulic motor.
A scraper is arranged in front of the ridging disc and is installed on a rear cover plate of the rotary tillage device through a scraper height adjusting rod.
Fertilizer injection unit include the oblique box of fertilizer, the bottom of the oblique box of fertilizer is passed through the fertilizer apparatus and is connected with the fertilizer plastic tubing, the side-mounting of the oblique box of fertilizer has DC motor, DC motor pass through chain drive fertilizer shaft and rotate, the fertilizer shaft is connected with the fertilizer apparatus, the belt pulley is equipped with to the DC motor inboard, the belt pulley is connected with the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft be connected with the mixed flood dragon of fertilizer.
The fertilizer apparatus adopts grooved wheels.
The film covering device comprises a plurality of groups of film covering rollers which are staggered front and back, the two sides of the film covering rollers are connected with a suspension arm clamping cylinder through roller suspension arms, and the suspension arm clamping cylinder is installed on the rack.
And a soil scraping plough is arranged in front of the film coating roller and is connected with the frame through a hanging plate.
The soil covering device comprises a pressing wheel and a soil covering disc, the pressing wheel is connected with the frame through a pressing wheel hanging plate, a compression spring is arranged on the pressing wheel, the soil covering disc is connected with a bolt locking device through an adjustable clamping cylinder, and the bolt locking device is installed on the frame.
Has the advantages that: the invention can combine rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching into a whole, thereby saving power and reducing environmental pollution; the rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film mulching processes can be finished at one time in a high-efficiency and time-saving manner; reducing the labor cost of farmers, reducing the tail gas pollution, protecting the environment and saving resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary tillage apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ridging device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a ridging disk of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fertilizing apparatus of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a film covering device of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the compacting and covering device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the ridging and ridging machine comprises a rotary tillage device 1, a ridging device 2, a fertilizing device 3, a film mulching device 4, a pressing and soil covering device 5 and a frame 6, wherein the rotary tillage device 1 is used as a basis, the fertilizing device 3 is fixed above the rotary tillage device 1 through bolts, the ridging device 2 is fixed behind the rotary tillage device 1 through bolts, the frame 6 is installed on two sides of the rotary tillage device 1, and the film mulching device 4 and the pressing and soil covering device 5 are sequentially installed on the frame 6 and are located behind the ridging device 2. The rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and mulching film mulching combined machine can combine rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and mulching, can loosen and break soil after working, and is suitable for ridging; the ridging height is reasonable, and the ridge width is adjustable; in the fertilizing process, a plurality of fertilizers can be mixed and continuously fertilized; the membrane tension degree is consistent, the membrane is not leaked, the soil covering amount is adjustable, and the membrane covering and soil covering effects are good.
As shown in fig. 2, the rotary tilling device 1 includes a suspension device 11, and is connected to a tractor via the suspension device 11. A plurality of rotary tillage blades 12 are arranged on a cutter shaft 14 of the rotary tillage device 1, the rotary tillage blades 12 are arranged on the cutter shaft 14 by adopting an external mounting method, and bent blades are adopted as the rotary tillage blades 12 in order to ensure that soil blocks after work are finely crushed, soft and smooth on the ground and have low noise during operation. The blades are arranged in a double helix mode, the rotary tillage blades 12 are divided into a plurality of sections, the sections are determined according to the length of the cutter shaft of the integrated machine, one section is about 30cm, and the helix directions of adjacent sections are opposite. A plough 13 is arranged in front of the cutter shaft 14, rotary cultivator side plates 17 are arranged on two sides of the cutter shaft 14, and a rear cover plate is arranged between the rotary cultivator side plates 17 on the two sides. A gear box 16 and a power output shaft 15 are arranged above the cutter shaft 14, power is transmitted to the gear box 16 through a universal joint by the power output shaft 15 of the tractor, and the cutter shaft 14 is driven to rotate by the gear box 16.
As shown in FIG. 3, after the ridging device 2 works, the ridge surface is flat, and can be adjusted according to different ridge widths and ridge distances of crops. The soil is finely loosened through rotary tillage, and then ridging is carried out by using a ridging disc 24 at the rear of the soil, so that a compact ridge body is formed. In order to realize ridge width adjustment, a scraper 26 with adjustable height and width is arranged on the rear cover plate of the rotary tillage device 2. The up-and-down adjustment of the scraper 26 is realized by a fixing plate connected with the rotary tillage device 1 and a scraper 26 adjusting nut, the locking nut on the scraper height adjusting rod 28 is loosened, and the scraper 26 is adjusted to the required height in the scraper up-and-down moving groove 29 and then locked; the width of the ridge body is realized through the adjusting holes 27, and the left and right trapezoidal groove plates can be moved leftwards and rightwards by loosening the locking nuts on the adjusting holes 27. The ridging disc 24 is used for forming a ridge body, disc type is specially adopted in order to enable the ridging disc to form an isosceles trapezoid ridge body, a ridge distance adjusting device is arranged on the inner side of the disc, a hoop is locked or loosened through bolts, the position of the ridging disc 24 on a ridging circular shaft 25 can be adjusted within 110cm, and the ridging disc can be adjusted as shown in fig. 4. The altitude mixture control of whole ridging device 2 is realized through the helicitic texture on the ridging device adjusting pull rod 210, and when rotating the adjustment handle on the ridging device adjusting pull rod 210 clockwise, helicitic texture makes whole ridging device 2 rotate with supporting polished rod 211 to make whole ridging device 2 highly rise, otherwise descend. The ridging circular shaft 25 mainly functions to support the ridging disc 24, the ridging circular shaft 25 in the common market is fixed, and can generate large resistance in working, the ridging circular shaft 25 of the ridging device utilizes hydraulic oil of a tractor to be conveyed to the hydraulic motor 22 from the hydraulic oil pipe 23 to drive the chain transmission 21 and then drive the ridging circular shaft 25, and therefore working resistance in ridging can be reduced, and power consumption is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, the fertilizer application device 3 includes a fertilizer tilting box 33, and the fertilizer tilting box 33 is connected and fixed with a bracket 34 by a fastening bolt. The bottom of the fertilizer inclined box 33 is connected with a fertilizer discharging plastic pipe 32 through a fertilizer discharging device 36, the fertilizer discharging plastic pipe 32 is made of a plastic pipe, the cost is reduced, the fertilizer discharging opening is connected with a clamp to be easily replaced, and the fertilizer applying device 3 is free from fertilizer interruption and easy to maintain during operation. The fertilizer distributor 36 adopts grooved wheels, has simple structure, reliable work and large fertilizer discharge amount, is suitable for granular fertilizer, and the grooved wheels are made of plastic materials, resist fertilizer corrosion and prolong the service life. A direct current motor 37 is installed on the side surface of the fertilizer inclined box 33, a vehicle-mounted power supply, namely a battery of a tractor is used as a power supply, the power supply is connected with the direct current motor 37 through an electric wire and is transmitted through a chain 31, so that a fertilizer discharging shaft 38 is driven to rotate, and a grooved pulley is driven to rotate and discharge fertilizer; when the fertilizer is discharged, the belt pulley 311 is mounted on the inner side of the direct current motor 37, power transmission is performed between the belt pulley 311 and the belt 310, the belt pulley 311 is connected with the transmission shaft 312 through a flat key, and when the belt pulley 311 rotates, the transmission shaft 312 is driven to rotate, so that the fertilizer mixing auger 39 is driven.
As shown in fig. 6, the film covering device 4 of the present invention adopts a double film covering device, two films can be covered simultaneously, the film covering height can be adjusted, the films are not damaged in the working process, and the covered films are tightly attached to the ridge surface. Before the tectorial membrane is carried out, the ridge body that forms through ridging device 2 may be unfavorable for tectorial membrane device 4 to carry out the tectorial membrane, so be equipped with scraper plough 44 in tectorial membrane cylinder 41 the place ahead, scraper plough 44 passes through hanger plate 45 and installs in frame 6, and scraper plough 44 highly adjusts through adjusting pull rod 46, and clockwise rotation adjustment handle through helicitic texture for scraper plough 44 highly upwards, otherwise downwards, makes the tectorial membrane more perfect. The suspension arm clamping cylinder 43 is connected with the film coating roller 41 through the roller suspension arm 42, the height of the roller suspension arm 42 is clamped through a locking bolt to adjust the height of the film coating roller 41, the two film coating rollers 41 are staggered front and back and are not arranged in the same row, the position of the film coating device 4 is fully utilized, film coating is more sufficient, film leakage is avoided, and the film is easy to replace. As shown in fig. 7, the soil covering amount of the compacting and covering device 5 can be automatically adjusted according to the softness of the soil, the compacting wheel 52 is adopted for compacting, the compacting wheel 52 is installed on the frame 6 through the compacting wheel hanging plate 56, the coated film can be compacted, the compacting spring 51 is arranged on each compacting wheel 52, the compacting spring 51 is connected on the compacting wheel 52 through the gasket and the clamping pins, the adjustment can be performed according to the softness of the soil, so that the compacting force is ensured to be the same, and the damage to the film is avoided. The covering soil is completed by automatically pushing the peripheral soil onto the film by using the covering soil disk 53, and the covering soil disk 53 is connected with a U-shaped bolt locking device 57 through an adjustable clamping cylinder 55. The amount of the covering soil can be adjusted, and the U-shaped bolt locking device 57 can be adjusted left and right on the cross beam to achieve the adjustment of the covering soil amount, so that the film covering process is completed. The compacting wheel 52 and the soil covering disc 53 are connected to the same cross beam of the frame 6, the whole mechanism is provided with a spring 54, the height of the whole compacting and soil covering device 5 can be consistent, and the whole mechanism is fixed on the cross beam through two pairs of U-shaped bolt locking devices 57 and can be adjusted left and right according to requirements.
The power transmission is transmitted to a gearbox 16 from a power output shaft 15 of the tractor through a universal joint and then to the cutter shaft 14; the ridging device 2 is connected with a tractor and a hydraulic motor 22 on the ridging device 2 through a hydraulic oil pipe 23, and the hydraulic motor 22 is driven by hydraulic oil to drive a chain transmission 21, so that the ridging device 2 rotates; the fertilizing device 3 drives a fertilizing shaft 38 by a direct current motor 37, and a chain 31 drives a fertilizer distributor 36 to work; the film covering device 4 and the pressing and soil covering device 5 are connected to the frame 6, and the film covering roller 41, the pressing wheel 52 and the soil covering wheel 53 rotate together with the tractor.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine, its characterized in that, includes rotary cultivator attachment, ridging device, fertilizer injection unit, tectorial membrane device, suppression earthing device and frame, fertilizer injection unit fix in the rotary cultivator attachment top, ridging device fix at the rotary cultivator attachment rear, the frame is installed to rotary cultivator attachment's both sides, installs tectorial membrane device and suppression earthing device in the frame in proper order, and both are located the ridging device rear.
2. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary tillage device includes a blade shaft, the blade shaft is provided with a plurality of rotary tillage blades, the rotary tillage blades are arranged in a double helix, the rotary tillage blades are divided into a plurality of sections, the helix directions of adjacent sections are opposite, the rotary tillage blades are bent blades and are arranged on the blade shaft by an external method.
3. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and mulch-laying machine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the rotary tillage device is connected to a tractor through a suspension device.
4. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and mulching machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ridging device comprises a ridging circular shaft, a plurality of ridging disks are mounted on the ridging circular shaft, chain drives are connected to both ends of the ridging circular shaft, and the chain drives are connected with a hydraulic motor.
5. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein a scraper is arranged in front of the ridging disc, and the scraper is mounted on a rear cover plate of the rotary tillage device through a scraper height adjusting rod.
6. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizing device comprises a fertilizer inclined box, the bottom of the fertilizer inclined box is connected with a fertilizer discharging plastic pipe through a fertilizer discharging device, a direct current motor is mounted on the side face of the fertilizer inclined box, the direct current motor drives a fertilizer discharging shaft to rotate through a chain, the fertilizer discharging shaft is connected with the fertilizer discharging device, a belt pulley is mounted on the inner side of the direct current motor and connected with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected with a fertilizer mixing auger.
7. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 6, wherein the fertilizer apparatus employs grooved wheels.
8. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film covering device comprises a plurality of groups of film covering rollers which are staggered from front to back, two sides of the film covering rollers are connected with a suspension arm clamping cylinder through roller suspension arms, and the suspension arm clamping cylinder is mounted on the frame.
9. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 8, wherein a soil scraping plow is provided in front of the film covering drum, and the soil scraping plow is connected with the frame through a hanger plate.
10. A rotary tillage, ridging, fertilizing and film covering machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the press and soil covering device comprises a press wheel and a soil covering disc, the press wheel is connected with the frame through a press wheel hanging plate, a compression spring is arranged on the press wheel, the soil covering disc is connected with a bolt locking device through an adjustable clamping cylinder, and the bolt locking device is mounted on the frame.
CN202011266761.3A 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine Pending CN112400384A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011266761.3A CN112400384A (en) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202011266761.3A CN112400384A (en) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112400384A true CN112400384A (en) 2021-02-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202011266761.3A Pending CN112400384A (en) 2020-11-13 2020-11-13 Rotary tillage ridging fertilization laminating machine

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115280919A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-11-04 华中农业大学 Seedbed ridging film paving machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves
CN117044444A (en) * 2023-10-10 2023-11-14 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Sweet potato seedling rotary tillage fertilization watering tectorial membrane all-in-one

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115280919A (en) * 2022-07-05 2022-11-04 华中农业大学 Seedbed ridging film paving machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves
CN115280919B (en) * 2022-07-05 2024-03-19 华中农业大学 Seedbed ridging and film laying machine with adjustable cigar tobacco leaves
CN117044444A (en) * 2023-10-10 2023-11-14 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Sweet potato seedling rotary tillage fertilization watering tectorial membrane all-in-one
CN117044444B (en) * 2023-10-10 2023-12-22 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 Sweet potato seedling rotary tillage fertilization watering tectorial membrane all-in-one

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