CN107535134A - A kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder - Google Patents
A kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN107535134A CN107535134A CN201710666749.3A CN201710666749A CN107535134A CN 107535134 A CN107535134 A CN 107535134A CN 201710666749 A CN201710666749 A CN 201710666749A CN 107535134 A CN107535134 A CN 107535134A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder,Including frame (19) and the plough being arranged in frame (19),Feed mechanism for seed (22) and coverer (15),The plough is divided into preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14),Before frame (19),Back segment is respectively arranged with land wheel (10) and press wheel (17),Frame (19) is provided with handlebar (2),Starting switch (1) is provided with handlebar (2),After pressing,Motor (7) drives clutch sprocket wheel (11) by decelerator (8),And then land wheel (10) is driven to advance,Clutch sprocket wheel switch (18) is additionally provided with handlebar (2),For controlling the speed of travel,Manpower or tractor dynamic power are changed to direct current generator power,Mitigate the labor intensity of people,Improve production efficiency,Reduce radius of turn,Reduce carbon emission and noise pollution,Meet the idea of environmental protection development,Reduce operating cost,Enhance the adaptability and maneuverability of mellow soil operation.The farmland for being easy to facility to plant and have power conditions uses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seeding machinery device field, specifically a kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder.
Background technology
Machinery using crop seed as sowing object is referred to as planting machinery, i.e. seeding machinery.Agricultural is to involve the interests of the state and the people
Basic industry, and seeding operation is one of six big links in agricultural production process, and seeding mechanization is mechanization of agriculture process
In the most complicated, and mostly important work.Seeding method, crop species and the variety variations that seeding machinery is faced are numerous
More, this just needs seeding machinery to have stronger adaptability and can meet the service behaviour of different planting requirements.
With the continuous propulsion of agricultural restructuring, the warmhouse booth of various regions also the more is built the more more, tiller using in greenhouse tool into
The urgent needs of peasant household's farming.But domestic existing tiller using in greenhouse tool shows the characteristics of type is few, using inconvenience, and more
To borrow existing open country small-size tillage machinery.
In recent years for the special farming environment such as greenhouse, greenhouse, some are small-sized for the development and production of domestic agricultural machinery manufacturer
Tillage machinery.But product has that volume is big, operation is not nimble, radius of turn is excessive, can not work, balk in corner area mostly
Seriously, low production efficiency, the defects of adaptability is poor, also all exist in transaction capabilities, reliability and durability etc.
Problem.Because majority is using diesel engine as power source, so under conditions of closing, agricultural product also by exhaust emission, so produce
Amount and product quality are all affected, and the power consumed on power set itself is also very important.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder, to solve defect present in prior art.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem is as follows：
A kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder, including frame (19) and be arranged in frame (19) plough,
Feed mechanism for seed (22) and coverer (15), the plough are divided into preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14), and frame (19) is forward and backward
Section is respectively arranged with land wheel (10) and press wheel (17), and frame (19) is provided with handlebar (2), and handlebar is provided with starting switch on (2)
(1) after, pressing, motor (7) drives clutch sprocket wheel (11) by decelerator (8), and then drives land wheel (10) to advance, handlebar
(2) clutch sprocket wheel switch (18) is additionally provided with, for controlling the speed of travel；Land wheel (10) is driven by driving chain (13) and arranged
The plants case sprocket wheel (3) of kind of device (22) is rotated, and seed is fallen on into the bottom of trench that post-trenching device (14) outputs by seed metering guide tube (16), after
The coverer (15) of side collapses ditch both sides soil, and then the press wheel (17) at rear is by soil compression；The preceding plough
(12) being connected with defertilizing box (4) by conduit, the fertilizer in defertilizing box (4) passes through to be rotated with the roller (6) for sweeping fertilizer brush (5),
Realize that fertilizer is discharged；The motor (7) provides electricity by the inner storage battery (20) of the battery jar box (9) in frame (19)
Source；The feed mechanism for seed (22) is connected with plants case (21), and feed mechanism for seed (22) is taken turns by 3.2X36 split pins (23) and the amount of broadcasting adjustment
(24) connect, adjusting wheel (24) by the amount of broadcasting, feed mechanism for seed (22) flow rate is adjusted, and feed mechanism for seed (22) lower end passes through conduit
Interface (25) connects with seed metering guide tube (16)；Post-trenching device (14) ditching depth is more shallow 3-5CM than preceding plough (12), trench digging
Position horizontal interval 5-10CM, prevent fertilizer from closely causing burn seedlings excessively with seed；
Further, the preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14) are disc-type furrow opener,
Its blade uses tulwar piece, and the native spacing of cutting between adjacent knife blades is calculated by equation below：
In formula：
Vm：Machine forwarding speed, m/s
T：Unit advances the time, t
Z：Rotary cutting bevel blade number；
ω：Rotor angular speed, rad/s；
N：Axle rotational speed, r/min；
S：Cut soil and enter the two panels blade away from i.e. serial action and soil, depict identical and be moved away from each other a bite length
S curve, m；
Further, the diameter of the blade is calculated by following formula：
In formula：
S-blade maximum the amount of feeding, mm；
A-design maximum tilling depth, mm；
RmaxOn the premise of tilling depth requirement is met, minimum value is taken；
Further, the frame (19) is square steel structure；
Further, the diameter of the press wheel (17) elects 150-450mm as, it is impossible to and it is excessive or too small, it is excessive, make knot
Structure both bulk, it is too small and easily gather around soil and rotate it is ineffective, and press after soil crack；
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Manpower or tractor dynamic power are changed to direct current generator power, the work for mitigating people is strong
Degree, production efficiency is improved, radius of turn is reduced, reduces carbon emission and noise pollution, meet the idea of environmental protection development, reduced
Operating cost, enhance the adaptability and maneuverability of mellow soil operation.It is easy to facility to plant and has the agriculture of power conditions
Field uses；The diameter and distance of blade are rationally set by calculating, it is possible to achieve in seeding process, meet tilling depth requirement simultaneously,
Lower drag to greatest extent, power consumption is reduced, improve the activity duration of seeder.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A to structural representation；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 top view；
Fig. 4 is disc-type furrow opener structural representation；
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows：
1st, starting switch, 2, handlebar, 3, plants case sprocket wheel, 4, defertilizing box, 5, sweep fertile brush, 6, roller, 7, motor, 8,
Decelerator, 9, battery jar box, 10, land wheel, 11, clutch sprocket wheel, 12, preceding plough, 13, driving chain, 14, post-trenching device, 15, cover
Earthenware, 16, seed metering guide tube, 17, press wheel, 18, clutch control switch, 19, frame, 20, storage battery, 21, seed-fertilizer box, 22, row
Kind of device, 23,3.2X36 split pins, 24, the amount of broadcasting adjustment wheel, 25, catheter interface.
Embodiment
The principle and feature of the present invention are described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the present invention.
As Figure 1-3, a kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder, including frame (19) and it is arranged at frame (19)
On plough, feed mechanism for seed (22) and coverer (15), the plough is divided into preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14), machine
Frame (19) front and rear sections are respectively arranged with land wheel (10) and press wheel (17), and frame (19) is provided with handlebar (2), and handlebar is set on (2)
There is starting switch (1), after pressing, motor (7) drives clutch sprocket wheel (11) by decelerator (8), and then drives land wheel
(10) advance, clutch sprocket wheel switch (18) is additionally provided with handlebar (2), for controlling the speed of travel；Land wheel (10) passes through transmission
Chain (13) drives the plants case sprocket wheel (3) of feed mechanism for seed (22) to rotate, and seed is fallen on into post-trenching device by seed metering guide tube (16)
(14) bottom of trench outputed, the coverer (15) at rear collapse ditch both sides soil, and then the press wheel (17) at rear is by soil pressure
It is real；The preceding plough (12) is connected with defertilizing box (4) by conduit, and the fertilizer in defertilizing box (4), which passes through to carry, sweeps fertilizer brush (5)
Roller (6) rotates, and realizes that fertilizer is discharged；The motor (7) passes through the inner electricity of the battery jar box (9) in frame (19)
Bottle (20) provides power supply；The feed mechanism for seed (22) connects with plants case (21), and feed mechanism for seed (22) passes through 3.2X36 split pins (23)
Wheel (24) is adjusted with the amount of broadcasting to be connected, adjusting wheel (24) by the amount of broadcasting is adjusted feed mechanism for seed (22) flow rate, feed mechanism for seed (22)
Lower end is connected by catheter interface (25) with seed metering guide tube (16)；Post-trenching device (14) ditching depth is than preceding plough (12)
Shallow 3-5CM, ditch position horizontal interval 5-10CM, prevents fertilizer from closely causing burn seedlings excessively with seed；
Further, the preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14) are disc-type furrow opener,
Its blade uses tulwar piece, and the native spacing of cutting between adjacent knife blades is calculated by equation below：
In formula：
Vm：Machine forwarding speed, m/s
T：Unit advances the time, t
Z：Rotary cutting bevel blade number；
ω：Rotor angular speed, rad/s；
N：Axle rotational speed, r/min；
S：Cut soil and enter the two panels blade away from i.e. serial action and soil, depict identical and be moved away from each other a bite length
S curve, m；
Further, the diameter of the blade is calculated by following formula：
In formula：
S-blade maximum the amount of feeding, mm；
A-design maximum tilling depth, mm；
RmaxOn the premise of tilling depth requirement is met, minimum value is taken；
The diameter and distance of blade are rationally set by calculating, it is possible to achieve in seeding process, meet tilling depth requirement simultaneously,
Lower drag to greatest extent, power consumption is reduced, improve the activity duration of seeder.
Further, the frame (19) is square steel structure；
The seeding process of crop is mainly made up of three trench digging, seeding, earthing basic working procedures, therefore is used as general seeder
For, its workpiece must have ditching device, dispenser and covering device.In addition should also there are many attaching parts
Part come ensure it is above-mentioned three work completions, mainly including frame, road wheel, transmission device and governor motion etc..Seeder
Specific work process is as follows：During seeder advances, ground drives land wheel to rotate, and land wheel is transported by chain-driving feed mechanism
Dynamic, seed is entered in feed mechanism for seed by seed-box, and feed mechanism for seed is discharged seed by certain application rate, and plough institute is fallen on through seed spout
The bottom of trench outputed, after coverer is passed by, the soil of ditch both sides, which is fallen, to be covered on seed, and last press wheel makes soil pressure
It is real.
The technical indicator of seeder of the present invention is as follows：Depth of planting 20-60mm continuously adjustabes, 200-500mm of sowing line-spacing
Continuously adjustabe, 0-500mm of sowing hill spacing is adjustable, and seed percentage of damage and the sowing uniformity meet national standard.
Using direct current generator power, advantage is simple in construction, and speed is easy to control, pollution-free, can in enclosed environment and
Open environment is worked long hours, and operation resistance is small, and operating efficiency is improved；
The frame (32) is square steel structure, can bear horizontal force, vertical force and the torsion of plough.Plough is distributed in
On 40X40mm square beam, this structure can be easy to sow the adjustment of line-spacing.Square steel structure is easy to the installation of subsidiary body and relative
The adjustment of position.
Feed mechanism for seed uses external recessing and external roller type fertilizer distributor, and the big I of flow rate is by changing sheave
Rotating speed or active length (length of the sheave in seeds discharging box) adjust, and are designed as easily replaceable.
Plough is formed by front and rear two Duis, and concrete structure is to uproot shovel type ditching machine with dual or disc-type furrow opener, the trench digging
Device is detachably installed, and disc-type furrow opener structure realizes chemical fertilizer or small granule seed referring to Fig. 4, preceding plough main function
Program request or row are broadcast, and the effect of post-trenching device is the program request for realizing the bulky grain seed such as corn, peanut, and such working resistance is small, is saved
The energy, operating rate is fast, good operability.
To the technical requirements of plough：
1. ditch depth is consistent, ditch shape is neat；
2. not random soil layer；
3. seed is evenly distributed in ditch；
4. there is certain function of covering soil；
5. there is good function of burying, straw winding does not block；
It is 6. simple in construction, working resistance is small.
Plough ensures the important component of seeding quality, and ditching depth first be able to will adjust, and directly affect the depth of sowing,
And then emergence rate and Phase ofsprouting are influenceed, after mixing up, just it not changed easily in seeding process；Its secondary guarantee bottom of trench
Smooth, seed can fall on bottom of trench wet soil；To ensure wet soil covering rather than dry ground covering again.It so just can guarantee that what is broadcast
Seed can emerge early, and emergence is neat.
Coverer can first make thin wet soil covering seed, and covering is tight, and depth wants uniformity.Conventional classical coverer
Mainly there is shackle formula, drawbar formula, board-like, wheeled.Coverer is formed with steel plate bending, and overall weight can not be too big, prevents earthing
Depth is too deep and increases resistance when seeder is run.
Suppression has the effect such as drought resisting, soil moisture conservation and wind erosion prevention after broadcasting, and can be in close contact seed and soil, be advantageous to emergence and
Ensure full stand, Miao Quan, robust seedling.The natural conditions of spring arid make China's major part dry crop have broadcast after the requirement suppressed, institute
So that press wheel should be carried on the seeder of this imtertilled crop of corn.
Intensity is suppressed after broadcasting certain requirement, generally 0.3-0.5kg/cm2.But the press wheel of institute's band on seeder
Itself can not be too heavy, the diameter of press wheel elects 150-450mm as, it is impossible to it is excessive or too small, it is excessive, make huge structure heavy,
It is too small but easily gather around soil and rotate it is ineffective, and press after soil crack, the easy evaporation of water in soil.This design is using a diameter of 400mm's
Tire.
Taken measures at feed mechanism for seed：The feed mechanism for seed of suitable type and size is mainly selected, ensures that feed mechanism for seed is female with it
The cooperation of body；Banister brush is installed on feed mechanism for seed side, reduces the hard contact between seed and seed, seed and feed mechanism for seed, from
And plumule is protected, reduce broken kind of rate.
Taken measures during seeding：Mainly slow down seeds fall and speed of burying, mitigate the shock that seed is subject to,
Seed is protected, to reduce broken kind of rate.The method that I takes is to use plastic spiral seeding pipe, allows the slip of seed to fall and is changed to roll
Dynamic to fall, the impulsive force being subject to is smaller；Secondly, seeding pipe is gently arranged, to reduce seeds fall speed, protects seed.
According to the experience of foreign countries, the best position of fertilizer discharge is away from seed but close to root system of plant.What I designed broadcasts
Kind machine, fertilizer are emitted on 2 centimetres of depths of kind, 3 centimetres of sides.Fertilizer can be rationally utilized, will not be caused again " burn seedlings "
The seeder that I designs, fertilizer are emitted on 3-5 centimetres of depth of kind, 5-10 centimetres of side.Fertilizer can be rationally utilized,
It will not cause again " burn seedlings ".
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder, including frame (19) and be arranged in frame (19) plough, row
Kind device (22) and coverer (15), the plough are divided into preceding plough (12) and post-trenching device (14), frame (19) front and rear sections
Land wheel (10) and press wheel (17) are respectively arranged with, frame (19) is provided with handlebar (2), and handlebar is provided with starting switch on (2)
(1) after, pressing, motor (7) drives clutch sprocket wheel (11) by decelerator (8), and then drives land wheel (10) to advance, handlebar
(2) clutch sprocket wheel switch (18) is additionally provided with, for controlling the speed of travel；Land wheel (10) is driven by driving chain (13) and arranged
The plants case sprocket wheel (3) of kind of device (22) is rotated, and seed is fallen on into the bottom of trench that post-trenching device (14) outputs by seed metering guide tube (16), after
The coverer (15) of side collapses ditch both sides soil, and then the press wheel (17) at rear is by soil compression；The preceding plough
(12) being connected with defertilizing box (4) by conduit, the fertilizer in defertilizing box (4) passes through to be rotated with the roller (6) for sweeping fertilizer brush (5),
Realize that fertilizer is discharged；It is characterized in that：The motor (7) passes through the inner storage battery of the battery jar box (9) in frame (19)
(20) power supply is provided；The feed mechanism for seed (22) connects with plants case (21), and feed mechanism for seed (22) by 3.2X36 split pins (23) with
The amount of broadcasting adjustment wheel (24) connection, wheel (24) is adjusted by the amount of broadcasting feed mechanism for seed (22) flow rate is adjusted, under feed mechanism for seed (22)
End is connected by catheter interface (25) with seed metering guide tube (16)；Post-trenching device (14) ditching depth is more shallow than preceding plough (12)
3-5CM, ditch position horizontal interval 5-10CM, prevents fertilizer from closely causing burn seedlings excessively with seed.
A kind of 2. electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The preceding plough
(12) and post-trenching device (14) is disc-type furrow opener, and its blade uses tulwar piece, and the native spacing of cutting between adjacent knife blades is led to
Cross equation below calculating：
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<mi>&omega;</mi>
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</mfrac>
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<mi>&pi;</mi>
<mi>R</mi>
</mrow>
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</mfrac>
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</mrow>
</mfrac>
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<mi>&pi;</mi>
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</mrow>
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</mfrac>
<mo>&CenterDot;</mo>
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<mn>1</mn>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
</mfrac>
<mo>=</mo>
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<mi>m</mi>
</msub>
</mrow>
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<mi>z</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
In formula：
Vm：Machine forwarding speed, m/s；
T：Unit advances the time；
Z：Rotary cutting bevel blade number；
ω：Rotor angular speed, rad/s；
N：Axle rotational speed, r/min；
S：Cut soil and enter the two panels blade away from i.e. serial action and soil, depict identical and be moved away from each other bite length S's
Curve, unit：m.
A kind of 3. electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The blade it is straight
Footpath is calculated by following formula：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>R</mi>
<mn>0</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
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<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mrow>
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<mi>x</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
<mo>+</mo>
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<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>-</mo>
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<msqrt>
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In formula：
S-blade maximum the amount of feeding, mm；
A-design maximum tilling depth, mm；
RmaxOn the premise of tilling depth requirement is met, minimum value is taken.
A kind of 4. electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The frame (19)
For square steel structure.
A kind of 5. electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The press wheel
(17) diameter elects 150-450mm as.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710666749.3A CN107535134A (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | A kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710666749.3A CN107535134A (en) | 2017-08-07 | 2017-08-07 | A kind of electrically driven (operated) high precision small seeder |
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ID=60970696
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109121593A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-01-04 | 青岛农业大学 | Chinese yam seeder |
| CN116034682A (en) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-05-02 | 南京农业大学 | Electric-driven single-row garlic precision seeder and seeding method |
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| CN109121593B (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2024-01-26 | 青岛农业大学 | Chinese yam seeder |
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