CN204634301U - Rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine - Google Patents

Rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204634301U
CN204634301U CN201520297607.0U CN201520297607U CN204634301U CN 204634301 U CN204634301 U CN 204634301U CN 201520297607 U CN201520297607 U CN 201520297607U CN 204634301 U CN204634301 U CN 204634301U
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shaft
rotary
fertilizer
cutter shaft
rotary tillage
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陈小兵
徐敏
朱继平
袁栋
丁艳
李良波
彭卓敏
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Abstract

一种旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机,拖拉机通过万向节(2)带动中间传动箱(3)、侧传动箱(4)进而带动主皮带轮(23)转动,主皮带轮通过皮带(22)带动传动皮带轮(21)转动,驱动旋耕刀轴(24)、粉碎刀轴(25)作业,地轮驱动主动链轮(14)转动,主动链轮通过链条(12)带动传动链轮(11)转动,驱动排种轴(10)、排肥轴(5)转动,种子落入输种管(16)并落到已耕好的田地上,粉碎的秸秆被风叶(19)产生的风吹到秸秆输送腔(13)的前开口端并向后吹送,经后开口端下落到地表上,地轮将已旋耕播种施肥的田面进行镇压,这样一次完成旋耕、施肥、播种、秸秆粉碎,秸秆覆盖还田及镇压作业工序。

A rotary tillage sowing straw crushing and covering field returning machine, the tractor drives the middle transmission box (3) and the side transmission box (4) through the universal joint (2) and then drives the main pulley (23) to rotate, and the main pulley passes through the belt (22) Drive transmission belt pulley (21) to rotate, drive rotary cultivator shaft (24), pulverizer shaft (25) operation, ground wheel drives driving sprocket (14) to rotate, and driving sprocket drives driving sprocket (11) by chain (12) ) to rotate, to drive the seeding shaft (10) and the fertilizer shaft (5) to rotate, the seeds fall into the seeding pipe (16) and onto the plowed field, and the crushed stalks are blown by the wind generated by the wind blades (19). Blow to the front opening end of the straw conveying cavity (13) and blow it backward, and drop to the ground surface through the rear opening end, and the ground wheel will suppress the field surface that has been rotary tilled, sowed and fertilized, so that the rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, and straw can be completed at one time. Crushing, straw mulching and returning to the field and suppression operations.

Description

旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机Rotary tillage sowing straw crushing mulch returning machine

技术领域technical field

本实用新型涉及一种还田机,具体是一种旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机,属于农业机械技术领域。The utility model relates to a field-returning machine, in particular to a field-returning machine for rotary tillage, sowing, straw crushing and covering, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

背景技术Background technique

随着农业机械化程度的提高,旋耕机、开沟机、施肥机等广泛用于农业耕整地领域,从根本上解放了农民的双手,提高了作业效率,降低了劳动成本。With the improvement of the degree of agricultural mechanization, rotary tillers, ditchers, and fertilizer spreaders are widely used in the field of agricultural land preparation, which fundamentally liberates the hands of farmers, improves operating efficiency, and reduces labor costs.

但是我国当前使用的秸秆还田机和旋耕播种机为单一作业,工序少,需先进行秸秆粉碎,然后进行旋耕播种施肥作业,作业效率低,耗能高,生产成本高,秸秆全部埋入土壤中,不利于种子发芽生长。However, the straw returning machine and rotary tillage seeder currently used in our country are single operations, with few processes. The straw needs to be crushed first, and then the rotary tillage sowing and fertilization operations are performed. The operation efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, the production cost is high, and all straw is buried. Into the soil, is not conducive to seed germination and growth.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对上述现有技术存在的问题,本实用新型提供一种旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机,该机可与大中型拖拉机配套使用,可一次完成旋耕碎土、施肥、播种、秸秆粉碎,秸秆覆盖还田和镇压六道工序,并具有结构简单、安装使用方便、经济性好的特点。Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a rotary tillage sowing straw crushing and covering field returning machine, which can be used in conjunction with large and medium-sized tractors, and can complete rotary tillage crushing, fertilization, sowing, and straw crushing at one time. There are six processes of straw mulch returning to the field and suppression, and it has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient installation and use, and good economy.

为了实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机,包括机架和地轮,地轮设置在机架后部的下方,在机架的后部上方设置有肥料箱和种子箱,肥料箱的排肥轴上装有排肥齿轮,在种子箱的排种轴上依次装有排种齿轮和传动链轮,所述传动链轮通过链条与地轮上的主动链轮连接,排种齿轮与排肥齿轮相互啮合,在机架的后部下方设置有与种子箱连通的输种管和与肥料箱连通的输肥头,在机架的前部上方设置有中间传动箱,在中间传动箱的一侧还设置有侧传动箱,所述中间传动箱通过传动轴与侧传动箱连接,在中间传动箱的下方连接有带有旋耕刀的旋耕刀轴,所述侧传动箱通过传动带与固定设置在旋耕刀轴一端上的驱动轮连接,在旋耕刀轴的前方设置有粉碎刀轴,粉碎刀轴上装有多把粉碎刀和多个风叶,所述旋耕刀轴的另一端设置有主皮带轮,所述主皮带轮通过皮带与固定设置在粉碎刀轴一端上的传动皮带轮连接;在机架的下方、粉碎刀轴与旋耕刀轴的上方设置有秸秆输送腔,所述秸秆输送腔的前开口端覆盖在风叶最高点的上方,其后开口端位于地轮的前部。In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a rotary tillage, sowing, straw crushing, covering and field returning machine, which includes a frame and a ground wheel. The ground wheel is arranged below the rear of the frame, and a fertilizer box is arranged above the rear of the frame. And the seed box, the fertilizer discharge shaft of the fertilizer box is equipped with a fertilizer discharge gear, and the seed discharge shaft of the seed box is sequentially equipped with a seed discharge gear and a drive sprocket, and the drive sprocket passes through the chain and the driving sprocket on the ground wheel connection, the seed row gear and the fertilizer row gear are meshed with each other, and the seed delivery pipe connected with the seed box and the fertilizer delivery head connected with the fertilizer box are arranged under the rear part of the frame, and the intermediate transmission is arranged above the front part of the frame. A side transmission box is also provided on one side of the middle transmission box, the middle transmission box is connected with the side transmission box through a transmission shaft, and a rotary tiller shaft with a rotary blade is connected below the middle transmission box, so The side transmission box is connected with the driving wheel fixedly arranged on one end of the rotary cultivator shaft through a transmission belt, and a pulverizer shaft is arranged in front of the rotary cultivator shaft, and a plurality of pulverizer knives and a plurality of fan blades are installed on the pulverizer shaft, so The other end of the rotary tiller shaft is provided with a main pulley, and the main pulley is connected with a transmission pulley fixedly arranged on one end of the pulverizer shaft through a belt; There is a straw conveying chamber, the front open end of the straw conveying chamber is covered above the highest point of the wind blade, and the rear open end is located at the front of the ground wheel.

作为本实用新型的进一步改进,所述秸秆输送腔的后方为弧形出口。As a further improvement of the utility model, the rear of the straw conveying cavity is an arc-shaped outlet.

作为本实用新型的进一步改进,所述粉碎刀为锯齿形粉碎刀。As a further improvement of the utility model, the pulverizing knife is a zigzag pulverizing knife.

作为本实用新型的进一步改进,所述风叶为叶片式风叶。As a further improvement of the utility model, the fan blades are blade-type fan blades.

作为本实用新型的进一步改进,在中间传动箱的前部设有连接机动车传动机构的万向节。As a further improvement of the utility model, a universal joint for connecting the transmission mechanism of the motor vehicle is provided at the front of the intermediate transmission box.

本实用新型通过在机架的前部上方连接侧传动箱,在机架的前部下方连接有粉碎刀轴,在中间传动箱的下方连接有旋耕刀轴,在机架的下方、粉碎刀轴与旋耕刀轴的上方连接秸秆输送腔,粉碎刀轴上的多把粉碎刀和多个风叶,可在旋耕碎土播种施肥的同时将秸秆粉碎后由地轮碾压均匀覆盖到地表上,秸秆覆盖到地表后经风化雨淋可自然腐烂变为有机肥,有利于田间保水、保肥促进种子发芽生长,并可减少秸秆焚烧带来的环境污染,既保护了环境,又增加了土壤肥力,并可提高农作物的产量。The utility model connects the side transmission box above the front part of the frame, the crushing knife shaft is connected under the front part of the frame, the rotary tiller shaft is connected under the middle transmission box, and the crushing knife shaft is connected under the frame. The shaft is connected to the straw conveying chamber above the shaft of the rotary tiller. The multiple crushing knives and multiple fan blades on the shaft of the crushing knife can crush the straw while sowing and fertilizing the rotary tillage crushed soil. On the surface, after the straw covers the surface, it can be naturally rotted and turned into organic fertilizer after being weathered and rained, which is conducive to water and fertilizer conservation in the field, promoting seed germination and growth, and reducing environmental pollution caused by straw burning. Improve soil fertility and increase crop yields.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本实用新型的结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model;

图2是图1的俯视图。FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

图中:1、机架,2、万向节,3、中间传动箱,4、侧传动箱,5、排肥轴,6、肥料箱,7、种子箱,8、排肥齿轮,9、排种齿轮,10、排种轴,11、传动链轮,12、链条。13、秸秆输送腔,14、主动链轮,15、地轮,16、输种管,17、输肥头,18、旋耕刀,19、风叶,20、粉碎刀,21、传动皮带轮,22、三角皮带,23、主皮带轮,24、旋耕刀轴,25、粉碎刀轴。In the figure: 1. Rack, 2. Universal joint, 3. Intermediate transmission box, 4. Side transmission box, 5. Fertilizer discharge shaft, 6. Fertilizer box, 7. Seed box, 8. Fertilizer discharge gear, 9. Seed-discharging gear, 10, seed-discharging shaft, 11, transmission sprocket wheel, 12, chain. 13. Straw conveying cavity, 14. Drive sprocket, 15. Ground wheel, 16. Seed delivery pipe, 17. Fertilizer delivery head, 18. Rotary tiller, 19. Fan blade, 20. Crushing knife, 21. Transmission pulley, 22, V-belt, 23, main pulley, 24, rotary tiller shaft, 25, pulverizer shaft.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本实用新型作进一步说明。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

如图1、图2所示,一种旋耕播种秸秆粉碎覆盖还田机,包括机架1和地轮15,地轮15设置在机架1后部的下方,在机架1的后部上方设置有肥料箱6和种子箱7,肥料箱6的排肥轴5上装有排肥齿轮8,在种子箱7的排种轴10上依次装有排种齿轮9和传动链轮11,所述传动链轮11通过链条12与地轮15上的主动链轮14连接,排种齿轮9与排肥齿轮8相互啮合,在机架1的后部下方设置有与种子箱7连通的输种管16和与肥料箱6连通的输肥头17,在机架1的前部上方设置有中间传动箱3,在中间传动箱3的一侧还设置有侧传动箱4,所述中间传动箱3通过传动轴与侧传动箱4连接,在中间传动箱3的下方连接有带有旋耕刀18的旋耕刀轴24,所述侧传动箱4通过传动带与固定设置在旋耕刀轴24一端上的驱动轮连接,在旋耕刀轴24的前方设置有粉碎刀轴25,粉碎刀轴25上装有多把粉碎刀20和多个风叶19,所述旋耕刀轴24的另一端设置有主皮带轮23,所述主皮带轮23通过皮带22与固定设置在粉碎刀轴25一端上的传动皮带轮21连接;在机架1的下方、粉碎刀轴25与旋耕刀轴24的上方设置有秸秆输送腔13,所述秸秆输送腔13的前开口端覆盖在风叶19最高点的上方,其后开口端位于地轮15的前部。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a rotary tillage sowing straw crushing and covering machine includes a frame 1 and ground wheels 15, the ground wheels 15 are arranged below the rear of the frame 1, and at the rear of the frame 1 Fertilizer case 6 and seed case 7 are arranged on the top, fertilizer discharge gear 8 is housed on the fertilizer discharge shaft 5 of fertilizer case 6, seed discharge gear 9 and drive sprocket 11 are housed successively on the seed discharge shaft 10 of seed case 7, so The transmission sprocket 11 is connected with the driving sprocket 14 on the ground wheel 15 through the chain 12, the seed row gear 9 and the fertilizer row gear 8 are meshed with each other, and a seed transfer device communicating with the seed box 7 is provided under the rear part of the frame 1. The pipe 16 and the fertilizer delivery head 17 communicated with the fertilizer box 6 are provided with an intermediate transmission box 3 above the front of the frame 1, and a side transmission box 4 is also provided on one side of the intermediate transmission box 3. The intermediate transmission box 3 is connected with the side transmission box 4 through the transmission shaft, and the rotary knife shaft 24 with the rotary tiller 18 is connected under the middle transmission box 3, and the side transmission box 4 is fixedly arranged on the rotary knife shaft 24 through the transmission belt. The driving wheel on one end is connected, and the place ahead of the rotary tiller shaft 24 is provided with a pulverizing knife shaft 25, and a plurality of pulverizing knives 20 and a plurality of wind blades 19 are housed on the pulverizing knife shaft 25, and the other end of the rotary tiller shaft 24 A main pulley 23 is provided, and the main pulley 23 is connected with the transmission pulley 21 fixedly arranged on one end of the pulverizer shaft 25 through the belt 22; it is arranged below the frame 1, above the pulverizer shaft 25 and the rotary tiller shaft 24 There is a straw conveying chamber 13 , the front opening end of the straw conveying chamber 13 is covered above the highest point of the wind blade 19 , and the rear opening end is located at the front part of the ground wheel 15 .

所述秸秆输送腔13的后开口端为向下弯曲的弧形结构。The rear opening end of the straw conveying cavity 13 is an arc structure bent downwards.

为了提高秸秆粉碎效率,所述粉碎刀20为锯齿形粉碎刀。In order to improve the straw crushing efficiency, the crushing knife 20 is a zigzag crushing knife.

为了加大排风量,风叶19采用叶片式风叶。In order to increase the exhaust air volume, the fan blade 19 adopts a vane type fan blade.

机架1的传动可以通过设置在中间传动箱3的前部的万向节2带动传动,也可以通过电机传动,本实用新型优选为万向节2传动,可以节约用电的成本。The transmission of frame 1 can drive transmission by the universal joint 2 that is arranged on the front portion of middle transmission box 3, also can be driven by motor, the utility model is preferably universal joint 2 transmission, can save the cost of electricity consumption.

当拖拉机驱动该机前进作业时,大中型拖拉机通过万向节2带动中间传动箱3,中间传动箱3带动侧传动箱4进而带动主皮带轮23转动,主皮带轮23通过三角皮带22带动传动皮带轮21转动,从而实现了同时驱动旋耕刀轴24、粉碎刀轴25,开始进行秸秆粉碎和旋耕碎土作业,地轮15驱动主动链轮14转动,主动链轮14通过链条12带动传动链轮11转动,进而驱动排种轴10、排肥轴5转动,即开始排种、排肥,肥料均匀落入输肥头17,种子均匀落入输种管16并下落到已耕好的田地上,在该机前进的过程中种子和肥料会被前面旋耕的碎土覆盖,然后,粉碎的秸秆被风叶19产生的风吹到秸秆输送腔13的前开口端并向后吹送,经后开口端下落到地表上,地轮15将已旋耕播种施肥的田面进行镇压,这样一次完成旋耕、施肥、播种、秸秆粉碎,秸秆覆盖还田及镇压作业工序。When the tractor drives the machine forward to work, the large and medium-sized tractor drives the middle transmission box 3 through the universal joint 2, the middle transmission box 3 drives the side transmission box 4 and then drives the main pulley 23 to rotate, and the main pulley 23 drives the transmission pulley 21 through the V-belt 22 Rotate, thus realized to simultaneously drive rotary tiller shaft 24, crushing knife shaft 25, start straw crushing and rotary tillage crushing operations, ground wheel 15 drives driving sprocket 14 to rotate, and driving sprocket 14 drives transmission sprocket through chain 12 11 rotates, and then drives the seeding shaft 10 and the fertilizer shaft 5 to rotate, that is, to start seeding and fertilizer, the fertilizer evenly falls into the fertilizer input head 17, and the seeds evenly fall into the seeding tube 16 and fall to the plowed field During the forward process of the machine, the seeds and fertilizers will be covered by the crushed soil of the previous rotary tillage, and then the crushed straw is blown to the front opening end of the straw conveying chamber 13 by the wind generated by the wind blade 19 and blown backwards, and after the The open end falls to the ground surface, and the ground wheel 15 suppresses the field surface that has been sown and fertilized by rotary tillage, so that the operation procedures of rotary tillage, fertilization, sowing, straw crushing, straw covering and returning to the field and suppression are completed at one time.

Claims (5)

1. a rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine, comprise frame (1) and land wheel (15), land wheel (15) is arranged on the below at frame (1) rear portion, the rear upper of frame (1) is provided with fertilizer can (6) and seed-box (7), the fertilizer expelling shaft (5) of fertilizer can (6) is equipped with fertilizer gear (8), the feed shaft (10) of seed-box (7) is equipped with seeding gear (9) and drive sprocket (11) successively, described drive sprocket (11) is connected with the drive sprocket (14) on land wheel (15) by chain (12), seeding gear (9) and fertilizer gear (8) engage each other, the lower rear of frame (1) is provided with the grain tube (16) be communicated with seed-box (7) and the defeated fertile head (17) be communicated with fertilizer can (6), it is characterized in that, the front upper of frame (1) is provided with middle driving box (3), side transmission case (4) is also provided with in the side of middle driving box (3), described middle driving box (3) is connected with side transmission case (4) by power transmission shaft, the rotary ploughing cutter shaft (24) with rotary blade (18) is connected with in the below of middle driving box (3), described side transmission case (4) is connected with the driving wheel be fixedly installed on rotary ploughing cutter shaft (24) one end by driving-belt, be provided with in the front of rotary ploughing cutter shaft (24) and pulverize cutter shaft (25), pulverizing cutter shaft (25) is equipped with many crushing knife (20) and multiple fan blade (19), the other end of described rotary ploughing cutter shaft (24) is provided with main pulley (23), described main pulley (23) by belt (22) be fixedly installed on the driving pulley (21) pulverized on cutter shaft (25) one end and be connected, frame (1) below, pulverize cutter shaft (25) top of rotary ploughing cutter shaft (24) be provided with stalk conveyor chamber (13), the forward open end of described stalk conveyor chamber (13) covers the top of fan blade (19) peak, and its rear open end is positioned at the front portion of land wheel (15).
2. a kind of rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rear open end of described stalk conveyor chamber (13) is reclinate arcuate structure.
3. a kind of rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described crushing knife (20) is zigzag crushing knife.
4. a kind of rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described fan blade (19) is vane type fan blade.
5. a kind of rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine according to claim 4, is characterized in that, be provided with the universal joint (2) connecting vehicle transmissions in the front portion of middle driving box (3).
CN201520297607.0U 2015-05-08 2015-05-08 Rotary tillage sowing crushed stalk mulching and returning machine Withdrawn - After Issue CN204634301U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104782256A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-07-22 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Machine used for rotary tillage, seeding, straw smashing and straw mulching returning
CN105309078A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-02-10 湖南省耒耕轻型耕田机制造有限公司 Cultivator with thorough weeding function
CN107182322A (en) * 2017-06-13 2017-09-22 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of local rotary tillage seeding and fertilizing straw mulching and returning machine
CN109275373A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-29 安徽煜丰农业机械制造有限公司 A kind of multi-functional straw counters-field set

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104782256A (en) * 2015-05-08 2015-07-22 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Machine used for rotary tillage, seeding, straw smashing and straw mulching returning
CN105309078A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-02-10 湖南省耒耕轻型耕田机制造有限公司 Cultivator with thorough weeding function
CN107182322A (en) * 2017-06-13 2017-09-22 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of local rotary tillage seeding and fertilizing straw mulching and returning machine
CN109275373A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-29 安徽煜丰农业机械制造有限公司 A kind of multi-functional straw counters-field set

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