CN202941107U - Multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing straw, cleaning straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering straw - Google Patents

Multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing straw, cleaning straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering straw Download PDF

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Publication number
CN202941107U
CN202941107U CN 201220535075 CN201220535075U CN202941107U CN 202941107 U CN202941107 U CN 202941107U CN 201220535075 CN201220535075 CN 201220535075 CN 201220535075 U CN201220535075 U CN 201220535075U CN 202941107 U CN202941107 U CN 202941107U
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China
Prior art keywords
straw
seeding
pulverizing
fertilizing
broken
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 201220535075
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
胡志超
吴峰
陈有庆
曹明珠
刘敏基
王海鸥
张延化
王伯凯
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization Ministry of Agriculture
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a fertilizing and seeding machine and a multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw of agricultural machinery. The multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing the straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw comprises a tractor, a fertilizer distributor and a seeder, wherein the tractor, the fertilizer and the seeder are arranged from front to back. The multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing the straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw is characterized in that the fertilizer distributor and the seeder are an all-in-one machine used for fertilizing and seeding; the tractor and the all-in-one machine used for fertilizing and seeding are connected with each other through a straw pulverizing and straw cleaning machine which is driven by a power-output shaft (1) of the tractor; the upper radial direction of a horizontal rotary cutter shaft (3) in the straw pulverizing and straw cleaning machine are provided with a plurality of straw pulverizing knives (2); the back of each pulverizing knife is provided with a twisted dragon (5) which is placed horizontally; the output end is provided with a draught fan (4); and the straw is sent to a straw throw-in opening (12) which is placed above the all-in-one machine used for fertilizing and seeding through a pipeline in a backward mode. The multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing the straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw changes stress conditions of the straw pulverizing knives or work parts when the straws are pulverized, so that accidents are reduced, working efficiency is improved, working cost is reduced and the multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing the straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw can be directly covered by the straw which is pulverized by the front pulverizing and cleaning machine after the fertilizing and seeding, so covering effects are good and operating levels of pulverizing the straw, cleaning the straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering the straw are improved.

Description

A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of fertilising, the sower in agricultural machinery, especially after relating to crop harvesting, in residual front stubble stalk farmland during ferti-seeding peanut, corn, soybean, wheat and so on crop, have broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional operation unit such as straw.
Background technology
Raising the multiple-cropping index is to solve to have a large population and a few land, the not enough important measures of ploughing.At China's Huang-Huai-Hai, after winter wheat results, lower stubble also can plant one the last month of summer peanut, soybean or seeding corn and other crops.But the residual a large amount of wheat stalks in farmland have had a strong impact on the sowing of the second stubble crops such as Peanut, soybean or corn, and the peasant tends to stealthily crop straw burning, sow afterwards, but crop straw burning can cause serious air pollution again, and government prohibites.
A large amount of stalks that after harvesting wheat, the field exists very easily cause traditional no-tillage seeding machine to shovel with extension grass, the heap soil or fertilizer over and around the roots of fertile shovel and block up, and complete machine can't work, and namely allows to sowing, also easily causes the consequences such as frame kind, disconnected seedling.
In addition, lower batch peanut, soybean or seeding corn and other crops after winter wheat results require that more planting early enough is better, if adopt labor cleaning's stalk, waste time and energy, and possiblely will cause peanut, soybean or corn seeding untimely, affect output; Plough deeply after adopting crushed stalk, then the technical measures of sowing after rotary tillage, although can solve field from which wheat has been reaped sowing problem, different facility need to descend ground three to four times, time-consuming taking a lot of work.
For above problem, the industry has proposed patent " straw sweeping and covering device for no-till planters " CN101731033A structure-improved, and this scheme is by whole chain or two chain circulation rotatings, pulls out tooth and is fixed on the chain cocycle and moves, and turns over toward sidepiece and pulls out conveying.Patent " dead axle rigid tooth type servicing device for stubble field seedbed " CN102415233A is separately arranged, and is to configure respectively three to pull out tooth on three axles, and synchronous rotation is in succession turned over toward sidepiece and pulled out, transmits, carries.This two scheme overcomes labor cleaning's stalk expense labour, and the problem that wastes time provides two kinds of no-tillage sower structures, has certain advantage and creativeness.
But, also there are two common deficiencies in above-mentioned two kinds of technical schemes, one, the tooth that pulls out of two technical scheme cleaning stalks is advancing forward when the rotation side direction is carried operation, pulling out tooth, to be subject to simultaneously the power of stirring of side direction relative to stalk back pressure, composite square to the stressed cutter shaft distortion fracture that fractureing or stalk cleaning cutter is installed that very easily causes stalk cleaning cutter, to pulling out the stressed adverse influence of tooth, the situation of often pulling out the tooth bending, be out of shape or fracture in using practice, not only maintenance cost is high, and has a strong impact on the work efficiency in farming season.They are two years old, because above-mentioned two technical schemes are that the stalk side direction is renovated, during first time operation, sidepiece not yet carried out sowing, therefore turn over to side the stalk that pulls out and to play after planting covering effect, and last time field after planting is need to cover the time, but operation is completed, do not have stalk to cover for it again, therefore, these two the existing improvement of defective, improving technologies still fail to solve, and restricted applying of aforementioned two patented technologies, or result of use is influenced, and the user of this area urgently wishes further to improve.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide in the time of to overcome crushing straw workpiece stressed bad, the problem that fault is more, and to a kind of broken straw that can in time cover after the field ferti-seeding, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional unit structure of straw.
The purpose of this utility model is realized by following technical scheme.
A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, comprise tractor after going to and fertilizer distributor, sower, it is characterized in that:
Described fertilizer distributor, sower are the ferti-seeding all-in-one;
Between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one, connect the clear straw machine of crushed stalk;
the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk is horizontal wide cut box-type, perpendicular with the tractor direction of advance in casing, setting horizontally rotates cutter shaft, many broken straw cuttves of radial arrangement on cutter shaft, many broken straw cuttves are arranged on cutter shaft in the helix mode, the direction of rotation of broken straw cutter and the direction of rotation of dilatory wheel, it is a horizontal auger at the rear of broken straw cutter, the output configuration blower fan of horizontal auger, deliver to backward by the road above the ferti-seeding all-in-one, the port of export configuration stalk of pipeline throws mouth, it is suitable that stalk throws mouthful stalk scope width with described ferti-seeding all-in-one on width of shedding out,
Before the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, trifilar suspension is connected with described tractor, and after the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, trifilar suspension is connected with described ferti-seeding all-in-one;
Described tractor motive power output shaft provides power for swivel knife shaft, horizontal auger and blower fan.
for the sowing wheat, corn, soybean, during peanut and so on crop, the ferti-seeding all-in-one that adopts compact conformation has been ripe technology, the technical program is before ferti-seeding, first carry out guide's operation by the clear straw machine of crushed stalk, the clear straw machine of crushed stalk " is horizontal wide cut box-type, perpendicular with the tractor direction of advance in casing, setting horizontally rotates cutter shaft, many broken straw cuttves of radial arrangement on cutter shaft, many broken straw cuttves are arranged on cutter shaft in the helix mode, the direction of rotation of broken straw cutter and the direction of rotation of dilatory wheel ", therefore broken straw cutter is to be fixed on cutter shaft, rotarily driven by cutter shaft and purely rotate forward the whipping motion, broken straw cutter stressing conditions is fairly simple, only be subjected to a direction power, easily specific aim is solved, in the test and use procedure of the technical program, the stressed impaired generation fault of broken straw cutter does not together occur.
the technical program, the rotation of broken straw knife up speed, impact stalk upright or lodging, configure blower fan in casing due to the clear straw machine of crushed stalk, feeding mouth place's formation negative pressure at stalk, stalk is inhaled in the casing casing under the effect of negative pressure, and contact and sheared with the tooth of deciding in casing, hammering, be transported to the blower fan place by air-flow and horizontal auger again, " deliver to backward by the road above the ferti-seeding all-in-one, the stalk that the port of export configuration of pipeline has adjustable stalk deflector throws mouth ", the crushing straw of dishing out has intactly covered on the field of just completing fertilising and sowing just backward, this be because the technical program " between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one, connection is the clear straw machine of crushed stalk of power by tractor motive power output shaft ".
Due to the technical program " stalk that the configuration of the port of export of pipeline has an adjustable stalk deflector throw mouthful ", therefore described stalk throws the stalk scope that mouth sheds out and can realize suitable with the width of described ferti-seeding all-in-one on width.
leg-of-mutton trifilar suspension mode is adopted in dilatory connection as agricultural machinery usually, lay special stress on and restriction in the technical program, " after the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, trifilar suspension is connected with described ferti-seeding all-in-one, the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is the structure of the adjustable and shock-absorbing of length ", because tractor is not directly to draw the ferti-seeding all-in-one to carry out operation, but connected the clear straw machine of crushed stalk between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one, if therefore simply adopt traditional trifilar suspension mode usually can cause the sowing malposition, inaccurate and affect seeding quality, so that affect the growth in later stage, management, therefore, after must adopting, the upper connecting rod of trifilar suspension is the structure of the adjustable and shock-absorbing of length, ignore this technical characterictic, can affect the even success or failure of implementation quality of the technical program.
The described tractor motive power output shaft of the technical program provides power for simultaneously the clear straw machine of crushed stalk swivel knife shaft, horizontal auger and blower fan, and traction ferti-seeding all-in-one, realizes fertilising and seeding operation.
The beneficial effects of the utility model, by above-mentioned explanation introduction, can clear, directly understand and understand superiority of the present utility model, overcome two serious drawbacks of prior art, first, the broken straw cutter of workpiece during as crushing straw force-bearing situation is simple, and is only stressed at root, therefore is easy to solve, no longer break down on probation, avoid changing, repairing, greatly improved operating efficiency, reduced operating cost.The second, can directly be capped the place ahead after ferti-seeding and pulverize the stalk that clear straw machine is pulverized, coverage effect is good, has improved broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, has sowed, covers the straw level of operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the broken straw of the utility model, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the overall structure allocation plan of a kind of embodiment of the multi-functional unit of straw;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment in the utility model, the structure chart of the upper connecting rod parts of rear trifilar suspension;
Fig. 3 is an embodiment in the utility model, the structural perspective of adjustable stalk deflector parts;
Fig. 4 is an embodiment in the utility model, and broken straw blade insert is watched structure chart from tractor advanced person's side surface direction;
Fig. 5 is broken straw cutter the upspring view of a little angle of microseismic activity slightly of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the left view of Fig. 4.
In figure:
The 1st, tractor, the 2nd, broken straw cutter, 2a is bearing pin, 2b is retaining pin, 2c is support, the 3rd, and cutter shaft, the 4th, blower fan, the 5th, horizontal auger, the 6th, fertile shovel, the 7th, kind of shovel, the 8th, land wheel, the 9th, earthing wheel, the 10th, kind of case, the 11st, fertile case, the 12nd, stalk throws mouth, and the 13rd, rear trifilar suspension, 13a are the double thread adjusters, 13b is spring, the 14th, and front trifilar suspension, the 15th, power take-off.
Embodiment
Further describe structure of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, comprise tractor after going to and fertilizer distributor, sower; Described fertilizer distributor, sower are the ferti-seeding all-in-one;
Between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one, connecting is the clear straw machine of crushed stalk of power by tractor motive power output shaft 15;
The clear straw machine of described crushed stalk is horizontal wide cut box-type, perpendicular with the tractor direction of advance in casing, setting horizontally rotates cutter shaft 3, many broken straw cuttves 2 of radial arrangement on cutter shaft 3, many broken straw cuttves 2 are arranged on cutter shaft 3 in the helix mode, the direction of rotation of broken straw cutter 2 and the direction of rotation of dilatory wheel, horizontal augers 5 at the rear of broken straw cutter 2, the output configuration blower fan 4 of horizontal auger 5, deliver to backward by the road above the ferti-seeding all-in-one, the stalk that the configuration of the port of export of pipeline has adjustable stalk deflector throws mouth 12;
It is suitable that described stalk throws mouthful 12 stalk scopes of shedding out width with described ferti-seeding all-in-one on width;
Trifilar suspension 14 is connected with described tractor before the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, and the later trifilar suspension 13 of the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk is connected with described ferti-seeding all-in-one, and the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension 13 is the structure of the adjustable and shock-absorbing of length;
Described tractor motive power output shaft 15 provides power for swivel knife shaft 3, horizontal auger 5 and blower fan 4.
Described broken straw cutter 2 is rectangular metal lath structure, and the end seen by direction of advance and be the flail knife structure that Y shape separates to both sides, and the angle of crotch is 100-60 degree.Structure like this, the force-bearing situation of broken straw cutter 2 is better, and wider plate mask has rigidity and the intensity of the bending of stronger anti-cut-out, the flail knife structure of Y shape have preferably again pulverize, the knocking effect, different according to the crops stalks kind, upright according to stalk, or the lodging degree is different, selects different crotch corner dimensions, upright selects angle large, what lodge selects angle little, and easier clamping is pulverized, and crush efficiency is high.
Described broken straw cutter 2 is fixed on cutter shaft 3 with articulated manner radially by pin shaft structure.Therefore broken straw cutter 2 adopts articulated manner to be fixed on cutter shaft 3 operations with the operation of High Rotation Speed " flail knife " mode, neither affects operation quality when the whipping operation, can further weaken and improve again the force-bearing situation of broken straw cutter 2.As embodiment, the fixing support 2c of pair of L shape on cutter shaft 3, offer circular hole on the corresponding surface of support 2c, broken straw cutter 2 roots are offered pin shaft hole, and embed in the middle of pair of L shape support 2c, bearing pin 2a penetrates the circular hole of L shape support 2c and the pin shaft hole of broken straw cutter 2 roots, and broken straw cutter 2 can rotate around bearing pin 2a, is articulated on cutter shaft 3.
The movement locus of broken straw cutter 2 described in the technical program is trochoidal curve.So movement locus, can carry out preferably clamping, pulverizing and straw-feeding to stalk upright on field and lodging and pulverize in clear straw machine.
Described blower fan 4 is positioned at a side or the centre of the clear straw box body of crushed stalk, and described blower fan 4 is centrifugal blower or axial flow blower.According to the operation needs, the structure and the rotation direction that design and produce horizontal auger are whole segmentation or segmented, blower fan 4 and output pipe be can realize being positioned at and a side or the centre of the clear straw box body of crushed stalk are configured in, be convenient to cover pointedly the field of back ferti-seeding, be positioned at a side and be convenient to make, cover situation for the larger field of fabric width in the middle of being positioned at better.Certainly, also can adopt the lengthening length of pipe, extend to the centre position of field, perhaps change, regulate the stalk deflector structure that stalk throws mouth 12.
The structure of described ferti-seeding all-in-one is, the fertile case 11 of forward and backward configuration and plant case 10 above frame at the fertile shovel 6 of the bottom of fertile case 11 configuration, is stirred seeding unit at the bottom of kind of case 10 configuration land wheel 8, at land wheel 8 rears configuration earthing wheels 9.So the ferti-seeding all-in-one machine structure of structure relatively is applicable to the technical solution of the utility model.
The upper connecting rod structure of described rear trifilar suspension 13 is, the length adjustment mechanism by the form of being threaded is set in pull bar, and by the anti-vibration structure of damping spring.Adopt two sections or three sections and be threaded, regulate upper connecting rod length, can realize easily stepless adjusting length, improve the quality of operation, such as adopting three section type, two sections of left and right are reverse internal threads, and middle one section is the reverse external screw thread of left and right two-section, and interlude is regulated in rotation, can change the distance of two sections of left and right, realize the length of step-less adjustment upper connecting rod.Adopting damping spring is a kind of simple in structure, respond well anti-vibration structure mode.
Described stalk throws mouth 12 and is laterally horn-like, and the water conservancy diversion clamping plate that multi-disc is radial configuration are set in horn mouth.Angle, the length that changes the water conservancy diversion clamping plate in horn mouth can realize easily changing stalk throw mouthfuls 12 throw direction and fabric width.

Claims (8)

1. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, comprise tractor after going to and fertilizer distributor, sower, it is characterized in that:
Described fertilizer distributor, sower are the ferti-seeding all-in-one;
Between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one, connect the clear straw machine of crushed stalk;
the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk is horizontal wide cut box-type, perpendicular with the tractor direction of advance in casing, setting horizontally rotates cutter shaft (3), at the upper many broken straw cuttves of radial arrangement (2) of cutter shaft (3), many broken straw cuttves (2) are arranged on cutter shaft (3) in the helix mode, the direction of rotation of broken straw cutter (2) and the direction of rotation of dilatory wheel, it is a horizontal auger (5) at the rear of broken straw cutter (2), the output configuration blower fan (4) of horizontal auger (5), deliver to backward by the road above the ferti-seeding all-in-one, the port of export configuration stalk of pipeline throws mouthful (12), it is suitable that stalk throws stalk scope width with described ferti-seeding all-in-one on width of mouthful (12) shedding out,
Before the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, trifilar suspension (14) is connected with described tractor, and after the clear straw machine of described crushed stalk, trifilar suspension (13) is connected with described ferti-seeding all-in-one;
Described tractor motive power output shaft (15) is that cutter shaft (3), horizontal auger (5) and blower fan (4) provide power.
2. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, it is characterized in that described broken straw cutter (2) is rectangular metal lath structure, the end seen by direction of advance and is the flail knife structure that Y shape separates to both sides, and the angle of crotch is 100-60 degree.
3. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, it is characterized in that described broken straw cutter (2) is fixed on cutter shaft (3) with articulated manner radially by pin shaft structure.
4. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, the movement locus that it is characterized in that described broken straw cutter (2) is trochoidal curve.
5. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, it is characterized in that described blower fan (4) is positioned at a side or the centre of the clear straw box body of crushed stalk, described blower fan (4) is centrifugal blower or axial flow blower.
6. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, the structure that it is characterized in that described ferti-seeding all-in-one is, the fertile case of forward and backward configuration (11) and kind case (10) above frame, the bottom fertile shovel of configuration (6) at fertile case (11), bottom configuration land wheel (8) at kind of a case (10) is stirred seeding unit, at land wheel (8) rear configuration earthing wheel (9).
7. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, the upper connecting rod structure that it is characterized in that described rear trifilar suspension (13) is, length adjustment mechanism by the form of being threaded is set in pull bar, and by the anti-vibration structure of damping spring.
8. broken straw, clear straw, fertilising according to claim 1, sow, cover the multi-functional unit of straw, it is characterized in that described stalk throws mouthful (12) and is laterally horn-like, the water conservancy diversion clamping plate that multi-disc is radial configuration are set in horn mouth.
CN 201220535075 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing straw, cleaning straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering straw Expired - Fee Related CN202941107U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 201220535075 CN202941107U (en) 2012-10-18 2012-10-18 Multifunctional unit capable of pulverizing straw, cleaning straw, fertilizing, sowing and covering straw

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102884888A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-23 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Multifunctional machine set for straw crushing, straw clearing, fertilization, seeding and straw covering
CN103858549A (en) * 2014-03-17 2014-06-18 钱生越 Covering compound operating machine after sowing of straw pick-up smashing machine
CN107409526A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-01 吉林农业大学 A kind of deep also expedient of tillage of maize straw enrichment
WO2019148649A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-08 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Seed belt wide-row crop full-scale straw land no-tillage seeder tossing shredded straw from rear
WO2020024437A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Inter-row no-tillage collecting and covering planter for straw smashing

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102884888A (en) * 2012-10-18 2013-01-23 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Multifunctional machine set for straw crushing, straw clearing, fertilization, seeding and straw covering
CN102884888B (en) * 2012-10-18 2016-01-20 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 A kind of broken straw, clear straw, fertilising, sow, cover straw Multi-function equipments
CN103858549A (en) * 2014-03-17 2014-06-18 钱生越 Covering compound operating machine after sowing of straw pick-up smashing machine
CN107409526A (en) * 2017-08-31 2017-12-01 吉林农业大学 A kind of deep also expedient of tillage of maize straw enrichment
WO2019148649A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-08 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Seed belt wide-row crop full-scale straw land no-tillage seeder tossing shredded straw from rear
WO2020024437A1 (en) * 2018-08-01 2020-02-06 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 Inter-row no-tillage collecting and covering planter for straw smashing
US11160203B2 (en) 2018-08-01 2021-11-02 Nanjing Research Institute For Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry Of Agriculture Agricultural planter and inter-furrow straw mulcher

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Granted publication date: 20130522

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