CN103733753B - A kind of wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation - Google Patents
A kind of wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the wheat seeder in agricultural machinery, a kind of wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation, horizontal wide cut box-type crushed stalk clear straw machine is connected by tractor motive power output shaft (16), the Qian Xuan mechanism (6) that rear configuration is horizontal, described Qian Xuan mechanism (6) semicircular case (6c) first half is circular arc cover plate, and latter half is the grid lid that some circular arc bars are constituted；Rear configuration wheat fertilizing seeder is integral type；Using front three-point to hang (15) to be connected with described tractor (1), rear trifilar suspension (13) is connected with wheat fertilizing seeder, is respectively configured gauge wheel (17) in the left and right sides of described crushed stalk clear straw machine.The present invention can disposably complete crushed stalk cleaning, shallow rotation, apply fertilizer, sows, broadcasts the flow charts such as rear improving straw mulching, reduce under facility number of times, reduce operating cost, it is achieved the narrow rows such as the full straw covering plot Mechanization sowing wheat such as corn, paddy rice are away from crop.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seeder in agricultural machinery, stubble corn, paddy rice, cotton before being specifically related to be suitable for
The Work machine of wheat is sowed after crop harvesting.
Background technology
China's corn-wheat, paddy rice-wheat, cotton-wheat crop rotation district, preceding crop corn, paddy rice,
Need sowing in time wheat after cotton harvesting, due to after mechanized harvest field retained a large amount of corn, paddy rice,
Cotton stalk, brings bigger difficulty to lower stubble wheat Mechanization sowing, and subject matter includes the following:
1., after preceding crop results, field straw overlay capacity is big, and wheat planting line-spacing is narrow, usual line-spacing
About at 15-20cm, during Mechanization sowing operation, the stalk of field residual easily causes seed-furrow opener
Hang grass and stop up stifled.
2. after corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting, if directly carrying out wheat no-tillage seeding operation, owing to not entering
Row rotary tillage soil-working, surface soil more hardens, reflow difference, the seed after no-tillage seeding machine operation, after broadcasting
It is difficult to cover tight, seed phenomenon of drying in the air occurs.
3. due to reasons such as corn, cotton Ridged plant or harvesting equipment roll, cause corn, paddy rice,
After cotton harvesting, field is uneven, easily occurs seed phenomenon of drying in the air during wheat no-tillage planter operation.
At present, sowing wheat main technical flows after corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting is: mechanized harvest →
Manually by stalk cleaning or straw chopping and returning → rotary tillage (the general rotary tillage of rice terrace more than twice) → mechanization
Sowing.Visible, Mechanization sowing wheat after current corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting, it is necessary to first stalk is entered
Row processes, rotary tillage the most again, seeding operation, the most easily causes seed-furrow opener to hang grass and stops up stifled, and machine
Often, the most time-consuming, operating cost is high on tool lower ground.
Prior art has the machinery that two classes are more close, and the rotary tillage sowing machine that the first is traditional, i.e. by tractor
Traction rotary cultivator and seeder, the method carries widely used in Jiangsu one, but the defect of this technology is in rotation
Ploughing, need manually by stalk cleaning or straw chopping and returning before sowing, cost of labor laborious, time-consuming is too high.
Another kind of machinery be the patent No. 201220535075.6 the broken straw of one, clear straw, apply fertilizer, sow,
Cover straw Multi-function equipments, notification number CN202941107U, but this machinery is only applicable to the operation of general land for growing field crops, carries
During for overcoming crushing straw, workpiece stress is bad, the problem that fault is more, and applies fertilizer field
The broken straw of one, the clear straw that after planting can carry out in time covering, apply fertilizer, sow, cover straw Multi-function equipments, should
The operation of wheat sowed by machinery after being not appropriate for preceding crop corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting, aforementioned three lack
Rear two problems fallen into yet suffer from, and sowing effect is bad.So far this area there is no suitable agricultural machinery both at home and abroad
Tool can process pointedly, solve problem above.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that one is suitable at full improving straw mulching
Ground carries out wheat can the machinery of no-tillage seeding.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical scheme.
A kind of wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation, it is characterised in that: after certainly going to such as
Lower configuration:
The swivel knife shaft of horizontal wide cut box-type crushed stalk clear straw machine is connected by tractor motive power output shaft,
Configuring many broken straw cuttves on cutter shaft, many broken straw cuttves are arranged on cutter shaft with helical manner, after broken straw cutter
Side is a horizontal screw feeder, the output configuration blower fan of horizontal screw feeder, delivers to wheat fertilizing sowing the most backward
Above machine；
Described stalk throw stalk scope that device sheds out on width with described wheat fertilizing seeder
Width is suitable；
In the Qian Xuan mechanism that the configuration of the rear of described horizontal screw feeder is horizontal, described Qian Xuan mechanism is:
In horizontal major axis periphery, the fixing Rotary tillage blade of arrangement in a spiral manner, described Rotary tillage blade rotates structure
Become circular diameter be 25 35cm, rotating speed is 600 800rpm, and for reversely rotate, i.e. by
While front haulage, described Rotary tillage blade from lower to upper, rotates from front to back, covers above Rotary tillage blade
The case of lid semicircular in shape, the first half of case is circular arc cover plate, and latter half is that some circular arc bars are constituted
Grid lid；
Configure wheat fertilizing seeder at the rear of described Qian Xuan mechanism, described wheat fertilizing seeder is integrated
Formula structure；
Before described crushed stalk clear straw machine, trifilar suspension is connected with described tractor, the clear straw of described crushed stalk
After machine, trifilar suspension is connected with described rear wheat fertilizing seeder, and the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is for long
Spend the adjustable and structure of shock-absorbing；
It is respectively configured gauge wheel in the left and right sides of described crushed stalk clear straw machine；
Described tractor motive power output shaft is cutter shaft, horizontal screw feeder and Qian Xuan mechanism provide power.
Use the technical program, broken straw cutter High Rotation Speed, impact the upright or stalk of lodging, due to powder of straw
The casing of broken clear straw machine configures blower fan, at the feeding mouth of straw, forms negative pressure, straw under the effect of negative pressure
Bar is inhaled in casing casing, and contacts by shearing, hammering with the tooth of determining in casing, then by air-flow
It is transported at blower fan with screw feeder, " delivers to above ferti-seeding all-in-one the most backward, the port of export of pipeline
Configuration has the stalk of adjustable straw deflector and throws mouth ", the pure straw dished out the most intactly covers just
Cover on the Wheat Species row just completing fertilising and sowing,
For complete machine mechanism head, easily being affected by earth's surface out-of-flatness in the course of work, facility operating personnel are very
The difficult hydraulic lifting mechanism that passes through accurately controls wheat no-tillage planter height, affects facility operating efficiency and manipulation
Convenience, therefore it is configured with gauge wheel in both sides, full straw covered land wheat furrow free sowing machine front end, complete machine can be made
Possess automatic profiling to a certain extent and limit deep function, significantly reduce facility operating personnel's operation easier, improve
Operating efficiency.
In order to reach the purpose of the present invention and effect, have employed the Qian Xuan mechanism of particular/special requirement, described rotary blade
Structure and rotation mode, the special construction of case is all for solving and overcoming existing defect and particular design
's.Because crushed stalk cleaning plant throws apart from limited, so need to compress whole length, therefore as far as possible
When configuring Qian Xuan mechanism between crushed stalk cleaning plant and ferti-seeding mechanism, it is desirable to Qian Xuan mechanism turns round
Diameter is the least, and in order to ensure shallow swirl effect, need to improve shallow rotation cutter rotary speed as far as possible, designs shallow
Rotation mechanism tactical diameter is 25 35cm, and rotating speed is 600 800rpm；In order to improve breaking effect,
Qian Xuan mechanism is designed as reversely rotating.
Dilatory connection as agricultural machinery generally uses the trifilar suspension mode of triangle, in the technical program
Emphasize especially and limit, " described crushed stalk clear straw machine trifilar suspension later and described ferti-seeding all-in-one
Connecting, the upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is the structure of adjustable length and shock-absorbing ", it not direct due to tractor
Dilatory ferti-seeding all-in-one carries out operation, but is connected to straw between tractor and ferti-seeding all-in-one
Stalk pulverizes clear straw machine, uses traditional trifilar suspension mode usually can cause sowing position not if therefore simple
Correctly, inaccurate and affect seeding quality, so that affect the growth in later stage, management, therefore, it is necessary to employing
The upper connecting rod of rear trifilar suspension is the structure of adjustable length and shock-absorbing, ignores this technical characteristic, can affect this skill
The even success or failure of the implementation quality of art scheme.
After above farmland operation processes, then use the wheat fertilizing seeding integrated machine of maturation can be the completeest
Become the object of the invention.
The present invention relates to a kind of full straw covered land wheat furrow free sowing machine in agricultural machinery, described fertilising is broadcast
The machine of kind is integrated machine；Between tractor and combined seed and fertilizer drill, connecting by tractor motive power output shaft is power
Crushed stalk cleaning plant；Crushed stalk cleaning plant horizontally rotates many broken straw of radial arrangement on cutter shaft
Cutter, is screw feeder at the rear of broken straw cutter, output configuration blower fan, delivers to ferti-seeding one the most backward
Stalk above machine throws mouth, the rear configuration rotary tillage mechanism of screw feeder.The present invention can disposably complete powder of straw
Broken cleaning, shallow rotation, apply fertilizer, sow, broadcast the flow charts such as rear improving straw mulching, reduce under facility number of times,
Reduce operating cost, be particularly suited for the full straw covering plot Mechanization sowing wheat such as corn, paddy rice, cotton
Etc. narrow row away from crop.Also sowing mechanism of the present invention can be replaced, for the multiple dry farming such as peanut, soybean
Thing is sowed.
Further, pressing roller is set between described horizontal screw feeder and Qian Xuan mechanism.Shallow in order to preferably carry out
Rotation operation, through repetition test, interpolation pressing roller can play and limit deep and suppression double action, interpolation pressing roller
Mode can improve operation quality.
Further, described tractor motive power output shaft by be positioned at the belt of device side and belt pulley successively with cutter
Axle, horizontal screw feeder and Qian Xuan mechanism connect transmission, and the configuration of this structure is convenient, also allow for maintenance, safeguard.
Further, described tractor motive power output shaft is passed successively by the multiple-speed gear-box rod member being positioned in the middle of device
Giving cutter shaft, horizontal screw feeder and Qian Xuan mechanism, this structure driven is reliable.
Further, described broken straw cutter is rectangular metal lath structure, end by direction of advance see in Y shape to
Both sides separate flail knife structure.Use the pickup of this structure, broken straw effect preferable.
Further, the structure of described wheat fertilizing seeder is, above frame forward and backward configuration fertilizer box and
Planting case, at the bottom of fertilizer box configuration fertilizer shovel, in the bottom of kind of case, configuration land wheel stirs feed mechanism for seed, after land wheel
Side's configuration earthing wheel.Present solution provides a kind of effect preferable wheat fertilizing seeding integrated machine structure.
Further, it is 30cm that described Rotary tillage blade rotates the circular diameter constituted, and rotating speed is 700rpm.Pass through
Lot of experiments and analysis, the shallow rotation structure of such parameter can obtain preferably go out root stubble and leveling effect.
Beneficial effects of the present invention, is introduced by described above, can clear, directly be appreciated and understood by this
The superiority of invention, overcomes three major defects of prior art, and a kind of full straw covering plot of invention is little
Wheat no-tillage seeding machine, under the full Condition of Straw Mulch such as corn, paddy rice, cotton, can disposably complete stalk
Pick up, pulverize, shallow rotation, apply fertilizer, sow, broadcast the flow charts such as rear improving straw mulching.Owing to facility have straw
Stalk is picked up, crushing function, it is not necessary to clear up stalk in advance, can realize full straw covering plot wheat cultivation operation,
Do not affected by field residual stalk；Owing to facility are provided with Qian Xuan mechanism, kind of bed can be carried out rotary tillage, smooth,
Can improve and broadcast rear earthing quality, reduce seed rate of drying in the air.After providing preceding crop corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting
Need the preferable mechanical implement of sowing in time wheat.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is suitable to the whole of a kind of embodiment of wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation
Body structure configuration map；
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention, and tractor motive power output shaft is by belt and the skin being positioned at device side
Belt wheel is connected the structural perspective transmitted successively with cutter shaft, horizontal screw feeder and Qian Xuan mechanism；
Fig. 3 is an embodiment in the present invention, and tractor motive power output shaft is by the multi-change speed being positioned in the middle of device
Device rod member is sequentially transmitted to cutter shaft, horizontal screw feeder and the structural perspective of Qian Xuan mechanism；
Fig. 4 is an embodiment in the present invention, the structural perspective of shallow rotation mechanism part；
Fig. 5 is the front view of Fig. 4.
In figure:
1 is tractor, and 2 is broken straw cutter, and 3 is cutter shaft, and 4 is blower fan, and 5 is horizontal screw feeder, and 6 is shallow rotation
Mechanism, 6a is major axis, and 6b is Rotary tillage blade, and 6c is case, and 7 is fertilizer plough, and 8 is kind with trench digging
Device, 9 is land wheel, and 10 is earthing wheel, and 11 is kind of a case, and 12 is fertilizer box, and 13 is rear trifilar suspension, and 14 are
Stalk throws device, and 15 is that front three-point hangs, and 16 is power output shaft, and 17 is gauge wheel, 18 pressing rollers.
Detailed description of the invention
The structure of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation, following configuration after certainly going to:
The swivel knife shaft of horizontal wide cut box-type crushed stalk clear straw machine is connected by tractor motive power output shaft 16
3, cutter shaft 3 configures many broken straw cuttves 2, many broken straw cuttves 2 are arranged in cutter shaft 3 with helical manner
On, the rear of broken straw cutter 2 is a horizontal screw feeder 5, and the output configuration blower fan 4 of horizontal screw feeder 5, through pipe
Deliver to after road direction above wheat fertilizing seeder；
Described stalk throw stalk scope that device 14 sheds out on width with described wheat fertilizing seeder
Width suitable；Can pulverize, remove the stalk after preceding crop corn, paddy rice, cotton harvesting, be again
The wheat that rear has been sowed covers crushing straw, and stratification grows.
In the Qian Xuan mechanism 6 that the configuration of the rear of described horizontal screw feeder 5 is horizontal, described Qian Xuan mechanism 6 is:
In horizontal major axis 6a periphery, the fixing Rotary tillage blade 6b of arrangement, described Rotary tillage blade in a spiral manner
It is 25 35cm that 6b rotates the circular diameter constituted, and rotating speed is 600 800rpm, and for reversely rotating,
I.e. by while front haulage, described Rotary tillage blade 6b from lower to upper, rotates, from front to back in rotary tillage
The top of blade 6b covers the case 6c of semicircular in shape, and the first half of case 6c is circular arc cover plate, later half
Part is the grid lid that some circular arc bars are constituted；So structure can hide the soil ash that shallow rotation is kicked up, latter half
Grid lid the most do not produce resistance, reduce working load, obtain preferable operation effectiveness.
Configure wheat fertilizing seeder at the rear of described Qian Xuan mechanism 6, described wheat fertilizing seeder is one
Body formula；Compact conformation, it is simple to hang towage.
Before described crushed stalk clear straw machine, trifilar suspension 15 is connected with described tractor 1, described powder of straw
After broken clear straw machine, trifilar suspension 13 is connected with described rear wheat fertilizing seeder, rear trifilar suspension 13
Upper connecting rod is the structure of adjustable length and shock-absorbing；According to field actual conditions, carry out hanging, adjusting to properly
Angle, height and position.
It is respectively configured gauge wheel 17 in the left and right sides of described crushed stalk clear straw machine；
Described tractor motive power output shaft 16 is cutter shaft 3, horizontal screw feeder 5 and Qian Xuan mechanism 6 provides power.
Between described horizontal screw feeder 5 and Qian Xuan mechanism 6, pressing roller 18 is set.
Described tractor motive power output shaft 16 by be positioned at the belt of device side and belt pulley successively with cutter shaft 3,
Horizontal screw feeder 5 and Qian Xuan mechanism 6 connects transmission.
Described tractor motive power output shaft 16 by the multiple-speed gear-box rod member being positioned in the middle of device be sequentially transmitted to
Cutter shaft 3, horizontal screw feeder 5 and Qian Xuan mechanism 6.
Described broken straw cutter 2 is rectangular metal lath structure, and end is seen by direction of advance and divided to both sides in Y shape
The flail knife structure opened, a kind of reliable broken straw cutter 2 structure.
The structure of described wheat fertilizing seeder is, forward and backward configuration fertilizer box 12 and kind case above frame
11, at the bottom of fertilizer box 12 configuration fertilizer shovel, in the bottom of kind of case 11, configuration land wheel stirs feed mechanism for seed, on ground
Take turns 9 rear configuration earthing wheels 10.Existing apparatus can be used, adjust fertilising and wheat cultivation amount can conveniently make
With.
It is 30cm that one embodiment uses described Rotary tillage blade 6b to rotate the circular diameter constituted, and rotating speed is
700rpm, operation effectiveness is more preferable.
The present invention can disposably complete crushed stalk cleaning, shallow rotation, apply fertilizer, sows, broadcasts rear improving straw mulching etc.
Flow chart, reduce under facility number of times, reduce operating cost, be particularly suited for corn, paddy rice, cotton
Etc. narrow rows such as full straw covering plot Mechanization sowing wheats away from crop.
Claims (7)
1. the wheat no-tillage planter being suitable to full straw covering plot operation, it is characterised in that: after certainly going to
Following configuration:
The rotating knife of horizontal wide cut box-type crushed stalk clear straw machine is connected by tractor motive power output shaft (16)
Axle (3), cutter shaft (3) many broken straw cuttves (2) of upper configuration, many broken straw cuttves (2) are arranged in helical manner
On cutter shaft (3), the rear of broken straw cutter (2) is a horizontal screw feeder (5), the output configuration wind of horizontal screw feeder (5)
Machine (4), delivers to above wheat fertilizing seeder the most backward；
Stalk throw stalk scope that device (14) sheds out on width with described wheat fertilizing seeder
Width is suitable；
In the Qian Xuan mechanism (6) that the configuration of the rear of described horizontal screw feeder (5) is horizontal, described Qian Xuan mechanism (6) is:
In horizontal major axis (6a) periphery, the fixing Rotary tillage blade (6b) of arrangement, described rotary blade in a spiral manner
It is 25 35cm that sheet (6b) rotates the circular diameter constituted, and rotating speed is 600 800rpm, and is reversely rotation
Turning, i.e. by while front haulage, described Rotary tillage blade (6b) from lower to upper, rotates from front to back,
The top of Rotary tillage blade (6b) covers the case (6c) of semicircular in shape, and the first half of case (6c) is circular arc
Cover plate, latter half is the grid lid that some circular arc bars are constituted；
Configure wheat fertilizing seeder at the rear of described Qian Xuan mechanism (6), described wheat fertilizing seeder is
Integral type；
Before described crushed stalk clear straw machine, trifilar suspension (15) is connected with described tractor (1), described stalk
After pulverizing clear straw machine, trifilar suspension (13) is connected with rear wheat fertilizing seeder, rear trifilar suspension (13)
The structure that upper connecting rod is adjustable length and shock-absorbing；
It is respectively configured gauge wheel (17) in the left and right sides of described crushed stalk clear straw machine；
Described tractor motive power output shaft (16) is that cutter shaft (3), horizontal screw feeder (5) and Qian Xuan mechanism (6) provide
Power.
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
It is to arrange pressing roller (18) between described horizontal screw feeder (5) and Qian Xuan mechanism (6).
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
Be described tractor motive power output shaft (16) by be positioned at the belt of device side and belt pulley successively with cutter shaft
(3), horizontal screw feeder (5) and Qian Xuan mechanism (6) connect transmission.
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
It is that described tractor motive power output shaft (16) is sequentially transmitted by the multiple-speed gear-box rod member being positioned in the middle of device
To cutter shaft (3), horizontal screw feeder (5) and Qian Xuan mechanism (6).
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
Being that described broken straw cutter (2) is rectangular metal lath structure, end is seen in Y shape to both sides by direction of advance
Separate flail knife structure.
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
The structure being described wheat fertilizing seeder is, forward and backward configuration fertilizer box (12) and plant case above frame
(11), at the bottom of fertilizer box (12) configuration fertilizer shovel, in the bottom of kind of a case (11), configuration land wheel stirs feed mechanism for seed,
At land wheel (9) rear configuration earthing wheel (10).
Be suitable to the wheat no-tillage planter of full straw covering plot operation, its feature the most according to claim 1
Being that described Rotary tillage blade (6b) rotates the circular diameter constituted is 30cm, and rotating speed is 700rpm.
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