CN206165112U - Double helix earthing formula orchard straw coverage machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double helix earthing formula orchard straw coverage machine belongs to orchard mechanized equipment field. Have the straw workbin of a self -discharging on the tracked vehicle, there is a discharge roller straw workbin rear bottom, soil covering mechanism is installed through parallel four link mechanism and wire rope at the back to the tracked vehicle. Soil covering mechanism the place ahead is spiral riffle splitter, and spiral riffle splitter rear both sides respectively have one to carry native device, carries native device rear and be even native device, and it has an even native spiral in the collection soil box of native device to carry, the straw workbin can be tumbled around hinge point under hydraulic pressure tip -over oil cylinder's effect backward, even stone under material roller down acts on, soil covering mechanism passes through lift cylinder and goes up and down through the wire rope pulling, material roller and soil covering mechanism's power is provided by hydraulic motor down. This machine can evenly cover straw class material or fertilizer in the orchard in the ranks to the thin soil lid is pressed, be suitable for drought -hit area orchard soil moisture conservation, keep warm, press down the grass, matter is put forward to soil, also be suitable for farmland, desert, sandy beach, barren soil soil improvement, the land fertility of fostering and apply fertilizer.

Description

A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Technical field

This utility model discloses a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, belongs to field of agricultural equipment and straw money Source recycling field, more particularly to Machinery for orchard equip field.

Background technology

In recent years, with the adjustment of China's agricultural structure, fruit industry scale fast development, Fructus Mali pumilae, pears, Fructus Persicae, Fructus Vitis viniferae, Citrus chachiensis Hort. The cultivated areas such as Fructus Citri tangerinae have reached the whole world first, and China has become state of fruit sparetime university.But China's fruit industry product quality and Industrial Efficiency There is larger gap compared with developed countries.One important problem is that orchard soil is barren, excessively using chemical fertilizer, causes soil Earth is hardened serious.Soil moisture is not only the key factor of soil, plant, atmosphere Continuum, or soil system Nutrient Cycling With the important carrier of flowing, the growth of characteristic, plant to soil, distribution and the change of ecosystem miniclimate have important Affect, the Soils In The Region hydropenia of arid, semiarid zone and Seasonal Water-Deficit always restricts the bottleneck problem of fruit industry development. Particularly in northern China arplain and southwest, orchard soil moisture conservation water-retention improves soil organic matter content and has become orchard pipe The most important thing of reason.The American-European countries orchard soil content of organic matter generally more than 3.0%, Japanese orchard soil organic matter highest Up to 6.8%, and soil organic matter of apple orchards content in NORTHWEST CHINA arplain is generally below 1.0%, and orchard soil is barren to be become One key factor of China's apple production and quality.

Orchard improving straw mulching technology is adopted for orchard soil layer is thin, fertility is low, moisture condition is poor, soil bareness area big The soil management technology for taking.Appropriate crop material etc. is covered on soil exposed around fruit tree, it has soil moisture conservation, section Water, soil organic matter content, suppression grass, insulation, no-tillage, saving of labor and various effects such as prevent soil loss are improved, soil can be improved Ecological microenvironment, supports the strong tree of root, promotes Growth status development, and then improves yield and improving quality.Orchard improving straw mulching technology It is to solve arid, semiarid zone because of the effective measures of rich water shortage restriction orchard upgrading volume increase, is also developing ecology fruit industry, has One of important production technology of machine fruit industry.

In recent years, straw technology in orchard is widelyd popularize in China, but due to existing orchard improving straw mulching technical staff Skill is simple and crude, needs manual work, time-consuming, and in addition orchard worker worries dry season orchard fire, causes orchard worker's enthusiasm low, pushes away Wide area is less, produces little effect.

Apple Dwarf Stocks intensive culture pattern is the major reform of Apple Culture system, is the main development of world's Apple Culture Direction.At present, American-European countries a general piece adopt the intensive efficiency cultivation technology for high of apple dwarf, it is many country short anvil Fructus Mali pumilaes account for To more than 90%.Per mu yield is high, and percent rate of high quality fruit height is the advantage that the intensive efficiency cultivation technology for high of apple dwarf is projected.Phase per mu yield is abounded with up to 5 More than ton, percent rate of high quality fruit can reach 85%.Comparatively speaking, China is presently mainly tall anvil Fructus Mali pumilae, accounts for 90%, and short anvil Fructus Mali pumilae is only accounted for 10% or so.Therefore, following 10~20 years, China will welcome the high speed development upsurge that an Apple Culture technology upgrading is regenerated. In recent years, the apple cultivation area such as Shaanxi, Shandong had started to scale introduction.With fruit dwarfing technology, particularly short anvil Fructus Mali pumilae The advanced technologies such as intensive culture technique are in the popularization of China, and orchard is spacious in the ranks, and tree-like specification will be orchard operation machineryization Provide convenience.

American-European countries the general piece in short anvil orchard adopt Cover with weed technology, but research show, Cover with weed technology exist with Fruit tree strives water and strives the problem of fertilizer, and causes pest and disease damage to increase.Therefore, current Cover with weed technology is not suitable for China orchard, special It is not drought and water-scarce area.

Therefore, change the simple and crude method of orchard improving straw mulching in the past, study orchard improving straw mulching machineryization technology and develop Go out orchard improving straw mulching work tool, be the key for playing orchard improving straw mulching technical benefits, be also to realize stalk resource in height The important channel of efficient utilization in the fruit industry of added value, is to improve orchard soil moisture, the content of organic matter, realizes that orchard high yield is high The important leverage of effect.

At present, it is fewer in the relevant report of orchard improving straw mulching machineryization technical research and application aspect both at home and abroad.It is existing There are the patents such as technology such as CN104429384A, CN104429385A, CN204377459U, CN204377363 can solve the problem that existing Simple and crude, the time-consuming problem of orchard improving straw mulching technical method, promote application of the improving straw mulching technology in orchard, one Determine to realize orchard soil soil moisture conservation water saving, weight gaining, suppression grass, the effect of heat-preserving anti-freezing in degree, reduce operating cost, improve Fruit industry yield and benefit；Solve orchard surrounding area stalk resource and waste and burn pollution problem.But above technology is also deposited In place of some shortcomings, its main working parts throws soil and cutting agency is arranged in the front portion of whole machine, and being arranged so as to will necessarily Cause trailer wheel to roll coating, form rut, destroy the integrity of coating, make the soil moisture conservation water-retention and suppression of coating The effect of weeds processed is had a greatly reduced quality；Patent CN205213458U solves the problems, such as that forward type wheel rolls destruction coating, makes The soil moisture conservation water-retention of coating and the effect of suppression weeds give full play to, and improve operation quality, but it throws soil and cutting agency Position determine that the soil thrown can form intersection-type collision with the straw discharged in space, have impact on the uniformity of covering and double The layered effect that layer is covered.Although the self-propelled orchard straw covering machine integrated design such as CN201520598228.5, earthing The earthing quality of mechanism is wayward, straw hopper finite volume, affects working performance, overall operation quality also to have much room for improvement.

This utility model discloses a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, can comprehensively solve the above problems, and carries High working performance and quality, promote application of the improving straw mulching technology in orchard, realize orchard soil soil moisture conservation water saving, weight gaining, suppression Grass, insulation, reduce operating cost, improve operation quality, improve fruit industry yield and benefit；Solve orchard surrounding area stalk resource Pollution problem is wasted and burned, increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency is realized.The covering machine can also be used for farmland outside orchard, desert, Sandy beach, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model：A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine is disclosed, orchard straw can be realized Cover and topsoil lid pressure mechanization of operation, standardization, the covering function promotes the popularization and application of orchard improving straw mulching technology, Orchard improving straw mulching operating cost is reduced, improves orchard soil situation, promote the extensive efficient utilization of fruit area periphery straw, realized Increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency.

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model：How orchard straw covering machine working performance and operation quality are improved.

Garden improving straw mulching machineryization is realized, needs are completed according to following processing step：

（1）Straw process：Agricultural crop straw is processed into into broken section of straw；

（2）Orchard improving straw mulching substrate preparation：In step（1）Appropriate soil nutrient thing is added in broken section of described straw Matter or soil structure improved addictive material, and appropriate parasite killing, sterilization treatment are carried out as needed, form orchard improving straw mulching substrate.

（3）Orchard soil is ploughed whole：With agricultural machinery, to orchard, in the ranks soil carries out cultivated pine, hack and leveling operation.

（4）Improving straw mulching：With the machine of covering by step（1）Or step（2）Described straw（Broken section）Substrate is covered in orchard Soil surface in the ranks, cladding thickness is as far as possible uniform.

（5）Thin soil lid pressure：While improving straw mulching, covering machine fetches earth on the spot, in step（4）On the stalk layer of the covering Side covers one layer of hack, the stalk layer thin soil lid pressure that will be covered, and forms straw and topsoil layered coverage.Step（5）Can root Use according to selection is needed.

In order to solve the technical problems to be solved in the utility model, this utility model gives technical scheme below：

A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that crawler body 29 is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame 27, Front is provided with driver's cabin 1, electromotor 30, change speed gear box 28, hydraulic oil container 31 and hydraulic pump 32 on vehicle frame 27, behind the top of vehicle frame 27 Side is provided with straw hopper 2, and rear end bottom and the vehicle frame 27 of straw hopper 2 are hinged；At least one is provided with the crossbeam of vehicle frame 27 Individual hydraulic pressure dump cylinder 26, its lower end is hinged with vehicle frame 27, and its upper end is hinged with the bottom of straw hopper 2；Straw hopper 2 can be in liquid Dumping material after in the presence of pressure dump cylinder 26.

The bicycle basket of described straw hopper 2 has two-layer, and both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion and lower floor be hinged, detachably, May be reversed and hang.

The described inside posterior angle of straw hopper 2 is transversely mounted a material blanking roller 38, material blanking roller 38 and the bottom of straw hopper 2 Gap it is adjustable；Material blanking roller 38 leans on straw hopper（2）Rear outside is wrapped up by a curved baffle 5；Open the bottom of curved baffle 5 It is straw discharging opening 40 at mouthful, the lower section of straw discharging opening 40 is provided with a blanking groove 7 downward backward.

Described crawler body 29 and the rear of straw hopper 2 is casing mechanism 10.

Described casing mechanism 10 includes spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, proposes native device 9, even native device 11, the adjustment of spiral soil distributing apparatus Device 34, frame 8, land wheel 15, parallel four-bar linkage 21, steel wire rope 6, hoist cylinder 25.

Described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 are a screws, and soil is stirred vertically to both sides, including one point native Spiral 33 and soil taking shovel 42；Native spiral 33 is divided to be that helical blade 41 is welded with an axis, helical blade 41 is from the centre of axle For boundary, be divided to or so two sections to be arranged symmetrically, the helical blade 41 of the right and left is oppositely oriented, and it is intersecting in the centre of axle.

Described soil taking shovel 42 contains an arc backboard 42-1, and arc backboard 42-1 rear portions are welded with multiple gusset 42- 2, there is lower ear plate 42-3 and upper ear plate 42-7 on gusset 42-2；The lower front part of arc backboard 42-1 is shovel board 42-4, shovel board 42- There are multiple plough shovel 42-5 4 front portion, and multiple plough shovel 42-5 are evenly distributed in shovel board 42-4 front end, constitute dentalation；Arc is carried on the back The bottom rear of plate 42-1 is shovel support 42-6, and shovel support 42-6 connects with shovel board 42-4.

Described soil taking shovel 42 is hinged by the upper ear plate 42-7 on top and is suspended on the crossbeam of frame 8, under bottom two Screw rod 35 is connected with otic placode 42-3, the top of screw rod 35 is threadedly coupled with frame 8；There is handle 36 at the top of screw rod, for rotating Screw rod 35, adjusts the attitude and embedded depth of soil taking shovel 42.

Put down with the length direction of soil taking shovel 42 the described lateral symmetry arrangement of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, point axial direction of native spiral 33 Go and the two is symmetrically installed；The arc backboard 42-1 of soil taking shovel 42 constitutes certain arc wrap angle, helical-blade with a point native spiral 33 The edge of piece 41 keeps certain spacing with arc backboard 42-1 inner sides.

Length of the length of described helical blade 41 not less than arc backboard 42-1；The arc backboard 42-1 of soil taking shovel 42 Both sides open.

The two ends of described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 spatially connect in front and back with native device 9 is carried；

Described carries the both sides that native device 9 is symmetrically fixed on frame 8, and its front portion connects with the two ends of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, Its rear portion is risen, and is connected up and down with the two ends of the native case 12 of the collection of even native device 11.

The described native device 9 that carries can be using drag conveyor or conveying worm；Lead soil box in the front end for carrying native device 9 18, it is "eight" shape to lead soil box 18, and front wide and rear narrow, its front end is spatially connected in order with the two ends of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, will Spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 are allocated to the soil at two ends and scoop up, gather, and importing is carried inside native device 9.

Described even native device 11 is fixedly mounted on the rear portion of frame 8, and the collection soil case 12 of even native device 11 is a U-type groove Structure, lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom is provided with the soil-discharging port 43 of strip, and an even native spiral 13, even soil are provided with inside it The helical blade 41 of the right and left of spiral 13 is oppositely oriented.

Described helical blade 41 can be normal spiral blade, or helical ring band or uncontinuous spiral blade；

Top of the lower edge of described blanking groove 7 in frame 8, the rear of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, the front of the native case 12 of collection, And just at the neutral gear between the crossbeam of frame 8.

The articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain 21 in both sides of the described rear end of vehicle frame 27, after parallel four-bar linkage 21 Hold the front end cross beam of articulated frame 8；There are respectively two steel wire ropes 6 the rear portion both sides of frame 8 around being fixed on straw hopper 2 Fixed pulley 3 pull from both sides, the other end of steel wire rope 6 crosses oil cylinder pulley 24 and is connected with hoist cylinder 25；In the both sides of frame, It is separately installed with land wheel 15.

Described casing mechanism 10 can land on the ground in orchard improving straw mulching operation, and in orchard, straw covering machine falls Can rise in head or road driving；Described casing mechanism 10 can also rise in orchard improving straw mulching operation and not work, I.e. in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, casing mechanism 10 can be laid down.

Described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that the described output of electromotor 30 is dynamic Power drives respectively the walking of covering machine and hydraulic pump 32 Jing after the speed change of change speed gear box 28；The output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 respectively be fixed on Hydraulic motor I 17 in frame 8 is connected with the hydraulic motor II 23 being fixed on vehicle frame；Hydraulic motor I 17 exports power Jing chains Bar I 16 drives even native spiral 13, and Jing chains II 14 to drive and carry native device 9；The output power Jing of hydraulic motor II 23 chains III 22 Drive material blanking roller 38；The oil pipe middle setting that the output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 is connected with hydraulic motor I 17 has a flow speed control valve；

The power of described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 can take from hydraulic motor I 17 by chain IV 19, also can in addition arrange one Individual hydraulic motor direct drive.

A kind of described Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that the two ends of described material blanking roller 38 It is fixed on the corner column 4 at the rear portion of straw hopper 2 by bearing block 37, position of the bearing block 37 on corner column 4 can go up Lower adjustment, and then adjust the gap of the lower edge of material blanking roller 38 and the bottom of straw hopper 2.

Described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described hydraulic motor I 17 and liquid The output speed of pressure motor II 23 is adjustable.

Described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described material blanking roller 38 is discaling roll Shape structure, on round roller surface multiple rows of spike-tooth 39 is fixed with, and is staggered per nail tooth；Spike-tooth is triangle gear piece or conical tooth.

Described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described straw hopper 2 at least may be used Carry the covering inventory for covering 1 mu of orchard；Described collection soil case 12 is carrying native device 9 not in the case of feed, at least can hold Carry the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m.

A kind of described Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described orchard straw covering machine Can by straw or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；Suitable for arid Semiarid zone or seasonal drought area orchard, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard；Also fit For farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, its operation principle is as follows：

A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model can complete orchard improving straw mulching and Thin soil lid pressure, detailed process and operation principle are expressed as follows：

When orchard improving straw mulching operation is carried out, covering machine in the ranks at the uniform velocity advances in orchard.Straw hopper is tumbled backward, In the presence of material blanking roller, Jing blanking grooves flow out, and the materials such as straw are covered in into ground.Meanwhile, the spiral in casing mechanism point soil Device is allocated the both sides to orchard in the ranks by soil, and soil is gathered, scooped up, imported to by the soil box of leading at spiral soil distributing apparatus both sides rear In carrying native device, boosted, transport, soil drops into the two ends in the native case of collection of even native device.Even native spiral is by the soil at two ends Earth is pushed in the middle of the native case of collection.During push, soil falls from the soil-discharging port in the native bottom portion of collection, and uniform spreading is in straw material On coating.

Advantageous Effects：A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine disclosed in this utility model, using crawler belt Formula walking mechanism, improves by performance and hillside fields adaptability；Straw hopper is increased, effective operation time is increased, is improved Working performance；Soil is dialled using spiral soil distributing apparatus front, native device both sides conveying, the technical side of even native device rear earthing is carried Case, solves soil in prior art and is formed in space with straw and intersect or collide the impact to covering quality；Straw material blanking roller Structure and adjustable with the gap between straw hopper, make straw mulching quantity adjustable, cover uniform；Casing mechanism is rearmounted, keeps away Rut is exempted from；The embedded depth of the soil taking shovel of spiral soil distributing apparatus is adjustable, improves the flexible of the stability that fetches earth and thickness of earth covering Property；Even native device improves the stability and thickness evenness of earthing operation.

Reference

1. the steel wire of 2. straw hopper of driver's cabin, 3. fixed pulley, 4. corner column, 5. curved baffle 6. The frame 9. of 7. blanking groove 8. of restricting carries the even native device 12. of 10. casing mechanism of native device 11. and collects native case The hydraulic motor I 18. of 13. II 15. land wheel of even 14. chain of native spiral, 16. chain I 17. leads soil box 19. The hydraulic motor II 24. of 22. chain of chain IV 20. spiral soil distributing apparatus, 21. parallel four-bar linkage III 23. The crawler body of 28. change speed gear box of oil cylinder pulley 25. hoist cylinder, 26. hydraulic pressure dump cylinder, 27. vehicle frame 29. The native spiral soil distributing apparatus adjusting apparatus 35. of spiral 34. of 33. points of 30. electromotor, 31. hydraulic oil container, 32. hydraulic pump The helical blade of 40. straw discharging opening of screw rod 36. handle, 37. bearing block, 38. material blanking roller, 39. spike-tooth 41 42. soil taking shovel 42-1. arc backboard 42-2. gusset 42-3. lower ear plate 42-4. shovel boards 42-5. plough shovel The soil-discharging port of 42-6. shovel support 42-7. upper ear plates 43..

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of whole machine left side structure figure of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 2 is a kind of whole machine right side structure figure of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 3 is a kind of moving trolley left back structure chart of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 4 is a kind of covering device left front structure chart of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 5 is a kind of covering device upper left side structure chart of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 6 is a kind of covering device lower left structure chart of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 7 is a kind of material blanking roller structure chart of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 8 is a kind of spiral soil distributing apparatus front view of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine

Specific embodiment

The present embodiment is to carry out improving straw mulching machinery in short anvil apple orchard to be turned into industry.3.5 meters of short anvil apple orchard line space ~4.5 meters, tree-like tree crown is neat.

Improving straw mulching is carried out in the short anvil apple orchard of intensive cultivating, needs are completed according to following processing step：

（1）Straw is in small, broken bits：Agricultural crop straw is processed into into broken section of straw；

（2）Orchard improving straw mulching substrate preparation：In step（1）Appropriate soil nutrient thing is added in broken section of described straw Matter or soil structure improved addictive material, and appropriate parasite killing, sterilization treatment are carried out as needed, form orchard improving straw mulching substrate.

（3）Orchard soil is ploughed whole：With agricultural machinery, to orchard, in the ranks soil carries out cultivated pine, hack and leveling operation.

（4）Improving straw mulching：By step（1）Or step（2）Described straw（Broken section）Substrate machinery is covered in orchard row Between or strain between soil surface, cladding thickness is as far as possible uniform.

（5）Thin soil lid pressure：With machinery in step（4）The stalk layer top of the covering covers one layer of hack, by what is covered Stalk layer thin soil lid pressure, forms straw with the double-deck covering of topsoil.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that on crawler body 29 Side is fixed with vehicle frame 27, and the top of vehicle frame 27 front is provided with driver's cabin 1, electromotor 30, change speed gear box 28, hydraulic oil container 31 and hydraulic pressure Pump 32, the upper back of vehicle frame 27 is provided with straw hopper 2, and rear end and the vehicle frame 27 of straw hopper 2 are hinged；On the crossbeam of vehicle frame 27 2 hydraulic pressure dump cylinders 26 are installed, its lower end is hinged with vehicle frame 27, its upper end is hinged with the bottom of straw hopper 2；Straw hopper 2 can in the presence of hydraulic pressure dump cylinder 26 after dumping material.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the bicycle basket of described straw hopper 2 has a two-layer, both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion with Lower floor is hinged, and detachably, may be reversed and hangs.

As shown in figure 3, the described inside posterior angle of straw hopper 2 is transversely mounted a material blanking roller 38, material blanking roller 38 and straw The gap of the bottom of stalk hopper 2 is adjustable；Wrapped up by a curved baffle 5 in the outside of material blanking roller 38；At the bottom opening of curved baffle 5 It is straw discharging opening 40, the lower section of straw discharging opening 40 is provided with a blanking groove 7 downward backward.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described crawler body 29 and the rear of straw hopper 2 is casing mechanism 10.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, described casing mechanism 10 includes spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, carries native device 9, even soil dress Put 11, spiral soil distributing apparatus adjusting apparatus 34, frame 8, land wheel 15, parallel four-bar linkage 21, steel wire rope 6, hoist cylinder 25.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 are a screws, by soil vertically to two Side is stirred, including a point of native spiral 33 and soil taking shovel 42；Native spiral 33 is divided to be to be welded with helical blade 41, spiral shell on an axis Vane piece 41 is boundary from the centre of axle, is divided to or so two sections to be arranged symmetrically, and the helical blade 41 of the right and left is oppositely oriented, and Intersect the centre of axle.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described soil taking shovel 42 contains an arc backboard 42-1, the weldering of arc backboard 42-1 rear portions Multiple gusset 42-2 are connected to, there is otic placode 42-3 on gusset 42-2；The lower front part of arc backboard 42-1 is shovel board 42-4, shovel board There are multiple plough shovel 42-5 the front portion of 42-4, and multiple plough shovel 42-5 are evenly distributed in shovel board 42-4 front end, constitute dentalation；Arc The bottom rear of backboard 42-1 is shovel support 42-6, and shovel support 42-6 connects with shovel board 42-4.

As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described soil taking shovel 42 is hinged by the two of top otic placode 42-3 and is suspended on frame 8 On crossbeam, screw rod 35 is connected with the otic placode 42-3 of bottom two, the top of screw rod 35 is threadedly coupled with frame 8；Have at the top of screw rod Handle 36, for rotary screw 35, adjusts the attitude and embedded depth of soil taking shovel 42.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, the described lateral symmetry arrangement of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, the axial direction of point native spiral 33 with The length direction of soil taking shovel 42 is parallel and the two is symmetrically installed；The arc backboard 42-1 of soil taking shovel 42 constitutes one with a point native spiral 33 Fixed arc wrap angle, the edge of helical blade 41 keeps certain spacing with arc backboard 42-1 inner sides.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, the length of described helical blade 41 is not less than the length of arc backboard 42-1 Degree；The arc backboard 42-1 both sides of soil taking shovel 42 open.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the two ends of described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 spatially connect in front and back with native device 9 is carried；

As shown in figure 1, described carries the both sides that native device 9 is symmetrically fixed on frame 8, its anterior and spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 Two ends connect, and its rear portion is risen, and are connected up and down with the two ends of the native case 12 of the collection of even native device 11.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the described native device 9 that carries can be using drag conveyor or conveying worm, in the present embodiment Using drag conveyor；Soil box 18 is led in the front end for carrying native device 9, leads soil box 18 for "eight" shape, front wide and rear narrow, its front end with The two ends of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 are spatially connected in order, and the soil that spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 are allocated to two ends is scooped up, gathered, and import Carry inside native device 9.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, described even native device 11 is fixedly mounted on the rear portion of frame 8, even native device 11 The native case 12 of collection is a U-type groove structure, and lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom is provided with the soil-discharging port 43 of strip, is provided with inside it One even native spiral 13, the helical blade 41 of the right and left of even native spiral 13 is oppositely oriented.

As shown in figure 5, described helical blade 41 can be normal spiral blade, or helical ring band or discontinuous Helical blade；In the present embodiment, helical blade 41 is helical ring band.

As shown in figure 1, top of the lower edge of described blanking groove 7 in frame 8, the rear of spiral soil distributing apparatus 20, collection soil The front of case 12, and just at the neutral gear between the crossbeam of frame 8.

As shown in figure 1, the articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain 21 in both sides of the described rear end of vehicle frame 27, parallel―ordinal shift The front end cross beam of the articulated frame 8 in rear end of mechanism 21；There are respectively two steel wire ropes 6 the rear portion both sides of frame 8 around being fixed on Fixed pulley 3 on straw hopper 2 is pulled from both sides, and the other end of steel wire rope 6 is crossed oil cylinder pulley 24 and is connected with hoist cylinder 25； The both sides of frame, are separately installed with land wheel 15.

As shown in figure 1, described casing mechanism 10 can land on the ground in orchard improving straw mulching operation, in orchard straw Stalk cover machine turn around or road driving in can rise；Described casing mechanism 10 can also rise in orchard improving straw mulching operation Rise and do not work, i.e., in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, can be by drag links Structure 10 is laid down.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described The output power of electromotor 30 drives respectively the walking of covering machine and hydraulic pump 32 Jing after the speed change of change speed gear box 28；The output oil of hydraulic pump 32 Pipe is connected respectively with the hydraulic motor I 17 being fixed in frame 8 and the hydraulic motor II 23 being fixed on vehicle frame；Hydraulic motor I 17 output power Jing chains I 16 drive even native spiral 13, and Jing chains II 14 to drive and carry native device 9；Hydraulic motor II 23 is exported Power Jing chains III 22 drive material blanking roller 38；The oil pipe middle setting that the output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 is connected with hydraulic motor I 17 has One flow speed control valve.

As shown in figure 1, the power of described spiral soil distributing apparatus 20 can take from hydraulic motor I 17 by chain IV 19, also may be used One hydraulic motor direct drive is set in addition.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described The two ends of material blanking roller 38 are fixed on the corner column 4 at the rear portion of straw hopper 2 by bearing block 37, and bearing block 37 is in corner column Position on 4 can adjust up and down, and then adjust the gap of the lower edge of material blanking roller 38 and the bottom of straw hopper 2.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, described a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described The output speed of hydraulic motor I 17 and hydraulic motor II 23 is adjustable.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, a kind of described Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that institute The material blanking roller 38 stated is discaling roll shape structure, and on round roller surface multiple rows of spike-tooth 39 is fixed with, and is staggered per nail tooth；Spike-tooth is three Angle gear piece or conical tooth.Spike-tooth is triangle gear piece in the present embodiment.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a kind of described Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that institute The straw hopper 2 stated can at least carry the straw amount for covering 1 mu of orchard；Described collection native case 12 is carrying the not feed of native device 9 In the case of, can at least carry the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m.

A kind of described Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described orchard straw covering machine Can by straw or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；Suitable for arid Semiarid zone or seasonal drought area orchard, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard；Also fit For farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

Further illustrate a kind of operation principle of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model：

A kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model can complete orchard improving straw mulching and Thin soil lid presses step, detailed process and operation principle to be expressed as follows：

When orchard improving straw mulching operation is carried out, covering machine in the ranks at the uniform velocity advances in orchard.Straw hopper is tumbled backward, In the presence of material blanking roller, Jing blanking grooves flow out, and the materials such as straw are covered in into ground.Meanwhile, the spiral in casing mechanism point soil Device is allocated the both sides to orchard in the ranks by soil, and soil is gathered, scooped up, imported to by the soil box of leading at spiral soil distributing apparatus both sides rear In carrying native device, boosted, transport, soil drops into the two ends in the native case of collection of even native device.Even native spiral is by the soil at two ends Earth is pushed in the middle of the native case of collection.During push, soil falls from the soil-discharging port in the native bottom portion of collection, and uniform spreading is in straw material On coating.

Hereinafter 3 points need special instruction：

1. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine of this utility model dials soil and shovel using spiral soil distributing apparatus front Soil, proposes native device both sides conveying, and the technical scheme of the native case rear earthing of collection, different from the technology of existing patent, solves soil Intersection-type collision is formed in space with straw, the problem for making the uniformity and the double-deck layered effect for covering of covering have a greatly reduced quality makes Straw mulching layer and the laying of thin soil lid laminate layer uniform ground ground.

2. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine of this utility model is gone back in addition to short anvil apple orchard is particularly well-suited to Suitable for other orchards for needing to preserve soil moisture in Arid＆semi-arid area or seasonal drought area, economizing on water or soil, Huo Zhexu Soil organic matter content is improved, improves other orchards or soil of soil property and geobiont microenvironment, or need to suppress fruit Other orchards of garden weeds or soil, or need other orchards to soil heat preservation or soil, or the various need of summary Other orchards wanted or soil.

3. this utility model description and accompanying drawing give some technical schemes thin for clear explanation technical scheme Section, these details are not to the restriction of this utility model claims.Any deformation that these details are made or modification, Without departing from this utility model protective scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that crawler body（29）It is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame （27）, vehicle frame（27）Upper front is provided with driver's cabin（1）, electromotor（30）, change speed gear box（28）, hydraulic oil container（31）And hydraulic pump （32）, vehicle frame（27）Upper back is provided with straw hopper（2）, straw hopper（2）Rear end bottom and vehicle frame（27）It is hinged；Car Frame（27）Crossbeam at least one hydraulic pressure dump cylinder is installed（26）, its lower end and vehicle frame（27）It is hinged, its upper end and straw Stalk hopper（2）Bottom is hinged；Straw hopper（2）Can be in hydraulic pressure dump cylinder（26）In the presence of after dumping material；

Straw hopper（2）Bicycle basket have two-layer, both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion and lower floor be hinged, and detachably, may be reversed outstanding Hang；

Straw hopper（2）Internal posterior angle is transversely mounted a material blanking roller（38）, material blanking roller（38）With straw hopper（2）Bottom Gap is adjustable；Material blanking roller（38）By straw hopper（2）Rear outside is by a curved baffle（5）Parcel；Curved baffle（5）Bottom It is straw discharging opening at portion's opening（40）, straw discharging opening（40）Lower section one blanking groove downward backward is installed（7）；

Crawler body（29）With straw hopper（2）Rear be casing mechanism（10）；

Casing mechanism（10）Including spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）, carry native device（9）, even native device（11）, spiral soil distributing apparatus adjustment dress Put（34）, frame（8）, land wheel（15）, parallel four-bar linkage（21）, steel wire rope（6）, hoist cylinder（25）；

Spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）It is a screw, soil is stirred vertically to both sides, including a point of native spiral（33） And soil taking shovel（42）；Divide native spiral（33）It is to be welded with helical blade on an axis（41）, helical blade（41）From axle Between for boundary, be divided to or so two sections to be arranged symmetrically, the helical blade of the right and left（41）It is oppositely oriented, and intersect in the centre of axle；

Soil taking shovel（42）Containing an arc backboard（42-1）, arc backboard（42-1）Rear portion is welded with multiple gussets（42-2）, Gusset（42-2）On have lower ear plate（42-3）And upper ear plate（42-7）；Arc backboard（42-1）Lower front part be shovel board（42- 4）, shovel board（42-4）Front portion have it is multiple plough shovel（42-5）, multiple plough shovels（42-5）In shovel board（42-4）Front end is evenly distributed, structure Into dentalation；Arc backboard（42-1）Bottom rear be shovel support（42-6）, shovel support（42-6）With shovel board（42-4）Connect；

Soil taking shovel（42）By the upper ear plate on top（42-7）It is hinged and is suspended on frame（8）Crossbeam on, the lower ear plate of bottom two （42-3）On be connected with screw rod（35）, screw rod（35）Top and frame（8）Threaded connection；There is handle at the top of screw rod（36）, use In rotary screw（35）, adjust soil taking shovel（42）Attitude and embedded depth；

Spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Lateral symmetry arrangement, point native spiral（33）Axial direction and soil taking shovel（42）Length direction it is parallel and The two is symmetrically installed；Soil taking shovel（42）Arc backboard（42-1）With a point native spiral（33）Constitute certain arc wrap angle, spiral Blade（41）Edge and arc backboard（42-1）Inner side keeps certain spacing；

Helical blade（41）Length be not less than arc backboard（42-1）Length；Soil taking shovel（42）Arc backboard（42-1）Two Side opens

Spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Two ends with carry native device（9）Connect before and after spatially；

Carry native device（9）Symmetrically it is fixed on frame（8）Both sides, it is anterior with spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Two ends connect, thereafter Portion rises, with even native device（11）Collection soil case（12）Two ends be spatially connected up and down；

Carry native device（9）Can be using drag conveyor or conveying worm；Carry native device（9）Front end lead soil box（18）, lead Soil box（18）It is front wide and rear narrow for "eight" shape, its front end and spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Two ends it is spatially connected in order, by spiral shell Rotation soil distributing apparatus（20）The soil for being allocated to two ends is scooped up, gathered, and importing carries native device（9）It is internal；

Even native device（11）It is fixedly mounted on frame（8）Rear portion, even native device（11）Collection soil case（12）It is a U-type groove knot Structure, lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom is provided with the soil-discharging port of strip（43）, an even native spiral is installed inside it（13）, it is even Native spiral（13）The right and left helical blade（41）It is oppositely oriented；

Described helical blade（41）Can be normal spiral blade, or helical ring band or uncontinuous spiral blade；

Blanking groove（7）Lower edge be in frame（8）Top, spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Rear, the native case of collection（12）Front, and And just in frame（8）At neutral gear between crossbeam；

Vehicle frame（27）The articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain in both sides of rear end（21）, parallel four-bar linkage（21）Rear end hinge Then frame（8）Front end cross beam；Frame（8）Rear portion both sides have two steel wire ropes respectively（6）Around being fixed on straw hopper （2）On fixed pulley（3）From both sides drawing, steel wire rope（6）The other end cross oil cylinder pulley（24）With hoist cylinder（25）It is connected； In the both sides of frame, land wheel is separately installed with（15）；

Described casing mechanism（10）Can land on the ground during improving straw mulching operation in orchard, in orchard, straw covering machine turns around Or can rise in road driving；Described casing mechanism（10）Can also rise during improving straw mulching operation in orchard and not work, I.e. in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, can be by casing mechanism（10）Unload Fall.

2. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described starts Machine（30）Output power Jing change speed gear boxes（28）Covering machine is driven to walk and hydraulic pump after speed change respectively（32）；Hydraulic pump（32）It is defeated Flowline respectively be fixed on frame（8）On hydraulic motor I（17）With the hydraulic motor II being fixed on vehicle frame（23）It is connected； Hydraulic motor I（17）Output power Jing chains I（16）Drive even native spiral（13）, and Jing chains II（14）Driving carries native device （9）；Hydraulic motor II（23）Output power Jing chains III（22）Drive material blanking roller（38）；Hydraulic pump（32）Output oil pipe and hydraulic pressure Motor I（17）Connected oil pipe middle setting has a flow speed control valve；

Spiral soil distributing apparatus（20）Power can pass through chain IV（19）Take from hydraulic motor I（17）, a liquid also can be set in addition Pressure motor directly drives.

3. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described blanking Roller（38）Two ends pass through bearing block（37）It is fixed on straw hopper（2）The corner column at rear portion（4）On, bearing block（37）On side Corner post（4）On position can adjust up and down, and then adjust material blanking roller（38）Lower edge and straw hopper（2）The gap of bottom.

4. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydraulic pressure Motor I（17）With hydraulic motor II（23）Output speed it is adjustable.

5. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described blanking Roller（38）It is discaling roll shape structure, on round roller surface multiple rows of spike-tooth is fixed with（39）, it is staggered per nail tooth；Spike-tooth is rake tooth Piece or conical tooth.

6. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described straw Hopper（2）The covering inventory for covering 1 mu of orchard can at least be carried；Described collection soil case（12）Carrying native device（9）Not feed In the case of, can at least carry the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m.

7. a kind of Double helix earthing formula orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described orchard Straw covering machine can by straw or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure； Suitable for Arid＆semi-arid area or seasonal drought area orchard, the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture is particularly suitable for, such as short anvil Apple orchard；It is also applied for farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.