CN108432404A - A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine - Google Patents
A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108432404A CN108432404A CN201810305235.XA CN201810305235A CN108432404A CN 108432404 A CN108432404 A CN 108432404A CN 201810305235 A CN201810305235 A CN 201810305235A CN 108432404 A CN108432404 A CN 108432404A
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- fertilizer
- fertilizer box
- ditching
- fertilising
- box
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
- A01C15/16—Fertiliser distributors with means for pushing out the fertiliser, e.g. by a roller
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ditching-fertilizing machines, including hydraulic system, fertilizer box (6), rack (16), fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, single-groove fertilizer apparatus, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, ditching depth regulating device, walking mechanism.The machine can pass through regulation of hydraulic system ditching depth, dose；The machine has single-groove fertilizer apparatus, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, and replaceable use；When the machine matches single-groove fertilizer apparatus, it can be achieved that the applying fruit trees with fertilizer smaller to line-spacing；When the machine matches double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, it can be achieved that the applying fruit trees with fertilizer larger to line-spacing, makes ditching-fertilizing close to fruit tree root system, and improve working efficiency.The present invention is suitable for orchard organic fertilizer mechanized application, is suitable for fruit tree trench digging, fertilising, the earthing integrated do mechanization operation of different spacings, and adjustable ditching depth, dose.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, specifically a kind of achievable trench digging, application of organic fertilizers, earthing integrated operation
Orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator.
Background technology
Fertilising is key operation link in production of fruit trees, is played to fruit quality, yield and the growth of fruit tree heavy to closing
The effect wanted.Chemical fertilizer abbreviation chemical fertilizer refers to the artificial synthesized fertilizer being produced into, such as phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer (urea).Have
Machine fertilizer is to be mainly derived from plant and animal, imposes on soil to provide the carbonaceous material that plant nutrient is its major function.Broad sense
On organic fertilizer be commonly called as farm manure, including compost, make compost, barnyard manure (refers to the fecaluria and stalk of the livestock and poultry such as pig, ox, horse, sheep, chicken, duck
Fertilizer made of bedding and padding stack retting), natural pond fertilizer, green manure, cake fertilizer etc..Organic fertilizer is full nutritious fertilizer, contains a variety of battalion needed for fruit tree
The fertilizer formed point will be under certain moisture, temperature condition, by the effect of microorganism, by rotting after being manured into soil
It decomposes, after mineralising, can just release inorganic nutritive element and humus, be absorbed and utilized for fruit tree.
Studies have shown that fruit tree application of organic fertilizers has following a variety of benefits：(1) fruit tree can be alleviated or avoided in application of organic fertilizers
Because the phenomenon that fertilizer deficiency influences growth, result, occurs.Fruit tree is growth period in year longer industrial crops, and the available nutrient of organic fertilizer contains
Amount, though be not as high as various inorganic fertilizer contents, the release of its available nutrient for long fertilizers period.(2) it after application of organic fertilizers, can prevent
Or mitigate the generation of various physiological diseases (nutritional deficiency disease).Nutritional ingredient contained by organic fertilizer is complete, and it is opposite can to supplement fruit tree demand
Less trace element.(3) under the conditions of application of organic fertilizers, using inorganic fertilizer, or both it is mixed apply, inorganic fertilizer can be significantly improved
Utilization rate and fertilizer efficiency.Research confirms that during inorganic phosphorus fertilizer (crossing phosphorus calcium) is individually directly manured into soil, fruit tree absorption rate only has
25% or so, it applies if taking and being mixed with organic fertilizer, can be improved to 50% by fruit tree absorption rate.And what organic fertilizer was generated
The aggregate that organic matter is formed with grogs has stronger adsorptivity, to reduce the fertilizer such as applied inorganic nitrogen, potassium
It is lost in.(4) application of organic fertilizers plays the role of Soil building.
From the point of view of consulting literatures data and orchard are investigated on the spot, organic fertilizer ditching-fertilizing correlation present situation is as follows：
(1) on fruit tree management, fertilising is the work that workload is big, labor intensity is big.More orchard is using tradition
Artificially applying fertilizer method, especially application of organic fertilizers when, need to be applied in every fruit tree both sides, root system integrated distribution layer ditching or dig pit
Fertilizer, manual work is extremely difficult, and orchard worker's labor intensity is big, low production efficiency, and the utilization rate of fertilizer is not high, and an urgent demand is logical
Mechanization is crossed to substitute heavy manual labor.
(2) it is directed to the mechanized application operation in orchard, ditching machine comes into being.Part orchard is secondary using ditching, applying fertilizer
Operation, operating type are：Orchard is first ditched with ditching machine, is then manually applied fertilizer again, earthing operation.Trench digging, fertilising
The production efficiency of secondary operation is not still high.
(3) kind of drive of fertilizer applicator fertilizer expelling shaft mainly has three classes：The first kind is power from transport wheel or land wheel, use
Chain drive drives fertilizer expelling shaft；Second class is that tractor hydraulic output driving hydraulic motor, hydraulic motor is used to be driven by chain drive
Dynamic fertilizer expelling shaft；Third class is that power comes from tractor motive power output shaft.In the case where other duty parameters are certain, (defertilizing opening is opened
One timing of degree), dose is influenced by the rotating speed of fertilizer distributor fertilizer expelling shaft, and rotating speed is high, and dose is bigger；Conversely, dose is got over
It is few.Therefore, dose is difficult to realize adjusting and equal control on demand.
(4) in recent years, domestic ditching-fertilizing machine newly developed has both trench digging, fertilising, function of covering soil, but mainly for application
Chemical fertilizer and design, using single-groove fertilising operation pattern, fertilizer box capacity is small, is not suitable for a large amount of applications of organic fertilizer；Fertilizer apparatus class
The material characteristic of type and organic fertilizer mismatches；For ditching-fertilizing machine based on the kinds of drive such as gear, chain, drive mechanism is complicated, passes
Efficiency of movement is low, and easily occurs overloading leading to damage parts.
(5) applying fruit trees with fertilizer mainly has：Caving ＆ fertilizing, bar ditch fertilising two ways.For the orchard of appropriate planting scale, item
Ditch fertilising is more suitable for realizing that efficient mechanical is turned into industry.
(6) domestic planting fruit trees pattern disunity, line-spacing range is about 3m~5m.The agriculture requirement packet of ditching-fertilizing
It includes：Ditching-fertilizing should facilitate crop to absorb fertilizer nutrient close proximity to fruit tree root system；The different age of trees, different cultivars fruit tree open
Ditch fertilization depth is different；The dose that different soils requires is different.
Invention content
It is asked for planting fruit trees line-spacing disunity, organic manure application rate adjusting, ditching depth adjusting, efficient ditching-fertilizing etc.
Topic, provides a kind of ditching-fertilizing machine；The machine can pass through regulation of hydraulic system ditching depth, dose；The machine is applied with single-groove
Fertile device, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, and replaceable use；When the machine matches single-groove fertilizer apparatus, it can be achieved that smaller to line-spacing
Applying fruit trees with fertilizer；When the machine matches double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, it can be achieved that the applying fruit trees with fertilizer larger to line-spacing, makes ditching-fertilizing close to fruit
Tree root system, and improve working efficiency.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：
A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine, including hydraulic system, fertilizer box 6, rack 16, fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, fertilizer box carrier bar
Formula fertilizer-conveying device, single-groove fertilizer apparatus, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, ditching depth regulating device, walking mechanism.
The hydraulic system, including hydraulic oil source, hydraulic control valve group 2, hydraulic actuator；The hydraulic pressure executes member
Part, including fertilizer box opening degree adjusts oil cylinder 7, ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder 13, fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4, first applies fertilizer
The fertilising hydraulic motor 27 of hydraulic motor 26, second；The hydraulic control valve group 2, including directional control valve, overflow valve, speed governing valve；
The fertilizer box 6, open top are fixedly installed in the top of rack 16；The fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, it is horizontal
It is installed on the bottom of fertilizer box 6, the tail portion for the fertilizer in fertilizer box 6 to be transported to fertilizer box 6；
Below the tail portion of the rack 16, by detachable bolt, single-groove fertilizer apparatus or double ditch fertilizer apparatuses are mounted；
The ditching depth regulating device, is installed on the lower section of rack 16；The walking mechanism is installed on ditching depth regulating device
Lower section；
The fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, including fertilizer box overhead door 17, guide groove 18 adjust oil cylinder by fertilizer box opening degree
7 drivings；The guide groove 18 is set to the rear end both sides of fertilizer box 6；The fertilizer box overhead door 17, is installed in guide groove 18, and
It can be slided up and down along guide groove 18；The lower section of the fertilizer box overhead door 17 is equipped with fertilizer outlet；The fertilizer box opening degree adjusts oil
Cylinder 7, cylinder barrel end are perpendicularly fixed at the upper rear end of fertilizer box 6, and piston rod 19 is fixedly connected with fertilizer box overhead door 17；
The fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, including the defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft 8 of the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of fertilizer box, fertilizer box, fertilizer
Case carrier chain 20, the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of the fertilizer box, is driven by fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4；The defeated fertilizer of fertilizer box is main
Movable sprocket axis 5 is located at the bottom end of fertilizer box 6；The defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft 8 of the fertilizer box, is located at the bottom other end of fertilizer box 6；
The defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft 8 of the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of the fertilizer box, fertilizer box, is connected by fertilizer box carrier chain 20；The fertilizer box conveying
Chain 20 fixes several carrier bars 21 at equal intervals；
The ditching depth regulating device, including branch weight frame assembly 15 adjust oil cylinder 13 by ditching depth and drive；The branch
Weight frame assembly 15, upper end and the middle part of rack 16 are hinged, and lower end is connect with walking mechanism；The ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder 13,
One end and the rear portion of rack 16 are hinged, and the middle part of the other end and branch weight frame assembly 15 is hinged；
The single-groove fertilizer apparatus, including fertilizer apparatus 9, coverer 10, plough 11, hanger bracket I 12；The fertilizer apparatus 9
It is open funnel structure, by hanger bracket I 12, is fixed below the rear end of rack 16；The coverer 10, is installed on fertilizer
The rear end lower of device 9；The plough 11 is installed on the front lower portion of fertilizer apparatus 9；
Double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, including the first fertilizer apparatus, the second fertilizer apparatus；First fertilizer apparatus, second
Fertilizer apparatus is installed below the rear end of rack 16, is symmetrically arranged by hanger bracket II 32；First fertilizer apparatus,
It is fixed on the rear end lower left of rack 16；Second fertilizer apparatus is fixed on the rear end lower right of rack 16；
First fertilizer apparatus, including the first fertilizer apparatus 24, the first coverer 22, the first plough 28, the first carrier bar
Shi Shufei mechanisms 30；First fertilizer apparatus 24 is open funnel structure, is installed on the outer of the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30
Side；First coverer 22 is installed on the rear end lower of the first fertilizer apparatus 24；First plough 28, is installed on first
The front lower portion of fertilizer apparatus 24；The first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, including first fertilising drive sprocket axle, first fertilising from
Movable sprocket axis, the first fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the first fertilising hydraulic motor 26；The first fertilising drive sprocket axle, first
Apply fertilizer driven chain wheel shaft, and chain link is conveyed by the first fertilising；The first fertilising carrier chain, the lower section for being located at fertilizer outlet are left
Portion；
Second fertilizer apparatus, including the second fertilizer apparatus 25, the second coverer 23, the second plough 29, the second carrier bar
Shi Shufei mechanisms 31；Second fertilizer apparatus 25 is open funnel structure, is installed on the outer of the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31
Side；Second coverer 23 is installed on the rear end lower of the second fertilizer apparatus 25；Second plough 29, is installed on second
The front lower portion of fertilizer apparatus 25；The second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31, including second fertilising drive sprocket axle, second fertilising from
Movable sprocket axis, the second fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the second fertilising hydraulic motor 27；The second fertilising drive sprocket axle, second
Apply fertilizer driven chain wheel shaft, and chain link is conveyed by the second fertilising；The second fertilising carrier chain, the lower section for being located at fertilizer outlet are right
Portion.
On the basis of said program, first fertilizer apparatus 24, including striker plate 35, plough mounting plate 33, blanking
Bucket 37, reinforcing rib I 36, crossbeam 34；The plough mounting plate 33, front lower portion are connected by screw bolts with the first plough 28,
Rear end is connected by screw bolts with lower hopper 37；The crossbeam 34 is fixed on the upper end side of plough mounting plate 33, passes through suspension
Frame II 32 is fixed below the rear end of rack 16；The lower hopper 37, upper and lower opening, and rear end lower are open；The reinforcement
Muscle I 36 is installed on the side of lower hopper 37；The striker plate 35 is installed on the top of lower hopper 37, and around lower hopper 37
Upper opening, for receiving the fertilizer from the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, fertilizer passes through lower hopper 37 under Gravitative Loads；
Second fertilizer apparatus 25 is to be arranged symmetrically with the first fertilizer apparatus 24.
On the basis of said program, the fertilizer box 6, backsight longitudinal section is a up big and down small isosceles trapezoid, side view
Longitudinal section is a up big and down small right-angled trapezium；The fertilizer box 6, two sides are respectively welded reinforcing rib II.
On the basis of said program, the fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4 is the hydraulic motor with retarder.
On the basis of said program, the fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4 is low speed high torque hydraulic motor.
On the basis of said program, the coverer 10, the first coverer 22, the second coverer 23 are made using spring
Be bonded with ground.
On the basis of said program, the coverer 10, the first coverer 22, the second coverer 23 are made using dead weight
Be bonded with ground.
On the basis of said program, the walking mechanism is traveling wheel 14.
On the basis of said program, the walking mechanism is crawler type walking mechanism.
On the basis of said program, the ditching-fertilizing machine further includes hitch frame assembly 1, lifting support 3；It is described to lead
Draw frame assembly 1, the front end of rack 16 is installed on, for mounting tractor；The lifting support 3 is installed on hitch frame assembly 1
Side, close 16 side of rack, for when hitch frame assembly 1 and tractor disconnect, lifting support 3 to fall and supports whole
Machine.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：For orchard organic fertilizer application problem, trench digging, fertilising, earthing can be achieved in the present invention
Institutional operation.Its specific technique effect is as follows：
(1) ditching depth is adjusted：Oil cylinder 13 is adjusted by ditching depth, ditching depth regulating device, Jin Ergai can be driven
Become ditching depth.
(2) fertilizer box opening degree is adjusted：Oil cylinder 7 is adjusted by fertilizer box opening degree, fertilizer box opening degree regulating device can be driven, into
And change the opening degree of 6 tail portion fertilizer outlet of fertilizer box.
(3) single-groove fertilising and its dose are adjusted：Passed through using hinged bolt for the smaller applying fruit trees with fertilizer of line-spacing
Hanger bracket I 12 mounts single-groove fertilizer apparatus below 6 tail portion of fertilizer box.Oil cylinder 13 is adjusted by ditching depth, trench digging can be driven deep
Regulating device is spent, and then changes ditching depth.It is defeated by fertilizer box fertilizer in one timing of opening degree of 6 tail portion fertilizer outlet of fertilizer box
Liquor charging pressure motor 4 can drive fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, fertilizer to apply fertilizer and fill into single-groove through 6 tail portion fertilizer outlet of fertilizer box
It sets, is then fallen under Gravitative Loads in the ditch held successfully；By hydraulic technique knowledge it is found that changing fertilizer box fertilizer conveys hydraulic motor
4 rotating speed, so that it may to change defeated fertile speed, and then adjust single-groove dose.
(4) double ditch fertilisings and its dose are adjusted：For the applying fruit trees with fertilizer that line-spacing is larger, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses are mounted.
One timing of opening degree of 6 tail portion fertilizer outlet of fertilizer box, conveys hydraulic motor 4 by fertilizer box fertilizer, fertilizer box chain-plate type can be driven defeated
Fertile device, fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer through 6 tail portion of fertilizer box, into double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；First fertilising hydraulic motor 26, second applies fertilizer
Hydraulic motor 27 respectively drives the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31 of double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, the
One chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31 convey fertilizer to the first fertilizer apparatus 24, the second fertilizer apparatus 25 respectively
Material, under Gravitative Loads, fertilizer is fallen into through the first fertilizer apparatus 24, the second fertilizer apparatus 25 in the ditch held successfully；In other duty parameters
For certain value when, by hydraulic technique knowledge it is found that change first fertilising hydraulic motor 26, second apply fertilizer hydraulic motor 27 turn
Speed can adjust double ditch doses.
Description of the drawings
The present invention has following attached drawing：
Fig. 1 has the side view of the ditching-fertilizing machine of single-groove fertilizer apparatus；
Fig. 2 has the rearview of the ditching-fertilizing machine of single-groove fertilizer apparatus；
Fig. 3 has the vertical view of the ditching-fertilizing machine of single-groove fertilizer apparatus；
Fig. 4 has the side view of the ditching-fertilizing machine of double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；
Fig. 5 has the rearview of the ditching-fertilizing machine of double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；
Fig. 6 has the vertical view of the ditching-fertilizing machine of double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；
The isometric view of first fertilizer apparatus described in Fig. 7.
Reference numeral：
1. hitch frame assembly, 2. hydraulic control valve groups, 3. lifting supports, 4. fertilizer box fertilizer convey hydraulic motor, 5. fertilizer box
Defeated fertilizer drive sprocket axle, 6. fertilizer box, 7. fertilizer box opening degrees adjusting oil cylinder, the defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft of 8. fertilizer box, 9. fertilizer apparatus, 10.
Coverer, 11. ploughs, 12. hanger brackets I, 13. ditching depths adjust oil cylinder, 14. traveling wheels, 15. weight frame assemblies, 16. machines
Frame, 17. fertilizer box overhead doors, 18. guide grooves, 19. piston rods, 20. fertilizer box carrier chains, 21. carrier bars, 22. first coverers, 23.
Second coverer, 24. first fertilizer apparatus, 25. second fertilizer apparatus, 26. first fertilising hydraulic motors, 27. second fertilising hydraulic pressure horses
It reaches, 28. first ploughs, 29. second ploughs, 30. first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms, 31. second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms,
32. hanger bracket II, 33. plough mounting plates, 34. crossbeams, 35. striker plates, 36. reinforcing ribs I, 37. lower hoppers.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
As shown in figs. 1 to 6, a kind of ditching-fertilizing machine, including hydraulic system, fertilizer box 6, rack 16, fertilizer box opening degree are adjusted
Device, fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, single-groove fertilizer apparatus, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, ditching depth regulating device, walking mechanism.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, walking mechanism uses traveling wheel 14；At this point, the ditching-fertilizing machine, further includes hitch frame assembly
1, lifting support 3；The hitch frame assembly 1, is installed on the front end of rack 16, for mounting tractor；The lifting support 3,
1 top of hitch frame assembly is installed on, close to 16 side of rack, for when hitch frame assembly 1 and tractor disconnect, lifting
Holder 3 falls and supports complete machine.The hydraulic system, including hydraulic oil source, hydraulic control valve group 2, hydraulic actuator；It is described
Hydraulic actuator, including fertilizer box opening degree adjusts oil cylinder 7, ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder 13, fertilizer box fertilizer conveys hydraulic motor
4, the first fertilising fertilising hydraulic motor 27 of hydraulic motor 26, second；It is connected by oil pipe between each Hydraulic Elements；Hydraulic oil source comes
It is exported from tractor hydraulic.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 6, the hydraulic control valve group 2 is installed on the front upper of hitch frame assembly 1, packet
Include directional control valve, overflow valve, speed governing valve.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, the fertilizer box 6, open top is fixedly installed in the top of rack 16.
Shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 6, the fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device is horizontally installed to the bottom of fertilizer box 6, is used for fertilizer box 6
Interior fertilizer is transported to the tail portion of fertilizer box 6.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, below the tail portion of the rack 16, by detachable bolt, mount single-groove fertilizer apparatus or
Double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；The ditching depth regulating device, is installed on the lower section of rack 16；The walking mechanism is installed on trench digging
The lower section of depth adjustment.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, the fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, including fertilizer box overhead door 17, guide groove 18, it is opened by fertilizer box
Mouth degree adjusts oil cylinder 7 and drives；The guide groove 18 is set to the rear end both sides of fertilizer box 6；The fertilizer box overhead door 17, is installed on
In guide groove 18, and it can be slided up and down along guide groove 18；The lower section of the fertilizer box overhead door 17 is equipped with fertilizer outlet；The fertilizer
Box opening degree adjusts oil cylinder 7, and cylinder barrel end is perpendicularly fixed at the upper rear end of fertilizer box 6, and piston rod 19 is fixed with fertilizer box overhead door 17
Connection.
Shown in Fig. 1~6, the fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, including the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of fertilizer box, the defeated fertilizer of fertilizer box from
Movable sprocket axis 8, fertilizer box carrier chain 20, the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of the fertilizer box, are driven by fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4；Institute
The defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of fertilizer box is stated, the bottom end of fertilizer box 6 is located at；The defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft 8 of the fertilizer box, is located at fertilizer box 6
The bottom other end；The defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft 8 of the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of the fertilizer box, fertilizer box, is connected by fertilizer box carrier chain 20；
The fertilizer box carrier chain 20 fixes several carrier bars 21 at equal intervals.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, the ditching depth regulating device, including branch weight frame assembly 15, oil cylinder is adjusted by ditching depth
13 drivings；The branch weight frame assembly 15, upper end and the middle part of rack 16 are hinged, and lower end is connect with walking mechanism；The trench digging is deep
Degree adjusts oil cylinder 13, and one end and the rear portion of rack 16 are hinged, and the middle part of the other end and branch weight frame assembly 15 is hinged.
Shown in Fig. 1~3, the single-groove fertilizer apparatus, including fertilizer apparatus 9, coverer 10, plough 11, hanger bracket I 12；
The fertilizer apparatus 9 is open funnel structure, by hanger bracket I 12, is fixed below the rear end of rack 16；The coverer
10, it is installed on the rear end lower of fertilizer apparatus 9；The plough 11 is installed on the front lower portion of fertilizer apparatus 9.
Shown in Fig. 4~6, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, including the first fertilizer apparatus, the second fertilizer apparatus；Described first applies
Fertile device, the second fertilizer apparatus are installed below the rear end of rack 16, are symmetrically arranged by hanger bracket II 32；Described
One fertilizer apparatus is fixed on the rear end lower left of rack 16；Second fertilizer apparatus is fixed below the rear end of rack 16
Right side.
Shown in Fig. 4~6, first fertilizer apparatus, including the first fertilizer apparatus 24, the first coverer 22, the first plough
28, the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30；First fertilizer apparatus 24 is open funnel structure, is installed on the defeated fertilizer of the first chain-plate type
The outside of mechanism 30；First coverer 22 is installed on the rear end lower of the first fertilizer apparatus 24；First plough 28,
It is installed on the front lower portion of the first fertilizer apparatus 24；The first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, including the first fertilising drive sprocket axle,
First fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, the first fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the first fertilising hydraulic motor 26；The first fertilising drive chain
Wheel shaft, the first fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, chain link is conveyed by the first fertilising；The first fertilising carrier chain, goes out positioned at fertilizer
The lower section left part of mouth.
Shown in Fig. 4~6, second fertilizer apparatus, including the second fertilizer apparatus 25, the second coverer 23, the second plough
29, the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31；Second fertilizer apparatus 25 is open funnel structure, is installed on the defeated fertilizer of the second chain-plate type
The outside of mechanism 31；Second coverer 23 is installed on the rear end lower of the second fertilizer apparatus 25；Second plough 29,
It is installed on the front lower portion of the second fertilizer apparatus 25；The second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31, including the second fertilising drive sprocket axle,
Second fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, the second fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the second fertilising hydraulic motor 27；The second fertilising drive chain
Wheel shaft, the second fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, chain link is conveyed by the second fertilising；The second fertilising carrier chain, goes out positioned at fertilizer
The lower section right part of mouth.
Shown in Fig. 7, first fertilizer apparatus 24, including striker plate 35, plough mounting plate 33, lower hopper 37, reinforcing rib I
36, crossbeam 34；The plough mounting plate 33, front lower portion are connected by screw bolts with the first plough 28, rear end and lower hopper
37 are connected by screw bolts；The crossbeam 34 is fixed on the upper end side of plough mounting plate 33, can by hanger bracket II 32, Gu
Below the rear end of rack 16；The lower hopper 37, upper and lower opening, and rear end lower are open；The reinforcing rib I 36, installation
In the side of lower hopper 37；The striker plate 35 is installed on the top of lower hopper 37, and surrounds the upper opening of lower hopper 37,
For receiving the fertilizer from the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 30, fertilizer passes through lower hopper 37 under Gravitative Loads.
Shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, second fertilizer apparatus 25 is to be arranged symmetrically with the first fertilizer apparatus 24.
Shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, the fertilizer box 6, backsight longitudinal section is a up big and down small isosceles trapezoid.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 4, the fertilizer box 6, side view longitudinal section is a up big and down small right-angled trapezium.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the fertilizer box 6, two sides are respectively welded reinforcing rib II.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4 is the hydraulic motor with retarder.
Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the coverer 10 is allowed to be bonded with ground using spring.
Shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, the first coverer 22, the second coverer 23 are allowed to be bonded with ground using spring.
When fertilizer apparatus is single-groove fertilizer apparatus, operation principle is as follows：
(1) operation principle of fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device：Shown in Fig. 1, the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle 5 of the fertilizer box, by fertilizer
Case fertilizer conveys hydraulic motor 4 and drives；By the speed governing valve in hydraulic control valve group 2, its rotating speed is adjusted, the defeated fertilizer of fertilizer box is actively
The rotating speed of sprocket shaft 5 changes correspondingly.Shown in Fig. 2, when fertilizer box fertilizer conveys one timing of rotating speed of hydraulic motor 4, i.e. fertilizer box carrier bar
One timing of transmission speed of formula fertilizer-conveying device, fertilizer box opening degree determine the fertilizer quantity for falling into fertilizer apparatus 9.Shown in Fig. 3, fertilizer box
Fertilizer in 6, from the side of hitch frame assembly 1, the single-groove fertilizer apparatus rearwardly mounted conveys.
(2) operation principle of ditching depth regulating device：Shown in Fig. 1, when the piston rod that ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder 13 is stretched
When going out, 15 16 counter-clockwise swing of opposite rack of driving branch weight frame assembly, rack 16 is increased with respect to ground, the single-groove that rack 16 is hung
Fertilizer apparatus is also increased with respect to ground, and plough 11 leaves ground；When piston rod is retracted, branch weight frame assembly 15 is with respect to rack 16
Clockwise oscillation, rack 16 decline with respect to ground, and the single-groove fertilizer apparatus that rack 16 is hung also declines with respect to ground, in this way, opening
Ditch device 11 declines therewith, realizes that ditching depth is adjusted.
(3) when single-groove is applied fertilizer, ditching-fertilizing earthing operation process is：Shown in Fig. 1, unit is under the draw of tractor
Advance, adjust ditching depth, plough 11 breaks ground and enters by its wedge shape, and fertilizer apparatus 9 enters below ground certain depth therewith.
Shown in Fig. 3, the fertilizer transported from fertilizer box 6 is open by tail portion, into fertilizer apparatus 9, then, is fallen under Gravitative Loads
In the ditch held successfully, finally, coverer 10 completes earthing effect.At this point, changing the rotating speed of fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor 4, just
Defeated fertile speed can be changed, and then adjust single-groove dose.
When fertilizer apparatus is double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, operation principle is as follows：
(1) operation principle of fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device：Shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses are located at going out for fertilizer box 6
The underface of fertile mouth, structure are symmetrical.Shown in Fig. 5, when fertilizer box fertilizer conveys one timing of rotating speed of hydraulic motor 4, i.e. fertilizer
One timing of transmission speed of case chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, fertilizer box opening degree determine the fertilizer quantity for falling into double ditch fertilizer apparatuses.
(2) operation principle of ditching depth regulating device is as follows：Shown in Fig. 4, when ditching depth adjusts the piston of oil cylinder 13
When bar stretches out, 15 16 counter-clockwise swing of opposite rack of driving branch weight frame assembly, rack 16 is increased with respect to ground, what rack 16 was hung
Single-groove fertilizer apparatus is also increased with respect to ground, and plough 28, plough 29 leave ground；When piston rod is retracted, branch weight frame is total
At 15 opposite 16 clockwise oscillations of rack, racks 16 decline with respect to ground, and double ditch fertilizer apparatuses that rack 16 is hung are also relatively
Face declines, in this way, plough 28, plough 29 decline therewith, realizes that ditching depth is adjusted.
(3) when double ditch fertilisings, ditching-fertilizing earthing operation process is：Shown in Fig. 4, unit is under the draw of tractor
Advance, adjust ditching depth, the first plough 28, the second plough 29 are broken ground and entered by its wedge shape, the first fertilizer apparatus 24, the
Two fertilizer apparatus 25 enter below ground certain depth therewith.Shown in Fig. 6, the fertilizer transported from fertilizer box 6 is opened by tail portion
Mouthful, fall into double ditch fertilizer apparatuses；It is defeated that the first fertilising fertilising hydraulic motor 27 of hydraulic motor 26, second respectively drives the first chain-plate type
Fertile mechanism 30, the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms 31 are allowed to the first fertilizer apparatus 24 to both ends, the second fertilizer apparatus 25 respectively and transport fertilizer
Material, then, falls into the ditch held successfully under Gravitative Loads, and finally, the first coverer 22, the second coverer 23 are completed earthing and made
With.When other duty parameters are certain value, change the rotating speed of the first fertilising fertilising hydraulic motor 27 of hydraulic motor 26, second,
Double ditch doses can be adjusted.
The content not being described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ditching-fertilizing machine, including hydraulic system, fertilizer box (6), rack (16), fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, fertilizer box chain
Board-like fertilizer-conveying device, single-groove fertilizer apparatus, double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, ditching depth regulating device, walking mechanism, it is characterised in that：
The hydraulic system, including hydraulic oil source, hydraulic control valve group (2), hydraulic actuator；The hydraulic actuator,
Oil cylinder (7) is adjusted including fertilizer box opening degree, ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder (13), fertilizer box fertilizer conveys hydraulic motor (4), first applies
Solution pressure motor (26), the second fertilising hydraulic motor (27)；The hydraulic control valve group (2), including directional control valve, overflow
Valve, speed governing valve；
The fertilizer box (6), open top are fixedly installed in the top of rack (16)；The fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, it is horizontal
It is installed on the bottom of fertilizer box (6), the tail portion for the fertilizer in fertilizer box (6) to be transported to fertilizer box (6)；
Below the tail portion of the rack (16), by detachable bolt, single-groove fertilizer apparatus or double ditch fertilizer apparatuses are mounted；Institute
Ditching depth regulating device is stated, the lower section of rack (16) is installed on；The walking mechanism is installed on ditching depth regulating device
Lower section；
The fertilizer box opening degree regulating device, including fertilizer box overhead door (17), guide groove (18) adjust oil cylinder by fertilizer box opening degree
(7) it drives；The guide groove (18), is set to the rear end both sides of fertilizer box (6)；The fertilizer box overhead door (17), is installed on guiding
In slot (18), and it can be slided up and down along guide groove (18)；The lower section of the fertilizer box overhead door (17) is equipped with fertilizer outlet；It is described
Fertilizer box opening degree adjusts oil cylinder (7), and cylinder barrel end is perpendicularly fixed at the upper rear end of fertilizer box (6), and piston rod (19) is lifted with fertilizer box
Door (17) is fixedly connected；
The fertilizer box chain-plate type fertilizer-conveying device, including the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle (5) of fertilizer box, the defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft (8) of fertilizer box, fertilizer
Case carrier chain (20), the defeated fertile drive sprocket axle (5) of the fertilizer box, is driven by fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (4)；The fertilizer box
Defeated fertilizer drive sprocket axle (5), is located at the bottom end of fertilizer box (6)；The defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft (8) of the fertilizer box, is located at fertilizer box (6)
The bottom other end；The defeated fertile drive sprocket axle (5) of the fertilizer box, the defeated fertile driven chain wheel shaft (8) of fertilizer box, pass through fertilizer box carrier chain
(20) it connects；The fertilizer box carrier chain (20) fixes several carrier bars (21) at equal intervals；
The ditching depth regulating device, including branch weight frame assembly (15) adjust oil cylinder (13) by ditching depth and drive；The branch
Weight frame assembly (15), upper end and the middle part of rack (16) are hinged, and lower end is connect with walking mechanism；The ditching depth adjusts oil cylinder
(13), one end and the rear portion of rack (16) are hinged, and the middle part of the other end and branch weight frame assembly (15) is hinged；
The single-groove fertilizer apparatus, including fertilizer apparatus (9), coverer (10), plough (11), hanger bracket I (12)；The fertilizer
Device (9) is open funnel structure, by hanger bracket I (12), is fixed below the rear end of rack (16)；The coverer
(10), it is installed on the rear end lower of fertilizer apparatus (9)；The plough (11), is installed on the front lower portion of fertilizer apparatus (9)；
Double ditch fertilizer apparatuses, including the first fertilizer apparatus, the second fertilizer apparatus；First fertilizer apparatus, the second fertilising
Device is installed below the rear end of rack (16), is symmetrically arranged by hanger bracket II (32)；First fertilizer apparatus,
It is fixed on the rear end lower left of rack (16)；Second fertilizer apparatus is fixed on the rear end lower right of rack (16)；
First fertilizer apparatus, including the first fertilizer apparatus (24), the first coverer (22), the first plough (28), the first chain
Board-like Shu Fei mechanisms (30)；First fertilizer apparatus (24) is open funnel structure, is installed on the first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms
(30) outside；First coverer (22), is installed on the rear end lower of the first fertilizer apparatus (24)；First plough
(28), it is installed on the front lower portion of the first fertilizer apparatus (24)；The first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms (30), including the first fertilising master
Movable sprocket axis, the first fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, the first fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the first fertilising hydraulic motor (26)；Described
One fertilising drive sprocket axle, the first fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, chain link is conveyed by the first fertilising；The first fertilising conveying
Chain is located at the lower section left part of fertilizer outlet；
Second fertilizer apparatus, including the second fertilizer apparatus (25), the second coverer (23), the second plough (29), the second chain
Board-like Shu Fei mechanisms (31)；Second fertilizer apparatus (25) is open funnel structure, is installed on the second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms
(31) outside；Second coverer (23), is installed on the rear end lower of the second fertilizer apparatus (25)；Second plough
(29), it is installed on the front lower portion of the second fertilizer apparatus (25)；The second chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms (31), including the second fertilising master
Movable sprocket axis, the second fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, the second fertilising carrier chain, are driven by the second fertilising hydraulic motor (27)；Described
Two fertilising drive sprocket axles, the second fertilising driven chain wheel shaft, chain link is conveyed by the second fertilising；The second fertilising conveying
Chain is located at the lower section right part of fertilizer outlet.
2. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：First fertilizer apparatus (24), including striker plate
(35), plough mounting plate (33), lower hopper (37), reinforcing rib I (36), crossbeam (34)；The plough mounting plate (33) is preceding
End lower part is connected by screw bolts with the first plough (28), and rear end is connected by screw bolts with lower hopper (37)；The crossbeam (34),
It is fixed on the upper end side of plough mounting plate (33), by hanger bracket II (32), is fixed below the rear end of rack (16)；Institute
Lower hopper (37), upper and lower opening, and rear end lower is stated to be open；The reinforcing rib I (36) is installed on the side of lower hopper (37)；
The striker plate (35) is installed on the top of lower hopper (37), and around the upper opening of lower hopper (37), is come from for receiving
The fertilizer of first chain-plate type Shu Fei mechanisms (30), fertilizer pass through lower hopper (37) under Gravitative Loads；
Second fertilizer apparatus (25) is to be arranged symmetrically with the first fertilizer apparatus (24).
3. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer box (6), backsight longitudinal section are one upper big
Under small isosceles trapezoid, side view longitudinal section is a up big and down small right-angled trapezium；The fertilizer box (6), two sides are respectively welded
There is reinforcing rib II.
4. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (4) is band
The hydraulic motor of retarder.
5. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer box fertilizer conveying hydraulic motor (4) is low
Fast high-torque hydraulic motor.
6. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coverer (10), the first coverer (22),
Two coverers (23) are allowed to be bonded with ground using spring.
7. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The coverer (10), the first coverer (22),
Two coverers (23) are allowed to be bonded with ground using dead weight.
8. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The walking mechanism is traveling wheel (14).
9. ditching-fertilizing machine as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The walking mechanism is crawler type walking mechanism.
10. ditching-fertilizing machine as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The ditching-fertilizing machine further includes hitch frame assembly
(1), lifting support (3)；The hitch frame assembly (1), is installed on the front end of rack (16), for mounting tractor；The liter
Descending branch frame (3) is installed on above hitch frame assembly (1), close to rack (16) side, is used in hitch frame assembly (1) and draws
When machine disconnects, lifting support (3) falls and supports complete machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810305235.XA CN108432404A (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-04-08 | A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810305235.XA CN108432404A (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-04-08 | A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine |
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| CN108432404A true CN108432404A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
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| CN201810305235.XA Pending CN108432404A (en) | 2018-04-08 | 2018-04-08 | A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109601067A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-04-12 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of orchard duplicate rows ditching-fertilizing machine |
| CN109964586A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 山东农业大学 | Orchard organic fertilizer punches fertilizer applicator and its application method |
| CN110073767A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-02 | 石河子大学 | A kind of orchard organic fertilizer-chemical fertilizer layering ditching-fertilizing earthing all-in-one machine |
| CN111183776A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-22 | 北方民族大学 | Fertilizing equipment and automatic control method for bilateral fertilizing amount |
| CN112273021A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 魏起鹏 | Crop classification protection fertilizer injection unit |
| CN112314118A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 禹城市鸿裕福声液压机械厂 | Farmland side direction fertilizer distributing operation machine |
| CN113207338A (en) * | 2021-06-27 | 2021-08-06 | 西北农林科技大学 | Orchard organic fertilizer ditching-free fertilizer and soil mixed fertilization method and fertilizer applicator |
| CN115152362A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中国农业大学 | Intelligent ditching fertilizer injection unit |
| CN115529872A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-30 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Organic compound fertilizer strip-application ridger and use method thereof |
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| CN109601067B (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2023-09-19 | 山东农业大学 | Orchard double-row ditching fertilizer distributor |
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| CN109964586A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 山东农业大学 | Orchard organic fertilizer punches fertilizer applicator and its application method |
| CN110073767A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-02 | 石河子大学 | A kind of orchard organic fertilizer-chemical fertilizer layering ditching-fertilizing earthing all-in-one machine |
| CN111183776A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-22 | 北方民族大学 | Fertilizing equipment and automatic control method for bilateral fertilizing amount |
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| CN112314118A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-02-05 | 禹城市鸿裕福声液压机械厂 | Farmland side direction fertilizer distributing operation machine |
| CN112273021A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 魏起鹏 | Crop classification protection fertilizer injection unit |
| CN113207338A (en) * | 2021-06-27 | 2021-08-06 | 西北农林科技大学 | Orchard organic fertilizer ditching-free fertilizer and soil mixed fertilization method and fertilizer applicator |
| CN113207338B (en) * | 2021-06-27 | 2024-04-09 | 西北农林科技大学 | Ditching-free fertilizer-soil mixed fertilization method for organic fertilizer in orchard and fertilizer applicator |
| CN115152362A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-10-11 | 中国农业大学 | Intelligent ditching fertilizer injection unit |
| CN115529872B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-08-15 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Ridger for organic compound fertilizer strip application and application method |
| CN115529872A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2022-12-30 | 黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院 | Organic compound fertilizer strip-application ridger and use method thereof |
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