A kind of ditching-fertilizing machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural machinery, particularly a kind of ditching-fertilizing suitable for the fertilising of woods orchard furrowing
Machine.
Background technology
Ditching-fertilizing is an important step of application process, is the important measures of fruit high yield and high quality.
For a long time, the deep placement of woods orchard solid fertilizer, the artificial ditching of need-apply fertilizer-banket, labour intensity is big, work
Make that efficiency is low, do not met the requirement of modern application.
The woods orchard furrowing fertilizer applicator for using at present has brought great convenience aborning, but also deposits
In problems with:
1) it is not offset trench digging, ditches away from root system farther out, utilization rate of fertilizer is low;
2) without fertile device is stirred in fertilizer box, fertilizer is easily piled up after making moist, and causes lower fertilizer not smooth;
3) external fluted-roll feed is used mostly, and defertilizing amount is small, it is impossible to meet organic fertilizer and special fertilizer
Dose requirement (general 1.5-2.5kg/ plants);
4) furrow-opening cutter blade is existing common rotary blade, without native plate is got rid of, can not be shed in time after soil chopping,
Easily it is back to bottom of trench;
5) in land wheel, in ground relief or ground pine, land wheel easily skids the power resources of fertilizer distributor,
Cause transmission failure, produce disconnected fertilizer phenomenon.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to the drawbacks described above of prior art, there is provided one kind is applied to
The ditching-fertilizing machine of woods orchard furrowing fertilising.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of ditching-fertilizing machine, including frame and installed in institute
Running gear in frame, ditching device, fertilizer apparatus and transmission system are stated, the fertilizer apparatus is arranged on
The rear portion of the frame, the transmission system is arranged on the middle part of the frame, and the running gear is arranged on
The bottom of the frame, wherein, the ditching device is offset ditching device, and the frame is offset
Structure, the ditching device is arranged on a forequarter of the frame, and the running gear is arranged on the machine
The opposite side rear end of frame.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the frame include front-axle beam, two side bars and two back rest, it is described before
It is a rectangular frame that beam and two side bars and a back rest are linked in sequence, the two ends of another back rest respectively with it is described
Two side bars are connected, and the fertilizer apparatus is arranged on the back rest, and the ditching device is arranged on a side bar,
Multiple crossbeams and longeron are additionally provided near another side bar between the front-axle beam and another back rest, its
In transmission system connecting plate is provided with crossbeam described in, the transmission system connects installed in the transmission system
On fishplate bar.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the fertilizer apparatus includes:
Jiao Fei mechanisms, including the receptacle on the back rest, the bottom of the receptacle are provided with row
Fertile mouth, is sequentially set with defeated fertile screw feeder and stirs fertile roller in the receptacle, the transmission system respectively with institute
State defeated fertile screw feeder and stir fertile roller connection, the defeated fertile screw feeder is set near the defertilizing opening;
Fertilizer delivering pipe, its upper end is connected with the defertilizing opening, and the lower end of the fertilizer delivering pipe earthward extends and is located at
The rear of the ditching device;And
Fertilizer amount adjuster, in the fertilizer delivering pipe.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, it is described to stir fertile roller and include:
Stir fertile drum shaft, described to stir fertile drum shaft be the cylinder for being provided with multiple through holes, the multiple through hole
Uniform intervals are stirred on fertile drum shaft described in being arranged at, and the central axis of the through hole stir fertile drum shaft in described
Axis;And
Fertile tooth is stirred, is rod-like structure part, in the through hole, the axis for stirring fertile tooth is logical with described
The axis coaxle in hole is set.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the defeated fertile screw feeder includes:
Defeated fertile drum shaft, the defeated fertile drum shaft is cylinder, and the defeated fertile drum shaft stirs fertile roller with described
Axle is horizontally disposed with;And
Packing auger blade, the packing auger blade extends and is placed equidistant along the defeated fertile drum shaft perficial helical.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the ditching device includes:
Cutterhead shield, the cutterhead shield is arranged on the side bar of the frame side;
Trench digging cutterhead, is arranged on the cutterhead shield lower section, and the trench digging cutterhead is connected with the transmission system,
Uniform multiple ditching knife on the trench digging cutterhead;And
Native plate is got rid of, is correspondingly arranged at respectively on each described ditching knife.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the ditching knife includes the first ditching knife, the second ditching knife and the
Three ditching knifes, first ditching knife, the second ditching knife and the 3rd ditching knife are sequentially distributed in described opening successively
On ditch cutterhead, first ditching knife, the second ditching knife and the 3rd ditching knife include connecting portion and work respectively
Make portion, it is described to get rid of native plate installed in the work department, and it is described get rid of native plate where plane opened perpendicular to described
The end face of ditch cutterhead.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the transmission system includes:Side gear box, intermediate gear box
And chain-wheel box, the intermediate gear box is connected with the side gear box and the chain-wheel box respectively, the chain
Roller box is connected with the ditching device, and the side gear box is connected with the fertilizer apparatus.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, also including covering device, the covering device is arranged on the machine
On frame and positioned at the rear of the fertilizer delivering pipe, the covering device includes a pair symmetrically arranged covering disks,
The covering disk is respectively positioned at the rear both sides of the fertilizer delivering pipe.
Above-mentioned ditching-fertilizing machine, wherein, the running gear includes road wheel, and the road wheel is arranged on
The rear end of the frame simultaneously be located at the opposite side relative with the ditching device, be provided with the frame for
The hanger bracket mounted with tractor, the transmission system is connected with the line shaft of the tractor.
The technical effects of the invention are that:
The present invention is applied to industry of planting forest or fruit tress ditching-fertilizing, can meet and be supported the use with wheeled tractor, can be disposable
Biasing trench digging, fertilising and earthing are completed, by adjusting ditching depth, width and lower fertilizer amount, can be used for Portugal
The ditching-fertilizing operation of the various crops such as grape, jujube, walnut, apple, peach.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be described in detail, but not as to of the invention
Limit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the ditching-fertilizing machine structural representation of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is ditching-fertilizing owner's view of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the rack construction schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the trench digging cutterhead and frame scheme of installation of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 stirs fertile mechanism structure schematic diagram for one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the transmission mechanism structural representation of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the first ditching knife structural representation of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the second ditching knife structural representation of one embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the 3rd ditching knife structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, reference
1 frame
11 front-axle beams
12 side bars
13 back rest
14 crossbeams
15 longerons
16 transmission system connecting plates
17 hanger brackets
2 running gears
21 road wheels
3 ditching devices
31 trench digging cutterheads
32 ditching knifes
321 first ditching knifes
322 second ditching knifes
323 the 3rd ditching knifes
324 connecting portions
325 work departments
33 cutterhead shields
34 get rid of native plate
4 fertilizer apparatuses
41 Jiao Fei mechanisms
411 receptacles
412 defeated fertile screw feeders
4121 defeated fertile drum shafts
4122 packing auger blades
413 stir fertile roller
4131 stir fertile drum shaft
4132 stir fertile tooth
42 fertilizer delivering pipes
43 fertilizer amount adjusters
5 transmission systems
51 side gear boxes
52 intermediate gear boxs
53 chain-wheel boxs
6 covering devices
61 covering disks
A hangs center line
B complete machine structure center lines
Specific embodiment
Structural principle of the invention and operation principle are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, Fig. 1 is the ditching-fertilizing machine structural representation of one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2
It is ditching-fertilizing owner's view of one embodiment of the invention, Fig. 3 is the left view of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is Fig. 2
Top view.Ditching-fertilizing machine of the invention, including frame 1 and the dress of the walking in the frame 1
2, ditching device 3, fertilizer apparatus 4 and transmission system 5 are put, the fertilizer apparatus 4 is arranged on the machine
The rear portion of frame 1, the transmission system 5 is arranged on the middle part of the frame 1, and the running gear 2 is installed
In the bottom of the frame 1, the ditching device 3 is offset ditching device 3, and the frame 1 is inclined
Formula structure is put, the ditching device 3 is arranged on a forequarter of the frame 1, the running gear 2
Installed in the opposite side rear end of the frame 1.Covering device 6 is may also include, the covering device 6 is installed
In the frame 1 and positioned at the rear of the fertilizer delivering pipe 42, the covering device 6 is symmetrical including a pair
The covering disk 61 of setting, the covering disk 61 is respectively positioned at the rear both sides of the fertilizer delivering pipe 42.
The running gear 2 includes road wheel 21, and the road wheel 21 is arranged on the rear end and position of the frame 1
In being provided with the opposite side relative with the ditching device 3, the frame 1 for being mounted with tractor
Hanger bracket 17, the transmission system 5 is connected with the line shaft of the tractor.
It is the rack construction schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention referring to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is this hair
The trench digging cutterhead of a bright embodiment and frame scheme of installation.The frame 1 includes front-axle beam 11, two side bars
12 and two back rest 13, it is a rectangular frame that the side bar 12 of the front-axle beam 11 and two and a back rest 13 are linked in sequence,
The two ends of another back rest 13 are connected with two side bar 12 respectively, and the fertilizer apparatus 4 is arranged on institute
State on the back rest 13, the ditching device 3 is arranged on a side bar 12, and the front-axle beam 11 is another with described
Multiple crossbeams 14 and longeron 15 are additionally provided near another side bar 12 between the back rest 13, wherein horizontal described in one
Transmission system connecting plate 16 is provided with beam 14, the transmission system 5 is connected installed in the transmission system
On plate 16.The trench digging cutterhead of the table roller ditching machine of prior art is all configured in the centre of equipment, is being used
During institute's trench digging canal from tree trunk farther out, be unfavorable for Root Absorption fertilizer, biasing open frame 1 of the invention
Center line A is misaligned with complete machine structure center line B for its suspension, as seen from Figure 6, suspension center line A
With ditching device 33 respectively positioned at the both sides of complete machine structure center line B, thus trench digging cutterhead 31 can be biased,
Make irrigation canals and ditches further towards tree trunk, improve utilization rate of fertilizer.The forward and backward beam 11,13 of frame 1 is used
The square tube of 80 × 80 × 4mm, using the rectangular tube of 80 × 60 × 4mm, frame 1 is by whole beams for remaining beam
It is welded.The top of the back rest 13 of frame 1 is provided with receptacle 411, and receptacle 411 is excellent with frame 1
Choosing is connected by screw bolts.The right front of frame 1 is provided with cutterhead shield 33, can be connected with frame 1 by bolt.
Transmission system connecting plate 16, transmission system connecting plate are welded with horizontal stroke, longeron 14,15 in the middle of frame 1
Connecting hole is drilled with 16.
The ditching device 3 includes:Cutterhead shield 33, the cutterhead shield 33 is arranged on the frame 1
On the side bar 12 of side;Trench digging cutterhead 31, is arranged on the lower section of the cutterhead shield 33, the ditching knife
Disk 31 is connected with the transmission system 5, uniform multiple ditching knife 32 on the trench digging cutterhead 31;And
Native plate 34 is got rid of, is correspondingly arranged at respectively on each described ditching knife 32.
Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 is the fertilizer apparatus structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.The fertilizer apparatus
4 include:Jiao Fei mechanisms 41, including the receptacle 411 on the back rest 13, the receptacle
411 bottom is provided with defertilizing opening, the receptacle 411 and is sequentially set with defeated fertile screw feeder 412 and stirs fertilizer
Roller 413, the transmission system 5 respectively with the defeated fertile screw feeder 412 and stir fertile roller 413 and be connected, institute
Defeated fertile screw feeder 412 is stated to be set near the defertilizing opening;Fertilizer delivering pipe 42, its upper end is connected with the defertilizing opening,
The lower end of the fertilizer delivering pipe 42 earthward extends and positioned at the rear of the ditching device 3;And fertilizer amount is adjusted
Section device 43, in the fertilizer delivering pipe 42.
Wherein, the fertile roller 413 that stirs includes:Fertile drum shaft 4131 is stirred, it is described to stir fertile drum shaft 4131
It is preferably provided with the cylinder of multiple through holes, the multiple through hole uniform intervals are arranged at and described stir fertile roller
On axle 4131, the central axis of the through hole are in the axis for stirring fertile drum shaft 4131;And stir fertilizer
Tooth 4132, preferably rod-like structure part, in the through hole, the axis for stirring fertile tooth 4132 with
The axis coaxle of the through hole is set.The defeated fertile screw feeder 412 includes:Defeated fertile drum shaft 4121, it is described
Defeated fertile drum shaft 4121 is cylinder, and the defeated fertile drum shaft 4121 is with described to stir fertile drum shaft 4131 equal
It is horizontally disposed;And packing auger blade 4122, the packing auger blade 4122 is along the defeated fertile drum shaft 4121
Perficial helical extends and is placed equidistant.The power of fertilizer apparatus 4 by transmission system 5 side gear box 51
Input, first drives two groups to stir fertile drum shaft 4131, then drive defeated fertile screw feeder 412.Defeated fertile screw feeder 412 with stir
Fertile roller 413 is top-bottom layout, and defeated fertile drum shaft 4121 is horizontally disposed with fertile drum shaft 4131 is stirred;Its
In stir fertile roller 413 mainly bulk fertilizer is crushed, while mixed fertilizer is stirred, prevent out
Now knot encircles and jam.The fertilizer of receptacle 411 is pushed to defertilizing opening by defeated fertile screw feeder 412, by defeated
In the groove that the dispatch of fertile pipe 42 is outputed to ditching device 3.Wherein stir fertile drum shaft 4131 and be preferably diameter
The pipe of 60mm, is welded with uniform circular hole on pipe and stirs fertile tooth 4132.
Referring to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 is the transmission mechanism structural representation of one embodiment of the invention.The transmission system
5 include:Side gear box 51, intermediate gear box 52 and chain-wheel box 53,52 points of the intermediate gear box
It is not connected with the side gear box 51 and the chain-wheel box 53, the chain-wheel box 53 and the trench digging are filled
3 connections are put, the side gear box 51 is connected with the fertilizer apparatus 4.The ditching machine of prior art is passed
Wiped dynamic system more and use rotary cultivator tooth case, moment of torsion is smaller, it is adaptable to operation of the ditching depth less than 30cm.
Transmission system of the invention 5 is made up of side gear box 51, intermediate gear box 52, chain-wheel box 53.It is dilatory
Mechanomotive force by input shaft to transmission system 5 intermediate gear box 52, after deceleration increasing is turned round and changes transmission direction,
Both direction is transmitted to, the power that the part of chain-wheel box 53 is transmitted to all the way is turned round and will moved by the deceleration increasing of chain gear transmission
Power passes to trench digging cutterhead 31;Another road increases by the deceleration of side gear box 51 to be turned round, and is transferred to stir fertile machine
Structure 41, drives defeated fertile drum shaft 4121 and stirs fertile drum shaft 4131 and work.
Referring to Fig. 9-Figure 11, Fig. 9 is the first ditching knife structural representation of one embodiment of the invention, Figure 10
It is the second ditching knife structural representation of one embodiment of the invention, Figure 11 is the 3rd of one embodiment of the invention
Ditching knife structural representation.In the present embodiment, the ditching knife 32 includes the first ditching knife 321, second
The ditching knife 323 of ditching knife 322 and the 3rd, first ditching knife 321, the second ditching knife 322 and the 3rd
Ditching knife 323 is sequentially distributed on the trench digging cutterhead 31 successively, first ditching knife 321, second
The ditching knife 323 of ditching knife 322 and the 3rd includes connecting portion 324 and work department 325 respectively, described to get rid of soil
Plate 34 is arranged on the work department 325, and the plane for getting rid of the place of native plate 34 is perpendicular to the ditching knife
The end face of disk 31.The ditching knife of prior art is generally common rotary blade, and without native plate 34 is got rid of, soil is shredded
After can not shed in time, be easily back to bottom of trench.Ditching knife of the invention 32 has three kinds of forms, and with getting rid of
Native plate 34, each 5 of preferably every kind of knife is uniformly distributed on trench digging cutterhead 31 successively.So that every trench digging
The area that knife is acted on every time diminishes, and reduces resistance and shock loading, improves cutter life, reduces whole
The consumption of acc power.The soil after cutting can be thrown to outside ditch in addition, further improve trench digging quality.
The course of work of ditching-fertilizing machine of the invention is:
Ditching-fertilizing machine is mounted with tractor using three-point type hanging frame 17, before work, in receptacle 411
It is middle to add appropriate farm manure, regulation fertilizer amount adjuster 43 to correct position.Start tractor, by ten thousand
The intermediate gear box 52 for driving transmission system 5 to axle is worked, and power is transferred to sprocket wheel by intermediate gear box 52
Case 53 causes that the trench digging rotation of cutterhead 31 is incorporated to ground, until reaching required ditching depth, keeps the depth
Constant with the trench digging rotating speed of cutterhead 31, as tractor steadily moves ahead, cutterhead 31 of now ditching can output one
About 25cm is wide, the certain rectangle ditch of depth, the soil shredded by ditching knife 32 by get rid of the row of native plate 34 to
Rectangle ditch both sides, while fertilizer drops down onto bottom of trench by defertilizing opening;The hack of last rectangle ditch both sides is by earthing
The squeezing action of disk 61, is backfilled in the groove outputed again, disposable to complete trench digging, fertilising, earthing
Operation.
The present invention is applied to industry of planting forest or fruit tress ditching-fertilizing, can meet and be supported the use with wheeled tractor, can be disposable
Biasing trench digging, fertilising and earthing are completed, by adjusting ditching depth, width and lower fertilizer amount, can be used for Portugal
The ditching-fertilizing operation of the various crops such as grape, jujube, walnut, apple, peach.
Certainly, the present invention can also have other various embodiments, in the feelings without departing substantially from spirit of the invention and its essence
Under condition, those of ordinary skill in the art work as can make various corresponding changes and deformation according to the present invention, but
These corresponding changes and deformation should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the invention.