CN103098591B - Corn, wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilising seeder - Google Patents
Corn, wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilising seeder Download PDFInfo
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- CN103098591B CN103098591B CN201310037033.9A CN201310037033A CN103098591B CN 103098591 B CN103098591 B CN 103098591B CN 201310037033 A CN201310037033 A CN 201310037033A CN 103098591 B CN103098591 B CN 103098591B
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- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000721671 Ludwigia Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 4
- 240000001931 Ludwigia octovalvis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 pressing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007103 stamina Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Sowing (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开的玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机主要由三角形悬挂架、种箱、肥箱、机架、复式开沟铲、排种和排肥器、覆膜杆、刮土器、覆膜轮和地轮等部分组成。为减小破茬土壤阻力，开沟铲采用自行设计开发的仿生流线型复式铲式开沟铲，做到既开沟，又施肥、播种，采用链传动装置，地轮转动时，通过固定在地轮上的链轮驱动链条，将动力传到排种轴和排肥轴上，由窝眼式排种轮和外槽轮式排肥轮组成。本发明在机架上可以放置3个施肥、播种开沟铲(对玉米)，也可以在机架上放置5个施肥、播种开沟器(对小麦)，扩大了施肥播种机的应用范围。该机结构合理、调整和维修简单、坚固耐用。
The corn and wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizing and seeding machine disclosed by the present invention mainly consists of a triangular suspension frame, a seed box, a fertilizer box, a frame, a compound ditching shovel, a seed and fertilizer discharge device, a film covering rod, a soil scraper, a film covering It is composed of parts such as wheel and ground wheel. In order to reduce the resistance of stubble-breaking soil, the ditching shovel adopts the self-designed and developed bionic streamlined compound shovel type ditching shovel, which can not only ditch, but also fertilize and sow seeds. It adopts a chain transmission device. When the ground wheel rotates, it is fixed on the ground The sprocket on the wheel drives the chain and transmits the power to the seed-discharging shaft and the fertilizer-discharging shaft, which consists of a socket-type seed-discharging wheel and an outer groove-type fertilizer-discharging wheel. The present invention can place 3 fertilization, sowing ditch shovels (to corn) on the frame, also can place 5 fertilization, sowing ditch openers (to wheat) on the frame, has enlarged the application scope of fertilization seeder. The machine has a reasonable structure, simple adjustment and maintenance, and is sturdy and durable.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于农业机械领域，特别是涉及一种可以一次完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土镇压、覆膜等多道工序，且开沟深度、施肥量、播种量、施肥深度、作业行距和株距可调的玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机。The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a device that can complete multiple processes such as ditching, fertilization, seeding, soil covering and suppression, and film covering at one time, and has the advantages of ditching depth, fertilization amount, seeding amount, fertilization depth, row spacing and plant spacing. Adjustable corn and wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizer seeder.
背景技术Background technique
为了加快保护性耕作技术在山丘、平原等地区作业的推广应用步伐，千方百计的降低农业生产成本，增加农民收入，改善生态环境，增强农业可持续发展的后劲，需在新技术、新机械研发推广应用方面下工夫。目前使用的播种机大多功能单一，体积大且成本高，迫切需要一种体积小、成本低且多功能为一体的播种机，为此，我们研制生产出了玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机(玉米3行、小麦5行)，该机具有集开沟、施肥、播种、覆土、镇压、覆膜为一体等多项作业，缩短了工序间隔，有利于抗旱保墒，减少拖拉机进地次数，减轻对土壤的压实，减少能源消耗，降低作业成本。In order to speed up the promotion and application of conservation tillage technology in hills, plains and other areas, do everything possible to reduce agricultural production costs, increase farmers' income, improve the ecological environment, and enhance the stamina of sustainable agricultural development, it is necessary to develop new technologies and new machinery. Work hard on promotion and application. Most of the currently used seeders are single-function, large in size and high in cost. There is an urgent need for a seeder that is small in size, low in cost and multi-functional in one. For this reason, we have developed and produced a dual-purpose fertilization and seeder for corn and wheat. Machine (3 rows of corn, 5 rows of wheat), this machine has multiple operations such as ditching, fertilizing, sowing, covering soil, pressing, and film covering, which shortens the process interval, is conducive to drought resistance and moisture conservation, and reduces the number of tractors entering the field , Reduce the compaction of the soil, reduce energy consumption, and reduce operating costs.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种结构简单合理，操作和维修方便，坚固耐用，适合使用者要求的玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机。The object of the present invention is to provide a corn and wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizing and seeding machine which is simple and reasonable in structure, convenient in operation and maintenance, sturdy and durable, and suitable for users.
实现上述发明目的技术方案是：玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机，包括三角形悬挂架、种箱、肥箱、机架、复式开沟铲、排种和排肥器、覆膜杆、刮土器、覆膜轮和地轮等部分组成。所述三角形悬挂架焊接在机架前横向杆上，种箱和肥箱固定连接在机架上，排种和排肥器通过传动轴连接在种箱和肥箱上，复式开沟铲通过螺栓间隔连接在机架前后横向杆上，覆膜杆、刮土器、覆膜轮和地轮均连接在机架上。玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机通过三角形悬挂架与有悬挂装置的小四轮拖拉机连接，拖拉机行走带动地轮转动，进而带动固定在地轮上的链轮驱动链条，通过链传动带动排种轴和排肥轴旋转进行排种和排肥，最终完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土、镇压、覆膜等全部作业要求。该机型与12～20马力拖拉机配套作业，无需耕翻土壤，可直接在根茬地或秸秆覆盖地进行播种作业，它可以一次完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土镇压、覆膜等多道工序，是一种复式作业的多功能施肥播种机，该机开沟深度、施肥量、播种量、施肥深度、作业行距和株距可调，调整简单方便，即减轻了劳动强度，简化了作业程序，又保证了作业质量，性能可靠，抗旱节水，减少水分蒸发，提高土壤保墒能力，节本增效，保护生态环境，是推广应用保护性耕作技术的理想机型。本发明在机架上放置至少3个复式开沟铲，复式开沟铲的间距可调，对于播种玉米，放置3个复式开沟铲；对于播种小麦，放置5个复式开沟铲，扩大了施肥播种机的应用范围。复式开沟铲实现化肥正下位深施，以增加肥效；先施肥、后下种，种肥之间有厚度为40----60mm左右土层隔离，从机构上确保肥料与种子不接触，不会出现“烧苗”现象。The technical solution for realizing the above-mentioned invention object is: corn, wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizing seeder, comprising triangular suspension frame, seed box, fertilizer box, frame, compound ditching shovel, seed and fertilizer discharger, film covering bar, scraper It is composed of earthenware, film-covered wheel and ground wheel. The triangular suspension frame is welded on the front transverse bar of the frame, the seed box and the fertilizer box are fixedly connected on the frame, the seed row and fertilizer discharger are connected to the seed box and the fertilizer box through the transmission shaft, and the compound ditching shovel is connected to the seed box and the fertilizer box through the bolt Intervals are connected on the front and rear transverse rods of the frame, and the film covering rods, soil scrapers, film covering wheels and ground wheels are all connected on the frame. Corn and wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizing and planting machines are connected to small four-wheel tractors with suspension devices through triangular suspension frames. The tractor drives the ground wheels to rotate, and then drives the sprockets fixed on the ground wheels to drive the chain. The seed shaft and fertilizer discharge shaft rotate for seed and fertilizer discharge, and finally complete all operation requirements such as ditching, fertilization, sowing, soil covering, compaction, and film covering. This model works with a 12-20 horsepower tractor. It does not need to plow the soil. It can directly sow in stubble fields or straw-covered fields. It can complete multiple channels such as ditching, fertilization, sowing, soil covering, and film covering at one time. The process is a multi-functional fertilizing and seeding machine with multiple operations. The machine's ditching depth, fertilization amount, seeding amount, fertilization depth, working row spacing and plant spacing can be adjusted. The adjustment is simple and convenient, which reduces labor intensity and simplifies the operating procedures. , It also ensures the quality of work, reliable performance, drought resistance and water saving, reduces water evaporation, improves soil moisture retention capacity, saves costs and increases efficiency, and protects the ecological environment. It is an ideal model for the promotion and application of conservation tillage technology. The present invention places at least 3 compound ditching shovels on the frame, and the spacing of the compound ditching shovels is adjustable. For sowing corn, place 3 compound ditching shovels; for sowing wheat, place 5 compound ditching shovels, expanding the Application range of fertilization seeder. The compound ditching shovel realizes the deep application of chemical fertilizers at the bottom to increase the fertilizer efficiency; fertilize first, then sow, and there is a soil layer with a thickness of 40-60mm between the fertilizers, so as to ensure that the fertilizer does not contact the seeds from the mechanism. There will be no "burning seedlings" phenomenon.
本发明的有益效果：本发明结构简单，受力合理，使用方便，采用双斜式铸铁镇压轮，两轮成V型，使得用于覆土的工作长度由原来的50％变成了全部，接触点有向前挤压土壤的作用，故大大提高了作业质量，实际使用效果好。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention is simple in structure, reasonable in force, easy to use, adopts double-slope cast iron pressing wheels, and the two wheels are V-shaped, so that the working length for covering soil is changed from 50% of the original to all, and the contact The point has the function of pressing the soil forward, so the work quality is greatly improved, and the actual use effect is good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
1-排种和排肥器，2-肥箱，3-种箱，4-链条，5-地轮，6-复式开沟铲，7-覆膜杆，8-刮土器，9-覆膜轮，10-机架，11-三角形悬挂架。1-Seed and fertilizer discharge device, 2-Fertilizer box, 3-Seed box, 4-Chain, 5-Ground wheel, 6-Compound ditching shovel, 7-Film rod, 8-Scraper, 9-Film Wheels, 10-rack, 11-triangular hanger.
具体实施方式detailed description
实施例Example
参见图1，玉米、小麦两用多功能施肥播种机通过三角形悬挂架与有悬挂装置的小四轮拖拉机连接，拖拉机行走带动地轮转动，进而带动固定在地轮上的链轮驱动链条，通过链传动带动排种轴和排肥轴旋转进行排种和排肥，采用三点悬挂装置，机组转弯半径小，使用方便。排种装置由地轮传动，排种器为窝眼式，排肥采用外槽轮式排肥机构。采用仿生流线型复式开沟铲开沟、施肥、播种，此机构可减少作业阻力。拖拉机行走即可完成开沟、施肥、播种、覆土、镇压、覆膜等全部作业要求。Referring to Figure 1, the corn and wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilizing and planting machine is connected with a small four-wheel tractor with a suspension device through a triangular suspension frame. The tractor drives the ground wheel to rotate, and then drives the sprocket fixed on the ground wheel to drive the chain. The chain transmission drives the rotation of the seed and fertilizer shafts for seed and fertilizer discharge. The three-point suspension device is adopted, and the unit has a small turning radius and is easy to use. The seed metering device is driven by the ground wheel, the seed metering device is a socket type, and the fertilizer discharge adopts an outer groove wheel type fertilizer discharge mechanism. The bionic streamline compound ditching shovel is used for ditching, fertilizing and sowing, which can reduce the working resistance. All operation requirements such as ditching, fertilization, sowing, soil covering, compaction, and film covering can be completed by walking the tractor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310037033.9A CN103098591B (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-01-16 | Corn, wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilising seeder |
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| CN201310037033.9A CN103098591B (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-01-16 | Corn, wheat dual-purpose multifunctional fertilising seeder |
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| CN103098591A CN103098591A (en) | 2013-05-15 |
| CN103098591B true CN103098591B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107690894A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-16 | 闫锦瑞 | A kind of fertilizer deep placement buckwheat hill-drop drill |
| CN106818003A (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2017-06-13 | 彭卓敏 | A kind of driving control signal harvester of seeder or combined seed and fertilizer drill sheave |
| CN108207197A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 郭昌普 | A kind of small-sized groundnut planter in hilly country with grading mechanism |
| CN113207332A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-08-06 | 辽宁机电职业技术学院 | No-tillage seeding and fertilizing machine for corn |
| CN116058143B (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-07-07 | 安徽农业大学 | An anti-blocking fertilizer intelligent fertilization device |
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| CN201393372Y (en) * | 2009-05-21 | 2010-02-03 | 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 | No-less tillage compound ditching seeder |
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Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2037919U (en) * | 1988-07-23 | 1989-05-24 | 淄博市淄川区淄农机研究机 | Double wheat-seeder for small furrows with manpower or domestic animals |
| DE3837022A1 (en) * | 1988-10-31 | 1990-05-03 | Amazonen Werke Dreyer H | COMBINED AGRICULTURAL DISTRIBUTION MACHINE |
| CN2073205U (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1991-03-20 | 李其昀 | Furrow sowing machine used in rice seedling bed |
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