CN206260221U - A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, belongs to Machinery for orchard equipment field.There is a stalk hopper for self-unloading on creeper truck, stalk hopper bottom-rear has a discharge roller；Creeper truck passes behind parallel―ordinal shift and steel wire rope is provided with casing mechanism.Casing mechanism front is soil taking shovel, and soil taking shovel rear both sides respectively have one to carry native device, and it is even native device to carry native device rear, and carrying in the collection soil case of native device has an even native spiral；Stalk hopper can backward tumble in the presence of hydraulic pressure dump cylinder around hinge, the uniform stone under material blanking roller effect；Casing mechanism can be pulled through steel wire rope by hoist cylinder and lifted；The power of material blanking roller and covering device is provided by hydraulic motor.The machine can by stalk material or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；Suitable for drought-hit area orchard, the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture is particularly suitable for；It is also applied for farmland, desert, sandy beach, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

Description

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Technical field

The utility model discloses a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, belongs to field of agricultural equipment and stalk resource is reclaimed Using field, more particularly to Machinery for orchard equipment field.

Background technology

In recent years, with the adjustment of China's agricultural structure, fruit industry scale fast development, apple, pears, peach, grape, mandarin orange The cultivated areas such as tangerine have reached the whole world first, and China has turned into state of fruit sparetime university.But China's fruit industry product quality and Industrial Efficiency There is larger gap compared with developed countries.One important problem is barren orchard soil, excessively using chemical fertilizer, causes soil Earth is hardened serious.Soil moisture is not only the key factor of soil, plant, atmosphere Continuum, or soil system Nutrient Cycling With the important carrier of flowing, growth, distribution and the change of ecosystem miniclimate to the characteristic, plant of soil have important Influence, the Soils In The Region water shortage of arid, semiarid zone and Seasonal Water-Deficit is always the bottleneck problem for restricting the development of fruit industry. Particularly in northern China arplain and southwest, orchard soil moisture conservation retaining improves soil organic matter content and has become orchard pipe The most important thing of reason.American-European countries's orchard soil content of organic matter is universal more than 3.0%, Japanese orchard soil organic matter highest Up to 6.8%, and NORTHWEST CHINA arplain soil organic matter of apple orchards content is universal below 1.0%, and orchard soil is barren have been turned into One key factor of China's apple production and quality.

Orchard improving straw mulching technology is directed to that orchard soil layer is thin, fertility is low, moisture condition is poor, soil bareness area is big and adopt The soil management technology for taking.Appropriate crop material etc. is covered on soil exposed around fruit tree, it has soil moisture conservation, section Water, soil organic matter content, suppression grass, insulation, no-tillage, saving of labor and various effects such as prevent soil loss are improved, soil can be improved Ecological microenvironment, supports the strong tree of root, promotes Growth status development, and then improve yield and improving quality.Orchard improving straw mulching technology It is to solve arid, semiarid zone because of the effective measures of rich water shortage restriction orchard upgrading volume increase, is also developing ecology fruit industry, has One of important production technology of machine fruit industry.

In recent years, stalk technology in orchard is widelyd popularize in China, but due to existing orchard improving straw mulching technical staff Skill is simple and crude, it is necessary to manual work, time-consuming, and orchard worker worries dry season orchard fire in addition, causes orchard worker's enthusiasm low, pushes away Wide area is smaller, produces little effect.

Apple Dwarf Stocks intensive culture pattern is the major reform of Apple Culture system, is the main development of world's Apple Culture Direction.At present, American-European countries a general piece use the intensive efficiency cultivation technology for high of apple dwarf, it is many country short anvil apples accounted for To more than 90%.Per mu yield is high, and percent rate of high quality fruit height is the advantage that the intensive efficiency cultivation technology for high of apple dwarf is protruded.Abound with phase per mu yield up to 5 More than ton, percent rate of high quality fruit can reach 85%.Comparatively speaking, China is presently mainly tall anvil apple, accounts for 90%, and short anvil apple is only accounted for 10% or so.Therefore, following 10~20 years, China will welcome the high speed development upsurge that an Apple Culture technology upgrading is regenerated. In recent years, the apple cultivation area such as Shaanxi, Shandong had started to scale introduction.With fruit dwarfing technology, particularly short anvil apple The advanced technologies such as intensive culture technique are in the popularization of China, and orchard is spacious in the ranks, and tree-like specification will be orchard operation machineryization Provide convenience.

American-European countries the short general piece in anvil orchard use Cover with weed technology, but research show, Cover with weed technology exist with Fruit tree strives water and strives the problem of fertilizer, and causes pest and disease damage to increase.Therefore, current Cover with weed technology is not suitable for China orchard, special It is not drought and water-scarce area.

Therefore, change the simple and crude method of orchard improving straw mulching in the past, study orchard improving straw mulching machineryization technology and develop Go out orchard improving straw mulching work tool, be the key for playing orchard improving straw mulching technical benefits, be also to realize stalk resource in height The important channel efficiently utilized in the fruit industry of added value, is to improve orchard soil moisture, the content of organic matter, realizes that orchard high yield is high The important leverage of effect.

At present, it is fewer in the relevant report of orchard improving straw mulching machineryization technical research and application aspect both at home and abroad.It is existing There are the patents such as technology such as CN104429384A, CN104429385A, CN204377459U, CN204377363 can solve the problem that existing Simple and crude, the time-consuming problem of orchard improving straw mulching technical method, promote application of the improving straw mulching technology in orchard, one Determine to realize orchard soil soil moisture conservation water saving, getting fat, suppression grass, the effect of heat-preserving anti-freezing in degree, reduce operating cost, improve Fruit industry yield and benefit；Solve orchard surrounding area stalk resource and waste and burn pollution problem.But above technology is also deposited In place of some shortcomings, its main working parts is to throw the front portion that soil and cutting agency are arranged in whole machine, and being arranged so as to will necessarily Cause trailer wheel to roll coating, form rut, destroy the integrality of coating, make the soil moisture conservation retaining of coating and suppression The effect of weeds processed is had a greatly reduced quality；Patent CN205213458U solves the problems, such as that forward type wheel rolls destruction coating, makes The soil moisture conservation retaining of coating and the effect of suppression weeds give full play to, and improve operation quality, but it throws soil and cutting agency Position determine that the soil thrown can form intersection-type collision with the stalk of discharge in space, have impact on the uniformity of covering and double The layered effect of layer covering.Although the self-propelled orchard straw covering machine integrated design such as CN201520598228.5, earthing The earthing quality of mechanism is difficult to control, stalk hopper finite volume, influences operating efficiency, and overall operation quality also has much room for improvement.

The utility model discloses a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, can comprehensively solve the above problems, and improves operation Efficiency and quality, promote application of the improving straw mulching technology in orchard, realize orchard soil soil moisture conservation water saving, getting fat, suppression grass, guarantor Temperature, reduces operating cost, improves operation quality, improves fruit industry yield and benefit；Orchard surrounding area stalk resource is solved to waste With burning pollution problem, increasing peasant income, growth of agricultural efficiency are realized.The covering machine can also be used for farmland, desert, the sand outside orchard Beach, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

The content of the invention

The purpose of this utility model：A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine is disclosed, can realize orchard improving straw mulching with Topsoil lid pressure mechanization of operation, standardization, the covering function promote the popularization and application of orchard improving straw mulching technology, reduce fruit Garden improving straw mulching operating cost, improves orchard soil situation, promotes Guo Qu peripheries stalk efficiently to utilize on a large scale, realizes that peasant increases Receive, growth of agricultural efficiency.

The technical problems to be solved in the utility model：How orchard straw covering machine operating efficiency and operation quality are improved.

Garden improving straw mulching machineryization is realized, it is necessary to be completed according to following processing step：

（1）Stalk treatment：Agricultural crop straw is processed into broken section of stalk；

（2）Orchard improving straw mulching substrate preparation：In step（1）Appropriate soil nutrient thing is added in broken section of described stalk Matter or soil structure improved addictive material, and appropriate desinsection, sterilization treatment are carried out as needed, form orchard improving straw mulching matrix.

（3）Orchard soil is ploughed whole：With agricultural machinery, to orchard, in the ranks soil carries out cultivated pine, hack and leveling operation.

（4）Improving straw mulching：With covering machine by step（1）Or step（2）Described stalk（Broken section）Matrix is covered in orchard Soil surface in the ranks, cladding thickness is tried one's best uniformly.

（5）Thin soil lid pressure：While improving straw mulching, covering machine fetches earth on the spot, in step（4）On the stalk layer of the covering One layer of hack of side's covering, the stalk layer thin soil lid pressure that will be covered forms stalk and topsoil layered coverage.Step（5）Can root Used according to selection is needed.

In order to solve the technical problems to be solved in the utility model, the utility model gives following technical scheme：

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that crawler body 29 is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame 27, vehicle frame 27 Upper front is provided with driver's cabin 1, engine 30, gearbox 28 and hydraulic pump 32, and the upper back of vehicle frame 27 is provided with stalk hopper 2, rear end bottom and the vehicle frame 27 of stalk hopper 2 are hinged；At least one hydraulic pressure dump cylinder 26 is installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame 27, Its lower end is hinged with vehicle frame 27, and its upper end is hinged with the bottom of stalk hopper 2；Stalk hopper 2 can be in the work of hydraulic pressure dump cylinder 26 With lower rear dumping material.

The bicycle basket of described stalk hopper 2 has two-layer, and both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion and lower floor be hinged, detachably, May be reversed suspension.

The described inside posterior angle of stalk hopper 2 is transversely mounted a material blanking roller 34, material blanking roller 34 and the bottom of stalk hopper 2 Gap it is adjustable；Material blanking roller 34 leans on stalk hopper（2）Rear outside is wrapped up by a curved baffle 5；Open the bottom of curved baffle 5 It is stalk discharging opening 36 at mouthful, the lower section of stalk discharging opening 36 is provided with a blanking groove 7 downward backward.

Described crawler body 29 and the rear of stalk hopper 2 are casing mechanisms 12.

Described casing mechanism 12 include soil taking shovel 21, carry native device 13, even native device 11, soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear 19, Frame 8, land wheel 15, parallel four-bar linkage 22, steel wire rope 3, hoist cylinder 25.

Described soil taking shovel 21 is an isosceles triangular structure, is symmetrically mounted on the rear of crawler body 29；Etc. waist edge It is shovel face 37, is welded by the bar steel plate of two equal lengths, the junction of the waist edges such as two is spear 38, soil taking shovel 21 Rear end both sides are hinged in frame 8, and the embedded depth of spear 38 can be adjusted by soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear 19.

The extended spot of the rear end both sides of shovel face 37 of described soil taking shovel 21 connects with native device 13 is carried, and carries native device 13 symmetrical The both sides of frame 8 are fixed on, its anterior extension with the rear portion of shovel face 37 of soil taking shovel 21 connects, and its rear portion is risen, with even native device The two ends of the 11 native case 9 of collection are spatially connected up and down.

It is described to carry native device 13 and use drag conveyor or conveying worm；Lead soil box in the front end for carrying native device 13 18, soil box 18 is led for "eight" shape, front wide and rear narrow, its front end connects with the rear end of shovel face 37 extension of soil taking shovel 21, and soil is shoveled Rise, gather, importing is carried inside native device 13.

Described even native device 11 is fixedly mounted on the rear portion of frame 8, and the collection soil case 9 of even native device 11 is a U-type groove Structure, lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom is provided with the soil-discharging port 42 of strip, is provided with an even native spiral 10, even soil inside it The helical blade of the right and left of spiral 10 is oppositely oriented.

The lower edge of described blanking groove 7 is in the top of frame 8, and the rear of soil taking shovel 21 collects the front of native case 9, and Just at the neutral gear between the crossbeam of frame 8.

The articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain 22 in both sides of the described rear end of vehicle frame 27, after parallel four-bar linkage 22 Hold the front end cross beam of articulated frame 8；There are two steel wire ropes 3 the rear portion both sides of frame 8 around being fixed on stalk hopper 2 respectively Fixed pulley 6 pulled from both sides, the other end of steel wire rope 3 crosses oil cylinder pulley 24 and is connected with hoist cylinder 25；In the both sides of frame, It is separately installed with land wheel 15.

Described casing mechanism 12 can land on the ground in orchard improving straw mulching operation, and in orchard, straw covering machine falls Can be risen in head or road driving；Described casing mechanism 12 can also rise in orchard improving straw mulching operation and not work, I.e. in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, casing mechanism 12 can be laid down.

The described output power of engine 30 drives covering machine to walk and hydraulic pump 32 respectively after the speed change of gearbox 28；Liquid The output oil pipe of press pump 32 respectively with the hydraulic motor I 17 being fixed in frame 8 and the hydraulic motor II 23 being fixed on vehicle frame It is connected；Hydraulic motor I 17 exports power and drives even native spiral 10 through chain I 16, and carries native device 13 through the driving of chain II 14；Liquid Pressure motor II 23 exports power and drives material blanking roller 34 through chain III 20；The output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 is connected with hydraulic motor I 17 Oil pipe middle setting has a flow speed control valve.

The two ends of described material blanking roller 34 are fixed on the corner column 4 at the rear portion of stalk hopper 2 by bearing block 33, bearing 33 position on corner column 4 of seat can adjust up and down, and then adjust the gap of the lower edge of material blanking roller 34 and the bottom of stalk hopper 2.

Described hydraulic motor I 17 and adjustable with the output speed of hydraulic motor II.

Described material blanking roller 34 is discaling roll shape structure, and multiple rows of spike-tooth 35 is fixed with round roller surface, per nail tooth staggered row Row；Spike-tooth is rake tooth or conical tooth.

Described soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear 19 is arranged on the triangle waist crossbeam of soil taking shovel 21, is rotated by handle 39 Leading screw 40 lifts roller 41, and then drives the soil taking shovel 21 along the hinging rotary of its rear portion both sides, and entering for spear 38 is adjusted with this Native depth.

Described stalk hopper 2 can at least carry 1 mu of covering inventory in orchard of covering；Described collection soil case 9 is carrying soil Device 13 can not carry the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m in the case of feed, at least.

Described a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described orchard straw covering machine can be by Stalk or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；Suitable for arid and semi-arid Area or seasonal drought area orchard, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard；It is also applied for agriculture Field, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

Compared with prior art, a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine of the utility model is native using soil taking shovel front shovel, Native device both sides conveying is proposed, the technical scheme of the native case rear earthing of collection, different from the technology of existing patent, solves soil and straw Stalk forms intersection-type collision in space, makes the problem that the uniformity of covering and the layered effect of double-deck covering are had a greatly reduced quality, and makes stalk Coating and the laying of thin soil lid laminate layer uniform ground ground, need to protect suitable for Arid＆semi-arid area or seasonal drought area Moisture in the soil, the orchard or soil of water saving, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard.

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, its operation principle is as follows：

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model can complete orchard improving straw mulching and thin soil lid Pressure, detailed process and operation principle are expressed as follows：

When orchard improving straw mulching operation is carried out, covering machine in the ranks at the uniform velocity advances in orchard.Stalk hopper is tumbled backward, In the presence of material blanking roller, flowed out through blanking groove, the materials such as stalk are covered in ground.Meanwhile, the soil taking shovel in casing mechanism will Soil allocates the both sides to orchard in the ranks, and soil is gathered, scooped up, imported into and carry native device by the soil box of leading at soil taking shovel both sides rear In, boosted, transport, soil drops into the two ends in the native case of collection of even native device.Even native spiral is by the soil at two ends to collection soil Pushed in the middle of case.During push, soil falls from the soil-discharging port in the native bottom portion of collection, and uniform spreading is in stalk material coating On.

Advantageous Effects：A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine disclosed in the utility model, using crawler-type traveling Mechanism, improves by performance and hillside fields adaptability；Stalk hopper is increased, effective operation time is increased, operation is improve Efficiency；Using soil taking shovel front shovel soil, native device both sides conveying is proposed, the technical scheme of the native case rear earthing of collection solves soil Formed in space with stalk and intersect, collide influence to covering quality；The structure of stalk material blanking roller and between stalk hopper Gap it is adjustable, make straw mulching quantity adjustable, covering is uniform；Casing mechanism is rearmounted, it is to avoid rut；Soil taking shovel height adjustable, Improve the flexibility of the stability and thickness of earth covering that fetch earth；The stability and thickness that even native device improves earthing operation are uniform Property.

Reference

1. the blanking of 2. stalk hopper of driver's cabin, 3. steel wire rope, 4. corner column, 5. curved baffle, 6. fixed pulley 7. The frame 9. of groove 8. collects the even casing mechanism 13. of native device 12. of the even native spiral 11. of native case 10. and carries native device 14. The hydraulic motor I 18. of II 15. land wheel of chain, 16. chain I 17. leads the chain of 19. soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear of soil box 20. The hoist cylinder of II 24. oil cylinder pulley of bar III 21. soil taking shovel, 22. parallel four-bar linkage, 23. hydraulic motor 25. The hydraulic oil container 32. of 26. hydraulic pressure dump cylinder, 27. vehicle frame, 28. gearbox, 29. crawler body, 30. engine 31. The hand of 38. spear of hydraulic pump 33. bearing block, 34. material blanking roller, 35. spike-tooth, 36. stalk discharging opening, 37. shovel face 39. The soil-discharging port of 40. leading screw of handle, 41. roller 42..

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine general structure left side view

Fig. 2 is a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine general structure right side view

Fig. 3 is a kind of creeper truck left back face upwarding assumption diagram of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 4 is a kind of covering device structure left front view of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 5 is a kind of covering device structure anterior view of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 6 is a kind of covering device structure upward view of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 7 is a kind of soil taking shovel structure chart of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Fig. 8 is a kind of material blanking roller structure chart of crawler type orchard straw covering machine

Specific embodiment

The present embodiment is to carry out improving straw mulching machinery in short anvil apple orchard to be turned into industry.3.5 meters of short anvil apple orchard line space ~4.5 meters, tree-like tree crown is neat.

Improving straw mulching is carried out, it is necessary to be completed according to following processing step in the short anvil apple orchard of intensive cultivating：

1 stalk is in small, broken bits：Agricultural crop straw is processed into broken section of stalk；

2 orchard improving straw mulching substrate preparations：Added in broken section of the stalk described in step 1 appropriate soil nutrient or Soil structure improved addictive material, and appropriate desinsection, sterilization treatment are carried out as needed, form orchard improving straw mulching matrix.

3 orchard soils plough whole：With agricultural machinery, to orchard, in the ranks soil carries out cultivated pine, hack and leveling operation.

4 improving straw mulchings：Broken section of matrix machinery of stalk described in step 1 or step 2 is covered in orchard in the ranks or between strain Soil surface, cladding thickness tries one's best uniformly.

5 thin soil lid pressures：One layer of hack is covered above the stalk layer covered described in step 4 with machinery, the stalk that will be covered Layer thin soil lid pressure, forms stalk with the double-deck covering of topsoil.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, its crawler body 29 is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame 27, The top of vehicle frame 27 front is provided with driver's cabin 1, engine 30, gearbox 28 and hydraulic pump 32, and the upper back of vehicle frame 27 is provided with Stalk hopper 2, rear end and the vehicle frame 27 of stalk hopper 2 are hinged；2 hydraulic pressure dump cylinders 26 are installed on the crossbeam of vehicle frame 27, Its lower end is hinged with vehicle frame 27, and its upper end is hinged with the bottom of stalk hopper 2；Stalk hopper 2 can be in the work of hydraulic pressure dump cylinder 26 With lower rear dumping material.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the bicycle basket of described stalk hopper 2 has a two-layer, both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion with Lower floor is hinged, and detachably, may be reversed suspension.

As shown in figure 3, the described inside posterior angle of stalk hopper 2 is transversely mounted a material blanking roller 34, material blanking roller 34 and straw The gap of the bottom of stalk hopper 2 is adjustable；Wrapped up by a curved baffle 5 in the outside of material blanking roller 34；At the bottom opening of curved baffle 5 It is stalk discharging opening 36, the lower section of stalk discharging opening 36 is provided with a blanking groove 7 downward backward.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described crawler body 29 and the rear of stalk hopper 2 are casing mechanisms 12.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, described casing mechanism 12 includes soil taking shovel 21, carries native device 13, even native device 11, takes Mamoty lowering or hoisting gear 19, frame 8, land wheel 15, parallel four-bar linkage 22, steel wire rope 3, hoist cylinder 25.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7, described soil taking shovel 21 is an isosceles triangular structure, is symmetrically mounted on crawler body 29 rear；It is shovel face 37 etc. waist edge, is welded by the bar steel plate of two equal lengths, the junction of the waist edges such as two is shovel Point 38, the rear end both sides of soil taking shovel 21 are hinged in frame 8, and the embedded depth of spear can be adjusted by soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear 19.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, the extended spot of the shovel face rear end both sides of described soil taking shovel 21 connects with native device 13 is carried, The symmetrical both sides for being fixed on frame 8 of native device 13 are carried, its anterior extension with the shovel face rear portion of soil taking shovel 21 connects, its rear portion liter Rise, the two ends with the native case 9 of the collection of even native device 11 are connected up and down.

As shown in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6, the described native device 13 that carries can be using drag conveyor or conveying worm, this reality Apply example and use drag conveyor；Soil box 18 is led in the front end for carrying native device 13, leads soil box 18 for "eight" shape, front wide and rear narrow, its Front end connects with the shovel face rear end extension of soil taking shovel 21, soil is scooped up, is gathered, and importing is carried inside native device 13.

As shown in figures 1 to 6, described even native device 11 is fixedly mounted on the rear portion of frame 8, the collection soil of even native device 11 Case 9 is a U-type groove structure, lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom be provided with the soil-discharging port 42 of strip, be provided with inside it one it is even Native spiral 10, the helical blade of the right and left of even native spiral 10 is oppositely oriented.

As shown in figure 1, the lower edge of described blanking groove 7 is in the top of frame 8, the rear of soil taking shovel 21 collects native case 9 Front, and just at the neutral gear between the crossbeam of frame 8.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain 22 in both sides of the described rear end of vehicle frame 27, it is parallel The front end cross beam of the articulated frame 8 in rear end of quadric chain 22；The rear portion both sides of frame 8 have respectively two steel wire ropes 3 around The fixed pulley 6 being fixed on stalk hopper 2 is pulled from both sides, and the other end of steel wire rope 3 crosses oil cylinder pulley 24 and hoist cylinder 25 It is connected；In the both sides of frame, land wheel 15 is separately installed with.

As shown in figure 1, described casing mechanism 12 can land on the ground in orchard improving straw mulching operation, in orchard straw Stalk covering machine turn around or road driving in can rise；Described casing mechanism 12 can also rise in orchard improving straw mulching operation Rise and do not work, i.e., in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, can be by drag links Structure 12 is laid down.

As shown in Fig. 2 the described output of engine 30 power driven respectively after the speed change of gearbox 28 covering machine walk and Hydraulic pump 32；The output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 respectively with the hydraulic motor I 17 being fixed in frame 8 and the liquid being fixed on vehicle frame Pressure motor II 23 is connected；Hydraulic motor I 17 exports power and drives even native spiral 10 through chain I 16, and is carried through the driving of chain II 14 Native device 13；Hydraulic motor II 23 exports power and drives material blanking roller 34 through chain III 20；The output oil pipe of hydraulic pump 32 and hydraulic pressure horse There is a flow speed control valve up to I 17 connected oil pipe middle settings.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, after the two ends of described material blanking roller 34 are fixed on stalk hopper 2 by bearing block 33 On the corner column 4 in portion, position of the bearing block 33 on corner column 4 can adjust up and down, so adjust the lower edge of material blanking roller 34 with The gap of the bottom of stalk hopper 2.

As shown in figure 4, described hydraulic motor I 17 and adjustable with the output speed of hydraulic motor II.

As shown in figure 8, described material blanking roller 34 is discaling roll shape structure, multiple rows of spike-tooth 35 is fixed with round roller surface, often arranged Spike-tooth is staggered；Spike-tooth is rake tooth or conical tooth.

As shown in figs. 4 and 7, described soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear 19 is arranged on the triangle waist crossbeam of soil taking shovel 21 On, lift roller 41 by the rotational lead screw 40 of handle 39, and then soil taking shovel 21 is driven along the hinging rotary of its rear portion both sides, with The embedded depth of this adjustment spear.

As shown in figure 1, described stalk hopper 2 can at least carry 1 mu of stalk amount in orchard of covering；Described collection soil case 9 Native device 13 is being carried not in the case of feed, the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m can be at least being carried.

Described a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that described orchard straw covering machine can be by Stalk or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；Suitable for arid and semi-arid Area or seasonal drought area orchard, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard；It is also applied for agriculture Field, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.

In the present embodiment, described hydraulic motor II 23 is to material blanking roller 34, hydraulic motor I 17 to even native spiral 10 and even Native spiral 10 is Chain conveyer to the power delivery mode for carrying native device 13, can also use V belt translation.

Further illustrate a kind of operation principle of crawler type orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model：

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model can complete orchard improving straw mulching and thin soil lid Pressure step, detailed process and operation principle are expressed as follows：

A kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine described in the utility model can complete orchard improving straw mulching and thin soil lid Pressure, detailed process and operation principle are expressed as follows：

When orchard improving straw mulching operation is carried out, covering machine in the ranks at the uniform velocity advances in orchard.Stalk hopper is tumbled backward, In the presence of material blanking roller, flowed out through blanking groove, the materials such as stalk are covered in ground.Meanwhile, the soil taking shovel in casing mechanism will Soil allocates the both sides to orchard in the ranks, and soil is gathered, scooped up, imported into and carry native device by the soil box of leading at soil taking shovel both sides rear In, boosted, transport, soil drops into the two ends in the native case of collection of even native device.Even native spiral is by the soil at two ends to collection soil Pushed in the middle of case.During push, soil falls from the soil-discharging port in the native bottom portion of collection, and uniform spreading is in stalk material coating On.

3 points need special instruction below：

1. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine of the utility model carries native device both sides defeated using soil taking shovel front shovel soil Send, the technical scheme of the native case rear earthing of collection, different from the technology of existing patent, it is to avoid soil is formed with stalk in space to be handed over The layered effect lifting of fork collision, the uniformity of covering and double-deck covering is obvious, makes straw mulching layer and thin soil lid laminate layer uniform It is smooth.

2. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine of the utility model is applied also in addition to short anvil apple orchard is particularly well-suited to In other orchards or soil that Arid＆semi-arid area or seasonal drought area need to preserve soil moisture, economize on water, or need to improve Soil organic matter content, improves other orchards or soil of soil property and geobiont microenvironment, or needs to suppress orchard weed Other orchards or soil, or need to other orchards of soil heat preservation or soil, or the various needs of summary its His orchard or soil.

3. the utility model specification and accompanying drawing give some technical schemes thin for clear explanation technical scheme Section, these details are not to the restriction of the utility model claims.Any deformation or modification that these details are made, Without departing from the utility model protective scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine, it is characterised in that crawler body（29）It is fixedly arranged above vehicle frame（27）, vehicle frame （27）Upper front is provided with driver's cabin（1）, engine（30）, gearbox（28）And hydraulic pump（32）, vehicle frame（27）Upper back Stalk hopper is installed（2）, stalk hopper（2）Rear end bottom and vehicle frame（27）It is hinged；Vehicle frame（27）Crossbeam on be provided with At least one hydraulic pressure dump cylinder（26）, its lower end and vehicle frame（27）It is hinged, its upper end and stalk hopper（2）Bottom is hinged；Straw Stalk hopper（2）Can be in hydraulic pressure dump cylinder（26）In the presence of after dumping material；

Stalk hopper（2）Bicycle basket have two-layer, both sides, the upper strata bicycle basket plate at rear portion and lower floor be hinged, and detachably, may be reversed outstanding Hang；

Stalk hopper（2）Internal posterior angle is transversely mounted a material blanking roller（34）, material blanking roller（34）With stalk hopper（2）Bottom Gap is adjustable；Material blanking roller（34）By stalk hopper（2）Rear outside is by a curved baffle（5）Parcel；Curved baffle（5）Bottom It is stalk discharging opening at portion opening（36）, stalk discharging opening（36）Lower section one blanking groove downward backward is installed（7）；

Crawler body（29）With stalk hopper（2）Rear be casing mechanism（12）；

Casing mechanism（12）Including soil taking shovel（21）, carry native device（13）, even native device（11）, soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear（19）、 Frame（8）, land wheel（15）, parallel four-bar linkage（22）, steel wire rope（3）, hoist cylinder（25）；

Soil taking shovel（21）It is an isosceles triangular structure, is symmetrically mounted on crawler body（29）Rear；It is shovel face etc. waist edge （37）, it is welded by the bar steel plate of two equal lengths, the junction of the waist edges such as two is spear（38）, soil taking shovel（21）'s Rear end both sides are hinged on frame（8）On, spear（38）Embedded depth can be by soil taking shovel lowering or hoisting gear（19）Adjustment；

Soil taking shovel（21）Shovel face（37）The extended spot of rear end both sides with carry native device（13）Connect, carry native device（13）It is symmetrical solid It is scheduled on frame（8）Both sides, its anterior and soil taking shovel（21）Shovel face（37）Rear portion extension connects, and its rear portion is risen, with even soil Device（11）Collection soil case（9）Two ends be spatially connected up and down；

Carry native device（13）Drag conveyor or conveying worm can be used；Carry native device（13）Front end lead soil box（18）, Lead soil box（18）It is "eight" shape, front wide and rear narrow, its front end and soil taking shovel（21）Shovel face（37）Rear end extension connects, by soil Scoop up, gather, importing carries native device（13）It is internal；

Even native device（11）It is fixedly mounted on frame（8）Rear portion, even native device（11）Collection soil case（9）It is a U-type groove knot Structure, lateral symmetry arrangement, its bottom is provided with the soil-discharging port of strip（42）, an even native spiral is installed inside it（10）, it is even Native spiral（10）The right and left helical blade it is oppositely oriented；

Blanking groove（7）Lower edge be in frame（8）Top, soil taking shovel（21）Rear, the native case of collection（9）Front, and just Fortunately frame（8）At neutral gear between crossbeam；

Vehicle frame（27）The articulated a pair of parallel quadric chain in both sides of rear end（22）, parallel four-bar linkage（22）Rear end hinge Then frame（8）Front end cross beam；Frame（8）Rear portion both sides have two steel wire ropes respectively（3）Around being fixed on stalk hopper （2）On fixed pulley（6）From both sides drawing, steel wire rope（3）The other end cross oil cylinder pulley（24）With hoist cylinder（25）It is connected； In the both sides of frame, land wheel is separately installed with（15）；

Described casing mechanism（12）Can land on the ground during improving straw mulching operation in orchard, in orchard, straw covering machine turns around Or can be risen in road driving；Described casing mechanism（12）Can also be risen during improving straw mulching operation in orchard and do not worked, I.e. in the case where thin soil lid pressure is not needed, do not work；When not needing thin soil lid to press for a long time, can be by casing mechanism（12）Unload Fall.

2. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described engine（30） Output power is through gearbox（28）Covering machine is driven to walk and hydraulic pump after speed change respectively（32）；Hydraulic pump（32）Output oil pipe Respectively be fixed on frame（8）On hydraulic motor I（17）With the hydraulic motor II being fixed on vehicle frame（23）It is connected；Hydraulic pressure horse Up to I（17）Output power is through chain I（16）Drive even native spiral（10）, and through chain II（14）Driving carries native device（13）；Liquid Pressure motor II（23）Output power is through chain III（20）Drive material blanking roller（34）；Hydraulic pump（32）Output oil pipe and hydraulic motor I （17）Connected oil pipe middle setting has a flow speed control valve.

3. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described material blanking roller（34） Two ends pass through bearing block（33）It is fixed on stalk hopper（2）The corner column at rear portion（4）On, bearing block（33）In corner column （4）On position can adjust up and down, and then adjust material blanking roller（34）Lower edge and stalk hopper（2）The gap of bottom.

4. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described hydraulic motor I （17）With hydraulic motor II（23）Output speed it is adjustable.

5. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described material blanking roller（34） It is discaling roll shape structure, multiple rows of spike-tooth is fixed with round roller surface（35）, it is staggered per nail tooth；Spike-tooth is rake tooth or taper Tooth.

6. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soil taking shovel lifting Device（19）Installed in soil taking shovel（21）Triangle waist crossbeam on, by handle（39）Rotational lead screw（40）To lift roller （41）, and then drive soil taking shovel（21）Along the hinging rotary of its rear portion both sides, spear is adjusted with this（38）Embedded depth.

7. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described stalk hopper （2）1 mu of covering inventory in orchard of covering can at least be carried；Described collection soil case（9）Carrying native device（13）Not feelings of feed Under condition, the earthing amount that covering machine travels 1m can be at least carried.

8. a kind of crawler type orchard straw covering machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described orchard stalk covers Lid machine can by stalk or straw substrate or fertilizer uniform fold in orchard in the ranks, and by coating thin soil lid pressure；It is applied to Arid＆semi-arid area or seasonal drought area orchard, are particularly suitable for the dwarfing orchard of intensive culture, such as short anvil apple orchard； It is also applied for farmland, desert, barren soil soil improvement, culture fertility.