CN115119702A - Tigeria esculenta no-tillage fertilizing planting method in windy and sandy semi-arid region - Google Patents
Tigeria esculenta no-tillage fertilizing planting method in windy and sandy semi-arid region Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of special economic crops, in particular to a method for planting cyperus esculentus in windy and sandy semiarid regions by no-tillage fertilization. Removing the overground weeds and the previous crops in the area to be planted with the cyperus esculentus, and directly opening narrow ditches without turning the land; applying organic fertilizer and/or chemical fertilizer to the sorted to-be-planted area; sowing cyperus esculentus seeds in the narrow ditch after fertilizing and earthing, and then earthing; watering is needed to supplement water in the seedling stage, weeding and extensive management are carried out in time after seedling emergence, and topdressing is not needed. The method can prevent large-area ground surface dust raising of the sand storm area caused by the traditional spring ploughing mode, relieve the wind erosion condition of the farmland ploughing area, solve the seed exposure problem caused by wind erosion of the cyperus esculentus, and relieve the water and fertilizer leakage condition of the sand floor drain during the growth period of the seedlings. By applying the fertilizing method disclosed by the invention, the soil wind erosion amount is reduced, the field water capacity, the soil total carbon content, the cyperus esculentus plant height and the forage grass yield can be obviously improved.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of special economic crops, in particular to a method for planting cyperus esculentus in windy and sandy semiarid regions by no-tillage fertilization.
Background art:
the sandstorm semiarid region is mainly distributed in northern regions of China, wherein Fuxin City Zhangwu county located in northwest Liaoning is one of representative sandstorm semiarid regions. The Zhangwu is located in the south of Keerqin sand, is a crossing area of a northern agricultural area and a natural grassland pastoral area in China, and belongs to an ecological fragile area. Due to unreasonable barren cultivation and excessive grassland reclamation, the desertification of the soil with strong sand property is intensified, and in addition, the drought years are short, the rain wind is large, the vegetation cover on the ground surface is low, the erosion of wind and sand is difficult to resist, the surface layer of the soil is covered and accumulated by a large amount of wind-formed sand, the desertification of the farmland in a large area is caused, and the land degradation is serious. The artificial and natural factors cause the generation of large-area desertified land, the sandy soil is barren in nutrients, water and fertilizer are leaked, the plant growth is not facilitated, the land surface is bare before spring ploughing after autumn harvest, and a large area of sand storm is easy to occur due to frequent wind blowing in winter and spring, so that the serious threat to the ecological and economic development is caused.
Cyperus esculentus L (Cyperus esculentus L), also known as Cyperus esculentus, is an annual Cyperaceae plant, named "Cyperus esculentus" because its underground tubers resemble beans. Cyperus esculentus is originally produced in desert regions of africa and is known abroad as tiger nuts (tiger nuts) or "chufa". Introduced into China in 1952, the method is widely planted in various regions of China, namely, south to Hainan, north to inner Mongolia, Jilin and the like. On the aspect of economic application, ground stem leaves of cyperus esculentus can be used as excellent forage grass, tubers have wide application, can be used for preparing oil, sugar and starch, can be directly eaten, can be used as medicines, can be used for whole plants, and have high economic benefit. In the aspect of planting management, the cyperus esculentus has extremely strong resistance, is drought-resistant and barren-resistant, can be planted in sandy forests, rarely has plant diseases and insect pests, has no strict requirements on planting conditions, and can be roughly managed. In addition, the cyperus esculentus has strong tillering capability, a planting area can be quickly paved after 1 month of seedling emergence, the higher crown width of stems and leaves on the ground can well cover the exposed ground surface, the underground fibrous roots are developed, sandy soil can be fixed, and the good characteristic enables the cyperus esculentus to be used as a pioneer plant for preventing wind and fixing sand.
At present, researches on the wind prevention and sand fixation and soil improvement by planting the cyperus esculentus in the semiarid region of the wind-blown sand are not seen, and relevant reports on farmland management measures for improving the survival rate of cyperus esculentus seeds and ensuring the crop yield by using a no-tillage organic fertilizer and/or slow-release fertilizer technology are not reported.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a no-tillage fertilizing and planting method for cyperus esculentus in a windy and semi-arid region, aiming at solving the problems of serious wind erosion, water leakage and fertilizer leakage of the windy and semi-arid region.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a windblown sand semi-arid region cyperus esculentus no-tillage fertilization planting method comprises the following steps:
land preparation: removing the overground weeds and the previous crops in the cyperus esculentus area to be planted, and directly opening narrow ditches without turning the land;
fertilizing: applying organic fertilizer and/or chemical fertilizer to the sorted to-be-planted area; wherein, when the organic fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is uniformly spread on the ground surface and then furrowed; when the fertilizer is applied, directly spreading the fertilizer in the ditch after ditching, and covering thin soil after applying the fertilizer;
sowing steps: fertilizing, covering with thin soil, sowing cyperus esculentus seeds in narrow ditches, and then covering with soil, burying and treading tightly;
field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, weeding after seedling emergence, extensive management and no topdressing.
And the area to be planted with the cyperus esculentus is a degraded farmland with serious desertification and without cyperus esculentus, withered and fallen objects covered on the ground are manually scraped off, aired for 1-2 days, and then directly ditched.
When the narrow trench is opened, the line spacing is 43-47 cm, so that sufficient space is provided for underground growth; the depth of the ditch is 18-22 cm, so that the seeds can be prevented from being blown out of the ground surface by strong wind before emerging.
Adding an NAM inhibitor into the fertilizer, wherein the NAM inhibitor is doped according to the proportion of 0.3-0.7% of the weight of urea in the organic fertilizer; the fertilizer is nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the application amount is 30-35 g N/m 2 The phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, and the application amount is P 2 O 5 Measured in the range of 10 to 20g P 2 O 5 /m 2 . The potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is K 2 Measured as O, of 15 to 25g K 2 O/m 2 。
The NAM inhibitor is a long-acting compound fertilizer additive, consists of hydroquinone, dicyandiamide, complex rare earth and zeolite powder, is described in the specification of a patent 99113382, and can be purchased from Shenyang Zhongke novel fertilizer company Limited.
When the organic fertilizer is animal manure of pigs, cattle, sheep and the like, the application amount is 3-4 kg/m 2 。
In the sowing step, the sowing time in the northern region of Liaoxi is ten days of 6 months, and the daily maximum temperature is stabilized to be more than 18-20 ℃.
In the sowing step, sowing is carried out in a sand area, the dry cyperus esculentus seeds do not need to be soaked in advance for accelerating germination, seedling death caused by premature germination and insufficient water supply in a drought area is prevented, the dry cyperus esculentus seeds are directly sowed at equal intervals, 2-3 dry seeds are sowed in each hole, and the hole distance is 7-11 cm.
In the sowing step, when a fertilizer mixing type fertilizer is applied, cyperus esculentus seeds and the fertilizer are simultaneously applied to the narrow ditch layer by layer, the fertilizer is positioned below the seeds, and after the fertilizer is applied, thin soil is covered for dibbling.
The thickness of the thin soil is 4-6 cm.
The forage grass is harvested, the forage grass can be mowed for multiple times during mowing, and the mowing height is more than the total plant 1/2.
The invention has the advantages that:
according to the cyperus esculentus no-tillage fertilization method for the windblown sand semi-arid region, provided by the invention, cyperus esculentus is planted in the windblown sand region, and no-tillage and slow-release fertilizer are applied in a matched manner, so that the problem that the cyperus esculentus seeds are exposed due to large wind erosion of surface soil caused by tillage in the early stage can be solved, and the cyperus esculentus seeds are guaranteed to germinate. Meanwhile, the later-period slow release agent controls the release of nutrients of the fertilizer, improves the utilization efficiency of the nutrients and ensures the growth of the cyperus esculentus seedlings. After the cyperus esculentus seedlings grow, strong root systems can fix sandy soil, flourishing stems and leaves on the ground can shield the bare sandy soil, the invasion of the farmland by wind and sand is reduced, the stems and leaves can be cut to be used as forage grass in 8-9 months when the wind and sand is not serious, and beans and stubbles are not harvested and returned to the field, so that the soil nutrients are improved. Therefore, the method for the no-tillage fertilization of the cyperus esculentus in the windy and sandy semi-arid area achieves the purposes of treating environmental deterioration, reasonably utilizing sand resources and giving consideration to economic benefits and ecological benefits.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of no-tillage fertilization cultivation provided by an embodiment of the invention, wherein a is embodiment 1, and B is embodiment 2.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the method for the no-tillage fertilization of cyperus esculentus in a semiarid region of sandstorm according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The cyperus esculentus is planted in the sandstorm semiarid region by no-tillage fertilization, so that disturbance of the surface layer of soil is reduced, a dust source caused by farmland farming and sand rise is reduced, and the problems of farmland desertification and sand erosion on exposed ground surface are prevented. The blended fertilizer added with the urease inhibitor or the nitrification inhibitor in the fertilizer delays the nutrient release time, reduces ammonia volatilization and nitrate leaching loss, can provide sufficient nutrients for cyperus esculentus while improving the nutrient utilization efficiency, and promotes the growth of overground stems and leaves; the method comprises the following specific steps:
land preparation: and (4) properly removing the overground weeds or stubbles of the previous crops in the area to be planted with the cyperus esculentus, and opening narrow furrows.
Fertilizing: when applying the organic fertilizer, uniformly spreading the organic fertilizer on the ground surface and then ditching; when the fertilizer is applied, the ditch is opened firstly, then the fertilizer is spread in the ditch, and then the fertilizer is covered with thin soil.
Sowing steps: and (4) sowing cyperus esculentus seeds in the narrow groove, and then covering soil, burying and compacting.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, weeding after seedling emergence, extensive management and no topdressing.
The following examples and comparative examples were conducted in a test field of the Liaoning Fuxin Zhangwu county, which is located in the south of the Koerqin Shadi and belongs to a semiarid climate zone, the instantaneous maximum wind speed is 32m/s, and the wind speed of the rising sand is more than 5m/s per year for 240 times. The tested soil is aeolian sandy soil, and the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil are as follows: pH value 6.79, organic matter 0.25g/kg, total nitrogen 0.23g/kg, total phosphorus 24.56mg/kg, total potassium 6.51g/kg, inorganic nitrogen 1.45mg/kg, available phosphorus 0.32mg/kg, quick-acting potassium 22.98mg/kg, volume weight 1.63g/cm 3 . The air erosion rings are pre-embedded after seeding in the following embodiments and comparative examples, specifically: the wind erosion ring has the diameter of 20cm, the height of 5cm and the lower part of 200 meshes of nylon net, and can ensure that the wind erosion ring can exchange water and gas with soil after being buried. When embedding, firstly filling the wind erosion ring with the wind sand soil, holding the wind sand soil with the two hands flat, slightly shaking the wind sand soil left and right to uniformly distribute the wind sand soil in the ring, and enabling the surface of the wind sand soil to be flat while filling the wind erosion ring. And then the wind erosion ring is buried in the ground, so that the surface of the wind erosion ring is flush with the ground surface. Because the planting field is a wind-sand area, the field is often windy in spring under natural conditions; the data for each example is measured at 4 months and 20 days.
Example 1
Taking Liaoning Fuxin Zhangwu county as a test placeIn the south edge of the KorQin sand field, the wind belongs to a semiarid climate area, the instantaneous maximum wind speed is 32m/s, and the sand wind which is more than 5m/s reaches 240 times per year. The tested soil is aeolian sandy soil, and the basic physical and chemical properties of the tested soil are as follows: pH value 6.79, organic matter 0.25g/kg, total nitrogen 0.23g/kg, total phosphorus 24.56mg/kg, total potassium 6.51g/kg, inorganic nitrogen 1.45mg/kg, available phosphorus 0.32mg/kg, quick-acting potassium 22.98mg/kg, volume weight 1.63g/cm 3 。
Land preparation: the stubble of the overground weeds or the previous crops in the area to be planted with the cyperus esculentus is properly removed without turning the land.
Fertilizing: uniformly spreading the decomposed cow dung on the ground surface, wherein the application amount is 3.27kg/m 2 。
Sowing steps: ditching is carried out after the organic fertilizer is applied, the row spacing is 46cm, the ditch depth is 20cm, and cyperus esculentus seeds are sown in narrow ditches. Sowing in the last 6 th month, and selecting dry seeds without wormholes. When sowing, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the hole distance is 8 cm.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, performing artificial weeding in time after seedling emergence, applying no herbicide by spraying, performing extensive management and needing no additional fertilizer.
Harvesting: and (4) cutting stems and leaves on the ground in 8 months, and harvesting forage grass.
Sampling and analyzing:
after sowing, embedding wind erosion circles according to the records, collecting the wind erosion circles after strong wind, and measuring the wind erosion amount (under natural conditions, the sample plot is frequently blown in spring; the data is measured in 20 days of 4 months). And measuring the water content in the wind erosion circle during pre-burying and harvesting, and calculating the wind erosion amount per unit area according to the mass of the dry soil reduced in the wind erosion circle. And (3) collecting 0-15 cm of original soil by adopting a 5-point mixed soil collection method, and measuring the water content of the soil and the effective nitrogen of the soil. The height of the cyperus esculentus is determined in the growing season, and the biomass of the cyperus esculentus stems and leaves is determined during the harvest period (see table 1).
Example 2
Planting the cyperus esculentus according to the recorded region, which comprises the following specific processes:
land preparation: removing the weeds on the ground or stubble of the previous crops in the area to be planted with the cyperus esculentus properly without turning the soil;
fertilizing: after the planting area is cleaned, a narrow ditch is directly opened, the row spacing is 46cm, the ditch depth is 20cm, after the narrow ditch is opened, a slow release fertilizer is applied in the ditch, and then the slow release fertilizer is covered with thin soil. The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the application amount is 30g N/m 2 The phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, and the application amount is P 2 O 5 Meter, is 15g P 2 O 5 /m 2 The potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is K 2 O is 15g K 2 O/m 2 The NAM inhibitor is added in a proportion of 0.35 percent of the urea.
Sowing steps: the narrow ditch is covered with the thin soil and then sown, and the cyperus esculentus seeds and the fertilizer are applied in the narrow ditch layer by layer. Sowing in the last ten days of 6 months, and selecting dry seeds without lacked and free of wormholes. When sowing, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the hole distance is 8 cm.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, performing artificial weeding in time after seedling emergence, applying no herbicide by spraying, performing extensive management and needing no additional fertilizer.
Harvesting: and (4) cutting stems and leaves on the ground in 8 months, and harvesting forage grass.
Sampling and analyzing:
and pre-burying an air erosion ring after sowing, and collecting the air erosion ring after strong wind to measure the air erosion amount. And measuring the water content in the wind erosion circle during pre-burying and harvesting, and calculating the wind erosion amount per unit area according to the mass of the dry soil reduced in the wind erosion circle. And (3) collecting 0-15 cm of original soil by adopting a 5-point mixed soil collection method, and measuring the water content of the soil and the effective nitrogen of the soil. The height of the cyperus esculentus is determined in the growing season, and the biomass of the cyperus esculentus stems and leaves is determined during the harvest period (see table 1).
Comparative example 1
Planting the cyperus esculentus according to the recorded region, which comprises the following specific processes:
land preparation: after removing impurities on the ground, firstly spreading organic fertilizer, and then ridging for traditional plowing. The ridge spacing is 46 cm.
Fertilizing: uniformly spreading the decomposed cow dung on the ground surface after the plowing, wherein the application amount is 3.27kg/m 2 。
Sowing steps: furrowing on the ridges, and planting seeds in the furrows on the ridges. Sowing in the last ten days of 6 months, and selecting dry seeds without lacked and free of wormholes. When sowing, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the hole distance is 8 cm.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, performing artificial weeding in time after seedling emergence, applying no herbicide by spraying, performing extensive management and needing no additional fertilizer.
Harvesting: and (5) cutting stems and leaves on the ground in 8 months, and harvesting the forage grass.
Sampling and analyzing:
and pre-burying an air erosion ring after sowing, and collecting the air erosion ring after strong wind to measure the air erosion amount. And measuring the water content in the wind erosion circle during pre-burying and harvesting, and calculating the wind erosion amount per unit area according to the mass of the dry soil reduced in the wind erosion circle. And (3) collecting 0-15 cm of original soil by adopting a 5-point mixed soil collection method, and measuring the water content of the soil and the effective nitrogen of the soil. The height of the cyperus esculentus is determined in the growing season, and the biomass of the cyperus esculentus stems and leaves is determined during the harvest period (see table 1).
Comparative example 2
Planting cyperus esculentus according to the recorded region, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
land preparation: after removing the impurities on the ground, ridging and traditional ploughing. The ridge spacing is 46 cm.
Fertilizing: after ridging, slow-release fertilizer is applied in the furrows. The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the application amount is 30g N/m 2 The phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, and the application amount is P 2 O 5 Meter, is 15g P 2 O 5 /m 2 The potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is K 2 O is 15g K 2 O/m 2 The NAM inhibitor is added in a proportion of 0.35 percent of the urea.
A sowing step: furrowing is carried out on the furrows, and seeds are planted in the furrows on the ridges. Sowing in the last ten days of 6 months, and selecting dry seeds without lacked and free of wormholes. When sowing, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the hole distance is 8 cm.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, performing artificial weeding in time after seedling emergence, applying no herbicide by spraying, performing extensive management and needing no additional fertilizer.
Harvesting: and (5) cutting stems and leaves on the ground in 8 months, and harvesting the forage grass.
Sampling and analyzing:
and pre-burying an air erosion ring after seeding, and collecting the air erosion ring after strong wind to measure the air erosion amount. And measuring the water content in the wind erosion circle during pre-burying and harvesting, and calculating the wind erosion amount per unit area according to the mass of the dry soil reduced in the wind erosion circle. And (3) collecting 0-15 cm of original soil by adopting a 5-point mixed soil collection method, and measuring the water content of the soil and the effective nitrogen of the soil. The height of the cyperus esculentus is determined in the growing season, and the biomass of the cyperus esculentus stems and leaves is determined during the harvest period (see table 1).
Comparative example 3
Planting cyperus esculentus according to the recorded region, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
land preparation: after removing the sundries on the ground, ridging and traditional plowing are carried out. The ridge spacing is 46 cm.
Fertilizing: after ridging, applying fertilizer in the furrow. The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the application amount is 30g N/m 2 The phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, and the application amount is P 2 O 5 Is measured as 15g P 2 O 5 /m 2 The potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is K 2 O is 15g K 2 O/m 2 。
Sowing steps: furrowing is carried out on the furrows, and seeds are planted in the furrows on the ridges. Sowing in the last 6 th month, and selecting dry seeds without wormholes. When sowing, 2 seeds are planted in each hole, and the hole distance is 8 cm.
Field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, performing artificial weeding in time after seedling emergence, applying no herbicide by spraying, performing extensive management and needing no additional fertilizer.
Harvesting: and (5) cutting stems and leaves on the ground in 8 months, and harvesting the forage grass.
Sampling and analyzing:
and pre-burying an air erosion ring after sowing, and collecting the air erosion ring after strong wind to measure the air erosion amount. And measuring the water content in the wind erosion circle during pre-burying and harvesting, and calculating the wind erosion amount per unit area according to the mass of the dry soil reduced in the wind erosion circle. And (3) collecting 0-15 cm of original soil by adopting a 5-point mixed soil collection method, and measuring the water content of the soil and the effective nitrogen of the soil. The height of the cyperus esculentus is determined in the growing season, and the biomass of the cyperus esculentus stems and leaves is determined during the harvest period (see table 1).
The experimental results of the planting of the above examples 1 and 2 and the planting of the comparative examples 1 to 3 are counted, and the specific results are shown in table 1, wherein the soil wind erosion amount is the minimum in the examples, and the soil water content, the effective nitrogen content, the cyperus esculentus plant height and the stem leaf biomass are the maximum (see table 1).
TABLE 1 statistical table of results of wind erosion amount, soil property and biomass of examples and comparative examples
Claims (9)
1. A windblown sand semi-arid region cyperus esculentus no-tillage fertilization planting method which is characterized in that,
land preparation: removing the overground weeds and the previous crops in the cyperus esculentus area to be planted, and directly opening narrow ditches without turning the land;
fertilizing: applying organic fertilizer and/or chemical fertilizer to the sorted waiting planting area; wherein, when the organic fertilizer is applied, the organic fertilizer is uniformly spread on the ground surface and then furrowed; when the fertilizer is applied, directly spreading the fertilizer in the ditch after ditching, and covering thin soil after applying the fertilizer;
sowing steps: sowing cyperus in narrow ditch after fertilizing and covering with thin soil
Covering the seeds with soil, burying and treading;
field management steps: watering and supplementing water in the seedling stage, weeding after seedling emergence, extensive management and no topdressing.
2. The method for the zero-tillage fertilization of the cyperus esculentus in the windy and semi-arid region according to claim 1, wherein the region to be planted with the cyperus esculentus is a degraded farmland with serious desertification and without cyperus esculentus planted, litters covered on the ground are manually scraped off, aired for 1-2 days, and then narrow ditches are directly opened.
3. The method for the no-tillage fertilization of the cyperus esculentus in the windy and semiarid region according to claim 1, wherein when narrow furrows are formed, the row spacing is 43-47 cm, and the furrow depth is 18-22 cm.
4. The method for no-tillage fertilization of cyperus esculentus in windy and semiarid regions according to claim 1 or 3, wherein a NAM inhibitor is added into the fertilizer, and the NAM inhibitor is doped in an amount of 0.3-0.7% of the weight of urea in the organic fertilizer; the fertilizer is nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, and the application amount is 30-35 g N/m 2 The phosphate fertilizer is diammonium phosphate, and the application amount is P 2 O 5 Measured in the range of 10 to 20g P 2 O 5 /m 2 (ii) a The potassium fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and the application amount is K 2 Measured as O, of 15 to 25g K 2 O/m 2 。
5. The no-tillage fertilizer application method for cyperus esculentus in windy and semiarid region as claimed in claim 4, wherein the application amount is 3-4 kg/m when the organic fertilizer is decomposed manure of animals such as pig, cattle and sheep 2 。
6. The method for no-tillage fertilization of cyperus esculentus in a semiarid region with aeolian sand as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sowing step, sowing is carried out in the aeolian sand region, the dry cyperus esculentus seeds are directly dibbled equidistantly, each hole has 2-3 dry seeds, and the hole distance is 7-11 cm.
7. A no-tillage fertilizer application method for cyperus esculentus in a semiarid region with sand, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said sowing step, when fertilizer-blend type fertilizer is applied, cyperus esculentus seeds and fertilizer are applied in a narrow furrow in a layered manner, the fertilizer is located under the seeds, and after the fertilizer application, the seeds are dibbled by covering thin soil.
8. A method for the no-tillage fertilization of Cyperus esculentus in windy and semi-arid regions according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the thickness of the thin soil is 4 to 6 cm.
9. The method for no-tillage fertilization of cyperus esculentus in semiarid areas of aeolian sand according to claim 1, wherein said forage grass is mown for a plurality of times during mow, each time at a height above the whole plant 1/2.
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