CN107124989B

CN107124989B - Method for recovering vegetation of Tibet severe deteriorated grassland by using dormant oat

Info

Publication number: CN107124989B
Application number: CN201710354786.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金涛; 魏学红; 高雪; 秦基伟; 孙全平
Original assignee: Institute Of Agricultural Resources And Environment Of Tibet Academy Of Agricultural And Animal Husbandry Sciences
Current assignee: Institute Of Agricultural Resources And Environment Of Tibet Academy Of Agricultural And Animal Husbandry Sciences
Priority date: 2017-05-18
Filing date: 2017-05-18
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-18
Also published as: CN107124989A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recovering vegetation of severe deteriorated grassland in Tibet by using dormant oats, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing wild oat seeds and elymus sativus seeds per mu 10 days before the arrival of rainy season, and directly replanting the deteriorated grassland in a no-tillage way by using a no-tillage planter, wherein the height of the plants can reach 50-90cm along with the increase of rainfall in the rainy season, and the vegetation coverage of annual replanting land blocks reaches more than 80%; some wild oats in the current year can breed a certain amount of seeds, and at the next year, about not less than 30kg of wild oats seeds can be produced and then stabilized at about 40 kg/mu; by utilizing dormancy of wild oat and mobility and falling property of wild oat, newly produced wild oat seeds on the plot all enter the soil, and the wild oat seeds bred from the plot further enter the soil along with the second year and later, so as to emerge, grow and breed new wild oat seeds. The invention can ensure that the complete recovery and reconstruction of the deteriorated grassland are realized.

Description

Method for recovering vegetation of Tibet severe deteriorated grassland by using dormant oat

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture and animal husbandry, and relates to a method for recovering vegetation of Tibet severe deteriorated grassland by using dormant oats.

Background

Wild oat is usually a malignant weed in agricultural areas, and partial seeds (50%) scattered in soil cannot immediately emerge even if the conditions such as temperature, humidity and the like are proper, and some seeds emerge even after 5 years, which is the dormancy of wild oat seeds.

The Tibetan natural grassland is at high altitude (more than 4200 m), cold (the average annual temperature is less than 5 ℃), dry (the average annual precipitation is less than 300mm), windy (132 days of strong wind and 5m/s of average wind speed), and the growth period of plants is 60-90 days. The wind erosion and water erosion caused by the deterioration of the grassland are serious, and the influence caused by the wind erosion is the most serious due to low precipitation. The key to containing grass deterioration is therefore to reduce the effects of wind erosion. At present, the modes of grass grids, stone fences beside highways and the like are adopted in the sand prevention and fixation treatment, namely, the wind speed is reduced, and the wind erosion is reduced.

At present, the deteriorated grassland is usually recovered by artificially sowing the elymus chinense. The elymus dahuricus in the method has strong stress resistance, but has low grass yield and short plants, and cannot effectively play the effects of reducing the wind erosion of the ground surface and slowing down the degeneration. Therefore, in the recovery process of the severely degenerated natural grassland in Tibet, how to establish the artificial grassland with relatively high perennial plants at one time is the current technical problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for recovering Tibetan severe deteriorated grassland vegetation by using dormant oats. The following aims are achieved:

1. the method makes full use of the bulk or strip vegetation cover formed on the earth surface after the elymus is grown, and plays the roles of reducing the wind speed and stabilizing the bare soil;

2. the wild oat with higher plants forms a micro-ecological environment with the elymus sativus on the ground surface at the height of 15-50 or 90cm to reduce the wind speed, reduce the wind erosion, protect the elymus sativus on the ground surface and promote the growth of the elymus sativus;

3. even if higher oats are mown, 50% of wild oat seeds can slowly emerge year by year in a few years after planting, a micro-ecological environment is continuously formed, and the growth of the elymus is promoted;

4. due to the stability of the ecological environment of the ground surface, other plant seeds on the ground surface have the opportunity to root and sprout to form a new plant community, and finally the recovery of the deteriorated grassland is realized.

The specific technical scheme is as follows:

a method for restoring Tibetan severe deteriorated grassland vegetation by using dormant oats comprises the following steps:

before 10 days of coming of rainy season, 7.5kg of wild oat seeds and 3kg of elymus blume seeds are uniformly mixed per mu, a no-tillage planter is used for no-tillage direct additional sowing on the deteriorated grassland, the seeds just catch up to the rainy season after sowing to facilitate seedling emergence, and the seedlings continuously emerge for 15 days after sowing. All seedlings are completely grown within 30 days after sowing; with the increase of rainfall in rainy season, the plant height can reach 50-90cm, wherein the plant height of the elymus cappus is 15cm, the plant height of the oat is 50-90cm, and the vegetation coverage of the reseeding land in the current year can reach more than 80%; some wild oats in the current year can breed a certain number of seeds, about 15-20 kg/mu, and in the second year, about not less than 30kg of wild oats seeds can be produced, and then the wild oats are stabilized at about 40 kg/mu; by utilizing the dormancy of wild oat, 30-40% of seeds gradually emerge in 3-4 years after sowing. And then, by utilizing the mobility and the falling property of wild oat, the wild oat seeds newly generated on the plot can completely enter the soil, and the wild oat seeds bred on the plot in the next year and later can further enter the soil, so that new wild oat seeds are emerged, grown and bred.

Furthermore, the wild oat cannot be grazed in the field within 2 years after planting, the wild oat can be properly and manually mown, the height of the mown stubbles cannot be lower than the ground surface by 15cm, and the mown stubbles cannot be mown before the wild oat seeds completely fall.

Further, after 2 years, appropriate field grazing was performed in summer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention utilizes dormancy property, stress resistance and high yield of wild oat, and plants perennial grassland at one time by mixed sowing with the elymus pratense to form a three-dimensional windproof soil-fixing structure with the plant height of 50-90cm, and can also greatly improve the yield of the artificial grassland in the area, and leave high stubbles to slow down the wind erosion on the earth surface even after being mowed. The technical scheme of the invention can ensure that the complete recovery and reconstruction of the deteriorated grassland are realized.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

Before 10 days of coming of rainy season, 7.5kg of wild oat seeds and 3kg of elymus blume seeds are uniformly mixed in each mu, a no-tillage planter is used for no-tillage direct additional planting on the deteriorated grassland, the seeds just catch up to the rainy season after planting to facilitate seedling emergence, and the seedlings can continuously emerge in 15 days after planting. All seedlings are sown evenly within 30 days after sowing, and the total rate of emergence is about 30%. Along with the increase of rainfall in rainy season, the plants grow faster, the plant height can reach 50-90cm, wherein the plant height of the elymus is about 15cm, the plant height of the oat is 50-90cm, and the vegetation coverage of the reseeding land can reach more than 80% in the current year. Some wild oats in the year can be bred to a certain number of seeds, about 15-20 kg/acre, and in the second year about not less than 30kg of wild oats seeds can be produced, which subsequently stabilize at about 40 kg/acre. By virtue of the dormancy of wild oats, about 30-40% of the seeds can emerge gradually within a few years after sowing. And then, by utilizing the mobility and the falling property of wild oat, the wild oat seeds newly generated on the plot can completely enter the soil, and the wild oat seeds bred on the plot in the next year and later can further enter the soil, so that new wild oat seeds are emerged, grown and bred. The technique thus ensures a complete recovery and reconstruction of the deteriorated grass.

The key of the management technology is as follows: the wild oat seeds can not be grazed in the field within 2 years after planting, and can be properly and manually mown, the height of the mown stubbles can not be lower than the ground surface by 15cm, and the mown stubbles can not be mown before the wild oat seeds completely fall off. After 2 years, the forage can be properly grazed in the field in summer.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions that can be obviously obtained by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for recovering Tibetan severe deteriorated grassland vegetation by using dormant oats is characterized by comprising the following steps:

before 10 days of coming of rainy season, uniformly mixing 7.5kg of wild oat seeds and 3kg of elymus blume seeds per mu, carrying out no-tillage direct additional sowing on the deteriorated grassland by using a no-tillage sowing machine, just catching up to the rainy season after sowing to facilitate seedling emergence, and continuously sprouting 15 days after sowing; all seedlings are completely grown within 30 days after sowing; with the increase of rainfall in rainy season, the plant height reaches 50-90cm, wherein the plant height of the elymus cappus is 15cm, the plant height of the oat is 50-90cm, and the vegetation coverage of the reseeding land in the current year reaches more than 80%; part of wild oats in the current year can breed 15-20 kg/mu of seeds and can produce not less than 30kg of wild oats seeds in the next year, and then the wild oats seeds are stabilized at 40 kg/mu; by utilizing the dormancy of wild oat, 30-40% of seeds gradually emerge in 3-4 years after sowing; and then, by utilizing the mobility and the falling property of wild oat, all wild oat seeds newly produced on the plot enter the soil, and the wild oat seeds bred on the plot in the next year and later further enter the soil, so as to emerge, grow and breed new wild oat seeds.

2. The method for recovering severely deteriorated grassland vegetation in Tibet by using dormant oats in accordance with claim 1, wherein the oats cannot be grazed in the field within 2 years after planting, and can be mown properly and manually, the height of the mown stubble cannot be lower than 15cm from the ground surface, and the mown time cannot be earlier than before the wild oat grains fall off completely.

3. The method of utilizing dormant oats for restoration of severely deteriorated grassland vegetation in tibetan according to claim 1, wherein after 2 years, appropriate field grazing is performed in the summer.