CN114680031B - Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings - Google Patents
Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114680031B CN114680031B CN202210082923.0A CN202210082923A CN114680031B CN 114680031 B CN114680031 B CN 114680031B CN 202210082923 A CN202210082923 A CN 202210082923A CN 114680031 B CN114680031 B CN 114680031B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- seeds
- germination
- seedless
- seedling
- survival rate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/50—Isolated enzymes; Isolated proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of seedless watermelons, which comprises seed treatment, germination acceleration, preparation of seedling substrates, sowing and seedling management. The germination promoter is added in the seed treatment process, and comprises gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C. After the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to seed embryos, gibberellin in the germination promoter promotes seed germination, and polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the germination rate of the seedless watermelon seeds is more than 97%, the survival rate of seedlings is more than 95%, the seed utilization rate is high, and the additional cost of planting is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedless watermelon planting, and particularly relates to a method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings.
Background
Seedless watermelons, also called triploid watermelons, are planted from seeds obtained by hybridization of diploid watermelons and tetraploid watermelons, have the advantages of no seed regurgitation, high sugar content, easy storage and good taste, and are popular with people. The growth of seedless watermelons is substantially the same as that of common watermelons with seeds, the cultivation technology of the seedless watermelons is similar to that of common watermelons with seeds, but the survival rate of seedlings is far lower than that of common watermelons with seeds. The problems of low seed germination rate, low seedling rate, dead seedling in the seedling recovering period, pollen abortion, low melon setting rate and the like often occur in the cultivation process of seedless watermelons, and the yield is reduced for light people and the harvest is stopped for heavy people. In order to improve the yield and quality of seedless watermelons, the survival rate of seedlings is first improved, and corresponding technical measures are adopted in seedling management.
The patent No. CN201710629429.0 is named as a seedling cultivation method of high-yield seedless watermelons, nutrient solution and nutrient soil are used in a matched mode in the seedling cultivation process, invasion of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, and yield and quality of seedless watermelons are improved. However, the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings is realized by reducing plant diseases and insect pests, and the germination rate of the seedlings is also improved.
Patent number CN201810272387.4 is named as a cultivation method of seedless watermelons, and organic seedless watermelons with high yield, good quality and attractive appearance are cultivated through a series of method steps of seedling raising, seeding, seedbed management, soil preparation and fertilization, field planting, field management and the like, but an exact scheme for improving the survival rate of seedlings is not provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings, and the purposes of improving the germination rate and the survival rate of the seedlings are achieved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for increasing the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings includes such steps as treating seeds, accelerating germination, preparing the seedling matrix, sowing and managing the seedlings.
S1, seed treatment
Selecting seedless watermelon seeds with regular shapes and sizes and plump grains, cleaning off skin impurities, soaking in distilled water, adding a bud promoting agent, soaking for 1-2h at 35-40 ℃, then carrying out microwave treatment for 3-5min, fishing out and airing.
Preferably, the components of the bud-promoting agent comprise gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C; the addition amount of each component of the bud-promoting agent is 1-2g/L of gibberellin, 20-30g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1-0.2g/L of glyceride hydrolase, 0.02-0.04g/L of xylanase, 5-10g/L of honeysuckle extract and 0.8-1.5g/L of vitamin C.
Preferably, the glyceride hydrolase and xylanase are commercially available, wherein the glyceride hydrolase activity is 100000u/ml and the xylanase activity is 50000u/ml.
Preferably, the power of the microwave treatment is 150-180W.
The seed of seedless watermelon is different from the seed of ordinary diploid watermelon, the seed coat of seedless watermelon is thick, the wood plug degree is high, so the germination rate of seedless watermelon is low, the seed coat is cut by a shell breaking technology to improve the germination rate of seedless watermelon, but the method is easy to damage the embryo. Wood embolization refers to the addition of wood embolization to the cell wall of the seed coat, resulting in increased cell wall strength and poor permeability, which is a glycerol-based polymer. After the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to seed embryos, gibberellin in the germination promoter promotes seed germination, and polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds.
S2, accelerating germination
Placing the treated seeds on wet gauze, covering a layer of wet gauze on the treated seeds, and then placing the seeds in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box for germination accelerating for 12-14h.
Preferably, the temperature of the constant-temperature germination accelerating box is 33-35 ℃.
S3, preparing seedling substrate
Preparing a seedling substrate suitable for seedless watermelons, wherein 30-40 parts of turf, 10-15 parts of perlite, 2-4 parts of biological bacterial fertilizer and 10-15 parts of vermiculite are added with water and uniformly mixed, and the water content is 55-60%.
Preferably, 1-2% of chlorothalonil 500-700 times liquid is added into seedling raising matrix to prevent and treat diseases of seedling.
Preferably, the chlorothalonil is commercially available, and the content of the effective components is 75%.
S4, sowing
The seedling substrate is arranged in a plug, seeds after germination are sown, and the sowing depth is 0.8cm to 1.0cm; covering with turf, trowelling for 1-2cm, sprinkling irrigation until the grass is thoroughly irrigated, and covering with a layer of film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
Preferably, the plug is 50 holes or 72 holes; the thickness of the film is 0.06-0.12mm.
S5, seedling management
Maintaining the temperature of the greenhouse at 33-35 ℃ and keeping ventilation in the greenhouse. After the seedlings come out of the soil, removing the film, controlling the daytime temperature in the greenhouse to be 23-25 ℃ and the night temperature to be 16-18 ℃ to prevent the hypocotyls of the seedlings from slender formation of high-footed seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 2-3 true leaves, controlling the temperature of 28-30 ℃ in the greenhouse in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night.
Preferably, the substrate is kept moist during seedling management, and the seedling is sprayed with the foliar fertilizer special for watermelons once after the first true leaves of the seedling are grown.
Further, the spraying concentration of the special foliar fertilizer for watermelons is 0.1-0.15%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. by adopting the method provided by the invention, the germination rate of the seedless watermelon seeds is more than 97%, the survival rate of seedlings is more than 95%, the seed utilization rate is high, and the additional cost of planting is reduced.
2. When the seeds are treated, after the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of the seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to embryo, gibberellin in the seeds promotes the germination of the seeds, and the polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds.
3. The seedling raising matrix suitable for seedless watermelons is prepared, the water retention and air permeability are good, chlorothalonil is added into the seedling raising matrix, and the survival rate of seedlings is prevented from being reduced due to the occurrence of diseases in the seedling period.
4. After the seedlings come out of the soil, the film is removed, and meanwhile, the temperature is reduced in the greenhouse, so that the seedling hypocotyls are prevented from forming high seedlings in a slender mode.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Example 1 a method for increasing the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings comprising the steps of:
s1, seed treatment
Selecting 500 seedless watermelon seeds with regular shapes and sizes and plump grains, cleaning off skin impurities, soaking in distilled water, adding a bud promoting agent, soaking for 1.5h at 38 ℃, then carrying out microwave treatment for 5min, fishing out and airing.
The components of the bud-promoting agent comprise gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C; the addition amount of each component of the bud-promoting agent is 1.5g/L of gibberellin, 25g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.15g/L of glyceride hydrolase, 0.03g/L of xylanase, 7g/L of honeysuckle extract and 1.2g/L of vitamin C.
The activity of the glyceride hydrolase is 100000u/ml, and the activity of the xylanase is 50000u/ml.
The power of the microwave treatment is 160W.
The seed of seedless watermelon is different from the seed of ordinary diploid watermelon, the seed coat of seedless watermelon is thick, the wood plug degree is high, so the germination rate of seedless watermelon is low, the seed coat is cut by a shell breaking technology to improve the germination rate of seedless watermelon, but the method is easy to damage the embryo. Wood bolting means that wood bolting is added in the cell wall of the seed coat, so that the strength of the cell wall is increased and the permeability is poor; wood plugs are a type of polymer based on glycerol. After the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to seed embryos, gibberellin in the germination promoter promotes seed germination, and polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds.
S2, accelerating germination
Placing the treated seeds on wet gauze, covering a layer of wet gauze on the treated seeds, and then placing the seeds in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box for germination accelerating for 12 hours.
The temperature of the constant-temperature germination accelerating box is 35 ℃.
S3, preparing seedling substrate
Preparing a seedling substrate suitable for seedless watermelons, wherein 35 parts of turf, 12 parts of perlite, 3 parts of biological bacterial fertilizer and 12 parts of vermiculite are added with water and uniformly mixed, and the water content is 60%.
Adding 1% chlorothalonil 600 times liquid into seedling substrate to prevent and treat diseases.
The chlorothalonil is commercially available, and the content of the active ingredients is 75%.
S4, sowing
The seedling substrate is arranged in a 50-hole tray, seeds after germination are sown, and the sowing depth is 0.8cm; covering with turf after sowing, trowelling for 1.5cm, sprinkling irrigation until the grass is thoroughly irrigated, and covering with a layer of film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
The thickness of the film was 0.12mm.
S5, seedling management
The temperature of the greenhouse is maintained at 34 ℃ and ventilation is maintained in the greenhouse. After the seedlings come out of the soil, removing the film, controlling the temperature of 24 ℃ in the greenhouse at the daytime and 17 ℃ at night, and preventing the hypocotyls of the seedlings from slender formation of high-footed seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 2 true leaves, controlling the temperature of the greenhouse at 30 ℃ in the daytime and at 18 ℃ at night.
The substrate is kept moist during seedling management, and the seedling is sprayed with the foliar fertilizer special for the watermelon once after the first true leaf grows out.
The spraying concentration of the special foliar fertilizer for watermelons is 0.1%.
By the method of example 1, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds was 98% and the seedling survival rate was 97%.
Example 2 a method for increasing the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings comprising the steps of:
s1, seed treatment
Selecting 500 seedless watermelon seeds with regular shapes and sizes and plump grains, cleaning off skin impurities, soaking in distilled water, adding a bud promoter, soaking for 2 hours at 35 ℃, performing microwave treatment for 3 minutes, fishing out and airing.
The components of the bud-promoting agent comprise gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C; the addition amount of each component of the bud-promoting agent is 1g/L of gibberellin, 30g/L of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1g/L of glyceride hydrolase, 0.02g/L of xylanase, 5g/L of honeysuckle extract and 1.5g/L of vitamin C.
The activity of the glyceride hydrolase is 100000u/ml, and the activity of the xylanase is 50000u/ml.
The power of the microwave treatment is 150W.
The seed of seedless watermelon is different from the seed of ordinary diploid watermelon, the seed coat of seedless watermelon is thick, the wood plug degree is high, so the germination rate of seedless watermelon is low, the seed coat is cut by a shell breaking technology to improve the germination rate of seedless watermelon, but the method is easy to damage the embryo. Wood bolting means that wood bolting is added in the cell wall of the seed coat, so that the strength of the cell wall is increased and the permeability is poor; wood plugs are a type of polymer based on glycerol. After the germination promoter is added in the seed treatment process, the germination rate of the seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to seed embryos, gibberellin in the germination promoter promotes the germination of the seeds, and the activity of seed cells can be improved by taking polyvinyl alcohol as a penetration regulator; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds.
S2, accelerating germination
Placing the treated seeds on wet gauze, covering a layer of wet gauze on the treated seeds, and then placing the seeds in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box for germination accelerating for 14h.
The temperature of the constant-temperature germination accelerating box is 33 ℃.
S3, preparing seedling substrate
Preparing a seedling substrate suitable for seedless watermelons, wherein 30 parts of turf, 10 parts of perlite, 2 parts of biological bacterial fertilizer and 10 parts of vermiculite are added with water and uniformly mixed, and the water content is 55%.
Adding 500 times of chlorothalonil solution with concentration of 1% into seedling substrate to prevent and treat diseases.
The chlorothalonil is commercially available, and the content of the active ingredients is 75%.
S4, sowing
The seedling substrate is arranged in a 72-hole tray, seeds after germination are sown, and the sowing depth is 1cm; covering with turf after sowing, trowelling for 1cm, sprinkling irrigation until the grass is thoroughly irrigated, and covering with a layer of film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
The thickness of the film was 0.06mm.
S5, seedling management
The temperature of the greenhouse is maintained at 33 ℃ and ventilation is maintained in the greenhouse. After the seedlings come out of the soil, removing the film, controlling the temperature of 23 ℃ in the greenhouse at the daytime and 16 ℃ at night, and preventing the hypocotyls of the seedlings from slender formation of high-footed seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 3 true leaves, controlling the temperature of 28 ℃ in the greenhouse at the daytime and 18 ℃ at night.
The substrate is kept moist during seedling management, and the seedling is sprayed with the foliar fertilizer special for the watermelon once after the first true leaf grows out.
The spraying concentration of the special foliar fertilizer for watermelons is 0.15%.
By the method of example 2, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds was 97% and the seedling survival rate was 96%.
Example 3 a method for increasing the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings comprising the steps of:
s1, seed treatment
Selecting 500 seedless watermelon seeds with regular shapes and sizes and plump grains, cleaning off skin impurities, soaking in distilled water, adding a bud promoting agent, soaking for 1h at 40 ℃, performing microwave treatment for 3min, fishing out and airing.
The components of the bud-promoting agent comprise gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C; the addition amount of each component of the bud-promoting agent is gibberellin 2g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 20g/L, glyceride hydrolase 0.2g/L, xylanase 0.04g/L, honeysuckle extract 10g/L and vitamin C0.8g/L.
The activity of the glyceride hydrolase is 100000u/ml, and the activity of the xylanase is 50000u/ml.
The power of the microwave treatment is 180W.
The seed of seedless watermelon is different from the seed of ordinary diploid watermelon, the seed coat of seedless watermelon is thick, the wood plug degree is high, so the germination rate of seedless watermelon is low, the seed coat is cut by a shell breaking technology to improve the germination rate of seedless watermelon, but the method is easy to damage the embryo. Wood bolting means that wood bolting is added in the cell wall of the seed coat, so that the strength of the cell wall is increased and the permeability is poor; wood plugs are a type of polymer based on glycerol. After the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to seed embryos, gibberellin in the germination promoter promotes seed germination, and polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds.
S2, accelerating germination
Placing the treated seeds on wet gauze, covering a layer of wet gauze on the treated seeds, and then placing the seeds in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box for germination accelerating for 13h.
The temperature of the constant-temperature germination accelerating box is 34 ℃.
S3, preparing seedling substrate
Preparing a seedling substrate suitable for seedless watermelons, wherein 40 parts of turf, 15 parts of perlite, 4 parts of biological bacterial fertilizer and 15 parts of vermiculite are added with water and uniformly mixed, and the water content is 60%.
2% chlorothalonil 700 times liquid is added into seedling substrate to prevent and treat diseases.
The chlorothalonil is commercially available, and the content of the active ingredients is 75%.
S4, sowing
The seedling substrate is arranged in a 50-hole tray, seeds after germination are sown, and the sowing depth is 1cm; covering with turf, trowelling for 2cm, sprinkling irrigation until the grass is thoroughly irrigated, and covering with a layer of film for heat preservation and moisture preservation.
The thickness of the film was 0.12mm.
S5, seedling management
The temperature of the greenhouse is maintained at 35 ℃ and ventilation is maintained in the greenhouse. After the seedlings come out of the soil, removing the film, controlling the temperature of 25 ℃ in the greenhouse at the daytime and 18 ℃ at night, and preventing the hypocotyls of the seedlings from slender formation of high-footed seedlings; when the seedlings grow to 3 true leaves, controlling the temperature of the greenhouse at 30 ℃ in the daytime and 20 ℃ at night.
The substrate is kept moist during seedling management, and the seedling is sprayed with the foliar fertilizer special for the watermelon once after the first true leaf grows out.
The spraying concentration of the special foliar fertilizer for watermelons is 0.1%.
By the method of example 3, the germination rate of seedless watermelon seeds was 98% and the seedling survival rate was 96%.
Comparative example 1
Representative example 1 was selected, the seed treatment step was removed, and the seed was treated using conventional crust breaking techniques, the remainder being identical to example 1 with a germination rate of 84%, a seedling survival rate of 90%, less than the effect of example 1.
When the seeds are treated, after the germination promoter is added, the germination rate of the seedless watermelon seeds can be effectively improved, no damage is caused to embryo, gibberellin in the seeds promotes the germination of the seeds, and the polyvinyl alcohol serving as a penetration regulator can improve the activity of seed cells; glyceride hydrolase can relieve the wood bolting degree of seeds; the proper amount of xylanase can loosen the cell wall structure of seeds, reduce the strength and facilitate budding; the honeysuckle extract and the vitamin C can improve the disease resistance of seeds. The traditional shell breaking technology is adopted to treat seeds, so that certain damage is caused to embryo, the quality of seedlings is reduced, and the survival rate is reduced.
The bud ratio calculating method comprises the following steps: germination rate = number of seeds germinated +.treated seeds +.100%
The method for calculating the survival rate of the seedlings comprises the following steps: seedling survival = number of surviving seedlings ≡number of seeds budded × 100%
The proportions are mass proportions, and the percentages are mass percentages, unless otherwise specified; the raw materials are all commercially available.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for improving the survival rate of seedless watermelons is characterized by comprising seed treatment, germination accelerating, preparation of seedling culture matrixes, sowing and seedling culture management;
the seed treatment, namely selecting seedless watermelon seeds with neat shape and size and full grains, cleaning off skin impurities, soaking in distilled water, adding a bud accelerator, soaking for 1-2h at 35-40 ℃, then carrying out microwave treatment for 3-5min, fishing out and airing;
the components of the bud-promoting agent comprise gibberellin, polyvinyl alcohol, glyceride hydrolase, xylanase, honeysuckle extract and vitamin C;
the addition amount of gibberellin is 1-2g/L, the addition amount of polyvinyl alcohol is 20-30g/L, the addition amount of glyceride hydrolase is 0.1-0.2g/L, the addition amount of xylanase is 0.02-0.04g/L, the addition amount of honeysuckle extract is 5-10g/L, and the addition amount of vitamin C is 0.8-1.5g/L.
2. The method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the power of the microwave treatment is 150-180W.
3. The method for improving the survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the germination accelerating is carried out by placing the treated seeds on wet gauze, covering the treated seeds with a layer of wet gauze, and then placing the seeds in a constant-temperature germination accelerating box for germination accelerating for 12-14 hours;
the temperature of the constant-temperature germination accelerating box is 33-35 ℃.
4. The method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelons according to claim 1, wherein the seedling growing matrix is prepared and is suitable for seedless watermelons;
the seedling substrate is prepared by adding 30-40 parts of turf, 10-15 parts of perlite, 2-4 parts of biological bacterial fertilizer and 10-15 parts of vermiculite into water and uniformly stirring, wherein the water content is 55-60%.
5. The method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the seeding is carried out by loading seedling raising matrix into a plug tray, and seeding the seeds after germination accelerating to a depth of 0.8-1.0cm; covering with turf, trowelling for 1-2cm, sprinkling to thoroughly irrigate, and covering with a layer of film.
6. The method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelons according to claim 1, wherein the seedling raising management is to maintain the greenhouse temperature at 33-35 ℃ and keep ventilation in the greenhouse; after the seedlings come out of the soil, removing the film, and controlling the temperature of the greenhouse at 23-25 ℃ in the daytime and 16-18 ℃ at night; when the seedlings grow to 2-3 true leaves, controlling the temperature of 28-30 ℃ in the greenhouse in the daytime and 18-20 ℃ at night.
7. The method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the seedling management is carried out by keeping a substrate moist during seedling management, and spraying a leaf fertilizer special for watermelons once after seedlings grow out of a first true leaf;
the spraying concentration of the special foliar fertilizer for watermelons is 0.1-0.15%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210082923.0A CN114680031B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210082923.0A CN114680031B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114680031A CN114680031A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
| CN114680031B true CN114680031B (en) | 2023-09-05 |
Family
ID=82136847
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210082923.0A Active CN114680031B (en) | 2022-01-25 | 2022-01-25 | Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114680031B (en) |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009195213A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-09-03 | En Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | Softening method and softened seed |
| CN103380698A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-06 | 南京市农林园艺技术推广站 | Greenhouse medium seedling method of seedless watermelon |
| CN104025837A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Watermelon seed germination acceleration method |
| CN105875671A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-24 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Nutritional seed-soaking fluid for crop seeds |
| CN106105478A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 固镇县华原家庭农场 | A kind of germination accelerating method improving Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae percentage of seedgermination |
| CN106171150A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 刘丽娜 | A kind of cucumber seeds sowing processing method |
| CN106664880A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | Seeding and seedling culture method of strawberry |
| CN107517720A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-29 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of watermelon seed seedling breeding method for improving germination percentage |
| CN107710950A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed germination accelerating method |
| CN108157080A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-06-15 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | A kind of method of greenhouse selenium-enriched watermelon plantation |
| CN108157081A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of cultural method of fennel |
| CN109089770A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-28 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of watermelon seedling culturing method of high temperature tolerance |
| CN110915823A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 皖西学院 | Method for extracting natural product for promoting seed germination |
-
2022
- 2022-01-25 CN CN202210082923.0A patent/CN114680031B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009195213A (en) * | 2008-02-25 | 2009-09-03 | En Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co Ltd | Softening method and softened seed |
| CN103380698A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-11-06 | 南京市农林园艺技术推广站 | Greenhouse medium seedling method of seedless watermelon |
| CN104025837A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-09-10 | 和县绿丰种业有限公司 | Watermelon seed germination acceleration method |
| CN105875671A (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2016-08-24 | 巢湖市鑫宇良种农民专业合作社 | Nutritional seed-soaking fluid for crop seeds |
| CN106105478A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-11-16 | 固镇县华原家庭农场 | A kind of germination accelerating method improving Caulis et Folium Lactucae sativae percentage of seedgermination |
| CN106171150A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-12-07 | 刘丽娜 | A kind of cucumber seeds sowing processing method |
| CN106664880A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | Seeding and seedling culture method of strawberry |
| CN107517720A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-29 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of watermelon seed seedling breeding method for improving germination percentage |
| CN107710950A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-23 | 安徽徽大农业有限公司 | A kind of tamato seed germination accelerating method |
| CN108157081A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 塔里木大学 | A kind of cultural method of fennel |
| CN108157080A (en) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-06-15 | 山西省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 | A kind of method of greenhouse selenium-enriched watermelon plantation |
| CN109089770A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-28 | 蚌埠市禹会区马城胡本号家庭农场 | A kind of watermelon seedling culturing method of high temperature tolerance |
| CN110915823A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 皖西学院 | Method for extracting natural product for promoting seed germination |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114680031A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN105165512A (en) | Crown inclination controlling four-season cutting rapid propagation method for alnus formosana | |
| CN109964761B (en) | Ecological efficient planting and cultivating method for chenopodium quinoa in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN102090243A (en) | Efficient cultivation technology for large arch shed watermelon, kidney bean and solanum ferox | |
| CN107200621A (en) | It is a kind of to improve the implantation methods of sponge gourd quality | |
| CN108718591B (en) | Seedling growing method for lavender | |
| CN112400638A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for rice in saline-alkali soil | |
| CN105815000B (en) | A kind of spring maize method for treating seeds and covering cultivation method | |
| CN114698514A (en) | Cultivation method suitable for thin-skin muskmelon with vine climbing first and vine hanging later | |
| CN111631094B (en) | Efficient planting method for two-year-three-cropping in dry land | |
| CN110226473B (en) | High-yield wheat planting method | |
| CN104303765B (en) | The high-yield planting method of the stem of noble dendrobium | |
| CN111011381A (en) | Seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa | |
| CN114680031B (en) | Method for improving survival rate of seedless watermelon seedlings | |
| CN114303854B (en) | Breeding method of alfalfa seeds in high-precipitation areas | |
| CN110100671B (en) | Rice regeneration propagation method | |
| CN114830974A (en) | Strawberry powdery mildew green prevention and control method | |
| CN111165277B (en) | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa | |
| CN113748943A (en) | Planting method of disease-preventing lodging-resistant rice | |
| CN111955296A (en) | Rice dry direct seeding cultivation method | |
| CN111345215A (en) | Temporary planting-free cultivation and field planting method for sugarcane seedlings | |
| CN110604028A (en) | High-yield planting method for fresh peas in northwest region | |
| CN110612865A (en) | Intercropping, interplanting and crop rotation planting method for watermelons, cassava and sweet potatoes | |
| CN118077522B (en) | Cultivation method of saline-alkali resistant watermelons | |
| CN115589914B (en) | Mountain summer sowing potato cultivation method | |
| CN103004438A (en) | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |