CN111011381A - Seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa - Google Patents
Seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa Download PDFInfo
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed treatment agents, and particularly relates to a seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa. The invention discloses a seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, which can be used for soaking seeds and can also be directly mixed with seeds and applied to soil; the proportion of the raw materials is determined according to the using mode of the seed treatment agent. The seed treating agent has obvious effects of improving the vitality of the quinoa seeds and the quality of seedlings, remarkably reducing the plant height of the quinoa, remarkably improving the anti-bending capacity of the quinoa stem and vine, increasing the load by about 7-20 percent and preventing lodging; obviously preventing lateral branch from growing, increasing the main spike fruiting amount and improving the yield. The quinoa seed treatment method disclosed by the invention not only increases the yield and the income and improves the quality, but also can effectively save labor force and reduce the usage amount of pesticides.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seed treatment agents, and particularly relates to a seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa.
Background
Chenopodium quinoa (Lei Tribuli) (academic name: Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a plant of Chenopodiaceae, Chenopodium, native to high-altitude mountain areas such as Columbia, Ecuador, Peru, etc., in the Andes mountain of south America. Quinoa is a traditional staple food of Indians, and is domesticated with rice for more than 6000 years. Chenopodium quinoa willd has quite comprehensive nutritional ingredients, and the taste and flavor of the Chenopodium quinoa willd are easily accepted by people. The quinoa, a nutrient food, nourishes Indian people in south America, creates great printed civilization, and the Indian people respect the quinoa as the mother of the food. Chenopodium quinoa is introduced into NASA as daily food for astronauts by Americans as early as 80 years, FAO recognizes that chenopodium quinoa is the only food which can meet all nutrients required by human beings by single crops, and promotes and propagates the Lia rice. 2013 is the international Chenopodium quinoa year fixed in United nations. So people are called to pay attention to food safety and nutrition balance.
The elevation of the areas for growing chenopodium quinoa in China is mostly 700-3000m, and the areas are mainly concentrated in the places with the elevation below 2000m and the annual rainfall above 600mm, because the places have low elevation, high temperature and large rainfall, the size of chenopodium quinoa plants is greatly influenced by environmental and genetic factors, the height of the chenopodium quinoa plants can be more than 1.8m, even up to 3m, and the height of the chenopodium quinoa plants in a primary production area is only about 1.3 m. Chenopodium quinoa belongs to shallow root crops, and stems are fragile and easy to fall down and break. Therefore, the quinoa is easy to fall down when being planted in low-altitude areas, and the popularization of the quinoa is affected.
Traditional cultivation techniques, plant spacing/row spacing: 30-60cm/60cm, and according to the calculation, 1850-. Therefore, the yield of quinoa is mainly influenced by the size of the main branch spike.
The seed treating agent is a kind of pesticide for treating seed surface, and its effective components are mainly pesticide, bactericide or plant growth regulator, and has the functions of preventing and controlling diseases, pests and rats in seedling stage of crop, raising seedling survival rate, etc. Compared with the conventionally used stem and leaf treatment pesticide, the seed treatment agent has obvious advantages in the aspects of reducing the application amount and the application times of the pesticide, reducing the environmental pollution, reducing the field operation procedures, saving labor and cost, improving the effect and the like.
The seed treatment agent can be divided into two categories according to the using method, one category is used for carrying out seed treatment and wrapping before seed sowing; one is for seed coating treatment and then for commercial resale.
The application number is 201711285534.3, the Chinese patent invention is named as a seed treatment method for relieving quinoa continuous cropping obstacle, and discloses a seed treatment method for relieving quinoa continuous cropping obstacle. Screening seed disinfection, parcel microbial spore powder, parcel inflation layer, the parcel absorb water the layer shaping can, add the microbial spore powder of alleviating the planting of chenopodium quinoa stubble, breed under the appropriate circumstances of environmental condition, improve the soil microenvironment, the reconsitution is fit for the microenvironment that chenopodium quinoa grows, can effectively solve the problem that chenopodium quinoa stubble was planted again, alleviates the nervous current situation of land resource. The patent researches a quinoa planting method.
Application number is 201810191197.X, is named as a planting method for improving the yield of chenopodium quinoa, and discloses a planting method for improving the yield of chenopodium quinoa, which comprises the following steps: step one, site selection: selecting an environment with the altitude of 2000-2400m, the gradient of 10-25 ℃, warm, slightly humid and cool, balanced small-environment temperature, large humidity and abundant rainfall; step two, fertilizing base fertilizer on the soil; step three, seed pretreatment: selecting seeds with smooth and bright appearance and no small grains and broken grains, placing the seeds and river sand in a bamboo container in a layered manner, keeping the water content of the river sand between 20 and 30 percent in a clean and ventilated environment for 10 to 12 days, soaking the seeds for 3 to 4 hours in warm water at the temperature of between 20 and 30 ℃, and then mixing the seeds with a seed mixing device, wherein the mass ratio of the seeds to the seed mixing device is 1000:6 to 8; step four, sowing; fifthly, field management; step six, irrigating, killing insects and fertilizing; step seven, harvesting: harvesting is carried out after seeding for 180-year 200 days. The treatment method of the quinoa seeds in the patent is also only simple to select and add river sand with the water content of 20-30 percent, so as to ensure that the seeds germinate better.
Therefore, the prior art does not provide a method and a product for treating seeds and solving the problems of serious lodging in the later growth stage of the quinoa and low quality and yield of the quinoa.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the plant height of quinoa is high, the later-stage branches are multiple, the lodging phenomenon is caused, the yield and the quality are seriously influenced, and the like, and provides a seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and the yield of quinoa, which can regulate the growth and development of quinoa, prevent lodging, optimize individual and group structures and improve the yield of quinoa.
The invention provides a treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa seeds, which is diluted into 1000-2000 times of solution for soaking quinoa seeds; and/or uniformly mixing the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treatment agent and quinoa seeds according to the proportion of 0.5-2 kg/kg, and applying the mixture to soil for dressing the quinoa seeds.
Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa is composed of the following components in percentage by weight:
furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa is composed of the following components in percentage by weight:
further, a seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, wherein the seed treatment agent is a three-layer granule: one layer is a mixture of growth retarding active substances, a binder and a filler as a medicine core; the second layer is a coating agent layer; the three layers are capsule layers prepared by gamma-aminobutyric acid, abscisic acid, auxin active substances, silicon nutrients, a surfactant, a granulation binder and a filler mixture; the granulation binder CF2 is fully water-soluble, can be completely degraded in soil within 3 months, and does not pollute the environment.
The gamma-aminobutyric acid is prepared by a chemical synthesis or microbial fermentation method, wherein the microbial fermentation method of the gamma-aminobutyric acid is prepared by fermenting glutamic acid or derivatives (sodium glutamate, glutamic acid-rich substances and the like) of the glutamic acid serving as raw materials by using food safety level microorganisms such as saccharomycetes, lactic acid bacteria, aspergillus and the like. The chemical synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid has more raw materials and methods, wherein one method can be prepared by ring opening of pyrrolidone and solid alkali, and specifically comprises the following steps: adding a certain amount of water into a glass reaction kettle of l000mL with a stirring, heating and device, adding a pyrrolidone solution, adding a certain amount of solid alkali under stirring, heating until the temperature in the kettle is l10 ℃, and continuously reacting l0h to finish the reaction. And (3) cooling, filtering the reaction solution at 27 ℃ to obtain a gamma-aminobutyric acid solution, then concentrating the volume of the gamma-aminobutyric acid solution to a half at 105 ℃, then cooling and crystallizing the gamma-aminobutyric acid solution at 5 ℃, and drying to obtain the finished product of the gamma-aminobutyric acid. The method has the advantages of high yield, simple and feasible production process, low cost and no harm to the environment.
Auxin was the first plant hormone to be discovered. The most important chemical in auxin is 3-indoleacetic acid. The auxin has the functions of regulating the growth rate of the stem, inhibiting lateral buds, promoting rooting and the like, is used for promoting the rooting of cuttings in agriculture, and has an obvious effect. The quinoa seed treatment agent is used for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, can inhibit the growth of lateral buds of quinoa, optimizes the individual and population structure and improves the yield of quinoa. Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving the resistance and yield of the quinoa comprises auxin active substances, wherein the auxin active substances are at least one of indoleacetic acid and sodium salt and potassium salt thereof, indolebutyric acid and sodium salt and potassium salt thereof, naphthylacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, and ethyl naphthylacetate.
The growth-retarding active substance has the main functions of controlling the excessive growth of plants, promoting reproductive growth, shortening internodes, developing root systems, resisting lodging, deepening leaf color and thickening. The existing research shows that the growth-delaying active substance can be used for dwarfing, tillering, increasing the ear and increasing the yield of male and female parent seedlings and two-section seedling-raising seedling-transplanting fields in hybrid rice seed-producing fields, the seedling height is reduced by 10%, and the yield is increased by 8%. The quinoa plant height can be dwarfed and the quinoa yield can be increased by using the quinoa seed treatment agent for increasing the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa. Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving the resistance and yield of the quinoa is characterized in that the growth-retarding active substances are at least one of uniconazole, paclobutrazol, chlormequat chloride, mepiquat chloride, prohexadione calcium and trinexapac-ethyl.
The silicon nutrient is beneficial to forming a silicon double layer by silicon deposited in cell epidermis cell walls, the mechanical strength of stems is increased, plants are straightened, the quinoa lodging phenomenon can be effectively prevented, the effect is particularly obvious under the condition of severe weather, and a foundation is laid for the formation of yield. Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa comprises at least one of nano active silicon, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and bioactive organic silicon.
Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa is characterized in that the surfactant is at least one of tween 80, tween 60 and tween 20.
Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa is characterized in that the coating agent is at least one of macromolecular compounds such as cellulose, lignin, starch and chitosan.
Furthermore, the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa is characterized in that the filler is at least one of white carbon black, bentonite, diatomite, humus and turfy soil, and the material is wide in source, easy to degrade and environment-friendly.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, which comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, mixing a growth-retarding active substance, a binder and a filler, and putting the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain a medicine core;
b. spraying a coating agent on the surface layer of the drug core;
c. and finally, uniformly coating a layer of mixture prepared from gamma-aminobutyric acid, abscisic acid, auxin active substances, silicon nutrients, a surfactant, a granulation binder and a filler on the surface of the drug core coated with the coating agent, and drying to obtain the compound.
The invention also provides a use method of the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treatment agent, which is used for soaking seeds of quinoa and is diluted into 1000-2000 times of liquid; and/or uniformly mixing the quinoa lodging-resistance and yield-improvement seed treatment agent for quinoa seed dressing and quinoa seeds with the quinoa seeds according to the proportion of 0.5-2 kg/kg, and applying the treatment agent to soil.
The time and concentration of the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treatment agent for soaking and dressing seeds need to be adjusted appropriately according to specific factors such as environmental temperature, moisture and the like in actual use, and the unique effect of the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treatment agent is more favorably exerted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa provided by the invention is used for soaking seeds or dressing seeds before sowing, and promoting the quinoa seedlings to grow early after sowing to form strong seedlings;
2. the seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa provided by the invention effectively controls the plant height of the quinoa, increases the mechanical strength of the thick stem and the stalk, enables the plant to be stiff, can effectively prevent the lodging phenomenon of the quinoa, and has particularly obvious effect under the severe weather condition;
3. the seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa provided by the invention effectively controls the lateral branches of the quinoa to form, reduces the occupied area of a single plant, increases the planting density and increases the crown width of the main spike, thereby realizing that the yield of the quinoa is improved and the quality of the quinoa is ensured;
4. the formula disclosed by the invention is determined according to the most suitable application concentration range of the medicament, has no phytotoxicity, is scientific in compatibility, and reduces the dosage and enhances the effect.
5. The treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the chenopodium quinoa seeds has the characteristics of low cost, convenient use, less field residue and the like, is easy to popularize and apply, and has a positive promotion effect on the chenopodium quinoa production in China.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following examples. Various substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art and by conventional means without departing from the spirit of the method of the invention described above.
Example 1
Seed soaking agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa seeds, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 2% of abscisic acid, 0.5% of sodium indole acetate, 0.5% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 1% of uniconazole, 1% of trinexapac-ethyl, 0.001% of bioactive organic silicon, 200.1% of tween and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing uniconazole with the required dosage corresponding to the content, adding the uniconazole into water, dissolving, stirring and grinding for 2 hours, adding gamma-aminobutyric acid, sodium indoleacetate, sodium naphthaleneacetate, trinexapac-ethyl and bioactive organic silicon solution which are respectively dissolved by water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve the abscisic acid solution, finally adding tween-20, stirring and fully mixing, and then fixing the volume to obtain the seed treating agent for improving the lodging resistance and the yield of the quinoa.
Example 2
Seed treating agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 1% of abscisic acid, 0.5% of sodium indolebutyrate, 2% of paclobutrazol, 0.5% of prohexadione calcium, 0.01% of sodium silicate, 600.5% of tween and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing uniconazole and prohexadione calcium with the required dosage according to the corresponding content, adding the uniconazole and the prohexadione calcium with the required dosage into water, dissolving, stirring and grinding for 2 hours, adding gamma-aminobutyric acid, sodium indolebutyrate and sodium silicate solution which are respectively dissolved by water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve an abscisic acid solution, finally adding tween 60, stirring and fully mixing, and then fixing the volume to obtain the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treating agent.
Example 3
Seed treating agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 0.5% of abscisic acid, 0.1% of sodium indole acetate, 0.1% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 0.5% of chlormequat chloride, 1% of prohexadione calcium, 0.05% of nano active silicon, 200.1% of tween and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing prohexadione calcium and nano active silicon with corresponding content and required dosage, adding the prohexadione calcium and the nano active silicon into water, dissolving, stirring and grinding for 2 hours, adding gamma-aminobutyric acid, sodium indole acetate, sodium naphthalene acetate and chlormequat which are respectively dissolved by water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve a abscisic acid solution, finally adding tween 20, stirring fully, mixing and fixing the volume to obtain the seed treatment agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa.
Example 4
The seed treating agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa comprises the following components in percentage by weight: firstly, 0.00005% of uniconazole, 0.00001% of prohexadione calcium, 0.2% of binder and the balance of white carbon black are mixed, the mixture is put into a granulator for granulation to obtain a drug core, 1% of lignin coating agent is sprayed on the surface layer of the drug core, then a layer of gamma-aminobutyric acid 0.001%, abscisic acid 0.0002%, indoleacetic acid 0.0005%, sodium silicate 0.0005%, tween 800.5%, binder CF 20.1% and the balance of white carbon black are uniformly coated on the surface of the drug core with the lignin coating agent, and the mixture is dried to obtain the seed dressing agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa.
Example 5
The seed treating agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa comprises the following components in percentage by weight: firstly, 0.0001% of chlormequat chloride, 0.00005% of uniconazole, 0.1% of binder and the balance of diatomite are mixed and put into a granulator for granulation to obtain the drug core. And then spraying 1% of chitosan on the surface layer of the drug core, then uniformly coating a layer of gamma-aminobutyric acid 0.005%, abscisic acid 0.0005%, indolebutyric acid 0.001%, naphthylacetic acid 0.001%, nano active silicon 0.0005%, tween 200.5%, a binder CF 20.1% and the balance of diatomite on the surface of the drug core with the chitosan, and drying to obtain the seed dressing agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa seeds.
Comparative example 1
Seed soaking agent (without gamma-aminobutyric acid) for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa seeds, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of abscisic acid, 0.5% of sodium indole acetate, 0.5% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 1% of uniconazole, 1% of trinexapac-ethyl, 0.001% of bioactive organosilicon, 200.1% of tween and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing uniconazole with the required dosage corresponding to the content, adding the uniconazole into water, dissolving, stirring and grinding for 2 hours, adding sodium indoleacetate, sodium naphthaleneacetate, trinexapac-ethyl and bioactive organic silicon solution which are respectively dissolved by water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve abscisic acid solution, finally adding tween-20, stirring and fully mixing, and then fixing the volume to obtain the seed treating agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa.
Comparative example 2
Seed treatment agent (containing no auxin active substance sodium indolebutyrate) for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.5% of gamma-aminobutyric acid, 1% of abscisic acid, 0.5% of sodium indolebutyrate, 2% of paclobutrazol, 0.5% of prohexadione calcium, 0.01% of sodium silicate, 600.5% of tween and the balance of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing uniconazole and prohexadione calcium with the required dosage according to the corresponding content, adding the uniconazole and the prohexadione calcium with the required dosage into water, dissolving, stirring and grinding for 2 hours, adding gamma-aminobutyric acid and sodium silicate solution which are respectively dissolved by water, adding absolute ethyl alcohol to dissolve the abscisic acid solution, finally adding tween 60, stirring and fully mixing, and then fixing the volume to obtain the seed treating agent for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa.
Comparative example 3
Seed treatment agent (containing no silicon nutrient sodium silicate) for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, and the preparation method comprises the following steps of: firstly, 0.00005% of uniconazole, 0.00001% of prohexadione calcium, 0.2% of binder and the balance of white carbon black are mixed, the mixture is put into a granulator for granulation to obtain a drug core, 1% of lignin coating agent is sprayed on the surface layer of the drug core, then a layer of gamma-aminobutyric acid 0.001%, abscisic acid 0.0002%, tween 800.5%, 20.1% of binder and the balance of white carbon black are uniformly coated on the surface of the drug core with the lignin coating agent, and the mixture for improving the lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa seed dressing agent is obtained after drying.
Comparative example 4
Seed treatment agent (without growth-retarding active substances of uniconazole and prohexadione calcium) for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa, the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing 0.2% of binder and the balance of white carbon black, putting into a granulator for granulation to obtain a drug core, spraying 1% of lignin coating agent on the surface layer of the drug core, then uniformly coating a layer of gamma-aminobutyric acid 0.001%, abscisic acid 0.0002%, indoleacetic acid 0.0005%, sodium silicate 0.0005%, tween 800.5%, binder CF 20.1% and the balance of white carbon black on the surface of the drug core with the lignin coating agent, and drying to obtain the mixture for improving the lodging resistance and yield of quinoa seeds.
And (3) performance testing:
firstly, diluting seed treatment agents for improving lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 into 2000 times of liquid respectively for soaking seeds for 8 hours before seeding the quinoa, then respectively seeding the quinoa into cuboid pots with the length of 49cm, the width of 20cm and the height of 14cm after air drying, seeding 20 seeds in each pot, and planting 8 plants after seedling emergence. 6 pots were treated each, with clear water as control. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 influence of seed treatment agent for improving quinoa resistance and yield on quinoa morphological index and yield
| Treatment of | Rate of emergence (%) | Plant height (cm) | Stem diameter (cm) | Number of lateral branches (strips/plants) | Lodging percentage (%) | Yield (g/strain) |
| Example 1 | 91 | 110 | 2.10 | 3 | 14 | 58.15 |
| Example 2 | 95 | 100 | 2.01 | 1 | 12 | 54.68 |
| Example 3 | 90 | 95 | 1.98 | 3 | 10 | 53.20 |
| Clean water | 80 | 160 | 1.55 | 10 | 33 | 45.05 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85 | 115 | 1.85 | 5 | 15 | 50.25 |
| Comparative example 2 | 87 | 112 | 1.80 | 12 | 13 | 49.43 |
From table 1, it can be derived: compared with clear water control treatment, the seed treatment agent provided by the invention can be used for remarkably improving the rate of emergence of quinoa; the plant height is shortened, the effects of increasing stem thickness and reducing lateral branch and branch are obvious, the lodging rate is reduced, and the yield is increased by more than 10%. The seed treatment agent of the invention is lack of gamma-aminobutyric acid (comparative example 1), the emergence rate of seeds is reduced by 5%, and the yield is reduced by 2%; the seed treatment agent of the invention is lack of auxin active substances (comparative example 2), the number of branches of lateral branches of plants is increased, the occupied area of a single plant of the plant is increased, the planting density is reduced, and the small and solid amount of branch ears is small, thereby reducing the yield.
And secondly, uniformly applying the treating agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of the quinoa seeds prepared in the examples 4 and 5 and the comparative examples 3 and 4 to the quinoa seeds in an amount of 1kg/kg of the seed ratio in a cuboid pot with the length of 49cm, the width of 20cm and the height of 14cm, and planting 8 plants after seedling emergence. 6 pots were treated each, with no seed dressing as a control blank. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 influence of seed treatment agent on quinoa morphological index and yield for improving quinoa resistance and yield
| Treatment of | Rate of emergence (%) | Plant height (cm) | Stem diameter (cm) | Number of lateral branches (strips/plants) | Lodging percentage (%) | Yield (g/strain) |
| Example 4 | 92 | 98 | 1.85 | 4 | 9 | 54.05 |
| Example 5 | 93 | 100 | 1.95 | 2 | 8 | 50.12 |
| Blank control | 78 | 160 | 1.45 | 11 | 33 | 45.10 |
| Comparative example 3 | 85 | 110 | 1.65 | 4 | 20 | 47.52 |
| Comparative example 4 | 88 | 170 | 1.76 | 3 | 35 | 46.65 |
From table 2, it can be derived: compared with blank control treatment, the seed treatment agent provided by the invention can be used for remarkably improving the rate of emergence of quinoa; the plant height is shortened, the effects of increasing stem thickness and reducing lateral branch and branch are obvious, the lodging rate is reduced, and the yield is increased by more than 10%. Chenopodium quinoa belongs to shallow root crops, and stems are fragile and easy to fall down and break. The seed treatment agent of the invention is lack of silicon nutrient (comparative example 3), the mechanical strength of the quinoa plant stem is reduced, the lodging resistance is weakened, and the yield is influenced. The seed treatment agent of the invention is lack of growth-retarding active substances (comparative example 4), the height of the quinoa plant is increased by 6.25% compared with that of a blank control, and the plant is easy to fall down along with the fructification of the fruit cluster and the increase of the weight, thereby causing the yield reduction.
Claims (10)
1. A seed treating agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa is characterized in that the seed treating agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa is diluted into 1000-2000 times of liquid for quinoa seed soaking; and/or uniformly mixing the quinoa lodging-resistant and yield-increasing seed treatment agent and quinoa seeds according to the proportion of 0.5-2 kg/kg, and applying the mixture to soil for dressing the quinoa seeds.
2. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 1, wherein the seed treatment agent for quinoa seed soaking consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
3. the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 1, wherein the seed treatment agent for dressing seeds of quinoa is composed of the following components in percentage by weight:
the seed treatment agent is a three-layer granule: one layer is a mixture of growth retarding active substances, a binder and a filler as a medicine core; the second layer is a coating agent layer; the three layers are capsule layers prepared by gamma-aminobutyric acid, abscisic acid, auxin active substances, silicon nutrients, a surfactant, a granulation binder and a filler mixture; the granulation binder was CF 2.
4. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging-resistant and yield of quinoa according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the auxin active substances are at least one of indoleacetic acid and sodium salt and potassium salt thereof, indolebutyric acid and sodium salt and potassium salt thereof, naphthylacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, and ethyl naphthylacetate; the growth-delaying active substance is at least one of uniconazole, paclobutrazol, chlormequat chloride, mepiquat chloride, prohexadione calcium and trinexapac-ethyl.
5. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the silicon nutrient is at least one of nano-active silicon, sodium silicate, potassium silicate and bioactive silicone.
6. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging-resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the surfactant is at least one of Tween 80, Tween 60 and Tween 20.
7. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 3, wherein the coating agent is at least one of natural polymer compounds cellulose, lignin, starch and chitosan.
8. The seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 3, wherein the filler is at least one of white carbon black, bentonite, diatomite, humus and turfy soil.
9. The method for preparing the seed treatment agent for improving lodging resistance and yield of quinoa according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, mixing a growth-retarding active substance, a binder and a filler, and putting the mixture into a granulator for granulation to obtain a medicine core;
b. spraying a coating agent on the surface layer of the drug core;
c. and finally, uniformly coating a layer of mixture prepared from gamma-aminobutyric acid, abscisic acid, auxin active substances, silicon nutrients, a surfactant, a granulation binder and a filler on the surface of the drug core coated with the coating agent, and drying to obtain the compound.
10. The use method of the quinoa lodging and yield improvement seed treatment agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the quinoa lodging and yield improvement seed treatment agent for quinoa seed soaking is diluted to 1000-2000 times of liquid; and/or uniformly mixing the quinoa lodging-resistance and yield-improvement seed treatment agent for quinoa seed dressing and quinoa seeds with the quinoa seeds according to the proportion of 0.5-2 kg/kg, and applying the treatment agent to soil.
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| CN114467648A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-13 | 四川农业大学 | Cultivation method for improving lodging resistance and seed yield of bromus fasciatus |
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