CN103004438A - Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse - Google Patents
Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an out-of-season breeding method in a gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse. The sowing time is from last ten days of August to first ten days of September; sowing is carried out when the highest outdoor temperature is lower than 29 DEG C, and the sowing time is postponed for 4-5 months compared with a normal sowing period; from the end of April to the end of May in the second year, when a seedball grows for 8-9 months, the average circumference of the seedball is above 12cm; through a manner of controlling water, a plant is forced to hibernate; when the part of the plant on the ground withers, the seedball is dug; the gladiolus seedball is soaked by 800 times of 40% of methanal or by 0.3% of potassium permanganate, and is dried in the air and placed in a refrigeration house with 2-4 DEG C to be stored for 3 months; and seedballs processed at low temperature and used for production are taken out from the refrigeration house to be planted in batch according to time to market. The out-of-season breeding method in the gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse has the advantages of postponing sowing and harvesting periods, reducing the storage time of the seedballs, saving the storage cost, reducing nutrition consumption of the seedballs, and improving the seedball quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sword lily bulb propagation technology, particularly anti-season mating system in a kind of sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat.
Background technology
Conventional sword lily bulb propagation method: sow in annual 3-4 month, plant in open country, adopt conventional daily management, gather in the crops kind of a ball in then 10-11 month.Its shortcoming is: 1, storage time is long.The 3-4 month is sowed, and gathers in the crops kind of a ball 10-11 month then.Produce if be used for the year clouds peanut of Second Year, plant ball and must preserve the Second Year 8-9 month, nearly 1 year of storage period, increase the cost of storage.2, the kind ball is of poor quality.Storage time is long, and the consumption of kind ball nutrient is large, plants the ball rotting rate and reaches more than 20%.3, the fresh flower of output is of poor quality.The Second Year off-season cultivation, the cut-flower flowering rate is low, and only about 40%, flower quality is to national grade ii standard nearly.If adopted the plantation of import kind ball, although flowering rate and quality are high, kind ball price is high, and production cost is high, and profit reduces, even loss.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, has proposed a kind of minimizing bulb store time, improves anti-season mating system in kind of the sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat of ball quality.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, and anti-season mating system in a kind of sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat is characterized in:
(1) sowing time
In mid or late August-early September, sowing when the outdoor maximum air temperature is lower than 29 ℃;
(2) the seed ball is processed
With the seed ball of dry storage, with the softening outside sclerderm of 29-32 ℃ emerge in worm water, soak time 20-30 minute, reject simultaneously floating seed ball; Then again with 52-55 ℃ of hot water and add carbendazim, be mixed with 500 times of liquid and soaked 30-35 minute, dry, for subsequent use;
(3) soil treatment
Selection has that plow layer thickness 40cm is above, the content of organic matter more than 20%, the greenhouse by solar heat of well-drained sandy loam, front 20-25 days of sowing, process with dazomet, concrete grammar is: in the situation that soil relative water content is at 20-30%, every square is spread 5-8g, plough deeply 20-25cm, with the tight covering of film, after 10 days, open film, plough deeply 1-2 time, keep soil ventilation;
(4) wholely, fertilising
Execute Chicken dung 2-3 ton for every mu, plough deeply 25-30cm, the whole furrow in north-south, the wide 90cm of furrow, ditch depth 20cm;
(5) sowing
Adopt the drilling form, trench digging, ditch depth 6-7cm, every furrow 4 row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 5cm, the mu sowing quantity is 20-25kg;
(6) winter protection, insulation, ventilation
Extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 10 ℃, upper greenhouse, extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 7 ℃, cover with insulation material on the canopy film; When noon on daytime, temperature was higher than 25 ℃, must ventilate, reduce temperature;
(7) daily management
Moisture management: the seed ball after planting, flood irrigation 1 time is permeable, the sunshade net of covered with sunshade rate 50-70% kept ground moistening before seedling does not all sprout, water capacity is controlled at 50-60%; After seedling all sprouts, open sunshade net, and suitably control soil moisture, be beneficial to root system and grow to the depth of soils, water capacity is controlled at about 40-50%;
Topdress: after emerging 30-35 days, topdress, spread fertilizer over the fields with composite fertilizer, mu is executed 20-25Kg; After 15 days, the in turn foliar application in per 10 days of the urea with 0.2% and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed 3-4 time; Gather in the crops and stopped fertilising in front 30 days;
Temperature and humidity management: day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, 10～15 ℃ of nights.Relative air humidity is no more than 80%;
(8) illumination
Preferably guarantee the every day of light application time more than 8 hours;
(9) plant the ball results
Second Year through the seed ball of growth in 8-9 month, is planted the average Zhou Jing of ball by the end of April to by the end of May more than 12cm, and acrial part senesces gradually, by the mode of control water, forces the plant dormancy, when acrial part is substantially withered, excavates kind of a ball.
(10) cold storage of seedball is processed
Sword lily kind ball is soaked kind of ball 30 minutes with 800 times of liquid of 40% formaldehyde or soaked 20～30 minutes with 0.3% potassium permanganate, dry, put into 2～Cool Room 4℃ and preserved at least 3 months, ventilate each 30 minutes every day 1～2 time.
(11) weeding and pest control method
To crop smothering, after planting, with the even spraying soil of 48% trifluralin ec, 500 liquid table;
To fungal disease, such as leaf spot, rust, dry rot, stem rot, root rot, gray mold, brown spot etc., spraying 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or tpn is prevented, in case discovery infection center, before it spreads, spray 1500 times of liquid of 50% Sukeling wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of 65% Jiameiling wetting powder, weekly, be used alternatingly;
With 1000 times of 40% flolimats, 1000 times of sprayings of Avermectin, 1000 times of 50% phoxims are filled with root to insect pest.
The present invention compared with prior art adopts in the greenhouse by solar heat anti-season to breed, and 1, reduce the cut-flower sword lily bulb store time.Adopt sunlight greenhouse breeding, postponed the sowing time, plant the 4-5 month that ball is postponed till Second Year harvest time.Reduce the bulb store time, saved the cost of storage.Reduce kind ball nutrient consumption, improved kind ball quality.2, improved kind ball quality.Breed owing to adopting in the anti-season greenhouse by solar heat, day and night the greenhouse is poor large, is conducive to cut-flower sword lily kind ball nutrient accumulation, has further improved kind ball quality.3, lowered production cost.
Embodiment
Anti-season mating system in a kind of sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat,
(1) sowing time: when the outdoor maximum air temperature is lower than 29 ℃, be generally the sowing of 8 the middle ten days and the last ten days-9 months in the first tenday period of a month.Than postponing normal sowing time 4-5 month.
(2) the seed ball is processed: with the seed ball of dry storage, with the softening outside sclerderm of about 29-32 ℃ emerge in worm water, soak time 20-30 minute, reject simultaneously floating seed ball.Then again with 52-55 ℃ of hot water and add carbendazim, be mixed with 500 times of liquid and soaked 30-35 minute, dry, for subsequent use.
(3) soil treatment: select to have that plow layer thickness 40cm is above, the content of organic matter more than 20%, the greenhouse by solar heat of well-drained sandy loam.Broadcast front 20-25 days, with dazomet (Basamid), chemical name: tetrahydrochysene-3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazoles-2-thioketones) process, concrete grammar is: in the situation that soil relative water content is at 20-30%, every square is spread 5-8g, ploughs deeply 20-25cm, with the tight covering of film, after 10 days, open film, plough deeply 1-2 time, keep soil ventilation.Described degree is mass percent.
(4) wholely, fertilising: execute Chicken dung 2-3 ton for every mu, plough deeply 25-30cm, the whole furrow in north-south, the wide 90cm of furrow, ditch depth 20cm.
(5) sowing.Adopt the drilling form, trench digging, ditch depth 6-7cm, every furrow 4 row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 5cm, the mu sowing quantity is 20-25kg.
(6) winter protection, insulation, ventilation: extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 10 ℃, upper greenhouse, extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 7 ℃, cover with insulation material on the canopy film.When noon on daytime, temperature was higher than 25 ℃, must ventilate, reduce temperature.
(7) daily management:
Moisture management: the seed ball after planting, flood irrigation 1 time is permeable, the sunshade net of covered with sunshade rate 50-70% kept ground moistening before seedling does not all sprout, water capacity is controlled at 50-60%.After all sprouting, open sunshade net, and suitably control moisture, be beneficial to root system and grow to the depth of soils, water capacity is controlled at about 40-50%.
Topdress: after emerging 30-35 days, topdress, spread fertilizer over the fields with composite fertilizer, mu is executed 20-25Kg.After 15 days, the in turn foliar application in per 10 days of the urea liquid with 0.2% and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed 3-4 time.Gather in the crops and stopped fertilising in front 30 days.Described degree is mass percent.
Temperature and humidity management: day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, 10～15 ℃ of nights.Relative air humidity is no more than 80%.
(8) illumination: preferably guarantee the every day of light application time more than 8 hours.
(9) weeding and the extermination of disease and insect pest:
To crop smothering, after planting, with the even spraying soil of 48% trifluralin ec, 500 liquid table;
To fungal disease, such as leaf spot, rust, dry rot, stem rot, root rot, gray mold, brown spot etc., spray 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or tpn and prevented.In case the discovery infection center before it spreads, is sprayed 1500 times of liquid of 50% Sukeling wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of 65% Jiameiling wetting powder, weekly, be used alternatingly;
Can be with 1000 times of 40% flolimats, 1000 times of sprayings of Avermectin to insect pest, 1000 times of 50% phoxims are filled with root.Wherein said degree is mass percent.
(10) plant the ball results:
Second Year through the seed ball of growth in 8-9 month, is planted the average Zhou Jing of ball by the end of April to by the end of May more than 12cm, and acrial part senesces gradually, by the mode of control water, forces the plant dormancy.When acrial part is substantially withered, excavate kind of a ball.
(11) cold storage of seedball is processed
Sword lily kind ball is soaked kind of ball 30 minutes with 800 times of liquid of 40% formaldehyde or soaked 20～30 minutes with 0.3% potassium permanganate, dry, put into 2～Cool Room 4℃ and preserved at least 3 months, ventilate each 30 minutes every day 1～2 time.Described degree is mass percent.
(12) through the production ball of low temperature treatment, according to Time To Market, in freezer, take out kind of a ball plantation in batches.
Claims (4)
1. anti-season mating system in the sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat is characterized in that:
(1) sowing time
In mid or late August-early September, sowing when the outdoor maximum air temperature is lower than 29 ℃;
(2) the seed ball is processed
With the seed ball of dry storage, with the softening outside sclerderm of 29-32 ℃ emerge in worm water, soak time 20-30 minute, reject simultaneously floating seed ball; Then again with 52-55 ℃ of hot water and add carbendazim, be mixed with 500 times of liquid and soaked 30-35 minute, dry, for subsequent use;
(3) soil treatment
Selection has that plow layer thickness 40cm is above, the content of organic matter more than 20%, the greenhouse by solar heat of well-drained sandy loam, front 20-25 days of sowing, process with dazomet, concrete grammar is: in the situation that soil relative water content is at 20-30%, every square is spread 5-8g, plough deeply 20-25cm, with the tight covering of film, after 10 days, open film, plough deeply 1-2 time, keep soil ventilation;
(4) wholely, fertilising
Execute Chicken dung 2-3 ton for every mu, plough deeply 25-30cm, the whole furrow in north-south, the wide 90cm of furrow, ditch depth 20cm;
(5) sowing
Adopt the drilling form, trench digging, ditch depth 6-7cm, every furrow 4 row, line-spacing 20cm, spacing in the rows 5cm, the mu sowing quantity is 20-25kg;
(6) winter protection, insulation, ventilation
Extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 10 ℃, upper greenhouse, extraneous when night, temperature was lower than 7 ℃, cover with insulation material on the canopy film; When noon on daytime, temperature was higher than 25 ℃, must ventilate, reduce temperature;
(7) daily management
Moisture management: the seed ball after planting, flood irrigation 1 time is permeable, the sunshade net of covered with sunshade rate 50-70% kept ground moistening before seedling does not all sprout, water capacity is controlled at 50-60%; After seedling all sprouts, open sunshade net, and suitably control soil moisture, be beneficial to root system and grow to the depth of soils, water capacity is controlled at about 40-50%;
Topdress: after emerging 30-35 days, topdress, spread fertilizer over the fields with composite fertilizer, mu is executed 20-25Kg; After 15 days, the in turn foliar application in per 10 days of the urea with 0.2% and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed 3-4 time; Gather in the crops and stopped fertilising in front 30 days;
Temperature and humidity management: day temperature is controlled at 20～25 ℃, 10～15 ℃ of nights.
2. relative air humidity is no more than 80%;
(8) illumination
Preferably guarantee the every day of light application time more than 8 hours;
(9) plant the ball results
Second Year through the seed ball of growth in 8-9 month, is planted the average Zhou Jing of ball by the end of April to by the end of May more than 12cm, and acrial part senesces gradually, by the mode of control water, forces the plant dormancy, when acrial part is substantially withered, excavates kind of a ball.
3.(10) the cold storage of seedball processing
Sword lily kind ball is soaked kind of ball 30 minutes with 800 times of liquid of 40% formaldehyde or soaked 20～30 minutes with 0.3% potassium permanganate, dry, put into 2～Cool Room 4℃ and preserved at least 3 months, ventilate each 30 minutes every day 1～2 time.
4. anti-season mating system in the sword lily kind ball greenhouse by solar heat according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
To crop smothering, after planting, with the even spraying soil of 48% trifluralin ec, 500 liquid table;
To fungal disease, such as leaf spot, rust, dry rot, stem rot, root rot, gray mold, brown spot etc., spraying 500 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or tpn is prevented, in case discovery infection center, before it spreads, spray 1500 times of liquid of 50% Sukeling wetting powder or 1000 times of liquid of 65% Jiameiling wetting powder, weekly, be used alternatingly;
With 1000 times of 40% flolimats, 1000 times of sprayings of Avermectin, 1000 times of 50% phoxims are filled with root to insect pest.
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| CN201210569579.4A CN103004438B (en) | 2012-12-25 | 2012-12-25 | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
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| CN201210569579.4A CN103004438B (en) | 2012-12-25 | 2012-12-25 | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109287300A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of gladiolus cut breeding |
| CN112243803A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 湖南湘枳生物科技有限责任公司 | Greenhouse seedling raising method for acorus gramineus seeds |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101766088A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-07-07 | 元江县臧健花卉科技开发有限公司 | Out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs |
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- 2012-12-25 CN CN201210569579.4A patent/CN103004438B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101766088A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-07-07 | 元江县臧健花卉科技开发有限公司 | Out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 杨启慧: "《唐菖蒲冬季种球生产技术要点分析》", 《现代园艺》 * |
| 谷海龙: "《唐菖蒲种球冬季繁育要点》", 《中国花卉园艺》 * |
| 钱树林: "《唐菖蒲优质种球的商品化生产》", 《中国花卉园艺》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109287300A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of gladiolus cut breeding |
| CN112243803A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 湖南湘枳生物科技有限责任公司 | Greenhouse seedling raising method for acorus gramineus seeds |
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Effective date of registration: 20200428 Address after: 236000 Anhui province Fuyang City Yingshang County Industrial Park Bao Lu tube Patentee after: ANHUI OURUIDA ELECTRICAL APPLIANCE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 222000, No. two, Meteorological Bureau, 8 Ying Zhou road, Sinpo District, Jiangsu, Lianyungang Patentee before: LIANYUNGANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES |
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