CN101766088A - Out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs - Google Patents
Out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs Download PDFInfo
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- CN101766088A CN101766088A CN201010039177A CN201010039177A CN101766088A CN 101766088 A CN101766088 A CN 101766088A CN 201010039177 A CN201010039177 A CN 201010039177A CN 201010039177 A CN201010039177 A CN 201010039177A CN 101766088 A CN101766088 A CN 101766088A
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Abstract
The invention provides an out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs and belongs to the technical field of flower planting. To solve the problems of long storage period and great nutrient loss of the gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs in the conventional summer flowering system, the invention provides the out-of-season breeding method for the gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs, which comprises the following steps of: (1) selecting the seed bulbs; (2) using a bactericide and an insecticide to sterilize the seed bulbs after immersion; (3) planting the seed bulbs during the period from September to November; (4) performing managements such as watering, weeding and the like on the seed bulbs after planting; and (5) collecting the planted seed bulbs in six months, wherein dormancy of the seed bulbs can be broken and the seed bulbs can be planted as soon as the seed bulbs are stored for 60 days at the storage room temperature of between 2 and 5 DEG C. The gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs bred by using the method has high quality and short storage period, so the aim of flowering in winter is fulfilled, and the production gain is maximized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of flower planting, particularly sword lily kind ball mating system in winter.
Background technology
Sword lily (Gladiolus hybridus Hort) is the Iridaceae gladiolus, the perennial herb flowering bulb.Sword lily is enriched because of pattern, flower type beauty, and very high ornamental value is arranged.The sword lily garden-variety is divided into (prematurity) system of blooming spring and the system of blooming summer substantially.Common sword lily is meant the sword lily of the system of blooming summer.
Producing around market changes, and just the flowers product of Sheng Chaning must be in the huge market demand, and listing just had the higher output value and profit when the market price was high.No matter be that the world or domestic market flowers in winter demand are big, price is also high.Not only winter, festivals or holidays were more, and because weather conditions decision output in winter is also lower, price is also high naturally.
Adopt the sword lily kind ball that sow in spring and reap in autumn breeds, need storage a period of time after the results, just can produce cut-flower to 1 year spring.Behind the purchase common species ball, business company will preserve it to autumn always and could sell, and produces fresh cut-flowers in the winter time with the supply grower in the winter time the busy season of sword lily fresh cut-flowers.
Therefore, the sword lily cut-flower is produced and to be produced flower winter to produce flower in December, January, February, March (particularly New Year's Day around the Spring Festival) be the target of the production of flowers and plants.This just needs sword lily kind ball in September, field planting in October.The source majority of this kind ball is storage ball or the inlet ball of last year.The storage period of common species ball reached about 1 year, cost of storage height not only, and nutrient loss is also bigger, difficult quality guarantee, plant the ball rotting rate up to 10% to 30%, the fresh cut-flowers flowering rate has only about 30%, and the overwhelming majority is the cut-flower below the secondary (11 to 12).Inlet ball then price is higher, and profit is less.
Summary of the invention
For solve existing sword lily kind ball storage period long, the cost of storage is high, nutrient loss is big, and can not produce colored problem in the winter time, the invention provides a kind of out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs, its embodiment is as follows:
Out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant the selection of ball: selects anosis, do not have wound, full kind ball, will plant ball and classify by diameter, wherein big seed bulb diameter is 1-1.5cm, the small seed ball diameter is less than 1cm;
(2) to kind of a ball disinfection, its processing method is:
(2.1) will plant ball earlier and soak 10 minutes, perhaps soak 15-20 minute with the 0.1%-0.3% liquor potassic permanganate with the formalin of 0.1%-0.2%;
(2.2) will plant ball and pull out and dry,
(2.3) mixed solution that will plant ball immersion bactericide and insecticide again soaked 20 minutes, wherein bactericide can be selected a kind of in the U.S. frost of cottonrose hibiscus, carbendazim, the tpn for use, its consumption is respectively 500 times of the U.S. frosts of 50% cottonrose hibiscus, 500 times of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of 75% tpns; The insecticide consumption is 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids;
(2.4) will plant to dry after ball is pulled out and wait to broadcast;
(3) field planting of kind ball: during November to January, on the furrow face of kind of ball field planting in warm canopy, temperature of shed is controlled at more than 20 ℃, and the pH value of the soil in the warm canopy is 6-7, and soil is granular structure, and draining is good, and it is smooth fertile that the soil is porous, not ponding;
The furrow of the big seed ball of field planting are wide 1.2 meters, the high 15cm of furrow, furrow width 30cm, and every ridge cultivation six row, spacing in the rows 4-5cm plants 60,000, earthing 10-15cm for every mu; Every furrow have three ditches during the field planting small seed ball, and every ditch uniform broadcasting is sowed ten thousand of 15-20, earthing 7-10cm for every mu;
(4) management after the field planting of kind ball:
(4.1) water: before seedling all sprouts, often water soil, keep ground moistening; Suitably control moisture after seedling all sprouts, avoid soil ponding;
(4.2) weeding: duty is cut weeds, and avoids weeds and sword lily contention moisture, nutrient;
(4.3) defloration flower bud: plant the ball field planting after 120 days, have part seed ball to bloom, should in time extract bud, Hua Sui this moment, avoids nutrient to disperse, and makes kind of a ball increase real, increase;
(4.4) fertilising: use composite fertilizer when kind of a ball grows to 6 leaves when above, the nitrogen in the composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium proportioning are 1: 2: 2;
(4.5) use the chemical control damage by disease and insect: seedling stage, their early stage uses 500 times of 50% wetting powder carbendazim or 50% thiophanate methyl is prevented and treated for 800 times with 200 times of sprayings of 1 ‰ bordeaux mixture, sprayed 1 time, and sprayed 2-3 time continuously in 7-10 days; Use 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids or 1000 times of sprayings of 10% cypermethrin simultaneously, and irritate root with insect-pest with 1000 times of 50% phoxims;
(5) the gathering and preserving of blossoming bulb: excavate kind of a ball after 6 months in kind of a ball field planting, cut off acrial part during the pick ball, removal of contamination, with the mesh bag warehouse-in, storage can be used for plantation by breaking dormancy in 60 days under 2-5 ℃ storehouse temperature after drying in the shade 15-20 days.
Adopt the fresh cut-flowers production of above-mentioned sword lily kind ball: after resting stage, can arrange fresh cut-flowers production according to the production schedule, general kind vegetative period is 90-120 days, so retrodicting 90-120 days according to the target florescence promptly is the date of blossoming bulb field planting, as: plan January 1 (Christmas Day, New Year's Day) is bloomed, and the blossoming bulb field planting date is 1-October 1 September; Plan February 1 (around the Spring Festival) is bloomed, and the blossoming bulb field planting date is 1-November 1 October.
Practice result proves, the sword lily kind ball quality percentage that adopts above-mentioned technology to breed reaches 70% to 80%, kind of ball storage period drops to 2-4 month, the fresh cut-flowers flowering rate reaches more than 75%, one-level flower rate (more than 14) reaches 80%, and realized producing winter the target of flower, promptly before the Spring Festival, produced flower, made productivity effect reach maximization.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant the selection of ball: selects anosis, do not have hinder, full, size is even, kind is pure kind ball, will plant ball and classify by diameter, wherein big seed bulb diameter is 1-1.5cm, the small seed ball diameter is less than 1cm;
(2) to kind of a ball disinfection, its processing method is:
(2.1) will plant ball soaked 10 minutes with 0.1% formalin;
(2.2) will plant ball then and pull out and dry,
(2.3) will plant the mixed solution that ball immerses 500 times of the U.S. frosts of 50% cottonrose hibiscus, 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids again soaked 20 minutes;
(2.4) will plant to dry after ball is pulled out and wait to broadcast;
(3) field planting of kind ball: will plant on the furrow face of ball field planting in warm canopy November, the furrow of the big seed ball of field planting are wide 1.2 meters, the high 15cm of furrow, furrow width 30cm, and every ridge cultivation six row, spacing in the rows 4cm plants 60,000, earthing 10cm for every mu; Every furrow have three ditches during the field planting small seed ball, and every ditch uniform broadcasting is sowed 150,000, earthing 7cm for every mu; Temperature of shed is controlled at more than 20 ℃, and the pH value of the soil in the warm canopy is 6-7, and soil is granular structure, and draining is good, and it is smooth fertile that the soil is porous, not ponding;
(4) management after the field planting of kind ball:
(4.1) water: before seedling all sprouts, often water soil, keep ground moistening; Suitably control moisture after seedling all sprouts, avoid soil ponding;
(4.2) weeding: duty is cut weeds, and avoids weeds and sword lily contention moisture, nutrient;
(4.3) defloration flower bud: plant the ball field planting after 120 days, have part seed ball to bloom, should in time extract bud, Hua Sui at this moment, avoid nutrient to disperse, increase kind of a ball nutrient accumulation, make kind of a ball increase real, increase;
(4.4) fertilising: can to execute nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium proportioning when above be 1: 2: 2 composite fertilizer when leaf grows to 6 leaves;
(4.5) use the chemical control damage by disease and insect: their early stage was used 50% wetting powder carbendazim and was prevented and treated for 500 times with 200 times of sprayings of 1 ‰ bordeaux mixture seedling stage, sprayed 1 time, and sprayed continuously 2 times in 8 days; Use 2000 times of sprayings of 30% Imidacloprid simultaneously, and irritate root with insect-pest with 1000 times of 50% phoxims; Described disease has root rot, virus disease, and insect pest has thrips, mite class, leaf moth and looper, cutworm;
(5) the gathering and preserving of blossoming bulb: mid-May next year after kind of ball field planting, blade is withered and yellow, at this moment can excavate kind of a ball, cut off acrial part during the pick ball, removal of contamination chooses clean, with the mesh bag warehouse-in, storage got final product breaking dormancy in 60 days under 2 ℃ storehouse temperature, was used for plantation after drying in the shade 15 days.
Embodiment two: out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant the selection of ball: selects anosis, do not have hinder, full, size is even, kind is pure kind ball, will plant ball and classify by diameter, wherein big seed bulb diameter is 1-1.5cm, the small seed ball diameter is less than 1cm;
(2) to kind of a ball disinfection, its processing method is:
(2.1) will plant ball earlier soaked 18 minutes with 0.3% liquor potassic permanganate;
(2.2) will plant ball then and pull out and dry,
(2.3) will plant the mixed solution that ball immerses 500 times of 50% carbendazim, 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids again soaked 20 minutes;
(2.4) will plant to dry after ball is pulled out and wait to broadcast;
(3) field planting of kind ball: will plant on the furrow face of ball field planting in warm canopy January, the furrow of the big seed ball of field planting are wide 1.2 meters, the high 15cm of furrow, furrow width 30cm, and every ridge cultivation six row, spacing in the rows 5cm plants 60,000, earthing 15cm for every mu; Every furrow have three ditches during the field planting small seed ball, and every ditch uniform broadcasting is sowed 200,000, earthing 10cm for every mu; Temperature of shed is controlled at more than 20 ℃, and the pH value of the soil in the warm canopy is 6-7, and soil is granular structure, and draining is good, and it is smooth fertile that the soil is porous, not ponding;
(4) management after the field planting of kind ball:
(4.1) water: before seedling all sprouts, often water soil, keep ground moistening; Suitably control moisture after seedling all sprouts, avoid soil ponding;
(4.2) weeding: duty is cut weeds, and avoids weeds and sword lily contention moisture, nutrient;
(4.3) defloration flower bud: plant the ball field planting after 120 days, have part seed ball to bloom, should in time extract bud, Hua Sui at this moment, avoid nutrient to disperse, increase kind of a ball nutrient accumulation, make kind of a ball increase real, increase;
(4.4) fertilising: use composite fertilizer when kind of a ball grows to 6 leaves when above, the nitrogen in the composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium proportioning are 1: 2: 2;
(4.5) use the chemical control damage by disease and insect: their early stage was used 50% thiophanate methyl and was prevented and treated for 800 times with 200 times of sprayings of 1 ‰ bordeaux mixture seedling stage, sprayed 1 time, and sprayed continuously 3 times in 10 days; Use 1000 times of sprayings of 10% cypermethrin simultaneously, and irritate root with insect-pest with 1000 times of 50% phoxims;
(5) the gathering and preserving of blossoming bulb: in mid-July, blade is withered and yellow, at this moment can excavate kind of a ball, cuts off acrial part during the pick ball, and removal of contamination chooses clean, and with the mesh bag warehouse-in, storage got final product breaking dormancy in 60 days under 5 ℃ storehouse temperature, was used for plantation after drying in the shade 20 days.
Claims (1)
1. out-of-season breeding method for gladiolus hybridus hort seed bulbs may further comprise the steps:
(1) plant the selection of ball: selects anosis, do not have wound, full kind ball, will plant ball and classify by diameter, wherein big seed bulb diameter is 1-1.5cm, the small seed ball diameter is less than 1cm;
(2) to kind of a ball disinfection, its processing method is:
(2.1) will plant ball earlier and soak 10 minutes, perhaps soak 15-20 minute with the 0.1%-0.3% liquor potassic permanganate with the formalin of 0.1%-0.2%;
(2.2) will plant ball then pulls out and dries;
(2.3) mixed solution that will plant ball immersion bactericide and insecticide again soaked 20 minutes, wherein bactericide can be selected a kind of in the U.S. frost of cottonrose hibiscus, carbendazim, the tpn for use, its consumption is respectively 500 times of the U.S. frosts of 50% cottonrose hibiscus, 500 times of 50% carbendazim, 500 times of 75% tpns; The insecticide consumption is 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids;
(2.4) will plant to dry after ball is pulled out and wait to broadcast;
(3) field planting of kind ball: during November to January, on the furrow face of kind of ball field planting in warm canopy, temperature of shed is controlled at more than 20 ℃, and the pH value of the soil in the warm canopy is 6-7, and the soil is porous for the furrow face, not ponding; The furrow of the big seed ball of field planting are wide 1.2 meters, the high 15cm of furrow, furrow width 30cm, and every ridge cultivation six row, spacing in the rows 4-5cm plants 60,000, earthing 10-15cm for every mu; Every furrow have three ditches during the field planting small seed ball, and every ditch uniform broadcasting is sowed ten thousand of 15-20, earthing 7-10cm for every mu;
(4) management after the field planting of kind ball:
(4.1) water: before seedling all sprouts, often water soil, keep ground moistening; Suitably control moisture after seedling all sprouts, avoid soil ponding;
(4.2) weeding: duty is cut weeds, and avoids weeds and sword lily contention moisture, nutrient;
(4.3) defloration flower bud: plant the ball field planting after 120 days, part seed ball enters flowering stage, and will in time extract bud, the Hua Sui on kind of the ball this moment, avoids nutrient to disperse, and makes kind of a ball increase real, increase;
(4.4) fertilising: use composite fertilizer when kind of a ball grows to 6 leaves when above, the nitrogen in the composite fertilizer, phosphorus, potassium proportioning are 1: 2: 2;
(4.5) use the chemical control damage by disease and insect: seedling stage, their early stage uses 500 times of 50% wetting powder carbendazim or 50% thiophanate methyl is prevented and treated for 800 times with 200 times of sprayings of 1 ‰ bordeaux mixture, sprayed 1 time, and sprayed 2-3 time continuously in 7-10 days; Use 2000 times of 30% Imidacloprids or 1000 times of sprayings of 10% cypermethrin simultaneously, and irritate root with insect-pest with 1000 times of 50% phoxims;
(5) the gathering and preserving of blossoming bulb: excavate kind of a ball after 6 months in kind of a ball field planting, cut off acrial part during the pick ball, removal of contamination, with the mesh bag warehouse-in, storage 60 days can breaking dormancy be transplanted and is used under 2-5 ℃ storehouse temperature after drying in the shade 15-20 days.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524081A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-04 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method of tissue culture of iris ensata |
| CN102870573A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-01-16 | 清流县鸿翔农庄农业发展有限公司 | Seedball breeding and flowering phase control method for lilium casa blanca |
| CN103004438A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
| CN105265136A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-01-27 | 闽南师范大学 | Curcuma alismatifolia open field overwintering plantation method and landscape application thereof |
| CN105284335A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of iris germanica |
| CN108739215A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州省原态上品农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of residual branch regeneration method of gladiolus |
| CN109287300A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of gladiolus cut breeding |
-
2010
- 2010-01-13 CN CN201010039177A patent/CN101766088A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102524081A (en) * | 2012-03-17 | 2012-07-04 | 常熟市尚湖农业生态园有限公司 | Method of tissue culture of iris ensata |
| CN102870573A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2013-01-16 | 清流县鸿翔农庄农业发展有限公司 | Seedball breeding and flowering phase control method for lilium casa blanca |
| CN103004438A (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2013-04-03 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
| CN103004438B (en) * | 2012-12-25 | 2014-05-07 | 连云港市农业科学院 | Out-of-season breeding method in gladiolus seedball sunlight greenhouse |
| CN105265136A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-01-27 | 闽南师范大学 | Curcuma alismatifolia open field overwintering plantation method and landscape application thereof |
| CN105265136B (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2018-12-28 | 闽南师范大学 | A kind of implantation methods and its landscape application of curcuma alismatifolia open field soil |
| CN105284335A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Method for adjusting flowering phase of iris germanica |
| CN108739215A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-06 | 贵州省原态上品农业科技有限责任公司 | A kind of residual branch regeneration method of gladiolus |
| CN109287300A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of gladiolus cut breeding |
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Application publication date: 20100707 |