CN114600695A - Method for modifying macadimia nut low-yield forest - Google Patents
Method for modifying macadimia nut low-yield forest Download PDFInfo
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- CN114600695A CN114600695A CN202210212664.9A CN202210212664A CN114600695A CN 114600695 A CN114600695 A CN 114600695A CN 202210212664 A CN202210212664 A CN 202210212664A CN 114600695 A CN114600695 A CN 114600695A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000013003 healing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000018330 Macadamia integrifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 240000000912 Macadamia tetraphylla Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 235000003800 Macadamia tetraphylla Nutrition 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O azanium;calcium;nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Ca].[O-][N+]([O-])=O NGLMYMJASOJOJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AGBQKNBQESQNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lipoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCC1CCSS1 AGBQKNBQESQNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019136 lipoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 selenium polysaccharide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002663 thioctic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000062748 Eupatorium adenophorum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000014571 nuts Nutrition 0.000 description 79
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 244000217401 Ageratina adenophora Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000208467 Macadamia Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 206010003210 Arteriosclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010029400 Nicotinic acid deficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000002141 Pellagra Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000011775 arteriosclerosis disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940077731 carbohydrate nutrients Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021081 unsaturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C1/00—Ammonium nitrate fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for modifying a low-yield forest of macadimia nuts, which relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and comprises the following steps of trimming whole trees, trimming macadimia nut trees in winter, removing over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches, grafting and cutting off, selecting good-variety macadimia nut tree branches, and grafting the slow-growing and low-fertile fruit percentage macadimia nut tree branches, wherein the environment temperature for grafting is 23-27 ℃. According to the method, the whole tree of the macadimia nut tree is trimmed, so that cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches can be removed, ventilation among the branches is kept, the growth capacity of the macadimia nut tree is improved, the macadimia nut tree branches with slow growth and low fruit setting rate are grafted by selecting the good-variety macadimia nut tree branches, and a grafting healing agent is sprayed to the rootstock and the cut of the grafted branches in the grafting process, so that the grafting surface of the macadimia nut tree can be effectively protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for improving a low-yielding macadimia nut forest.
Background
Macadamia nuts, namely kunshaan millet, macadamia walnut, macadamia nut and kunshuan fruit, belong to the dragon-mountain eye plant, and among a plurality of dry fruits in the world, the macadamia nuts have the highest economic value and are reputed as the king of the dry fruits in the world. Is a high-grade and rare edible dry fruit in the world at present, and has the effects of nourishing brain and promoting intelligence. The nuts are nutritious and rich in unsaturated fat, protein, various mineral elements, vitamins, carbohydrates and niacin for resisting pellagra. The nut has oil content of more than 78%, is natural high-grade edible oil, contains about 84% of unsaturated fatty acid, and several kinds of unsaturated fatty acid can not be synthesized in human body, and can reduce cholesterol after being eaten, thereby having good effect on preventing arteriosclerosis. The nut trees are evergreen in four seasons and have high ornamental value. Can beautify and green environment and promote ecological balance, and the nuts are high-grade woody oil plants, are expensive in the international market and are in short supply. The nuts have high value, are storage-resistant and easy to transport, have a profit period as long as 40-60 years, are suitable for developing towards the flat ground, do not compete for land with grains, and are a rich way for developing economy in rural areas in mountainous areas. The following problems exist in the prior art:
1. the management of some macadimia nut orchards is extensive, and after grafting, the survival rate of grafted branches is low, so that the production of the macadimia nut trees is not facilitated;
2. the macadamia nut trees are not sufficiently fertilized according to the growth rule of the macadamia nut trees due to insufficient fertilizer input in the growth process, so that the fruit bearing rate of the macadamia nut trees is low, and the single-plant yield is generally low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for modifying low-yield forests of macadimia nuts, which aims to improve the survival rate of the grafted macadimia nut trees and solve the problem of low survival rate of the grafted macadimia nut trees; the other purpose is to solve the problem that the growth rule of the macadamia nut trees cannot be fertilized to cause low bearing rate, so that the targeted fertilization effect on the macadamia nut trees can be achieved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for modifying low-yield macadimia nut forest comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of trimming the whole tree, trimming the macadamia nut tree in winter, and removing over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches.
And step two, grafting and cutting, namely selecting the Australian nut tree branches with excellent varieties, grafting the Australian nut tree branches with slow growth and low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 23-27 ℃, and spraying a grafting healing agent to the stocks and the cuts of the grafted branches in the grafting process.
And step three, deep ploughing and weeding, removing high impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut tree, simultaneously deeply digging once at a depth of 15-18 cm, and backfilling the deeply dug soil.
And step four, fertilizing to promote yield, fertilizing roots after the Australian nut trees sprout, applying 0.1-0.2 kg of urea and 0.5-1 kg of compound fertilizer to the roots of each tree, applying 3-4 kg of base fertilizer and 1.5-2.5 kg of leaf fertilizer to the periphery of each root after the Australian nut trees bear fruits, and applying 50-100 kg of organic fertilizer and 1-1.5 kg of compound fertilizer to the periphery of each root at intervals of 15-20 days after the Australian nut trees pick the fruits.
And step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to the leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are found, and trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the first step, in the whole tree pruning process, reseeding is also carried out on dead macadamia nut trees in winter.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and taking the macadimia nut seedlings with the growth time of 10-12 months and the stem thickness of 1-1.3 cm as the stocks in the second step.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the grafting healing agent in the second step is 3-4 parts of vitamin a, 3-4 parts of eupatorium adenophorum, 1-12 parts of lipoic acid, 4-7 parts of indoleacetic acid, 5-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-3 parts of olive polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of potassium citrate, 3-4.5 parts of chitosan, 0.7-1.6 parts of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.4-0.6 part of capric acid.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and 4, soil dug out deeply in the third step is mixed with 6-8 kg of farmyard manure for sufficient mixing.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the fourth step, the compound fertilizer contains 35-45% of urea, 32-38% of calcium ammonium nitrate, 12-17% of potassium sulfate, 2-6% of boron fertilizer and 5-7% of sodium humate.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the leaf fertilizer in the fourth step, the content of organic matters is 45-55%, the content of chlorine elements is 4-8%, the content of fulvic acid is 0.4-0.8%, and the content of amino acid is 10-15%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: in the organic fertilizer in the fourth step, the content of lime, the content of phosphorus and the content of potassium are respectively 2-2.2%, 2-2.3% and 4-4.2%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the technical progress that:
1. the invention provides a method for modifying low-yield macadimia nut forest, which is characterized in that cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches can be removed by pruning whole macadimia nut trees, ventilation among the branches is kept, the growth capacity of the macadimia nut trees is improved, the macadimia nut trees with slow growth and low fruit setting rate are grafted by selecting the good macadimia nut tree branches, and a grafting healing agent is sprayed to the cuts of the stocks and the grafted branches in the grafting process, so that the grafting surface of the macadimia nut trees can be effectively protected, the grafting survival rate of the macadimia nut trees can be improved, the grafting survival rate of the macadimia nut trees can be up to more than 92%, and meanwhile, the low-yield macadimia nut trees can be improved.
2. The invention provides a method for modifying a low-yield forest of macadimia nuts, which is characterized in that weeds and stones are removed from the periphery of the roots of grafted macadimia nut trees, so that loss of nutrients around the roots of the macadimia nut trees is avoided, fertilization is performed through different stages of after sprouting of the macadimia nut trees, after bearing fruit of the macadimia nut trees and after picking of the macadimia nut trees, so that the bearing fruit rate of the macadimia nut trees is improved, normal growth of the macadimia nuts is guaranteed, and when pests and diseases are found, multocin and thiophanate methyl are sprayed on the macadimia nut trees, so that the pests and the diseases of the macadimia nut trees can be effectively restrained, and the yield of the macadimia nut trees is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples: the invention provides a method for modifying low-yield forest of macadimia nuts, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of pruning whole trees, namely pruning the macadamia nut trees in winter to remove over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches, and reseeding the macadamia nut trees died in winter in the whole tree pruning process.
Secondly, grafting and cutting, selecting branches of the Australian nut trees with excellent varieties, grafting the branches of the Australian nut trees with slow growth and low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 23-27 ℃, spraying a grafting healing agent to the cut parts of the stocks and the grafted branches in the grafting process, taking Australian nut seedlings with the growth time of 10-12 months and the stem thickness of 1-1.3 cm as the stocks, wherein the grafting healing agent is 3-4 parts of vitamin a, 3-4 parts of Eupatorium adenophorum, 1-12 parts of lipoic acid, 4-7 parts of indoleacetic acid, 5-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-3 parts of olive polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of potassium citrate, 3-4.5 parts of chitosan, 0.7-1.6 parts of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.4-0.6 part of capric acid, and spraying the grafting healing agent to the cut parts of the stocks and the grafted branches in the grafting process, so that the grafting surface of the Australian nut tree can be effectively protected, thereby improving the grafting survival rate of the macadamia nut tree.
And step three, deep ploughing and weeding, removing high-impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut tree, simultaneously deeply digging once at the depth of 15-18 cm, deeply digging out soil, mixing the soil with 6-8 kg of farmyard manure, fully mixing, and backfilling the deeply dug soil.
Fertilizing and promoting yield, fertilizing roots after the macadamia nut trees sprout, applying 0.1-0.2 kg of urea and 0.5-1 kg of compound fertilizer to the roots, wherein the urea content in the compound fertilizer is 35-45%, the calcium ammonium nitrate content is 32-38%, the potassium sulfate content is 12-17%, the boron fertilizer content is 2-6%, the sodium humate content is 5-7%, after the macadamia nut trees are subjected to fruit hanging, 3-4 kg of base fertilizer and 1.5-2.5 kg of leaf fertilizer are applied to the peripheries of the roots, the organic matter content in the leaf fertilizer is 45-55%, the chlorine element content is 4-8%, the fulvic acid content is 0.4-0.8% per mill, the amino acid content is 10-15%, after the macadamia nut trees are subjected to fruit picking, 15-20 days are spaced, 50-100 kg of compound fertilizer and 1-1.5 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to the peripheries of the roots, the lime content in the organic fertilizer is 2-2.2%, the phosphorus content is 2-2.3%, and the compound fertilizer is 1.3%, The potassium content is 4-4.2%.
And step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are discovered, and trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for modifying low-yield forest of macadimia nuts, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of pruning whole trees, namely pruning the macadamia nut trees in winter to remove over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches, and reseeding the macadamia nut trees died in winter in the whole tree pruning process.
Step two, grafting and cutting, selecting the Australian nut tree branches with excellent varieties, grafting the Australian nut tree branches with slow growth and low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 24 ℃, spraying grafting healing agent to the stock and the incision of the grafted branch in the grafting process, taking macadamia nut seedlings with the growth time of 10 months and the stem thickness of 1.1cm as the stock, wherein the grafting healing agent comprises 3.3 parts of vitamin a, 3.4 parts of crofton weed, 3 parts of lipoic acid, 4.5 parts of indoleacetic acid, 5.3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2.3 parts of olive polyphenol, 0.8 part of potassium citrate, 3.5 parts of chitosan, 0.9 part of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.45 part of capric acid, and in the grafting process, the grafting healing agent is sprayed to the cuts of the stocks and the grafted branches, so that the grafting surface of the macadimia nut trees can be effectively protected, and the grafting survival rate of the macadimia nut trees can be improved.
And step three, deep ploughing and weeding, removing high impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut tree, simultaneously deeply digging once at the depth of 16cm, fully mixing deeply dug soil and mixing 6.8kg of farmyard manure, and backfilling the deeply dug soil.
And step four, fertilizing and promoting yield, fertilizing roots after the macadamia nut trees sprout, fertilizing 0.14kg of urea and 0.7kg of compound fertilizer at the roots of each macadamia nut tree, wherein the urea content in the compound fertilizer is 38%, the calcium ammonium nitrate content is 34%, the potassium sulfate content is 13%, the boron fertilizer content is 3%, the sodium humate content is 5.3%, after the macadamia nut trees are subjected to fruit bearing, 3.4kg of base fertilizer and 1.7kg of leaf fertilizer are applied around the roots of each macadamia nut tree, the organic matter content in the leaf fertilizer is 48%, the chlorine element content in the leaf fertilizer is 5%, the fulvic acid content is 0.5 per mill, and the amino acid content is 11%, after the macadamia nut trees are subjected to fruit picking, 60kg of organic fertilizer and 1.2kg of compound fertilizer are applied around the roots of each macadamia nut tree, the lime content in the organic fertilizer is 2.1%, the phosphorus content is 2.1%, and the potassium content is 4.06% every 16 days.
Step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are found, trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests, and promoting production by adopting the grafting technology of the step two and the fertilization of the step three, wherein the grafting survival rate reaches 94%; after the technical measures are adopted in the Australia nut garden, the average yield of the seeds with the shells in the third year is 10.5 kg.
Example 2
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of pruning whole trees, namely pruning the macadamia nut trees in winter to remove over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches, and reseeding the macadamia nut trees died in winter in the whole tree pruning process.
Step two, grafting and cutting, selecting branches of the Australian nut trees with excellent varieties, grafting the branches of the Australian nut trees with slow growth and low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 25 ℃, spraying grafting healing agent to the stock and the incision of the grafted branch in the grafting process, taking macadamia nut seedlings with the growth time of 11 months and the stem thickness of 1.2cm as the stock, wherein the grafting healing agent comprises 3.5 parts of vitamin a, 3.6 parts of crofton weed, 5 parts of lipoic acid, 5 parts of indoleacetic acid, 5.6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2.5 parts of olive polyphenol, 1 part of potassium citrate, 4 parts of chitosan, 1.2 parts of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.5 part of capric acid, and in the grafting process, the grafting healing agent is sprayed to the cuts of the stocks and the grafted branches, so that the grafting surface of the macadimia nut trees can be effectively protected, and the grafting survival rate of the macadimia nut trees can be improved.
And step three, deep ploughing and weeding, removing high impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut tree, simultaneously deeply digging once with the depth of 17cm, fully mixing deeply dug soil and mixing with 7.5kg of farmyard manure, and backfilling the deeply dug soil.
And step four, fertilizing and promoting yield, fertilizing roots after the Australian nut trees sprout, fertilizing 0.16kg of urea and 0.8kg of compound fertilizer at the roots of each Australian nut tree, wherein the urea content in the compound fertilizer is 40%, the calcium ammonium nitrate content is 36%, the potassium sulfate content is 15%, the boron fertilizer content is 4%, the sodium humate content is 6%, after the Australian nut trees are subjected to fruit bearing, 3.6kg of base fertilizer and 2kg of leaf fertilizer are applied around the roots of each Australian nut tree, the organic matter content in the leaf fertilizer is 50%, the chlorine element content is 7%, the fulvic acid content is 0.6 per mill, the amino acid content is 13%, after the Australian nut trees are picked, 70kg of organic fertilizer and 1.3kg of compound fertilizer are applied around the roots of each Australian nut tree at intervals of 18 days, the lime content in the organic fertilizer is 2.15%, the phosphorus content is 2.2%, and the potassium content is 4.1%.
Step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are found, trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests, and promoting the yield of the grafting by adopting the grafting technology of the step two and the fertilization of the step three, wherein the grafting survival rate reaches 93%; after the technical measures are adopted in the Australia nut garden, the average yield of the seeds with shells in the third year is 10 kilograms.
Example 3
The invention provides a technical scheme that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of pruning whole trees, namely pruning the macadamia nut trees in winter to remove over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches, and reseeding the macadamia nut trees died in winter in the whole tree pruning process.
Step two, grafting and cutting, selecting the Australian nut tree branches with excellent varieties, grafting the Australian nut tree branches with slow growth and low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 26 ℃, spraying grafting healing agent to the stock and the incision of the grafted branch in the grafting process, taking macadamia nut seedlings with the growth time of 12 months and the stem thickness of 13cm as the stock, wherein the grafting healing agent comprises 4 parts of vitamin a, 4 parts of crofton weed, 10 parts of lipoic acid, 7 parts of indoleacetic acid, 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of olive polyphenol, 1.2 parts of potassium citrate, 4.5 parts of chitosan, 1.6 parts of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.6 part of capric acid, and in the grafting process, the grafting healing agent is sprayed to the cuts of the stocks and the grafted branches, so that the grafting surface of the macadimia nut trees can be effectively protected, and the grafting survival rate of the macadimia nut trees can be improved.
And step three, deep ploughing and weeding, namely removing high-impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut, simultaneously deeply digging once at the depth of 18cm, fully mixing deeply dug soil and 8kg of farmyard manure, and backfilling the deeply dug soil.
And step four, fertilizing and promoting yield, fertilizing roots after the Australian nut trees sprout, fertilizing 0.2kg of urea and 1kg of compound fertilizer are applied to the roots of each Australian nut tree, wherein the urea content in the compound fertilizer is 45%, the calcium ammonium nitrate content is 38%, the potassium sulfate content is 17%, the boron fertilizer content is 6%, the sodium humate content is 7%, after the Australian nut trees carry out fruit bearing, 4kg of base fertilizer and 2.5kg of leaf fertilizer are applied to the periphery of the roots of each Australian nut tree, the organic matter content in the leaf fertilizer is 55%, the chlorine element content is 8%, the fulvic acid content is 0.8 per mill, the amino acid content is 15%, after the Australian nut trees pick up fruits, the fertilizer application interval is 20 days, the organic fertilizer content and the compound fertilizer are 100kg and 1.5kg of compound fertilizer are applied to the periphery of the roots of each Australian nut tree, the lime content in the organic fertilizer is 2.2%, the phosphorus content is 2%, and the potassium content is 4.2%.
Step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are found, trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests, and promoting production by adopting the grafting technology of the step two and the fertilization of the step three, wherein the grafting survival rate reaches 93.5%; after the technical measures are adopted in the Australia nut garden, the average yield of the seeds with the shells in the third year is 10.8 kg.
The present invention has been described in general terms in the foregoing, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements are within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit of the inventive concept.
Claims (8)
1. A method for modifying a low-yield forest of macadimia nuts is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
trimming the whole tree, trimming the macadamia nut tree in winter, and removing over-dense branches, cross branches, diseased branches and dead branches;
step two, grafting and cutting, namely selecting a good-variety Australian nut tree branch, grafting the Australian nut tree branch which grows slowly and has low fruit setting rate, wherein the grafting environment temperature is 23-27 ℃, and spraying a grafting healing agent to the stock and the incision of the grafted branch in the grafting process;
thirdly, deep ploughing and weeding, namely removing high impurity irrigation, weeds and stones around the root of the grafted macadimia nut tree, simultaneously deeply digging once at a depth of 15-18 cm, and backfilling soil after deep digging;
fertilizing and promoting yield, fertilizing roots after the macadamia nut trees sprout, applying 0.1-0.2 kg of urea and 0.5-1 kg of compound fertilizer to the roots of each macadamia nut tree, applying 3-4 kg of base fertilizer and 1.5-2.5 kg of leaf fertilizer to the periphery of each root after the macadamia nut trees bear fruits, and applying 50-100 kg of organic fertilizer and 1-1.5 kg of compound fertilizer to the periphery of each root after the macadamia nut trees are picked at intervals of 15-20 days;
and step five, protecting against diseases and insect pests, namely spraying 1000 times of solution of 70% thiophanate methyl and 2100 times of solution of 25% pyrethroid to leaf surfaces when the diseases and insect pests are discovered, and trimming branches with excessive diseases and insect pests.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in the first step, in the whole tree pruning process, reseeding is also carried out on dead macadamia nut trees in winter.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and taking the macadimia nut seedlings with the growth time of 10-12 months and the stem thickness of 1-1.3 cm as the stocks in the second step.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the grafting healing agent in the second step is 3-4 parts of vitamin a, 3-4 parts of eupatorium adenophorum, 1-12 parts of lipoic acid, 4-7 parts of indoleacetic acid, 5-6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2-3 parts of olive polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of potassium citrate, 3-4.5 parts of chitosan, 0.7-1.6 parts of garlic selenium polysaccharide and 0.4-0.6 part of capric acid.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: and 4, soil dug out deeply in the third step is mixed with 6-8 kg of farmyard manure for sufficient mixing.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the compound fertilizer contains 35-45% of urea, 32-38% of calcium ammonium nitrate, 12-17% of potassium sulfate, 2-6% of boron fertilizer and 5-7% of sodium humate.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the leaf fertilizer in the fourth step, the content of organic matters is 45-55%, the content of chlorine elements is 4-8%, the content of fulvic acid is 0.4-0.8%, and the content of amino acid is 10-15%.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the organic fertilizer in the fourth step, the content of lime is 2-2.2%, the content of phosphorus is 2-2.3%, and the content of potassium is 4-4.2%.
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| WO2021008099A1 (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-01-21 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Apple tree old orchard reconstruction yield increasing and quality improving method |
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| CN102503620A (en) * | 2011-09-11 | 2012-06-20 | 逄涛 | Nitryl sulfuric organic and inorganic mixed and compound fertilizer |
| CN106069472A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-11-09 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method solving aged closing macadimia nut garden low yield poor efficiency |
| CN106278740A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-04 | 湖北鄂东肥业有限公司 | One planting fruit-trees special potassium fulvate Chemical Mixed Fertilizer |
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