CN114435855B - 链式输送机及其链节 - Google Patents

链式输送机及其链节 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114435855B
CN114435855B CN202210117943.7A CN202210117943A CN114435855B CN 114435855 B CN114435855 B CN 114435855B CN 202210117943 A CN202210117943 A CN 202210117943A CN 114435855 B CN114435855 B CN 114435855B
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link
pin
sprocket engagement
chain
apertures
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CN114435855A (zh
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A·P·沃克
C·G·斯图尔特
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Joy Global Underground Mining LLC
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Joy Global Underground Mining LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G23/00—Driving gear for endless conveyors; Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements
    • B65G23/24—Gearing between driving motor and belt- or chain-engaging elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/06—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms
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    • B65G17/00—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface
    • B65G17/26—Conveyors having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyors in which the chains form the load-carrying surface comprising a series of co-operating units, e.g. interconnected by pivots
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    • B65G17/30—Details; Auxiliary devices
    • B65G17/38—Chains or like traction elements; Connections between traction elements and load-carriers
    • B65G17/40—Chains acting as load-carriers
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    • B65G17/38—Chains or like traction elements; Connections between traction elements and load-carriers
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    • B65G17/44—Attaching load carriers to traction elements by means excluding relative movements
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    • B65G19/04—Conveyors comprising an impeller or a series of impellers carried by an endless traction element and arranged to move articles or materials over a supporting surface or underlying material, e.g. endless scraper conveyors for moving bulk material in open troughs or channels
    • B65G19/06—Conveyors comprising an impeller or a series of impellers carried by an endless traction element and arranged to move articles or materials over a supporting surface or underlying material, e.g. endless scraper conveyors for moving bulk material in open troughs or channels the impellers being scrapers similar in size and shape to the cross-section of the trough or channel
    • B65G19/08—Conveyors comprising an impeller or a series of impellers carried by an endless traction element and arranged to move articles or materials over a supporting surface or underlying material, e.g. endless scraper conveyors for moving bulk material in open troughs or channels the impellers being scrapers similar in size and shape to the cross-section of the trough or channel and attached to a single belt, rope or chain
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    • B65G21/10—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors movable, or having interchangeable or relatively movable parts; Devices for moving framework or parts thereof
    • B65G21/12—Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyors movable, or having interchangeable or relatively movable parts; Devices for moving framework or parts thereof to allow adjustment of position of load-carrier or traction element as a whole
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Escalators And Moving Walkways (AREA)
  • Pusher Or Impeller Conveyors (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Intermediate Stations On Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于输送机链条的链节，所述链节包括第一部分和与所述第一部分横向隔开的第二部分。所述第一部分包括第一链轮接合销，所述第二部分包括第二链轮接合销。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销彼此远离横向突出。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销中的每个链轮接合销可具有椭圆形截面。至少一个保持器可固定连接销以防止相对于所述第一部分和所述第二部分中的至少一个部分进行运动，且每个保持器可基本位于所述第一部分和所述第二部分中的一个部分内。

Description

链式输送机及其链节
本申请是申请日为2018年3月6日、申请号为201880026700.4、发明名称为“链式输送机及其链节”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请
本申请要求在先申请的共同未决的2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,761、2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,766、2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,767、2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,769、2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,770以及2017年3月6日提交的美国临时专利申请62/467,773的优先权。这些文件中的每个文件中的整体内容均通过引用的方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明公开涉及物料输送机，具体而言，涉及链板式输送机。
发明内容
诸如连续采矿机和链式运输装置的采矿机械可包括链式输送机，所述链式输送机能够横向偏转以通过侧向翻转来行进。链式输送机可包括用于沿着盘推动或驱动物料的刮板构件。链条可通过一个或多个链轮来驱动。
在一个独立方面中，一种用于链式输送机的链节包括第一部分和第二部分。所述第二部分被定向成平行于所述第一部分并与所述第一部分横向隔开。所述第一部分包括第一链轮接合销，所述第二部分包括第二链轮接合销。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销彼此远离横向突出。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销彼此沿相对于行进方向横向的轴线对齐。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销中的每个链轮接合销具有椭圆形截面。
在另一个独立方面中，输送机链条包括第一链节、第二链节、用于联接所述第一链节和第二链节的连接销，以及至少一个保持器。所述第一链节包括第一部分和第二部分，所述第二部分被定向成平行于所述第一部分并与所述第一部分横向隔开。所述第一部分包括第一链轮接合销，所述第二部分包括第二链轮接合销。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销彼此远离横向突出。所述连接销在所述第一链节的第一部分和第二部分之间延伸。所述至少一个保持器固定所述连接销以防止其相对于所述第一部分和所述第二部分中的至少一个部分运动。每个保持器基本位于所述第一部分和第二部分中的一个部分内。
在又一个独立方面中，一种用于链式输送机的链节包括第一部分、第二部分和中间部分。所述第一部分包括第一链轮接合销。所述第二部分被定向成平行于所述第一部分并与所述第一部分横向隔开，所述第二部分包括第二链轮接合销。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销彼此沿相对于所述链节的行进方向横向的轴线对齐。所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销在横向远离中心轴线的方向上突出。所述中间部分在所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间延伸，并与所述第一部分和所述第二部分一体成型。所述中间部分与所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销横向对齐。
通过考虑具体实施方式和附图，其他方面将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是采矿机的透视图，其中收集头的一部分被切除。
图2是图1中的采矿机的前端的透视图。
图3是输送机驱动组件的分解图。
图4是链式输送装置的透视图。
图5是图4中的链式输送装置的分解图。
图6是连接链节的透视图。
图7是图6中的连接链节的正视图。
图8是沿图5中所示的截面8-8截取的连接链节的截面图。
图9是根据另一个实施例的连接链节的透视图。
图10是沿截面10-10截取的图9中的连接链节的透视截面图，该连接链节包括链条销和保持器。
图11是沿截面10-10截取的图9中的连接链节的透视截面图，该连接链节包括链条销和保持器。
图12是沿截面10-10截取的图9中的连接链节的透视截面图，该连接链节包括链条销和保持器。
图13是根据另一个实施例的沿截面13-13截取的图4中的连接链节的截面图，该连接链节包括保持器。
图14是图13中的连接链节和保持器的一部分的分解图。
图15是图6中联接至旋转链节的连接链节的俯视图。
图16是图6中的连接链节的另一个透视图。
图17是图4中的链式输送装置的正视图。
图18是根据另一个实施例的链式输送装置的透视图。
图19是图18中的链式输送装置的分解图。
在详细解释本公开的任何独立实施例之前，应当理解，本发明公开的应用不限于以下描述中阐述的或在附图中阐释的构造细节和部件布置。本发明公开能够具有其他独立实施例并且能够以各种方式实践或实施。
而且，应当理解，本文使用的措辞和术语是为了描述的目的，不应该被视为是限制性的。本文中“包括”、“包含”或“具有”及其变型的使用意指包括其后列出的项目及其等同物以及附加项目。术语“安装”、“连接”和“联接”广泛使用并包括直接和间接安装、连接和联接。此外，“连接”和“联接”不限于物理或机械连接或联接，并可包括电连接或耦合或流体连接或联接，无论是直接还是间接的。另外，可使用任何已知的包括直接连接、无线连接等手段来执行电子通信和通知。
具体实施方式
图1阐释了采矿机10，诸如连续采矿机。在所阐释的实施例中，采矿机10包括框架或底盘18、可枢转地联接至底盘18的悬臂22，以及支撑在悬臂22上的刀头26。底盘18可被支撑而通过牵引机构(例如，履带30)来相对于支撑表面(未示出)运动。
如图1和图2所示，收集机构或收集头34位于底盘18的第一端或前端38附近，输送机42从底盘18的前端38朝向底盘18的第二或后端46以连续的环形延伸。收集头34位于刀头26下方，并包括平台50和一对旋转臂54，旋转臂54接合被切除的物料并将其引导至输送机42上。输送机42将切削物料从前端38朝向底盘18的后端46(图1)运输、从刀头26下方的区域向靠近底盘18的后端46定位的另一输送机或牵引机(未示出)运输。
如图2所示，输送机42是链式输送机，所述链式输送机由以连续的环形依次连接的链节形成。输送机42沿链盘或平台58驱动切削物料。输送机42由驱动组件驱动，所述驱动组件包括位于底盘18的收集头34附近的轴62。如图3所示，轴62相对于底盘18(图2)被横向定向并被驱动(例如，通过一个或多个电动机)来相对于底盘18旋转。一对链轮66接合并移动输送机42。在所阐释的实施例中，每个链轮66包括围绕轴62隔开的四个齿或凸部70，且凸部70之间的凹部接纳并驱动输送机42。
图4和图5示出了形成输送机42的链条82的装置。在所阐释的实施例中，链条82包括第一链节或刮板链节86、第二链节或连接链节90、将刮板链节86联接至连接链节90的联接器链节或旋转链节94，以及从刮板链节86向外横向定位的刮板或刮板条(flights orflight bars)98。另一个旋转链节94可将连接链节90联接至另一个刮板链节(未示出)，因此输送机链条82可包括交替的刮板链节和连接链节的序列，其中每个均通过旋转链节彼此结合。在其他实施例中，链条82可包括不同序列的链节，例如，多个连接链节可位于一个刮板链节和后续刮板链节之间。链节序列的各种排列是可能的。
在所阐释的实施例中，刮板链节86包括一对凸耳或侧部106(第一侧部106a和第二侧部106b)和在侧部106的内表面之间延伸的桥接部110。每个侧部106包括延伸穿过每个侧部106的内表面和外表面的一对孔114。
如图5所示，刮板链节86进一步包括一对刮板销122，每个刮板销122从侧部106中的一个侧部的外表面向外延伸。在所阐释的实施例中，刮板销122彼此对齐(即沿公共轴)，刮板销122中的每个刮板销位于链条销222(下面将进一步说明)之间。换句话说，刮板销122相对于输送机42的行进方向126侧向或横向延伸。刮板销122中的每个刮板销位于相关的侧部106的孔114之间。在所阐释的实施例中，每个刮板98可拆卸地联接至刮板销122中的一个刮板销(例如通过螺栓130和螺母134)。每个刮板销122的链轮接合部分或驱动部分138位于侧部106和相关的刮板98之间。在所阐释的实施例中，每个刮板销122的端部142位于刮板条98中的一个刮板条的开口146内。
如图5所示，每个连接链节90包括一对凸耳或侧部170(第一侧部170a和第二侧部170b)和在侧部170的内表面之间延伸的桥接部174。每个侧部170包括延伸穿过每个侧部170的内表面和外表面的一对孔178。另外，驱动销182从每个侧部170的外表面向外延伸。换句话说，每个驱动销182相对链条82的行进方向126侧向或横向延伸。每个驱动销182位于相关的侧部170的孔178之间。链轮66(图3)接合驱动销182和刮板销122的驱动部分138，以驱动链条82。在所阐释的实施例中，连接链节的桥接部174包括开口186。
如图6-8所示，连接链节90的桥接部174包括凹面184和开口186。桥接部174沿基本垂直于行进方向126的方向在侧部170之间延伸(图6)。凹面184和开口186提供间隙，以允许旋转链节94的枢转运动(图8)。凹面184和开口186允许旋转链节94的末端更厚，从而增加旋转链节94的强度和磨损寿命。另外，开口186提供物料通过的路径，从而防止物料的积聚，这可能导致连接链节90和旋转链节94结合和/或磨损。在其他实施例中，如图9所示的示例中，桥接部174可仅包括无开口的凹面184。
再次参考图5，旋转链节94包括第一端190、第二端194和一对开口198，一对开口198从旋转链节94的一侧横向延伸至旋转链节94的另一个相对侧。旋转链节纵轴200在第一端190和第二端194之间延伸。在标称操作条件下，旋转链节纵轴200与链条82的行进方向126对齐。在所阐释的实施例中，旋转链节94被形成为垂直开放链节，其中通过角撑板或加固构件202来分离开口198。加固构件202在旋转链节94的第一或上壁204和第二或下壁208之间延伸。每个旋转链节94进一步包括一对支撑构件或轴承，例如球形轴承206。每个轴承206位于凹口210(图5)中，凹口210形成在与旋转链节94的开口198中的相关的一个开口中。
开口198中的一个开口与连接链节90的侧部170中的平行孔178对齐，而其他开口198则与刮板链节86的侧部106中的平行孔114对齐。第一连接销或第一链条销214插入穿过连接链节侧部170的孔178并穿过旋转链节94的一个开口198，从而将旋转链节94联接至连接链节90。类似地，第二连接销或第二链条销222插入穿过刮板链节侧部106的孔114并穿过旋转链节94的其他开口198，从而将旋转链节94联接至刮板链节86。链条销214、222中的每个链条销被支撑，从而通过位于连接的旋转链节94中其中一个轴承206来相对于旋转链节94进行枢转运动。
在所阐释的实施例中，第一链条销214在第一横向方向上插入穿过连接链节侧部170，而第二链条销222则在与第一横向方向相对的第二横向方向上插入穿过刮板链节侧部106。通过保持器(如下所述)固定链条销214、222以防其相对于连接链节90和刮板链节86运动。另外，在一些实施例中，侧部170中的一个侧部的外侧可包括具有减小的直径的孔，使得每个销214仅可从连接链节的一侧插入至另一侧。刮板链节的孔可通过相同方式构造。
通过保持器机构固定链条销214、222以防其相对于连接链节90和刮板链节86运动。如图10所示，保持器机构可包括自锁保持环230，自锁保持环230固定在靠近连接链节90一侧的孔178内并抵靠链条销214的末端。作为替代，或除了自锁保持环230之外，如图11所示，保持器机构可包括夹式保持环234，夹式保持环234接纳在靠近连接链节90一侧的围绕孔178内径延伸的槽238内以抵靠链条销214的末端。可压缩夹式保持环234以将环234定位在槽238内，然后使其向外偏置以将环234固定在槽238内。作为替代，或附加于上述保持器机构，如图12所示，所述保持器机构可包括延伸穿过侧部170并穿过孔178的孔242，以及位于孔242内的销246，以抵靠链条销214的末端。
与传统的结合外部保持器机构(易于发生故障且需要额外的加工)的链条不同，所述保持器机构位于内部(在连接链节90的孔178内)，以防止链条销214在孔178内运动。因此，更简化，可使用更强的链条销，简化了链条部件的制造和加工。尽管如图9所示的连接链节90阐释了以上的保持器机构，但应当理解解，也可将类似的机构结合到图7-9中的连接链节。另外，尽管关于连接链节90和链条销214阐释了保持器机构，但是应当理解，可将类似的机构结合到刮板链节86中以保持链条销222。
图13和图14阐释了根据另一个实施例的保持器。开口或孔250被形成在连接链节90的侧部170a中，并与围绕孔178的周边(图14)延伸的槽254连通或对齐，在孔178中定位有链条销214。另外，凹槽258被形成在链条销214的外表面上。当销214位于孔178中且凹槽258与槽254对齐时，将导线262插入穿过侧部170a的孔250。当将导线262压入孔252中时，导线262穿过槽254和凹槽258，以缠绕链条销214。可轻易且快速地将导线262压入孔250中，以将链条销214固定到位而不需要额外的加工并使物料成本最小化。导线262还填充了链条销214和孔178之间多余的空间(例如，由于公差的叠加)。尽管关于连接链节90和链条销214阐释了图13和图14中的保持器机构，但是应当理解，可将类似的机构并入刮板链节86中以保持链条销222。应当理解，可使用本文所描述的保持器机构的任意组合来并入链条的刮板链节86和/或连接链节90中。
如图15所示，连接链节90被形成为单一构件。换句话说，侧部170、桥接部174和驱动销182彼此一体成型。因此，连接链节90的制造成本较低，并比传统的链条更容易组装。另外，连接链节90比传统的链条更坚固，并降低了与多部件链条组件相关的断裂或失效的风险。集成的驱动销182增加了与链轮66接合的驱动部分的强度，并避免了链条销214和链轮66之间的接合(图3)。
如图16所示，驱动销182至少沿驱动销182接合或接触链轮66的表面具有椭圆形轮廓。如本文所使用的，“椭圆形”是指具有至少部分曲线的周边的非圆形形状。其中，椭圆形轮廓可包括具有例如椭圆形或偏心形状的轮廓。与传统的链条和链轮之间线式接触相互作用不同，非圆形轮廓允许驱动销182和链轮66的齿70之间的“曲面片(patch)”接触，以减小销182和链轮66上的接触应力和磨损率。另外，所述轮廓允许驱动销182延伸穿过连接链节90的整个高度。换句话说，每个销182的第一边缘或下边缘与侧部170和桥接部174的下表面共面。刮板销122的驱动部分138(图5)具有类似的轮廓。如图17所示，细长销182和驱动部分138提供链条轮廓，其中所述链条的整个宽度接触并刮摩输送机平台58，与传统的链条留下物料可能积聚的间隙部分不同，。在一些实施例中，每个销182的第二边缘或上边缘与连接链节的侧部170的上表面共面。类似地，驱动部分的上边缘可与刮板链节86的侧部106的上表面共面。
图18和图19阐释了根据另一个实施例的链条882。链条882的特征类似于链条82的特征，并用类似的附图标记加上800来标识。下面描述链条82和882之间的至少一些差异和/或至少一些相似性。另外，仅关于本文描述的一个或一些实施例描述的部件或特征同样适用于本文描述的任何其他实施例。
链条882包括刮板链节886，所述刮板链节包括彼此分开且不直接连接的一对侧部906。换句话说，刮板链节886不包括侧部906之间的桥接部。相反，侧部906通过连接销1022(图19)彼此联接，连接销1022在侧部906之间延伸并穿过旋转链节894。类似地，连接链节890包括一对侧部970，所述一对侧部彼此分离并不直接连接。换句话说，连接链节886不包括侧部970之间的桥接部，侧部970则被形成为单独的部件970a、970b。相反，侧部970通过连接销1014(图19)彼此联接，连接销1014在侧部970之间延伸并穿过旋转链节894。
另外，刮板898与刮板链节886的每个侧部906一体成型。在所阐释的实施例中，驱动部分938从每个侧部906突出，刮板898从驱动部分938的末端向外横向延伸。驱动部分938位于侧部906和刮板898之间。应当理解，链条882的各方面可并入其他公开的实施例中。例如，可将一体式刮板并入关于图4和图5如上所描述的刮板链节86中。
尽管关于连续采矿机如上所描述的所述输送机，但是应当理解，所述输送机可并入其他类型的机器中(包括但不限于掘进机和进入驱动器)，以及装载和牵引机器(包括但不限于穿梭车、电池搬运车或其他类型)中。
尽管参考某些优选实施例已经详细描述了各方面，但是变化和修改存在在所描述的一个或多个独立方面的范围和精神内。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于输送机链条的链节，其特征在于，所述链节包括：
第一部分，所述第一部分包括第一链轮接合销；
第二部分，所述第二部分定向成平行于所述第一部分并与所述第一部分横向隔开，所述第二部分包括第二链轮接合销，所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销沿横向于所述链节的行进方向的轴线彼此对齐，所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销在横向远离中心轴线的方向上突出；以及
中间部分，所述中间部分在所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间延伸并与所述第一部分和所述第二部分一体成型，
其中，一对第一孔被定向成至少部分穿过所述第一部分，一对第二孔被定向成至少部分穿过所述第二部分，其中所述第二孔与所述第一孔对齐，所述第一链轮接合销位于所述一对第一孔之间，其中所述第二链轮接合销位于所述一对第二孔之间，
所述链节还包括连接销，所述连接销延伸穿过所述第一部分的所述第一孔中的一个，并进入所述第二部分的所述第二孔中的一个；和
保持器，所述保持器用于固定所述连接销以防止相对于所述第一部分运动，所述保持器基本位于所述第一部分内。
2.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述中间部分包括平行于所述中心轴线延伸的开口。
3.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述中间部分包括于操作期间在平行于所述链节的行进方向的方向上延伸的开口。
4.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述链节还包括位于所述第一链轮接合销的末端附近的第一链板和位于所述第二链轮接合销的末端附近的第二链板。
5.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述第一链轮接合销具有椭圆形截面，所述第二链轮接合销具有椭圆形截面。
6.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述中间部分与所述第一链轮接合销和所述第二链轮接合销横向对齐。
7.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述第二孔中的一个的一部分包括减小的直径以接合所述连接销的部分，并约束所述连接销穿过所述第二孔中的一个。
8.根据权利要求1所述的链节，其特征在于，所述连接销包括凹槽，所述凹槽沿所述连接销的外表面的周长的至少一部分延伸，所述凹槽与形成于所述第一部分内的开口对齐，其中所述保持器包括细长构件，所述细长构件位于所述开口内并沿所述凹槽的至少一部分延伸，以将所述连接销固定在所述第一孔内。
9.根据权利要求8所述的链节，其特征在于，所述细长构件沿所述凹槽的至少一部分以弓形方式延伸。
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