CN111788977B - Planting method for increasing survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings - Google Patents
Planting method for increasing survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN111788977B CN111788977B CN202010616099.3A CN202010616099A CN111788977B CN 111788977 B CN111788977 B CN 111788977B CN 202010616099 A CN202010616099 A CN 202010616099A CN 111788977 B CN111788977 B CN 111788977B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for improving survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural seedling culture. The method comprises the following steps: 1) selecting a mother tree; 2) harvesting cones; 3) drying cones in the shade; 4) cold storage of seeds; 5) before sowing, carrying out disinfection treatment and seed soaking and germination acceleration treatment on seeds; 6) preparing a culture medium before planting and disinfecting the culture medium; 7) carrying out seed germination treatment; 8) transplanting; 9) and (5) managing after transplanting. The method gets rid of the season limitation of sowing and breeding of the cryptomeria fortunei, and can be used for breeding cryptomeria fortunei seedlings all the year round; the germination time of the cedar seeds is shortened by about 7 days, the cedar seeds directly take roots for 2-3cm in an incubator or have true leaves and then are directly transplanted, the plant spacing is ensured, the seedling illumination is sufficient, the pest and disease damage is reduced, the survival rate is improved by about 50%, and the preservation of high-quality cedar resources is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural seedling raising, and particularly relates to a planting method for improving survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings.
Background
Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibrenk ex Otto et Dietr, also known as Pinus longifola, is a unique tree species in China and is distributed in the Yangtze river basin from south to Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and the like. The cryptomeria fortunei has shallow root system, developed lateral root, unobvious main root and poor wind resistance, but has better resistance to sulfur dioxide, chlorine, hydrogen fluoride and the like. It is preferably cultivated widely because of its precious wood and ornamental value. Common cultivation methods for cryptomeria fortunei include cuttage and sowing. Cuttage is commonly used for propagation of Japan cedar cultivars. The sowing is usually carried out in 1-4 months and 7-10 months in autumn, the sowing is limited by seasons, in addition, the germination rate is 30% -40% after the sowing is carried out for about 20d, the actual application germination rate is only about 10%, the germination rate is low, and the limitation on the preservation of high-quality cedar resources is large.
Patent application No. 201810742156.5 proposes a method for culturing Chinese fir seeds with high survival rate, but the method comprises storing Chinese fir seeds in a clean sealed tank, wherein the water content of the seeds is not controlled accurately, and the seeds are easy to grow due to poor sealing in the tank, so that the seed storage time is short; secondly, the method is placed in a greenhouse during germination acceleration, so that the seeds in the greenhouse are kept in a moist and sterile state, and the seeds are uniformly sown and grown when the seeds are microcracked or exposed to white, so that the initial capital investment is large, and the method is not simple and feasible; although it is also based on the seeding and propagation of seedlings, it takes a long time to grow true leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a planting method for improving the survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a planting method for increasing survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings comprises the following steps
1) Selecting more than 15 years old healthy superior cedar with sufficient light as a mother tree;
2) collecting the whole cones when the cones of the mother trees turn yellow by more than 50% in a sunny day of 10-11 months;
3) putting the harvested cones into a dry carton, placing the cones in a ventilated, shady and dry place for drying in the shade, and turning the cones upside down and uniformly mixing for 1 time every day until the seeds are naturally scattered;
4) after the seeds are scattered, removing impurities on the surfaces of the seeds, and refrigerating at low temperature;
5) before sowing, performing disinfection treatment and seed soaking and germination acceleration treatment on seeds, soaking the seeds for 15 minutes by using 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and then washing the seeds clean by using clear water; placing the washed seeds in distilled water at 25 ℃ for soaking seeds for accelerating germination for 36 h; the seeds which are sunk into the water are left, and the seeds which float on the water surface are removed;
6) preparing a culture medium before planting, sterilizing the culture medium, uniformly mixing fine sand, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, sterilizing by using carbendazim, and airing for 2 d;
7) placing seeds in a germination box, laying a layer of absorbent cotton below the germination box, laying a layer of filter paper in the middle of the germination box, laying a layer of filter paper above the germination box, placing the seeds on the filter paper, spraying water until the water overflows the filter paper, and covering a cover of the germination box; culturing in an illumination incubator with relative humidity of 80%, photoperiod of 16 h/8 h in darkness and corresponding temperature of 25 deg.C/15 deg.C;
8) laying a culture medium in a seedling growing groove to serve as a seedbed, watering thoroughly in advance, transplanting when seeds germinate to 2-3cm in a germination box, poking holes in the seedbed in a row-by-row manner, putting the roots of the seeds into the holes one by one with tweezers, and compacting by hands;
9) and (5) managing after transplanting.
Further, in the step 1), the cryptomeria fortunei is selected from cryptomeria fortunei clone No. 3.
Further, in the step 4), after the seeds are scattered, removing impurities on the surfaces of the seeds, and refrigerating at a low temperature of 4 ℃.
Further, in the step 8), the size of the seedling raising groove is 50 multiplied by 10cm, and the cultivation substrate is paved by 8 cm.
Further, in the step 8), the row spacing and the column spacing of each hole are equal and are both 5 cm.
Further, in the step 9), the management after transplanting is that the water is thoroughly poured after transplanting, then the water is sprayed for 1 time in the morning and at night, the seedlings are shaded until the seedlings grow to 3 leaflets, and then the water is sprayed once a day.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method stores the seeds in the refrigerator at low temperature, is simple and feasible, and greatly prolongs the service life of the seeds; and secondly, the season limitation of sowing and breeding of the cryptomeria fortunei is eliminated, the germination time of cryptomeria fortunei seeds can be shortened by about 7 days, the seeds can germinate to 2-3cm in an incubator or three true leaves can be seen, transplanting is directly carried out, the step of sowing and breeding is omitted, the row spacing of the seeds is ensured, the illumination of seedlings is sufficient, the pest and disease damage can be reduced, and the survival rate is improved by about 50%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples. The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is only for the purpose of describing the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be understood that any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A planting method for improving survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings mainly comprises the following steps:
1) selecting the superior cedar which is more than 15 years old, sufficient in light receiving and healthy as a mother tree.
2) The method is characterized in that the ball fruits of the clone No. 3 Cryptomeria fortunei are collected in Lishui area Lishui of Nanjing City, Jiangsu province 11 months at the end of 2019. When the female tree cones turn yellow by more than 50%, the whole cones are cut off by sharp pruning scissors and put into a self-sealing bag to bring the fruits back to Nanjing university of forestry.
3) Placing the harvested cones into a dry paper box (50 × 50 × 40cm, the total height of the cones is not more than 10cm, and the cones are ventilated, cool in the shade and dry in place, and are prohibited to be directly placed on the ground) for drying in the shade, turning the cones upside down and mixing for 1 time every day, and waiting for the seeds to be naturally scattered.
4) No. 12 and 15 in 2019, the seeds are scattered, the impurities (withered leaves and the like) of the seeds are removed, the seeds are put into a clean self-sealing bag, the label, the date and the variety are written, and the bag is placed into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for refrigeration.
5) Before sowing, the seeds are disinfected and soaked for accelerating germination, No. 5/22 in 2020, the seeds are soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 15 minutes and washed clean by clear water. And (3) putting the rinsed cedar seeds into distilled water at 25 ℃ for soaking seeds for accelerating germination for 36 h. Seeds floating on the water surface are removed, leaving seeds submerged.
6) Sterilizing the culture medium before planting, preparing the culture medium No. 5/20 in 2020, uniformly mixing fine sand, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, sterilizing by using carbendazim, and airing for 2 d.
7) And No. 24 No. 5 month in 2020, placing the seeds in a germination box, laying a layer of absorbent cotton below the germination box, laying a layer of filter paper in the middle of the germination box, placing the seeds on the filter paper, spraying water until the water overflows the filter paper, and covering a cover of the germination box. Placing in an illumination incubator with relative humidity of 80%, photoperiod of 16 h/8 h dark and corresponding temperature of 25 deg.C/15 deg.C for culture. Checking whether the moisture is available or not every day, and replenishing the moisture in time.
8) No. 2 6 month in 2020, placing the culture medium in a seedling culture groove (50 × 50 × 10cm, culture medium height 8cm) as a seedbed before transplanting, and watering thoroughly in advance. Before transplanting, the cultivation substrate is punctured into holes (5cm × 5cm) in a row by using tweezers, when the seeds germinate to 2-3cm, the seeds are taken out from a germination box, the roots of the seeds are placed into the holes one by using the tweezers, and the holes are compacted by hands.
9) And (4) watering thoroughly after transplanting, spraying water for 1 time in the morning and evening until 3 leaflets grow out, and spraying water once a day. The seedlings are kept shaded and temporarily placed indoors close to the window.
No. 6/6 in 2020, half of all seedlings were observed to have three needles. More than 70% of the seedlings grow about 1cm higher than the original seedlings. It is reduced by about one week compared with original seedling emergence, and can propagate in summer. Meanwhile, the row spacing of the seedlings is uniform, so that the seedlings are sufficiently illuminated, the pest and disease damage is reduced, and the survival rate of the seedlings is greatly improved by over 50 percent.
Claims (6)
1. A planting method for improving survival rate of cryptomeria fortunei seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting the superior cedar which is more than 15 years old, sufficient in light receiving and healthy as a mother tree;
2) collecting the whole cones when the cones of the mother trees turn yellow by more than 50% in a sunny day of 10-11 months;
3) putting the harvested cones into a dry carton, placing the cones in a ventilated, shady and dry place for drying in the shade, and turning the cones upside down and uniformly mixing for 1 time every day until the seeds are naturally scattered;
4) after the seeds are scattered, removing impurities on the surfaces of the seeds, and refrigerating at low temperature;
5) before sowing, performing disinfection treatment and seed soaking and germination acceleration treatment on seeds, soaking the seeds for 15 minutes by using 0.1% potassium permanganate solution, and then washing the seeds clean by using clear water; placing the washed seeds in distilled water at 25 ℃ for soaking seeds for accelerating germination for 36 h; the seeds which are sunk into the water are left, and the seeds which float on the water surface are removed;
6) preparing a culture medium before planting, sterilizing the culture medium, uniformly mixing fine sand, vermiculite, peat soil and perlite according to the volume ratio of 1: 1, sterilizing by using carbendazim, and airing for 2 d;
7) placing seeds in a germination box, laying a layer of absorbent cotton below the germination box, laying a layer of filter paper in the middle of the germination box, laying a layer of filter paper above the germination box, placing the seeds on the filter paper, spraying water until the water overflows the filter paper, and covering a cover of the germination box; culturing in an illumination incubator with relative humidity of 80%, photoperiod of 16 h/8 h in darkness and corresponding temperature of 25 deg.C/15 deg.C;
8) laying a culture medium in a seedling growing groove to serve as a seedbed, watering thoroughly in advance, transplanting when seeds germinate to 2-3cm in a germination box, poking holes in the seedbed in a row-by-row manner, putting the roots of the seeds into the holes one by one with tweezers, and compacting by hands;
9) and (5) managing after transplanting.
2. The planting method for increasing the survival rate of the cryptomeria fortunei seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the cryptomeria fortunei is selected from cryptomeria fortunei clone No. 3.
3. The planting method for improving the survival rate of the cryptomeria fortunei seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), after the seeds are scattered, impurities on the surfaces of the seeds are removed, and the seeds are refrigerated at a low temperature of 4 ℃.
4. The planting method for improving the survival rate of the cryptomeria fortunei seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 8), the size of a seedling raising groove is 50 x 10cm, and a culture medium is laid for 8 cm.
5. The planting method for increasing the survival rate of the cryptomeria fortunei seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 8), the row spacing and the column spacing of each hole are equal and are both 5 cm.
6. The planting method for improving the survival rate of the cryptomeria fortunei seedlings according to claim 1, wherein in the step 9), the management after transplanting is that the seedlings are watered thoroughly after transplanting, then water is sprayed for 1 time respectively in the morning and evening, the seedlings are shaded until the seedlings grow to have 3 leaflets, and then water is sprayed for one time every day.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11178464A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-06 | Yoshiki Hosono | Base japanese cedar for garden tree and its growth |
| CN103229647A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-08-07 | 汉中亨泰生物科技有限公司 | Method for propagating Taxus madia nursery stocks |
| CN104041299A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Two-step seedling culturing method for larches |
| CN104541906A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 交城县青木农林科技有限公司 | Container nursery method for white bark pine seeds |
| CN107371988A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-24 | 六盘水黔丰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese yew seedling cultivation technology |
| CN110959456A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-07 | 南京林业大学 | Exogenous hormone GA3Method for promoting cryptomeria fortunei to bloom and seed |
-
2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202010616099.3A patent/CN111788977B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11178464A (en) * | 1997-12-24 | 1999-07-06 | Yoshiki Hosono | Base japanese cedar for garden tree and its growth |
| CN103229647A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-08-07 | 汉中亨泰生物科技有限公司 | Method for propagating Taxus madia nursery stocks |
| CN104041299A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-17 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Two-step seedling culturing method for larches |
| CN104541906A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 交城县青木农林科技有限公司 | Container nursery method for white bark pine seeds |
| CN107371988A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-24 | 六盘水黔丰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Chinese yew seedling cultivation technology |
| CN110959456A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-07 | 南京林业大学 | Exogenous hormone GA3Method for promoting cryptomeria fortunei to bloom and seed |
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